2022年中考英语二轮热点语法复习05介词&介词短语(原版+解析版)

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名称 2022年中考英语二轮热点语法复习05介词&介词短语(原版+解析版)
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更新时间 2022-03-15 19:57:51

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2022年中考英语二轮热点语法复习05介词&介词短语(原版)
★★★热点解读★★★
介词也是中考必考点,各省市命题形式除了单项填空外还在完形填空、语法填空、短文改错中进行考查。考点主要涉及常用介词的用法区别,介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配,介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。
介词【热点剖析】
【2021年北京市】2. Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year.
A. on B. by C. at D. in
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:每年的4月24日是中国的“航天日”。 on用在星期或具体时间前;by到……为止;at其后加点钟等;in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根据“April 24th”可知,此处加具体的时间,故选A。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握表示时间的介词之间的区别和固定搭配,弄清时间点、段及时态所固有的用法。
★★★知识链接★★★
时间介词
1.in用于“世纪、年代、季节、月份及上下午”等前。In the 21st century autumn September; in the morning/afternoon/evening.
2.in+一段时间,表“多久以后”,用于将来时。
3.at用于“钟点、节日、年龄、中午及夜晚”等前。At 7:30,at the age of19,at noon/night/midnight.…
4.on用于“具体某一天(星期几、某年某月某日)或具体某天上下午或晚上”前。on Sunday/March5th/Children's Day; on a cold morning…
5.after接时间点,与将来时连用;接时间段,与过去时连用。
6.“since+时间点”;“since+时间段+ago”意为“从……以来”,主句常用现在完成时或过去完成时。
7.“for+时间段”表示动作的延续,主句常用现在完成时、过去完成时或一般过去时。
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年大连市】2. I often do volunteer work in the library ________ Sundays.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
2.【2021年南京市】1. We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. of
3.【2021年重庆市(A卷)】2. The Tianwen-1 Probe landed on Mars ________ May 15th, 2021.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
4.【2021年重庆市(B卷)】4. We usually have a flag-raising ceremony ________ Monday.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
5.【2021年江苏省淮安市】2. —What time does the library open in the morning
—It opens ________ 9 a.m.
A. in B. on C. at D. between
6.【2021年辽宁省抚顺市】4. Cathy always makes good use of her time to study, even _______ her lunch break.
A. around B. during C. from D. between
7.【2021山东临沂市】1. We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternoon.
A. in B. on C. at
8.【2021四川自贡市】2. —Have you heard of the news about Yuan Longping
—Yes. It’s reported that he passed away ________ the age of 91 yesterday.
A. at B. in C. on
9.【2021江苏扬州市】3. China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
10.【2021年江苏省宿迁市】2. The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
方位介词热点剖析
1.【2021年天津市】4. Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A. between B. from C. behind D. among
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意:安娜比我高。在教室里她坐在我后面。between在……之间(两者);from来自;behind在……后面;among在……之间(三者)。根据“Anna is taller than me.”可知,这里指她坐在我后面,故选C。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握地点的大、小以及常用介词的用法区别,介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配,介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。
★★★知识衔接★★★
方位介词
1.at/in:at+小地点(建筑/公园/门牌等);in+大地方(国家/城市/乡镇等);in+空间(在空间里面)。
2.on/over/above/below/under:on“在……的上面”,与表面接触;over“在……正上方”,不接触表面;above“在……上方”,指相对上方,不接触表面;below“在……下方”,above的反义词;under“在……下面”,on的反义词。
3.between/among/between在两者之间;among在三者或三者以上之中。
4.in front of/in the front of: in the front of在.……(内部)前面;in front of在……(外部)前面。
5.across/over/through/by:across指横穿、穿过,表示动作从某一物体表面上经过;over表示从某人或某物的上方经过或越过,不与表面接触;through指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过;by表示从某人或某物的旁边经过。
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年海南省】7. Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
2.【2021年十堰市】4. — Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A. on B. to C. at D. in
3.【2021江苏盐城市】2. China successfully landed a spacecraft ________ Mars in May, 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
三、其它介词
1.【2021年河北省】1. I eat rice ________ beef and potatoes. It’s delicious.
