【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案(通用版)
专题十一 状语从句（解析卷）
黑龙江 哈尔滨 邱尚瑛
【考纲解读】
状语从句是历年高考中出现比较频繁的考查内容，无论在单项选择、完型填空还是阅读理解等项目中都占有较大比例。状语从句指句子用作状语，其作用相当于副词，它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。高考中，主要考查由when，while，as，unless，before，not…until…，特殊疑问词+ -ever / no matte r +特殊疑问词等引导的状语从句。
主要考查热点：
1.时间状语从句及其连词；
2.地点状语从句及其连词；
3.原因状语从句及其连词；
4.条件状语从句及其连词；
5.让步状语从句及其连词；
6.目的状语从句及其连词；
7.方式状语从句及其连词；
8.结果状语从句及其连词；
9.比较状语从句及其连词。
【考点剖析】
一、时间状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）________ he woke up the next morning, he was surprised to find the ground covered with deep snow.
A.If B. When C. Unless D. Before
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：当他第二天早上醒来时，他惊讶地发现地面上覆盖着厚厚的积雪。考查状语从句。从句意和逻辑关系判断，此处应为时间状语，表示“在……的时候”。before“在……之前”不合逻辑，排除；if “如果” ；unless (=if...not)除非”表示条件，不合逻辑，排除。所以，选B。
例2：(2019年高考 南京市 调研卷）After 40 years of reform and opening-up, China still has a long way to go _______ it becomes a “developed economy”.
A.until B. before C. after D. unless
【答案】B
【解析】句意：经过40年的改革开放，中国要成为“发达经济体”还有很长的路要走。考查状语从句。until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；before在……之前，引导时间状语从句；after在……之后，引导时间状语从句；unless除非,引导条件状语从句；根据句意，在中国变成……之前有很长的路要走，选B。
例3：(2018年高考 北京卷）_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A. Although B. While C. If D. Until
【答案】C
【解析】句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，那么世界上的很多动植物都将会消失。考查状语从句。动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管；while当……时候，尽管，然而；if 如果；until 直到。所以，选C。注意：本题需要与时间状语、让步状语从句区别开。
例4：(2018年高考 天津模拟卷）It is difficult for us to know the truth _________ we’ve actually looked into the case.
A.until B. after C. since D. if
【答案】A
【解析】 句意：:在我们真正调查这个案件之前,我们很难知道真相。考查状语从句。until“直到……才”符合语境；after在……之后；since自从……以来,既然，因为；if 如果。所以，选择A。
【解题技巧】
熟练掌握引导时间状语从句的从属连词以及之间的区别，熟练牢记固定句型结构，同时要掌握搭配上的区别。
二、地点状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）House prices are usually much higher ________ there are subway stations around.
A.where B. unless C. while D. though
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：在周边有地铁站的地方，房价通常更高。考查地点状语从句。空格处引导地状语从句，表示……地方。所以，选A。
例2：(2018年高考 江苏南京、盐城模拟试卷）Persistent people begin their success ________ others end in failure.
A.where B. while C. since D. though
【答案】A
【解析】句意：持之以恒的人会在别人以失败告终的地方开始他们的成功之路。考查状语从句。此处表示“在……的地方”用where，所以，选A。
例3：(2017年高考 江苏卷）Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A. why B. when C. which D. where
【答案】D
【解析】句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词，位于坐落某地，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place，在从句中作地点状语。所以，选D。
【解题技巧】
做状语从句类的题目，需要理解句意，然后判断前后分句的逻辑关系，进而选出相应的连接词。where在此引导地点状语从句，类似的句子有：Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
三、原因状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）——Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
——No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——彼得，请给我们寄明信片，这样我们就知道你去去哪游览过过了。——没问题。考查状语从句。A. but 但是；B. or 或者；C. for 因为；D. so因此。根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系，所以用so，选D。
例2：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）She is forever on a diet, ________ she often says that she puts on weight easily
A. since B. as C. because D. for
【答案】A
【解析】句意：她永远都在减肥，因为她总说自己很容易长胖。当所述原因是已知的客观事实或被当作推断的理由时用since，从该句前半部分得知她永远都在减肥，因为她认为自己很容易发胖，以此为推断的理由，所以总是在减肥。选A。
例3：(2020年高考 哈工大专项测试卷）________ Lily was very weak, she could not stand the operation.
A. since B. as C. because D. for
【答案】B
【解析】句意：莉莉因为身体很弱，承受不了手术。考查原因状语从句连接词的区别。as所表示的原因一般是听话者已经知道的，不能用来回答why引导的特殊疑问句。如果所述理由是明显的或者已知的，用as比because更合适。所以，选择B。
【解题技巧】
做状语从句类的题目，需要理解句意，然后判断前后分句的逻辑关系，进而选出相应的连接词。 弄清引导原因状语从句的从属连词。
四、条件状语从句及其连词
例1：(2021年高考 天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A. unless B. once C. whether D. because
【答案】C
【解析】句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。考查状语从句连接词词义辨析A.unless除非；B.once 一旦；C.whether无论；是否；D.because 因为。分析句子，该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句，根据句意及后面的or ，需要表示“无论是……还是……”，whether符合题意。所以，选C。
例2：（2021年高考 全国乙卷短文改错）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
【答案】 whatever改为whenever
【解析】句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。考查连词。根据句意可知，此处表达“有必要时我也会打扫自己的卧室”，所以用whenever (无论何时) 引导让步状语从句。所以，将whatever改为whenever。
例3：(2019年高考 天津卷）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their support.
