2022届高考英语专题训练之虚拟语气练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语专题训练之虚拟语气练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-16 07:56:46 | ||
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高考专题训练——虚拟语气
—Did you enjoy your trip
—Yes. But for your advice, we _____ our stay in London half as much.
A．didn't enjoy B．hadn't enjoyed
C．wouldn't enjoy D．wouldn't have enjoyed
The bus would not have run into the river _____ for the bad tempered lady.
A．if it were not B．had it not been
C．if it would not be D．should it not be
—Will you go to the party？
—Of course I will if _____.
A．invited B．having invited
C．I was invited D．I will be invited
He was late for class today. But for the heavy fog, he _____ an hour earlier.
A．could come B．could have come
C．were to come D．should come
Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time, otherwise he _____ over to help us.
A．might have come B．would come
C．had come D．were to come
If I _____ you, I would join the army.
A．am B．was C．were D．would be
It is essential that human beings _____ ways and means to protect the environment.
A．should adopt B．have adopted
C．would adopt D．will have adopted
—Did Jack take the doctor's advice that he _____ in bed for another three days
—If only he _____.
A．lie; did B．lie; had C．lies; does D．lies; would
He has suggested that Miss Li _____ action at once before it is too late.
A．take B．takes C．will take D．would take
—We didn't take part in the social activity yesterday.
—I _____, either, if my teacher hadn't reminded me of it.
A．didn't B．hadn't C．wouldn't have D．wouldn't
I should not have laughed if I _____ you were serious.
A．thought B．would think C．had thought D．have thought
Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week If you _____ me, I could have helped.
A．told B．had told C．were to tell D．would tell
—John wants to see you today.
—I would rather he _____ tomorrow than today.
A．comes B．came C．should come D．had come
_____ for the fire at Notre Dame de Paris, a church famous for its large collection of art treasures, I would be there for a visit this summer vacation.
A．Had it not been B．Should it not be
C．Were it not be D．If it have not been
—Would you join us in he game
—I wish I _____, but I'm busy _____ my lessons now.
A．can…with B．shall…for C．did…at D．could…doing
If you had asked him beforehand, you _____ what to do tomorrow.
A．would know B．should have known
C．could have known D．knew
—This is the first time I _____ my picture with my own hands.
—It is time that you _____ a picture for me.
A．have taken; took B．took; should take
C．took; will take D．will take; have taken
But for your help, I _____ the work on time. I really do not know how I can thank you enough.
A．wouldn't finish B．hadn't finished
C．wouldn't have finished D．won't have finished
Now the flowers look healthy again. I figure that they would have died if I _____ them two days ago.
A．don't water B．didn't water
C．hadn't watered D．haven't watered
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My cousin insisted that she _____ to Australia for further study. But the company refused her application.
A．sends B．will be sent C．be sent D．would be sent
I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I _____ this mistake at the moment.
A．didn't make B．wouldn't make
C．hadn't make D．wouldn't have made
I'd rather Miss Liu _____ anything for the time being.
A．do B．doesn't do C．did D．didn't do
_____ be sent to work there
A．Who do you suggest B．who do you suggest that should
C．Do you suggest who should D．Do you suggest whom should
He suggested _____ there alone.
A．she go B．she went C．her go D．she going
I _____ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A．had come B．was coming
C．would come D．would have come
The _____ that we should not be forced to wear uniforms is well backed up.
A．identity B．proposal C．episode D．performance
They've seen many famous scholars in the conference. How I wish I _____ it!
A．have attended B．will attend C．would attend D．had attended
Maybe if I _____ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A．studied B．would study C．had studied D．was studying
I wouldn't have missed the train if I _____ up earlier.
A．got B．had got C．will get D．have got
Had Tom listened to the doctor, he _____ all right now.
A．are B．were
C．would be D．would have been
It is advisable that she _____ biology next semester.
A．take B．takes
C．will take D．should have taken
Eye doctors recommend that a child s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.
A．was B．be C．were D．is
Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.