A. in B. on C. with D. for
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我吃米饭时和牛肉土豆一起吃。这样吃很好吃。in在……里;on在……上;with和……一起;for为了。根据语境可知,此处指的是“吃饭时连同牛肉土豆一起吃”,故应用介词with。故选C。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握同一含义的介词之间的区别。
★★★知识衔接★★★
1.by, with,in都可以表示“用”
by表示“乘……(交通工具)”,也指“通过……(方法)”。表示方式,指抽象的或无形的手段时,其宾语一般是抽象名词或动名词;指具体的手段时,其宾语通常是表示身体某个部位、交通工具或通讯工具等的名词,且名词前不用冠词。如:
You can make the cake by mixing eggs and flour.把鸡蛋与面粉混合,你就可以做出那种蛋糕。
Can I reach you by telephone 我可以用电话和你联系吗?
with表示“用……工具/手段”,一般接具体的手段或工具,不能接动名词。如:
He sharpened his pencil with a knife.他用小刀削铅笔。
in表示用的方法、工具、材料和“用容器(之类的工具)”等。如:
Please write in ink,not in pencil.请用墨水写,不要用铅笔写。
I paid the bill in cash.我用现金付账。
They carried earth in basket.他们用篮子提土。
2.besides,except,except for,but都可表示“除……之外”
besides表示“除了……之外(尚有)(宾语包括在内)”,表示肯定;另外,它还可以作副词,有“再说”的意思,表示语气的递进。except表示“除了……之外(宾语不包括在内)”,含有否定含义。如:
There are four persons besides Tom to do the work,the four of whom are expert at it.
算汤姆在内有四个人做这项工作。他们四个在这方面都在行。
There are four persons except Tom to do the work,four of whom are expert at it.
不算汤姆,他们有四个人做这个工作。他们当中的四个在这方面都在行。
except for前后所陈述的不属同类,表示引述一个相反细节,对上一陈述起到修正说明的作用,except for后接名词和代词。
We enjoyed the party except for the loud music.
除了音乐嘈杂了点,我们在聚会上玩得很开心。(the loud music和the party不属于同类)
Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.=Your composition is good except that there are some spelling mistakes.
除了几个拼写错误之外,你的作文很好。
but作为介词和except同义,通常用在no以及由no组成的合成词或表示否定意义的词后面,而except不受此限制。如:
Nobody else but/except me could solve the word puzzle.除了我,谁都不会解这个字谜。
I had no choice but to wait.我除了等待之外别无选择。
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年武汉市】7. — I could tell ________ the look on her face that something exciting had happened.
— Exactly!
A. on B. with C. by D. at
2.【2021年贵州安顺市】6. In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work _________ subway.
A. in B. on C. by
3.【2021浙江省温州市】5. Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking ________ her into a village in Qinghai.
A. over B. past C. across D. through
4.【2021年江苏无锡市】3. The sun shone ________ the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
介词短语【热点剖析】【2021年长春市】25. My classmates like to read English novels ___________ their free time.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我的同学喜欢在他们的空闲时间读英语小说。in在……里;on在……上;at在;to到。固定搭配:in one’s free time“在某人的空闲时间里”,故选A。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握介词和名词、动词、形容词、副词构成许多固定短语,我们必须不断积累,牢牢记住这些固定搭配,掌握其含义,才能应对中考。
★★★知识链接★★★介词短语
at at first首先;at home在家;at last最后,终于;at least至少,最少;at night在晚上,在夜里;at once立即,马上;at the beginning of在……的开始;at the moment此时,现在;at the same time同时
by by accident偶然地,意外地;by mistake错误地;by the time到……之前;by the way顺便一提,附带说说;one by one一个接一个地
in in a hurry匆忙,很快地;in common公有(的),共用(的);in danger处在危险状态;in fact实际上,其实,确切地说;in good health身体健康;in one's opinion在……看来;in order to为了;in person亲身,亲自;in public当众;公开;in silence沉默,无声;in the end最后,终于;in the face of面对(问题、困难等);in the future未来,将来;in the way挡道的,妨碍人的;in total总共,合计
on on display展览,陈列;on foot走路,步行;on sale廉价出售,出售;on show展出,在上演(放映);on the phone用电话交谈,在通话中;on time准时
to to be honest老实说;to one’s surprise令某人感到惊讶的是;to start with首先
介词与形容词搭配 be good at擅长……;be weak in在……方面差;be good/bad for对……有好处/坏处;be late for迟到;be full of充满;be busy with忙于;be angry with生某人的气;be afraid of害怕;be interested in对……感兴趣;be different from与……不同;be strict with sb/in sth.对某人/在某方面严格
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年安徽省】4. Our country has made great progress in the fight ________ blue skies and clear waters.