A. since B. once C. unless D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。考查连词辨析。since因为；once一旦；unless除非；after在……之后。根据题意，所以，选C。
例4：(2018年高考 江苏卷）_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When
【答案】B
【解析】句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。A. Once一旦；B. Unless除非；C. If如果；D. When 当……时候。所以，选B。
【解题技巧】
unless引导条件状语从句时一定要注意它的翻译方式：“除非……否则……”。另外，还要注意unless和其他连词在意义上的区别。
五、让步状语从句及其连词
例1：（2021年高考 天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A.unless B.once C.whether D.because
【答案】C
【解析】句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。unless除非；once 一旦；whether无论；是否；because 因为。分析句子，该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句，根据句意及后面的or ，需要表示“无论是……还是……”，whether符合题意。故选C项。
例2：(2020年高考 哈工大专项测试卷）_______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。考查状语从句。A.Once 一旦；B.If 如果；C.Although尽管；D.Because因为。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系，所以，选C。
例3：(2019年高考 江苏卷）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance.
A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case
【答案】D
【解析】句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。考查状语从句的连词。A. if only要是……该多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得。所以，选D。
例4：(2019年高考 哈工大专项测试卷）Hot ________ the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
【答案】as
【解析】句意为：尽管晚上很热，我们仍然睡得很沉，因为长途跋涉后，我们都太累了。由句意可知，as 意为“虽然，尽管”，引导分句时，要把句中的语提前，构成倒装句。所以，填as。
【解题技巧】
引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。
六、目的状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 江苏卷）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。考查连词辨析。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. now that既然；D. so that为了。空后it won’t be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。所以，选D。
例2：(2020年高考 新课标Ⅲ卷）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend _________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。考查连词短语词义辨析及语境理解。A.ever since自那时起；B.as if好像；C.even though尽管；D.so that以便。从句为目的状语从句，所以，用so that引导，选D。
例3：(2018年高考 天津春卷）Make sure you save all your work on screen ________ the computer breaks down.
A.in case B. as if C. so that D. even though
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：确保保存你在电脑屏幕上的所有文件，以防电脑出故障。考查状语从句。in case“以防出现某种情况”，引导目的状语从句，符合句意。as if“仿佛,好像”，引导方式状语从句；so that “以便，因此”，引导目的或结果状语从句；even though“即使,纵然”，引导让步状语从句。所以，选择A。
例4：(2018年高考 天津卷）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们等到这个周末再摘这些桃子吧，这样的话，吃会更甜。考查状语从句。A.ever since自那时起；B.as if 好像；C.even though 尽管；D.so that以便。从句为目的状语，所以，用so that引导。选择D。
七、方式状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）She takes good care of the baby ________ he were her own child.
A. as if B. as C. when D. until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：她把婴儿照顾得很好，就好像是她自己的孩子一样。as if仿佛，好像，虚拟语气，事实上不是。as作为连词有不同的用法，如：像，像……一样；由于；当……时；尽管等。主句的意思是把孩子照顾得好，从句可以从两个方面考虑：一是为什么照顾得好，二是照顾的方式；因此从句应该是原因或者方式。答案C和D引导时间状语从句，不符合该句。从句如果是表示原因，从句中的系动词不符合；所以从句是表示方式的状语从句，用的是虚拟语气，系动词用were。故选择A。
例2：“You can't judge a book by its cover,” ________.
A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying
C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：正如那句古老的谚语所说那样，“人不可貌相”。考查as引导的状语从句。此处as引导一个方式状语从句，意思是“如……一样”。根据句意选C。
例3：________ a single world can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意：正如一个单词可以改变句子的意思那样，一个句子也能够改变一个段落的意思。A 意为正如， B 意为尽管，用于让步状语从句，C 意为直到， D 意为除非。分析逗号前后表达所使用的结构句式是相同的：world对应 sentence, a sentence 对应 paragraph 这正好是一种对应，也就是正如的关系。所以，选A。
八、结果状语从句及其连词
例1：(2019年高考 新课标III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【答案】so
【解析】句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。考查引导结果状语从句的副词。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。所以，填so。
例2：(2020年高考 工大附中专项测试卷）The teacher gave the students such a difficult maths problem _________ nobody worked it out.
A.as B.which C.so D.that
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：老师给学生们出了一道如此难的数学题以至于没有人能解出来。考查状语从句。such...that...和so...that... 都引导结果状语从句。根据句意，由于题难，其结果是没有人能解答出来。所以，选择D。
例3：(2019年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）The camera is __________ expensive __________ I can't afford it.
A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这相机太贵了，我买不起。该句子中所修饰的形容词，所以用“so + 形容词或者副词+ that 从句” 的句型结构。所以，选择A。
例4：Nancy enjoyed herself so much _________ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A. that B.which C.when D.where
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：Nancy去年在悉尼拜访朋友时玩得很开心。考查状语从句。when引导时间状语从句。本题干扰性最强的是A 项，因为so...that引导结果状语从句。但是，根据语境，这里并没有因果关系的含义。所以，答题时，需要特别注意此类干扰情况。因此，选择C。
【解题技巧】
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。
九、比较状语从句及其连词
例1：There are a small number of people involved, possibly ________twenty.
A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as
【答案】A
【解析】句意：有少数人被牵涉其中，可能有20人那么少。考查形容词比较级结构的用法。本句twenty后省略了people，所以，用few修饰。因此，选A。
例2：What we expect from you is working hard hardly working.