A．may have B．could have C．must have had D．might have had
—How do you find the health club
—I would rather I _____ it. I feel its management is going from bad to worse.
A．haven't joined B．hadn't joined C．didn't join D．had joined
Investigators urged that safety procedures at the construction site _____ as soon as possible.
A．would improve B．were improved C．improved D．be improved
Why didn't you buy an iPhone 8s It's the most amazing phone.
—I _____, but I didn't have the money
A．must B．must have C．would D．would have
If we _____ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
A．had caught B．caught C．have caught D．would catch
If he _____ his teacher's suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.
A．had followed B．should follow C．was to follow D．followed
The job position in the advertisement requires that the applicant _____ at least 8 years of work experience.
A．had B．have C．will have D．has
What a sunny day! How I wish I _____ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
A．were B．had been C．would be D．should be
—Why didn't you call me
—Oh, my cellphone ran out of power, otherwise I _____ you.
A．would call B．had called
C．called D．would have called
"How I wish I _____ young as you are!" the old man said sadly.
A．am B．were C．should be D．would be
—Little Daniel is watering the flowers! Why
—Well, I'm not feeling very well today—otherwise I _____ it myself.
A．did B．would do
C．had done D．would have done
Oh! The flower can't be saved. If the flower had been watered, it _____ now.
A．wouldn't be dying B．is dead
C．had been dead D．will not die
I wish I _____ the lecture yesterday, but I missed it.
A．had attended B．would attend C．have attended D．attended
—Marx looks nervous.
—So _____ you if you had so fierce a competition.
A．do B．did C．will D．would
_____ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A．Were there B．Had there been
C．If there are D．If there have been
You don't let me have a try. If I took this work, I _____ another way.
A．will adopt B．would adopt C．adopt D．adopted
Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.
A．are B．were
C．would have been D．would be
Ten days are devoted to this training program and _____ it be unsuccessful, it could be repeated later.
A．should B．could C．might D．would
答案
1. 【答案】D
【解析】——你享受你的旅行吗？——是的。要不是你的劝告，我们在伦敦的逗留时间就不会有那么多。
根据句意和 but for your advice 可知这句话使用虚拟语气，根据 did you enjoy your trip 可知是和过去相反的虚拟语气，用 wouldn't have done。故选：D。
【知识点】but for
2. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：要不是因为那个坏脾气的妇人，这辆公交车本不会开进河里的。此处是虚拟语气用于 if 条件句，根据主句 would have done 可知应该是与过去事实相反，从句要用 had done,若省略 if，则将助动词 had 提前构成倒装。
【知识点】在含有had，were，should的虚拟条件句中、当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前
3. 【答案】A
【知识点】if的省略情况、invite
4. 【答案】B
【解析】有 but for 短语的句子，主句用虚拟语气。
【知识点】could have done、but for
5. 【答案】A
【知识点】otherwise
6. 【答案】C
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形；从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be-were）
7. 【答案】A
【知识点】It is/was +a./n.+that...(谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略）
8. 【答案】B
【解析】第一空考查虚拟语气，that 引导的从句作 advice 的同位语。其虚拟形式为 should+do. 其中 should 可省略。第二空考查虚拟句型 if only+sb. had，意为“要是……就好了”，表示对过去的虚拟。
【知识点】advice、if only...句式
9. 【答案】A
【知识点】suggest
10. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。——我们没有参加昨天的社会活动。——如果我的老师没有提醒我的话我本也不会参加的。表示的是与过去的事实相反。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
11. 【答案】C
【解析】根据句意可知，本句是虚拟条件句。由于主句使用了 should+have+done 的形式，因此这里应表示与过去事实相反的假设，故 if 从句应使用过去完成时（had+done）；故选：C。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
12. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查的是虚拟语气，根据句意，“你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到麻烦”，表示与过去的虚拟，句型结构为 if+主语+had done，主语+would/could/might/should+have done，故选 B。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
13. 【答案】B
【解析】在 would rather 后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。其谓语动词用“过去时表示对现在和将来的愿望”。用“过去完成时表示对过去的愿望”。本句有 tomorrow，所以用过去时：
I would rather (that) he came tomorrow than today.