A. in B. for C. against D. between
2.【2021年昆明市】1. Since 1921, the Communist Party of China (中国共产党)has been leading the Chinese people ________ a better life.
A. of B. on C. at D. to
3.【2021年甘肃天水】12. We left ________ such a hurry that we forgot our tickets.
A. on B. for C. to D. in
4.【2021年广西河池市】7. Try this dress on, Lucy. It must look nice ________ you.
A. on B. in C. at D. with
5.【2021湖南株洲市】3. The Monkey King can make 72 changes ________ his shape and size.
A. on B. in C. to
6.【2021江苏镇江市】2. All the cups over there are made ________ glass except the green one.
A. of B. in C. by D. with
7.【2021年江苏泰州市】5. —Why do you choose to use Beidou Navigation (导航) Satellite System, Mr. Li
—Because I think it has many advantages ________ GPS (全球卫星定位系统).
A. on B. in C. over D. of
8.【2021年江苏苏州市】1. Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence ________ a team.
A. to B. from C. on D. at
9.【2021年安徽省】9. —Your village is really beautiful!
—Thank you. ________ all the villages here have taken on a new look.
A. For example B. In fact C. First of all D. As a result
10.【2021年海南省】18. It is said Zhang Sanfeng created tai chi(太极)after watching a fight between a snake and a bird. ________, many movements in tai chi have names of animals.
A. In fact B. In total C. In time
11.【2021年山西】9. In the future, robots will play a more important role in people’s life ________ the development of technology.
A. ahead of B. instead of C. because of
12.【2021年江苏泰州市】3. It's reported that, ________, people with college education can make more money than those without.
A. in general B. in public C. in time D. in all
13.【2021年辽宁省抚顺市】10. —This is so difficult that I want to give up.
—Take it easy. ______, it takes time to learn something new.
A. In that case B. For example C. By the way D. After all
172022年中考英语二轮热点语法复习05介词&介词短语(解析版)
★★★热点解读★★★
介词也是中考必考点,各省市命题形式除了单项填空外还在完形填空、语法填空、短文改错中进行考查。考点主要涉及常用介词的用法区别,介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配,介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。
介词【热点剖析】
【2021年北京市】2. Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year.
A. on B. by C. at D. in
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:每年的4月24日是中国的“航天日”。 on用在星期或具体时间前;by到……为止;at其后加点钟等;in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根据“April 24th”可知,此处加具体的时间,故选A。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握表示时间的介词之间的区别和固定搭配,弄清时间点、段及时态所固有的用法。
★★★知识链接★★★
时间介词
1.in用于“世纪、年代、季节、月份及上下午”等前。In the 21st century autumn September; in the morning/afternoon/evening.