A. less than B. rather than C. as well as D. as much as
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们希望你努力工作，而不是几乎不工作。四个选项的含义分别是：A less than少于，B. rather than而不是，C as well as和……一样好，除了，不但……而且，D as much as多达……。所以，选B。
【解题技巧】
形容词和副词的考查有时涉及同级比较的用法。记住结构是：as+形容词原级+as。这里面的几个选项也可以理解成短语。仔细分析句子可知这里实际上考查的是形容词few，little，many，much的区别。这样就不难判断了。
【相关知识点连接】
一、时间状语从句及引导时间状语从句的从属连词
1．表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词
表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词主要的 when, while, as, whenever。talk while you're eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。
注意结构：
be doing sth.when... 正在做某事突然……
have hardly/just/scarcely done sth. when... 刚做完……就……
be about to do sth.when... 正准备……突然……
2．表示“在……之前(或之后)”的时间连词主要的有before, after
Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。
Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up before I could answer the phone．
半夜有人给我打电话，但是在我接起之前又挂了。
（“还没来得及……就……”）
Do it before you forget．趁着你还没忘，赶快去做。（“趁着……”）
注意结构：
It was＋时间段＋before＋过去时，多久之后才……；
It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时，多久之后才……；
It won’t be long before... 过不了多久就……。
It will be some months before we graduate from schoo1．
再过几个月我们就毕业了。
It won't be long before he comes back to the hometown．很快他就要回家乡了。
3. 表示“自从” 的时间连词since用法
She's been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。
注意结构：
（1）since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。
I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。
（2）since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。
（3）since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。
（4）It is＋时间段＋since＋过去时，意为“自从……以来多久了”。
（5）since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句中的时态则应该是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.我考上研究生有两年了。
4. 表示“一……就”的时间连词主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。
I'll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。
Please let him phone me immediately he comes back.请让他一回来就给我打电话。
（5）表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：
I'll tell him about it (the) next time I see him.
我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。
Next time you come，do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。
【温馨提示】
every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
（6）not…until…句型可变形为：never／nothing／no…until…。
I had heard nothing of what happened until you told me．
直到你告诉我，我才知道发生了什么事。
No more students make the same mistakes until the rules are made clear．
没有明确的规则，学生们就不会再犯同样的错误。
【温馨提示】
1）强调句结构：It is／was not until…that…。从句中用肯定形武。
It was not until you told me about it that I knew it．
直到你告诉我这件事，我才知道。
2）not until…位于句首，句中主句要倒装。
Not until you promise to help her will she go away．
直到你答应帮助她，她才会离开。
二、地点状语从句及引导地点状语从句的从属连词
引导地点状语从句的从属连词有where，wherever。
Wherever there is smoke，there is a fire.无火不生烟(无风不起浪)。
Lifting off at sunrise，the hot air balloon goes wherever the wind blows.
热气球在日出时升腾到空中，随风飘动。
三、原因状语从句及引导原因状语从句的从属连词
1．引导原因状语从句的从属连词有
引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because，as，since，now (that)，seeing that，considering that等。另外，when也可表示原因。并列连词for加分句也可表示原因，for引导的分句对前面的内容进行补充说明。
Now (that) / Since it is so hot，I guess we can’t do anything until after dark.
既然天这么热，我想我们只有等天黑之后才能做事。
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. 既然你步行5分钟就能到那里，却打车，真够愚蠢的。
2．一些介词短语同样可以表示原因
这类可以同样可以表示原因的介词短语一般有because of，thanks to，due to，owing to等。
四、条件状语从句及引导条件状语从句的连词
引导条件状语从句的连词
引导条件状语从句的连词除了if，unless等之外，下列连词也可引导条件状语从句once, as/so long as, on condition that, suppose / supposing, provided / providing, in case (如果、万一) 等。
As long as you don't lose heart，you will succeed．只要不灰心，你就能成功。
In case there is a fire，what will you do first 如果发生火灾，你会先做什么？
I will lend you the book on condition that you return it on Monday．
如果你能在星期一把书还上，我就会借给你。
Suppose/Supposing (that) I don’t have a day off，what shall we do
假如我没有一天假，那该怎么办？
You may borrow the book，on condition that you won’t lend it to others.
你可以借这本书，条件是你不能再借给别人。
五、让步状语从句及其连词
1．although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用
当as或though引导的让步状语从句放在主句之前时，常用倒装语序，此时从句的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Although he is poor, he’s still happy. 虽然他很穷，他仍然很快乐。
I’ll try it，though/although I may fail. 即使我可能失败，我也要试一下。
Child as he was，he knew what was the right thing to do.
虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。
【温馨提示】
however引导让步状语从句时，其后可跟形容词或副词，也要用倒装语序。
Although he is quite old, he still jogs every day.
他虽然年纪相当大,仍然每天慢跑.
Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident.
这次意外虽然显得令人不可思议,却没有人受伤.
However hard he may try, he will not attain his goal.
无论他怎样努力也达不到目标.
2．while让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”
while引导的让步状语从句要放在主句前边。
While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
3．疑问词 ever和“no matter＋疑问词”
“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……，不管……”；疑问词 ever不但可以引导让步状语从句 (等于no matter＋疑问词)，还可引导名词性从句 (如：宾语从句、主语从句等)，意为“任何……”。
六、目的状语从句及其连词
1．in order that与so that
in order that与so that这两个连词意为“以便……，为了……”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
When he goes out，he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody can recognize him. 他出门的时候常戴着墨镜，这样的话就没人能认出他了。
2．for fear that与in case
fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句中，一般用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那个男孩藏在树后面，以防他父亲看到他。
Take your raincoat in case it should rain. 带上雨衣以防下雨。
七、方式状语从句及其连词
as, as if, as though, just as， the way, rather than等引导的方式状语从句
由as, as if, as though, just as， the way, rather than等引导的方式状语从句，有三点需要注意：
（1）as表示行为方式；
（2）假如、与事实相反、不可能实现时，有as if/ though引导要用虚拟语气；
（3）the way也可以引导方式状语从句。
Remember, you must do everything as I do. 记住，你们都要照我这样做。
You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必须按我给你示意得来做这练习。
He acted as if nothing had happened. 他好像什么都没有发生似的。
I don’t like the way he addresses the audience．我不喜欢他向观众演说的样子。
八、结果状语从句及其连词
引导结果状语从句的连词有以下几种情况
1．so +adj ／adv.+ that从句，如此……以致于……
The theory was so advanced that few people could understand it
这个理论如此先进以致于很少有人能够明白。
The essay was written so well that many newspapers wanted to carry it.