=I wish (that) he came tomorrow than today.
本句的意思是：“我希望他明天来而不是今天来。”
【知识点】从句：一般过去时
14. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果那场大火没有发生在巴黎圣母院——一个以大量艺术品珍藏闻名的教堂，我本会在今年暑假去那里参观的。此处是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句，与过去事实相反，从句用“had done”形式；此处 if 省略，则将助动词 had 提前。
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气、在含有had，were，should的虚拟条件句中
15. 【答案】D
【知识点】从句：一般过去时（be动词用were）、busy oneself (in/with) doing sth.
16. 【答案】A
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
17. 【答案】A
【知识点】It is(high) time (that)...、用于特殊句型中
18. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的帮助，我本不能按时完成任务，我真的不知该怎么感谢你。此处是 But for 假设条件下的含蓄虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用“would/ could/ should/ might + have done”。
【知识点】含蓄虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
19. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：现在，这些花看起来又很好了。我想如果两天前我不给它们浇水的话，它们可能已经死了。根据句意，此处表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时 had done。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
20. 【答案】C
【知识点】insist、主语+情态动词+be+过去分词
21. 【答案】B
【解析】句意：我后悔没有听取你的意见。否则，我现在就不会犯错了。根据 otherwise 及语义可知是虚拟语气，且时间状语为 at the moment，所以应是与现在相反的虚拟语气动词形式。
【知识点】otherwise
22. 【答案】D
【解析】在 I'd rather 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。其谓语动词的用法和 wish 后的宾语从句的用法一样：
I'd rather (that) he came tomorrow.
=I wish (that) he came tomorrow.
I'd rather (that) they had made fewer mistakes in yesterday's test.
=I wish (that) they had made fewer mistakes in yesterday's test.
本句的 for the time being 意思是“暂时”。
【知识点】从句：一般过去时
23. 【答案】A
【解析】本句是个带有虚拟语气的双重疑问句。do you suggest 是个插入语，把插入语拿掉后，剩下的是一句正装句，本句的插入部分有 suggest，就和虚拟语气有关，其结果是在主语中省略了 should：
Who do you suggest (should) be sent to work there 画线部分是插入语。
【知识点】who、suggest
24. 【答案】A
【知识点】suggest
25. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：我本应该早点来，但是我之前不知道他们在等我。根据句子后面的时态和句意可以看出是对过去动作的虚拟，因此要用 would have done。
【知识点】含蓄虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
26. 【答案】B
【知识点】proposal、名词及名词短语的辨析
27. 【答案】D
【知识点】从句：had+过去分词
28. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果那时我学习的是科学而不是文学，那么我就能给你更多的帮助了。通过句意可以看出是 if 引导的非真实条件句，从句中有时间标志词 then 表示过去时间，所以此题为时间错综情况，从句是对过去情况的虚拟，主句是对现在情况的虚拟。
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
29. 【答案】B
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
30. 【答案】C
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
31. 【答案】A
【解析】凡有表示“说话人把自己的意思加到听话人身上”的动词，如 suggest，require，order，advise 后的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，其动词用 should+原形动词，should 可以省略。同样道理，在 It is advisable that… 的句型中也要用虚拟语气。
【知识点】It is/was +a./n.+that...(谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略）
32. 【答案】B
【知识点】表示“坚持要，建议，命令，要求”的动词，从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形
33. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们知道转天会发生什么，他们本可以三思而后行的。根据 Had 可知，表示与过去的事实相反，主句用 would/ could/ should/ might have done。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词、当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前
34. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：——你认为这个健康俱乐部怎么样？——我真希望我没有加入它，我感觉它的管理越发糟糕了。表示与过去的事实相反，且为否定，用 hadn't done。
【知识点】从句：had+过去分词
35. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虛拟语气。句意：调查人员敦促施工现场的安全措施尽快改善。urge 构成的宾语从句要用 should 接动词原形，本题省略了 should，故选 be improved。
【知识点】表示“坚持要，建议，命令，要求”的动词，从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形
36. 【答案】D