2.in+一段时间,表“多久以后”,用于将来时。
3.at用于“钟点、节日、年龄、中午及夜晚”等前。At 7:30,at the age of19,at noon/night/midnight.…
4.on用于“具体某一天(星期几、某年某月某日)或具体某天上下午或晚上”前。on Sunday/March5th/Children's Day; on a cold morning…
5.after接时间点,与将来时连用;接时间段,与过去时连用。
6.“since+时间点”;“since+时间段+ago”意为“从……以来”,主句常用现在完成时或过去完成时。
7.“for+时间段”表示动作的延续,主句常用现在完成时、过去完成时或一般过去时。
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年大连市】2. I often do volunteer work in the library ________ Sundays.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
【答案】C
【解析】考查时间介词辨析。句意:星期天我经常在图书馆做义工。at用于具体的钟点前;in用于年、月、季节前;on用于具体的某一天前;for后接一段时间;Sundays指具体的星期,前面要用介词on,故选C。
2.【2021年南京市】1. We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. of
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我们将在2021年7月1日庆祝中国共产党成立100周年。
in后加早中晚、季节、月份、年份等;on后加星期、日期;at后加时刻;of……的。根据“July 1st, 2021”可知,此处指具体的某一天,应用on。故选B。
3.【2021年重庆市(A卷)】2. The Tianwen-1 Probe landed on Mars ________ May 15th, 2021.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
【答案】D
【解析】考查时间介词辨析。句意:天问一号探测器在2021年5月15日登陆火星。at后接具体时刻;in后接某年某月某季节;to到;on后接具体某一天。“May 15th, 2021”是具体的一天,故选D。
4.【2021年重庆市(B卷)】4. We usually have a flag-raising ceremony ________ Monday.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我们通常在星期一举行升旗仪式。in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前;at用于具体的钟点前;on用于具体的某一天前;for后接一段时间;Monday“星期一”,是具体的一天,星期前要用介词on,故选C。
5.【2021年江苏省淮安市】2. —What time does the library open in the morning
—It opens ________ 9 a.m.
A. in B. on C. at D. between
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——上午图书馆什么时间开?——上午九点开门。in 用于表示世纪、年、月、季节,在上午或下午等;on用于表示确定的时间,具体某天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上或一般节日等;at表示在具体的时间点,常用于表示钟点、夜里、中午、拂晓等的词组中;between指在二者之间。根据“9 a.m.”可知表达的是具体的时间九点钟。用介词“at”。故选C。
6.【2021年辽宁省抚顺市】4. Cathy always makes good use of her time to study, even _______ her lunch break.
A. around B. during C. from D. between
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:Cathy总是很好地利用她的时间来学习,即使是在午休时间。
around围绕、环绕;during在……期间;from来自;between在两者之间。根据空后“her lunch break”可知,应是在午休期间,应用during。故选B。
7.【2021山东临沂市】1. We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternoon.
A. in B. on C. at
【答案】C
【解析】考查时间介词用法。句意:今天下午三点半我们要开班会。in后接某年某月;on后接具体一天;at后接具体时刻。“3:30”是具体的时刻,故选C。
8.【2021四川自贡市】2. —Have you heard of the news about Yuan Longping
—Yes. It’s reported that he passed away ________ the age of 91 yesterday.
A. at B. in C. on
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——你听说了关于袁隆平的消息吗?——是的。据报道,他昨天去世了,享年91岁。at在;in在……中;on在……上。at the age of…在……岁,故选A。
9.【2021江苏扬州市】3. China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:中国首个火星探测器“祝融”于2021年5月15日在火星上着陆。on其后加星期或具体的时间;in其后加早中晚/季节/月份/年份等;at其后加时间点等;to到。根据“May 15, 2021”可知,是具体的某一天,故选A。
10.【2021年江苏省宿迁市】2. The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:中国共产党将于2021年7月1日迎来100岁生日。
in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前;at用于具体的钟点前;on用于具体的某一天前;for后接一段时间;根据“July 1st, 2021”可知,具体的一天前用介词on,故选B。
方位介词热点剖析
1.【2021年天津市】4. Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A. between B. from C. behind D. among