这篇文章写得如此好以致于许多报纸想刊登它。
a／an +adj +n(单数)
2．such adj +n(复数) that从句，如此……以致于……
adj +n(不可数)
He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door．
他走得匆忙，以致忘了锁门。
(当中心词是单数可数名词时，冠词a/ an 需要紧接such)
There were such a lot of people that We could hardly move on．
人很多，我们简直没法往前走。(复数名词作中心词)。
He made such rapid progress that he soon began to write articles in English．
他进步很快，不久就开始用英语写文章了。(不可数名词作中心词)
【温馨提示】
1）作中心词的名词前有many，much(多)few，lime(少)这四个词之一时，要用so...that…句型。
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses．
不久，鹿太多了，结果它们吃光了野玫瑰。
She got to little education that she could hardly do a simple arithmetic problem． 她受的教育如此少她几乎不会做简单的数学问题。
但是当little为小的意思时，则要用such…that…句型。
They were such little children that they couldn't dress themselves.
他们是如此小的孩子结果他们不会自己穿衣服。
2）such／an + adj +n(sing)that可换成 so+ adj.+a／an+n(sing)that引导的状语从句。
The elephant has such a strong body that it can do heavy work for people
=The elephant has so strong a body that it call do heavy work for people.
大象有如此强壮的身体结果它可以为人们做繁重的劳动。
九、比较状语从句及其连词
由than，as...as...; the more..., the more... 引导的比较状语从句
由than，as...as...; the more...,the more...引导的比较状语从句需注意：
（1）as...as只能修饰形容词或副词原级，用于否定句时第一as可换成so；
（2）than和as...as后的比较部分常是省略句；
（3）the more..., the more...一般是倒装句，前是比较状语从句，后是主句。
It's much cheaper to camp than to stay in a hotel. 宿营比住旅店要便宜的多。
Repeat this as often as is necessary. 根据需要多次重复这个动作。
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
英语你听得越多，就越容易听懂。
I have never seen such an interesting person as he (is).
我从没有见过像他那样有趣的人。
【强化训练】
I. 单项选择
1. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）There is ________ food in the refrigerator that we don’t need to buy anything.
A. such a B. such much C. so much D. so many
【答案】C
【解析】句意：冰箱里有这么多食物，我们不需要买任何东西。food指食物、食品的时候是不可数名词；当强调食物的种类时是可数名词；此句中指食物，所以是不可数名词，故排除D。在有so与such的状语从句中注意：so修饰形容词或副词；其结构为so + 形容词或者副词+ that 从句。such修饰名词，其结构为：such + (a / an / )+adj. + n. + that 从句；但是需要注意的是：如果such后边的名词前由many、much、few、little等词所修饰的话，则不用such而用so；所以又排除A、B，选择C。
2. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though C. until D. since
【答案】C
【解析】句意：如果你无法理解某件事情，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你理解为止。A.because因为；B.though尽管；C.until直到；D.since目从。根据句意可知选用until。因此，选C。
3. (2018年高考 天津模拟卷7) We thoroughly understand each other, ________ we don’t always agree.
A.even if B. as if C. however D. so that
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们完全理解对方，即便我们也会有分歧。考查状语从句。even if“即使、纵然”，表示让步；as if“仿佛,好像”，表示方式；however“可是、然而”表示转折；so that“为了、因此”，引导目的或结果状语从句。此处为让步关系，所以，选A。
4. (2018年高考 江苏联考试卷）______ Jack gets home after school is calculated so that Mum can ensure him warm meals.
A. That B. When C. Whether D. How
【答案】B
【解析】句意：Jack放学回到家的时间被估算好了，这样他妈妈就能保证他一回家就能吃上有热腾腾的饭。考查状语从句。根据句意选择时间状语从句的连词When。所以，选B。
5. (2018年高考 天津模拟卷）My mother is always warning me when I go out, “Don’t get off the bus ______ it is stopping.”
A.until B. while C. before D. after
【答案】B
【解析】句意：每当我出门的时候，妈妈总是提醒我：“车不停稳不要下车。”考查状语从句。while意为“当……的时候”，此处表示“在停车的过程中”。所以，选B。
6. (2017年高考 北京海淀区模拟卷）It’s always a good idea to have a second key somewhere ________ you lose the first one.
A.in case B. now that C. even though D. as long as
【答案】A
【解析】句意：准备一把备用的钥匙总是个好主意，以备你丢失了这把钥匙。考查状语从句。in case“以防万一”，引导目的状语从句；;now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句；even though“即使，虽然”，引导让步状语从句；as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。所以，选择A。
7. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）________the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old
people to care for.
A．Unless B. Until C. As D. While
【答案】C
【解析】句意：随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。考查状语从句。unless除非，引导条件状语从句；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；while尽管，当……的时候，可用来引导让步或时间状语从句。根据句意可知此处应用as引导时间状语从句，表示：随着……。所以，选C。
8. (2017年高考 天津模拟卷）—Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes. ________ others are weak, he is strong.
A.Before B. When C. Where D. Though
【答案】C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：——不要瞧不起鲍勃。他有自己的优势。——哦,是的。在别人弱的地方他却很强。where“在……的地方”，引导地点状语从句。所以，选C。
9. (2018年高考 江苏南京模拟卷）Sometimes it’s hard to accept the truth ________ the lie sounds so much better.