【解析】根据 but 引导的句子 but I didn't have the money 可知，前面的句子应该是与现实相反的一种想法，即想买这部手机，所以用 would have done 表示对过去事实的假设，本来会做，但实际上没有做成。
【知识点】but
37. 【答案】A
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
38. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听从了老师的建议，他就已经赢得了这场英语演讲比赛。根据主句的动词结构 would have done 可知，是对过去的虚拟，从句应用 had done 结构。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
39. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：广告中的工作职位要求申请者至少有八年的工作经历。require 表示“需要；要求”，引导的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气，从句用“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。
【知识点】表示“坚持要，建议，命令，要求”的动词，从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形
40. 【答案】A
【知识点】从句：一般过去时（be动词用were）
41. 【答案】D
【解析】本题中 otherwise 表示“否则”，相当于一个虚拟条件句。这里要表达的意思是“如果我手机有电”，可见这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟；与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中往往用过去完成时，而主句中则用 “would/ should/ could / might+have done”。
【知识点】otherwise
42. 【答案】B
【知识点】从句：一般过去时（be动词用were）
43. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：——小丹尼尔正在浇花！为什么？——额，我今天身体不太舒服,否则应该我自己在做这件事。表示与现在的事实相反,用 would do。
【知识点】otherwise
44. 【答案】A
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
45. 【答案】A
【知识点】从句：had+过去分词
46. 【答案】D
【解析】句意：——马克思看上去很紧张。——如果你参加了这么激烈的比赛也会紧张。答语中的主句和 if 条件句都表示与现在相反，用 should/ would/ could/ might+动词原形。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形；从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be-were）
47. 【答案】A
【解析】根据主句中的 would have to wait 可知，空格处应表示对现在情况的假设，故从句用一般过去时；另外，当 if 从句中含有 be 动词 were 及助动词 had 时，可以把主语和 if 省略，同时把 were 或 had 提前，构成倒装句。句意：如果没有现代化的电信设施的话，我们将不得不等候好几周的时间来获得来自世界各地的消息。
【知识点】当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前
48. 【答案】B
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
49. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了医生的话，你现在就好了。此处是省略的混合条件句，从句与过去的事实相反，主句与现在的事实相反，从句用“（If+主语+）had+done”结构，主句用“主语+should/ would/ might/ could+do”结构。
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
50. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们在这个培训项目上投入了十天的时间，如果它不成功，之后可能会重复这个项目。在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句句子结构为“if＋主语＋should＋动词原形”。而在 if 条件句中，如有 were，should 或 had 可省略 if 并使用倒装语序。在本题中，条件句中的连词 if 被省略并应用了倒装句型，故 should 符合题意。
【知识点】当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前、should
—Did you enjoy your trip
—Yes. But for your advice, we _____ our stay in London half as much.
A．didn't enjoy B．hadn't enjoyed
C．wouldn't enjoy D．wouldn't have enjoyed
The bus would not have run into the river _____ for the bad tempered lady.
A．if it were not B．had it not been
C．if it would not be D．should it not be
—Will you go to the party？
—Of course I will if _____.
A．invited B．having invited
C．I was invited D．I will be invited
He was late for class today. But for the heavy fog, he _____ an hour earlier.
A．could come B．could have come
C．were to come D．should come
Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time, otherwise he _____ over to help us.
A．might have come B．would come
C．had come D．were to come
If I _____ you, I would join the army.
A．am B．was C．were D．would be
It is essential that human beings _____ ways and means to protect the environment.
A．should adopt B．have adopted
C．would adopt D．will have adopted
—Did Jack take the doctor's advice that he _____ in bed for another three days
—If only he _____.
A．lie; did B．lie; had C．lies; does D．lies; would
He has suggested that Miss Li _____ action at once before it is too late.