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意:安娜比我高。在教室里她坐在我后面。between在……之间(两者);from来自;behind在……后面;among在……之间(三者)。根据“Anna is taller than me.”可知,这里指她坐在我后面,故选C。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握地点的大、小以及常用介词的用法区别,介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配,介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。
★★★知识衔接★★★
方位介词
1.at/in:at+小地点(建筑/公园/门牌等);in+大地方(国家/城市/乡镇等);in+空间(在空间里面)。
2.on/over/above/below/under:on“在……的上面”,与表面接触;over“在……正上方”,不接触表面;above“在……上方”,指相对上方,不接触表面;below“在……下方”,above的反义词;under“在……下面”,on的反义词。
3.between/among/between在两者之间;among在三者或三者以上之中。
4.in front of/in the front of: in the front of在.……(内部)前面;in front of在……(外部)前面。
5.across/over/through/by:across指横穿、穿过,表示动作从某一物体表面上经过;over表示从某人或某物的上方经过或越过,不与表面接触;through指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过;by表示从某人或某物的旁边经过。
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年海南省】7. Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:三沙坐落于中国南部的美丽城市。in在……里面;on相接壤;to一个城市在另一个城市之外。三沙位于中国内部,用介词in。故选A。
2.【2021年十堰市】4. — Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A. on B. to C. at D. in
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——人民公园在哪里? ——沿着公园路走,在第二个十字路口右转,它就在你的左边。on(表示方向)在;to到……;at在(某处);in在……里。根据下文“your left”提示,此处表示的是在某个方向上,故应用介词on,故选A。
3.【2021江苏盐城市】2. China successfully landed a spacecraft ________ Mars in May, 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:2021年5月,中国成功在火星上着陆了一艘宇宙飞船。
in在……里;on在……上;at在;for为了。land…on…着陆于……,故选B。
三、其它介词
1.【2021年河北省】1. I eat rice ________ beef and potatoes. It’s delicious.
A. in B. on C. with D. for
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我吃米饭时和牛肉土豆一起吃。这样吃很好吃。in在……里;on在……上;with和……一起;for为了。根据语境可知,此处指的是“吃饭时连同牛肉土豆一起吃”,故应用介词with。故选C。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握同一含义的介词之间的区别。
★★★知识衔接★★★
1.by, with,in都可以表示“用”
by表示“乘……(交通工具)”,也指“通过……(方法)”。表示方式,指抽象的或无形的手段时,其宾语一般是抽象名词或动名词;指具体的手段时,其宾语通常是表示身体某个部位、交通工具或通讯工具等的名词,且名词前不用冠词。如:
You can make the cake by mixing eggs and flour.把鸡蛋与面粉混合,你就可以做出那种蛋糕。
Can I reach you by telephone 我可以用电话和你联系吗?
with表示“用……工具/手段”,一般接具体的手段或工具,不能接动名词。如:
He sharpened his pencil with a knife.他用小刀削铅笔。
in表示用的方法、工具、材料和“用容器(之类的工具)”等。如:
Please write in ink,not in pencil.请用墨水写,不要用铅笔写。
I paid the bill in cash.我用现金付账。
They carried earth in basket.他们用篮子提土。
2.besides,except,except for,but都可表示“除……之外”
besides表示“除了……之外(尚有)(宾语包括在内)”,表示肯定;另外,它还可以作副词,有“再说”的意思,表示语气的递进。except表示“除了……之外(宾语不包括在内)”,含有否定含义。如:
There are four persons besides Tom to do the work,the four of whom are expert at it.
算汤姆在内有四个人做这项工作。他们四个在这方面都在行。
There are four persons except Tom to do the work,four of whom are expert at it.
不算汤姆,他们有四个人做这个工作。他们当中的四个在这方面都在行。
except for前后所陈述的不属同类,表示引述一个相反细节,对上一陈述起到修正说明的作用,except for后接名词和代词。
We enjoyed the party except for the loud music.
除了音乐嘈杂了点,我们在聚会上玩得很开心。(the loud music和the party不属于同类)
Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.=Your composition is good except that there are some spelling mistakes.
除了几个拼写错误之外,你的作文很好。
but作为介词和except同义,通常用在no以及由no组成的合成词或表示否定意义的词后面,而except不受此限制。如:
Nobody else but/except me could solve the word puzzle.除了我,谁都不会解这个字谜。
I had no choice but to wait.我除了等待之外别无选择。
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年武汉市】7. — I could tell ________ the look on her face that something exciting had happened.
— Exactly!