A.because B. unless C. though D. until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：有时候事实真相很难接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳得多。考查状语从句。根据句子之间的逻辑关系可知，此处表原因。所以，用because。选 A。
10. (2018年高考 北京通州模拟卷）________ your aunt was so busy, why didn’t she employ someone to help her look after the baby
A.In case B.Now that C.As long as D.As if
【答案】B
【解析】句意：既然你姑姑很忙，那她为什么不雇个人帮忙照顾她的婴儿呢 考查状语从句。now that(=since) 既然、由于。in case“假使、免得、以防”，引导条件或目的状语从句。as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。as if“仿佛、好像”,引导方式状语从句。从句子逻辑关系判断，此处表原因，选B。
11. (2018年高考 天津模拟卷）________ you have to do the job, you should try your best to do it well even though it may be very difficult for you.
A.While B. Since C. Unless D. Though
【答案】B
【解析】句意：既然你必须做这份工作,那么就算它对你来说可能很困难，你也应该尽全力把它做好。考查状语从句。由句意和逻辑关系可知，此处为因果关系,选since“既然、因为”。所以，选择B。
12. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）I really enjoy listening to music _______ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
A．because B．before C．unless D．until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它有助于我放松，让我忘记一天中的其他忧虑。考查状语从句。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系，所以，选A。
13. (2018年高考 北京卷) ________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A.Although B. While C. If D. Until
【答案】C
【解析】句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化,世界上的很多动物和植物将会死去。考查状语从句。although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；while“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句；until“直到”，引导时间状语从句。根据句意可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。所以，选择C。
14. The children watered the trees _________ the trees would grow well.
A. such as B.so as C. in order that D. such that
【答案】C
【解析】句意：孩子们给树浇水，以便树木长得好。浇水的目的是让树长得好，所以空格处要填的是引导目的状语从句的连词。in order that=so that，表示为了……，以便于……；故选择C。
15. Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _________ she could stay home and raise her family.
A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：凯西在儿子出生时就辞去了工作，以便于她能够待在家里抚养孩子。题中的连词短语now that既然；as if似乎，好像；only if只要……；so that以至于，结果是；根据句意可知本句中的so that引导的是一个目的状语从句，从句中常常会有其他动词can等。故选择D。
16.The little boy saved every coin __________ he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day.
A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这个小男孩把每一枚硬币都存起来，这样他就可以在母亲节给妈妈买一件礼物了。小男孩存钱的目的是为了给妈妈买礼物，所以从句应该是由是表示目的的连词引导。now that既然；as if似乎，好像；only if只要……；so that以至于，结果是；而且so that引导的从句中常常会有can，could等。故选择答案D。
17. You should love your mother ________ your life is given by your mother.
A. since B. if C. when D. as long as
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你应该爱你的母亲，因为你的生命是你母亲赋予的。since由于，因为；if如果，引导条件状语从句；when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；as long as只要……就，引导条件状语从句。主句的意思是主语该怎样做，从句解释为何要如此的原因，所以since符合该句。故选择答案A。
18. When the football fans saw Beckham, they got _________excited _________ they cried out.
A. so, that B. such that C. now that D. even though
【答案】A
【解析】句意：当球迷看到贝克汉姆时，他们激动得哭了起来。答案C和D的两个词之间不可以分开，所以排除。根据so … that与 such … that的用法区别，答案A和B的结构分别是：so 修饰形容词或副词：so + adj. / adv. + that……；such修饰名词：such + (a / an / )+adj. + n. + that……。选择答案A。
19. You may use the dictionary ________ you can return it in time.
A. as long as B. when C. until D. as though
【答案】A
【解析】句意：只要你能及时归还，你就可以使用这本词典。从主句得知，可以使用，条件是你要按时归还，答案A是引导条件状语从句的连词，as long as的意思是：只要……，就……。其它三个连词分别引导时间状语从句和让步状语从句；不符合本句。选择答案A。
20. I was doing the washing ________ my brother was watching TV.
A. because B. if C. while D. since
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当我正在洗衣服时，我弟弟在看电视。答案A引导原因状语从句；答案B引导条件从句，均可排除；答案D可以引导表示原因的从句，也可以引导表示时间的从句（自从……时候开始），不符合该句子。该句子主句与从句的两个动作是同时进行的，只有while符合。故选择答案C。
II. 综合练习：短文改错
In my childhood, my parent sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy, believed that it could benefit me a lot. Therefore, things were quite contrary to their expectations. Not only do I get bored with hours of practice but also I doubted the value of it. Nevertheless, when I entered into high school, it became a fantasy way for me to relax.
Judging from my own experience, I want to say a little words to those who have the same trouble like I did. Do not refuse learn a skill when they are young, as in the long run you will find it helpful.
【答案与解析】
1. 将parent改为parents 考查名词复数。句意：在我的童年时代，我的父母让我学习中国书法，相信它能给我带来很多好处。此处用名词复数，故将parent成为parents。
2. 将believed改为believing 考查现在分词做伴随状语。句意：在我的童年时代，我的父母让我学习中国书法，相信它能给我带来很多好处。句子主语my parents 和believe之间是主动关系，是现在分词做伴随状语，故将believed成为believing。
3. 将Therefore改为However 考查副词。句意：在我的童年时代，我的父母让我学习中国书法，相信它能给我带来很多好处。然而，事情与他们的期望完全相反。前后是一种转折关系，故将Therefore成为However。
4. 将do改为did 考查时态。句意：我不仅对几个小时的练习感到厌倦，而且我也怀疑它的价值。根据In my childhood可知句子用一般过去时态，此处是助动词did帮助构成部分倒装，故将do 成为did。
5. 将into去掉 考查及物动词。enter（进入）是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，本身含有into的意思，所以此处into是多余的，故将into去掉。
6. 将fantasy改为fantastic 考查形容词修饰名词。此处way是名词，用形容词来修饰，故将fantasy 成为fantastic。
7. 将little改为few 考查few和little的区分。此处words是可数名词，a little修饰不可数名词，a few修饰可数名词复数，故将little 成为few。
8. 将like改为as 考查关系代词as引导的定语从句。句意：从我自己的经验来看，我想对那些和我一样有同样麻烦的人说几句话。the same成为as成为，同成为是一样的，此处as是关系代词与the same搭配引导定语从句，故将like改成as。
9. 在refuse后加to 考查固定搭配。refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事，故在learn前面加to。
10. 将 they改为you 考查人称代词。句意：当你年轻的时候，不要拒绝学习一项技能，因为从长远来看，你会发现它很有帮助。结合句意可知把they 成为you。
19【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案(通用版)
专题十一 状语从句（原卷版）
黑龙江 哈尔滨 邱尚瑛
【考纲解读】
状语从句是历年高考中出现比较频繁的考查内容，无论在单项选择、完型填空还是阅读理解等项目中都占有较大比例。状语从句指句子用作状语，其作用相当于副词，它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。高考中，主要考查由when，while，as，unless，before，not…until…，特殊疑问词+ -ever / no matte r +特殊疑问词等引导的状语从句。
主要考查热点：
1.时间状语从句及其连词；
2.地点状语从句及其连词；
3.原因状语从句及其连词；
4.条件状语从句及其连词；
5.让步状语从句及其连词；
6.目的状语从句及其连词；
7.方式状语从句及其连词；
8.结果状语从句及其连词；
9.比较状语从句及其连词。
【考点剖析】
一、时间状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）________ he woke up the next morning, he was surprised to find the ground covered with deep snow.
A.If B. When C. Unless D. Before
【答案】 B
例2：(2019年高考 南京市 调研卷）After 40 years of reform and opening-up, China still has a long way to go _______ it becomes a “developed economy”.
A.until B. before C. after D. unless
【答案】B
例3：(2018年高考 北京卷）_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A. Although B. While C. If D. Until
【答案】C
例4：(2018年高考 天津模拟卷）It is difficult for us to know the truth _________ we’ve actually looked into the case.
A.until B. after C. since D. if
【答案】A
【解题技巧】
熟练掌握引导时间状语从句的从属连词以及之间的区别，熟练牢记固定句型结构，同时要掌握搭配上的区别。
二、地点状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）House prices are usually much higher ________ there are subway stations around.
A.where B. unless C. while D. though
【答案】 A
例2：(2018年高考 江苏南京、盐城模拟试卷）Persistent people begin their success ________ others end in failure.
A.where B. while C. since D. though
【答案】A
例3：(2017年高考 江苏卷）Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A. why B. when C. which D. where
【答案】D
【解题技巧】
做状语从句类的题目，需要理解句意，然后判断前后分句的逻辑关系，进而选出相应的连接词。where在此引导地点状语从句，类似的句子有：Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
三、原因状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）——Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
——No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
【答案】D
例2：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）She is forever on a diet, ________ she often says that she puts on weight easily
A. since B. as C. because D. for
【答案】A
例3：(2020年高考 哈工大专项测试卷）________ Lily was very weak, she could not stand the operation.
A. since B. as C. because D. for
【答案】B
【解题技巧】
做状语从句类的题目，需要理解句意，然后判断前后分句的逻辑关系，进而选出相应的连接词。 弄清引导原因状语从句的从属连词。
四、条件状语从句及其连词
例1：(2021年高考 天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A. unless B. once C. whether D. because
【答案】C
例2：（2021年高考 全国乙卷短文改错）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
【答案】 whatever改为whenever
例3：(2019年高考 天津卷）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their support.
A. since B. once C. unless D. after
【答案】C
例4：(2018年高考 江苏卷）_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When
【答案】B
【解题技巧】
unless引导条件状语从句时一定要注意它的翻译方式：“除非……否则……”。另外，还要注意unless和其他连词在意义上的区别。
五、让步状语从句及其连词
例1：（2021年高考 天津卷）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A.unless B.once C.whether D.because
【答案】C
例2：(2020年高考 哈工大专项测试卷）_______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
【答案】C
例3：(2019年高考 江苏卷）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance.
A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case
【答案】D
例4：(2019年高考 哈工大专项测试卷）Hot ________ the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
【答案】as
【解题技巧】
引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。
六、目的状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 江苏卷）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that
【答案】D
例2：(2020年高考 新课标Ⅲ卷）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend _________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
【答案】D
例3：(2018年高考 天津春卷）Make sure you save all your work on screen ________ the computer breaks down.
A.in case B. as if C. so that D. even though
【答案】 A
例4：(2018年高考 天津卷）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if C. even though D. so that
【答案】D
七、方式状语从句及其连词
例1：(2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）She takes good care of the baby ________ he were her own child.
A. as if B. as C. when D. until
【答案】A
例2：“You can't judge a book by its cover,” ________.
A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying
C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying
【答案】C
例3：________ a single world can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless
【答案】A
八、结果状语从句及其连词
例1：(2019年高考 新课标III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【答案】so
例2：(2020年高考 工大附中专项测试卷）The teacher gave the students such a difficult maths problem _________ nobody worked it out.
A.as B.which C.so D.that
【答案】 D
例3：(2019年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）The camera is __________ expensive __________ I can't afford it.