A. on B. with C. by D. at
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——从她脸上的表情我就知道发生了激动人心的事。——确实!on在……上;with和;by通过;at在。根据“ I could tell…the look on her face”可知,是通过表情判断,故选C。
2.【2021年贵州安顺市】6. In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work _________ subway.
A. in B. on C. by
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词用法。句意:为了保护环境,许多人选择乘地铁上班。in在……里面;on在……上面;by后接交通工具,表示乘坐……。根据句子结构可知,这里考查交通方式:“by+交通工具”或“in/on+冠词+交通工具”,介词短语;根据“subway”前面没有冠词和形容词性物主代词,可知此处为介词短语by subway“坐地铁”。故选C。
3.【2021浙江省温州市】5. Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking ________ her into a village in Qinghai.
A. over B. past C. across D. through
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:看到一群羊从她身边走过,走进青海的一个村庄,凯特感到很兴奋。over超过;past经过;across横穿;through从物体内部穿过。根据“walking ... her”可知是从她旁边经过,用past符合语境。故选B。
4.【2021年江苏无锡市】3. The sun shone ________ the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:阳光透过窗户照进来,在墙上留下了一道小小的彩虹。
beyond超过;along沿着;through从内部穿过;across横过,从一边到另一边。根据“The sun shone...the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.”可知,此处指阳光透过窗户照进来,应用through。故选C。
介词短语【热点剖析】【2021年长春市】25. My classmates like to read English novels ___________ their free time.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我的同学喜欢在他们的空闲时间读英语小说。in在……里;on在……上;at在;to到。固定搭配:in one’s free time“在某人的空闲时间里”,故选A。
★★★方法探究★★★此类试题主要掌握介词和名词、动词、形容词、副词构成许多固定短语,我们必须不断积累,牢牢记住这些固定搭配,掌握其含义,才能应对中考。
★★★知识链接★★★介词短语
at at first首先;at home在家;at last最后,终于;at least至少,最少;at night在晚上,在夜里;at once立即,马上;at the beginning of在……的开始;at the moment此时,现在;at the same time同时
by by accident偶然地,意外地;by mistake错误地;by the time到……之前;by the way顺便一提,附带说说;one by one一个接一个地
in in a hurry匆忙,很快地;in common公有(的),共用(的);in danger处在危险状态;in fact实际上,其实,确切地说;in good health身体健康;in one's opinion在……看来;in order to为了;in person亲身,亲自;in public当众;公开;in silence沉默,无声;in the end最后,终于;in the face of面对(问题、困难等);in the future未来,将来;in the way挡道的,妨碍人的;in total总共,合计
on on display展览,陈列;on foot走路,步行;on sale廉价出售,出售;on show展出,在上演(放映);on the phone用电话交谈,在通话中;on time准时
to to be honest老实说;to one’s surprise令某人感到惊讶的是;to start with首先
介词与形容词搭配 be good at擅长……;be weak in在……方面差;be good/bad for对……有好处/坏处;be late for迟到;be full of充满;be busy with忙于;be angry with生某人的气;be afraid of害怕;be interested in对……感兴趣;be different from与……不同;be strict with sb/in sth.对某人/在某方面严格
★★★真题回放★★★
1.【2021年安徽省】4. Our country has made great progress in the fight ________ blue skies and clear waters.
A. in B. for C. against D. between
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我国在争取蓝天碧水的斗争中取得了巨大进展。in在……中;for为了;against反对;between在……之间。根据“…blue skies and clear waters”可知,此处强调目的,为了蓝天碧水,故选B。
2.【2021年昆明市】1. Since 1921, the Communist Party of China (中国共产党)has been leading the Chinese people ________ a better life.
A. of B. on C. at D. to
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:自1921年以来,中国共产党领导中国人民过上了更加美好的生活。of……的;on在……上;at在;to到。lead…to…“通向”,固定短语,故选D。
3.【2021年甘肃天水】12. We left ________ such a hurry that we forgot our tickets.
A. on B. for C. to D. in
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我们走得很匆忙,把票忘了。on在……上;for为了;to向,朝;in在……里。此处考查短语in a hurry匆忙地。故选D。
4.【2021年广西河池市】7. Try this dress on, Lucy. It must look nice ________ you.