A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that
【答案】A
例4：Nancy enjoyed herself so much _________ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A. that B.which C.when D.where
【答案】C
【解题技巧】
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。
九、比较状语从句及其连词
例1：There are a small number of people involved, possibly ________twenty.
A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as
【答案】A
例2：What we expect from you is working hard hardly working.
A. less than B. rather than C. as well as D. as much as
【答案】B
【解题技巧】
形容词和副词的考查有时涉及同级比较的用法。记住结构是：as+形容词原级+as。这里面的几个选项也可以理解成短语。仔细分析句子可知这里实际上考查的是形容词few，little，many，much的区别。这样就不难判断了。
【相关知识点连接】
一、时间状语从句及引导时间状语从句的从属连词
1．表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词
表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词主要的 when, while, as, whenever。talk while you're eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。
注意结构：
be doing sth.when... 正在做某事突然……
have hardly/just/scarcely done sth. when... 刚做完……就……
be about to do sth.when... 正准备……突然……
2．表示“在……之前(或之后)”的时间连词主要的有before, after
Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。
Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up before I could answer the phone．
半夜有人给我打电话，但是在我接起之前又挂了。
（“还没来得及……就……”）
Do it before you forget．趁着你还没忘，赶快去做。（“趁着……”）
注意结构：
It was＋时间段＋before＋过去时，多久之后才……；
It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时，多久之后才……；
It won’t be long before... 过不了多久就……。
It will be some months before we graduate from schoo1．
再过几个月我们就毕业了。
It won't be long before he comes back to the hometown．很快他就要回家乡了。
3. 表示“自从” 的时间连词since用法
She's been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。
注意结构：
（1）since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。
I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。
（2）since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。
（3）since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。
（4）It is＋时间段＋since＋过去时，意为“自从……以来多久了”。
（5）since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句中的时态则应该是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.我考上研究生有两年了。
4. 表示“一……就”的时间连词主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。
I'll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。
Please let him phone me immediately he comes back.请让他一回来就给我打电话。
（5）表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：
I'll tell him about it (the) next time I see him.
我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。
Next time you come，do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。
【温馨提示】
every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
（6）not…until…句型可变形为：never／nothing／no…until…。
I had heard nothing of what happened until you told me．
直到你告诉我，我才知道发生了什么事。
No more students make the same mistakes until the rules are made clear．
没有明确的规则，学生们就不会再犯同样的错误。
【温馨提示】
1）强调句结构：It is／was not until…that…。从句中用肯定形武。
It was not until you told me about it that I knew it．
直到你告诉我这件事，我才知道。
2）not until…位于句首，句中主句要倒装。
Not until you promise to help her will she go away．
直到你答应帮助她，她才会离开。
二、地点状语从句及引导地点状语从句的从属连词
引导地点状语从句的从属连词有where，wherever。
Wherever there is smoke，there is a fire.无火不生烟(无风不起浪)。
Lifting off at sunrise，the hot air balloon goes wherever the wind blows.
热气球在日出时升腾到空中，随风飘动。
三、原因状语从句及引导原因状语从句的从属连词
1．引导原因状语从句的从属连词有
引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because，as，since，now (that)，seeing that，considering that等。另外，when也可表示原因。并列连词for加分句也可表示原因，for引导的分句对前面的内容进行补充说明。
Now (that) / Since it is so hot，I guess we can’t do anything until after dark.
既然天这么热，我想我们只有等天黑之后才能做事。
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. 既然你步行5分钟就能到那里，却打车，真够愚蠢的。
2．一些介词短语同样可以表示原因
这类可以同样可以表示原因的介词短语一般有because of，thanks to，due to，owing to等。
四、条件状语从句及引导条件状语从句的连词
引导条件状语从句的连词
引导条件状语从句的连词除了if，unless等之外，下列连词也可引导条件状语从句once, as/so long as, on condition that, suppose / supposing, provided / providing, in case (如果、万一) 等。
As long as you don't lose heart，you will succeed．只要不灰心，你就能成功。
In case there is a fire，what will you do first 如果发生火灾，你会先做什么？
I will lend you the book on condition that you return it on Monday．
如果你能在星期一把书还上，我就会借给你。
Suppose/Supposing (that) I don’t have a day off，what shall we do
假如我没有一天假，那该怎么办？
You may borrow the book，on condition that you won’t lend it to others.
你可以借这本书，条件是你不能再借给别人。
五、让步状语从句及其连词
1．although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用
当as或though引导的让步状语从句放在主句之前时，常用倒装语序，此时从句的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Although he is poor, he’s still happy. 虽然他很穷，他仍然很快乐。
I’ll try it，though/although I may fail. 即使我可能失败，我也要试一下。
Child as he was，he knew what was the right thing to do.
虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。
【温馨提示】
however引导让步状语从句时，其后可跟形容词或副词，也要用倒装语序。
Although he is quite old, he still jogs every day.
他虽然年纪相当大,仍然每天慢跑.
Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident.
这次意外虽然显得令人不可思议,却没有人受伤.
However hard he may try, he will not attain his goal.
无论他怎样努力也达不到目标.