A. on B. in C. at D. with
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:Lucy,试下这条裙子。你穿一定很好看。on在……上;in在……里;at在;with伴随。固定搭配:look nice on sb“穿在某人身上好看”,故选A。
5.【2021湖南株洲市】3. The Monkey King can make 72 changes ________ his shape and size.
A. on B. in C. to
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:孙悟空可以对他的形状和大小做出72种改变。on在……上;in在……里;to到。固定搭配:make changes to“对……做出改变”,故选C。
6.【2021江苏镇江市】2. All the cups over there are made ________ glass except the green one.
A. of B. in C. by D. with
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:除了那个绿色的杯子,那边所有的杯子都是玻璃做的。
be made of用……制作;be made in在……制作;be made by被……制作;be made with用……制成。根据“All the cups over there are made…”可知,此处强调看得出原材料,用be made of,故选A。
7.【2021年江苏泰州市】5. —Why do you choose to use Beidou Navigation (导航) Satellite System, Mr. Li
—Because I think it has many advantages ________ GPS (全球卫星定位系统).
A. on B. in C. over D. of
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——李先生,你为什么选择使用北斗卫星导航系统?——因为我认为它比全球卫星定位系统有很多优势。on在……上面;in在……里;over超过;of……的。have advantages over胜过,比……更有优势。故选C。
8.【2021年江苏苏州市】1. Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence ________ a team.
A. to B. from C. on D. at
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:足球迷通常被称为“第12人”,因为他们对一个球队的影响。
to朝;from从……;on在……上;at在……点时;结合空格后的“a team”可知,此处是influence on“对……的影响”,是固定短语,后接影响的对象,故选C。
9.【2021年安徽省】9. —Your village is really beautiful!
—Thank you. ________ all the villages here have taken on a new look.
A. For example B. In fact C. First of all D. As a result
【答案】B
【解析】考查词义辨析。句意:——你们的村庄真漂亮!——谢谢。事实上,这里所有的村庄都焕然一新。For example例如;In fact事实上;First of all首先;As a result结果。根据“…all the villages here have taken on a new look.”可知,此处在陈述事实,“事实上”符合语境,故选B。
10.【2021年海南省】18. It is said Zhang Sanfeng created tai chi(太极)after watching a fight between a snake and a bird. ________, many movements in tai chi have names of animals.
A.In fact B. In total C. In time
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意:据说张三丰在看过一条蛇和一只鸟打仗之后创造了太极。事实上,太极中的很多动作都有动物的名字。in fact事实上;in total总共;in time及时。根据“...many movements in tai chi have names of animals.”可知此处介绍实际情况。故选A。
11.【2021年山西】9. In the future, robots will play a more important role in people’s life ________ the development of technology.
A. ahead of B. instead of C. because of
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在未来,因为技术的发展,机器人将在人们的生活中发挥更重要的作用。
考查介词短语。ahead of在……之前;instead of代替;because of因为。根据“robots will play a more important role in people’s life … the development of technology”可知,因为科技的发展,机器人才会在人类生活中起着重要作用,故选C。
12.【2021年江苏泰州市】3. It's reported that, ________, people with college education can make more money than those without.
A. in general B. in public C. in time D. in all
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意:据报道,一般来说,受过大学教育的人比没有受过大学教育的人能赚更多的钱。 in general一般来说;in public公开地;in time及时;in all总共。根据句意,受过大学教育的人比没有受过大学教育的人能赚更多的钱,这是一般情况,故选A。
13.【2021年辽宁省抚顺市】10. —This is so difficult that I want to give up.
—Take it easy. ______, it takes time to learn something new.
A. In that case B. For example C. By the way D. After all
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:——这太难了,我想放弃——别着急。毕竟,学点新东西需要时间。In that case那样的话;For example例如;By the way顺便说一句;After all毕竟。结合语境可知作者劝对方勿着急,学习新东西终究需要时间,所以用短语after all。故选D。
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