2．while让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”
while引导的让步状语从句要放在主句前边。
While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
3．疑问词 ever和“no matter＋疑问词”
“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……，不管……”；疑问词 ever不但可以引导让步状语从句 (等于no matter＋疑问词)，还可引导名词性从句 (如：宾语从句、主语从句等)，意为“任何……”。
六、目的状语从句及其连词
1．in order that与so that
in order that与so that这两个连词意为“以便……，为了……”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
When he goes out，he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody can recognize him. 他出门的时候常戴着墨镜，这样的话就没人能认出他了。
2．for fear that与in case
fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句中，一般用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那个男孩藏在树后面，以防他父亲看到他。
Take your raincoat in case it should rain. 带上雨衣以防下雨。
七、方式状语从句及其连词
as, as if, as though, just as， the way, rather than等引导的方式状语从句
由as, as if, as though, just as， the way, rather than等引导的方式状语从句，有三点需要注意：
（1）as表示行为方式；
（2）假如、与事实相反、不可能实现时，有as if/ though引导要用虚拟语气；
（3）the way也可以引导方式状语从句。
Remember, you must do everything as I do. 记住，你们都要照我这样做。
You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必须按我给你示意得来做这练习。
He acted as if nothing had happened. 他好像什么都没有发生似的。
I don’t like the way he addresses the audience．我不喜欢他向观众演说的样子。
八、结果状语从句及其连词
引导结果状语从句的连词有以下几种情况
1．so +adj ／adv.+ that从句，如此……以致于……
The theory was so advanced that few people could understand it
这个理论如此先进以致于很少有人能够明白。
The essay was written so well that many newspapers wanted to carry it.
这篇文章写得如此好以致于许多报纸想刊登它。
a／an +adj +n(单数)
2．such adj +n(复数) that从句，如此……以致于……
adj +n(不可数)
He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door．
他走得匆忙，以致忘了锁门。
(当中心词是单数可数名词时，冠词a/ an 需要紧接such)
There were such a lot of people that We could hardly move on．
人很多，我们简直没法往前走。(复数名词作中心词)。
He made such rapid progress that he soon began to write articles in English．
他进步很快，不久就开始用英语写文章了。(不可数名词作中心词)
【温馨提示】
1）作中心词的名词前有many，much(多)few，lime(少)这四个词之一时，要用so...that…句型。
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses．
不久，鹿太多了，结果它们吃光了野玫瑰。
She got to little education that she could hardly do a simple arithmetic problem． 她受的教育如此少她几乎不会做简单的数学问题。
但是当little为小的意思时，则要用such…that…句型。
They were such little children that they couldn't dress themselves.
他们是如此小的孩子结果他们不会自己穿衣服。
2）such／an + adj +n(sing)that可换成 so+ adj.+a／an+n(sing)that引导的状语从句。
The elephant has such a strong body that it can do heavy work for people
=The elephant has so strong a body that it call do heavy work for people.
大象有如此强壮的身体结果它可以为人们做繁重的劳动。
九、比较状语从句及其连词
由than，as...as...; the more..., the more... 引导的比较状语从句
由than，as...as...; the more...,the more...引导的比较状语从句需注意：
（1）as...as只能修饰形容词或副词原级，用于否定句时第一as可换成so；
（2）than和as...as后的比较部分常是省略句；
（3）the more..., the more...一般是倒装句，前是比较状语从句，后是主句。
It's much cheaper to camp than to stay in a hotel. 宿营比住旅店要便宜的多。
Repeat this as often as is necessary. 根据需要多次重复这个动作。
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
英语你听得越多，就越容易听懂。
I have never seen such an interesting person as he (is).
我从没有见过像他那样有趣的人。
【强化训练】
I. 单项选择
1. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）There is ________ food in the refrigerator that we don’t need to buy anything.
A. such a B. such much C. so much D. so many
2. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
A. because B. though C. until D. since
3. (2018年高考 天津模拟卷7) We thoroughly understand each other, ________ we don’t always agree.
A.even if B. as if C. however D. so that
4. (2018年高考 江苏联考试卷）______ Jack gets home after school is calculated so that Mum can ensure him warm meals.
A. That B. When C. Whether D. How
5. (2018年高考 天津模拟卷）My mother is always warning me when I go out, “Don’t get off the bus ______ it is stopping.”
A.until B. while C. before D. after
6. (2017年高考 北京海淀区模拟卷）It’s always a good idea to have a second key somewhere ________ you lose the first one.
A.in case B. now that C. even though D. as long as
7. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）________the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old
people to care for.
A．Unless B. Until C. As D. While
8. (2017年高考 天津模拟卷）—Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes. ________ others are weak, he is strong.
A.Before B. When C. Where D. Though
9. (2018年高考 江苏南京模拟卷）Sometimes it’s hard to accept the truth ________ the lie sounds so much better.
A.because B. unless C. though D. until
10. (2018年高考 北京通州模拟卷）________ your aunt was so busy, why didn’t she employ someone to help her look after the baby
A.In case B.Now that C.As long as D.As if
11. (2018年高考 天津模拟卷）________ you have to do the job, you should try your best to do it well even though it may be very difficult for you.
A.While B. Since C. Unless D. Though
12. (2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）I really enjoy listening to music _______ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
A．because B．before C．unless D．until
13. (2018年高考 北京卷) ________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A.Although B. While C. If D. Until
14. The children watered the trees _________ the trees would grow well.
A. such as B.so as C. in order that D. such that
15. Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _________ she could stay home and raise her family.
A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that
16.The little boy saved every coin __________ he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day.
A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that
17. You should love your mother ________ your life is given by your mother.
A. since B. if C. when D. as long as
18. When the football fans saw Beckham, they got _________excited _________ they cried out.
A. so, that B. such that C. now that D. even though
19. You may use the dictionary ________ you can return it in time.
A. as long as B. when C. until D. as though
20. I was doing the washing ________ my brother was watching TV.
A. because B. if C. while D. since
II. 综合练习：短文改错
In my childhood, my parent sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy, believed that it could benefit me a lot. Therefore, things were quite contrary to their expectations. Not only do I get bored with hours of practice but also I doubted the value of it. Nevertheless, when I entered into high school, it became a fantasy way for me to relax.
Judging from my own experience, I want to say a little words to those who have the same trouble like I did. Do not refuse learn a skill when they are young, as in the long run you will find it helpful.
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