A．take B．takes C．will take D．would take
—We didn't take part in the social activity yesterday.
—I _____, either, if my teacher hadn't reminded me of it.
A．didn't B．hadn't C．wouldn't have D．wouldn't
I should not have laughed if I _____ you were serious.
A．thought B．would think C．had thought D．have thought
Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week If you _____ me, I could have helped.
A．told B．had told C．were to tell D．would tell
—John wants to see you today.
—I would rather he _____ tomorrow than today.
A．comes B．came C．should come D．had come
_____ for the fire at Notre Dame de Paris, a church famous for its large collection of art treasures, I would be there for a visit this summer vacation.
A．Had it not been B．Should it not be
C．Were it not be D．If it have not been
—Would you join us in he game
—I wish I _____, but I'm busy _____ my lessons now.
A．can…with B．shall…for C．did…at D．could…doing
If you had asked him beforehand, you _____ what to do tomorrow.
A．would know B．should have known
C．could have known D．knew
—This is the first time I _____ my picture with my own hands.
—It is time that you _____ a picture for me.
A．have taken; took B．took; should take
C．took; will take D．will take; have taken
But for your help, I _____ the work on time. I really do not know how I can thank you enough.
A．wouldn't finish B．hadn't finished
C．wouldn't have finished D．won't have finished
Now the flowers look healthy again. I figure that they would have died if I _____ them two days ago.
A．don't water B．didn't water
C．hadn't watered D．haven't watered
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My cousin insisted that she _____ to Australia for further study. But the company refused her application.
A．sends B．will be sent C．be sent D．would be sent
I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I _____ this mistake at the moment.
A．didn't make B．wouldn't make
C．hadn't make D．wouldn't have made
I'd rather Miss Liu _____ anything for the time being.
A．do B．doesn't do C．did D．didn't do
_____ be sent to work there
A．Who do you suggest B．who do you suggest that should
C．Do you suggest who should D．Do you suggest whom should
He suggested _____ there alone.
A．she go B．she went C．her go D．she going
I _____ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A．had come B．was coming
C．would come D．would have come
The _____ that we should not be forced to wear uniforms is well backed up.
A．identity B．proposal C．episode D．performance
They've seen many famous scholars in the conference. How I wish I _____ it!
A．have attended B．will attend C．would attend D．had attended
Maybe if I _____ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A．studied B．would study C．had studied D．was studying
I wouldn't have missed the train if I _____ up earlier.
A．got B．had got C．will get D．have got
Had Tom listened to the doctor, he _____ all right now.
A．are B．were
C．would be D．would have been
It is advisable that she _____ biology next semester.
A．take B．takes
C．will take D．should have taken
Eye doctors recommend that a child s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.
A．was B．be C．were D．is
Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.
A．may have B．could have C．must have had D．might have had
—How do you find the health club
—I would rather I _____ it. I feel its management is going from bad to worse.
A．haven't joined B．hadn't joined C．didn't join D．had joined
Investigators urged that safety procedures at the construction site _____ as soon as possible.
A．would improve B．were improved C．improved D．be improved
Why didn't you buy an iPhone 8s It's the most amazing phone.
—I _____, but I didn't have the money
A．must B．must have C．would D．would have
If we _____ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
A．had caught B．caught C．have caught D．would catch
If he _____ his teacher's suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.
A．had followed B．should follow C．was to follow D．followed
The job position in the advertisement requires that the applicant _____ at least 8 years of work experience.
A．had B．have C．will have D．has
What a sunny day! How I wish I _____ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
A．were B．had been C．would be D．should be
—Why didn't you call me
—Oh, my cellphone ran out of power, otherwise I _____ you.
A．would call B．had called
C．called D．would have called
"How I wish I _____ young as you are!" the old man said sadly.
A．am B．were C．should be D．would be
—Little Daniel is watering the flowers! Why
—Well, I'm not feeling very well today—otherwise I _____ it myself.
A．did B．would do
C．had done D．would have done
Oh! The flower can't be saved. If the flower had been watered, it _____ now.
A．wouldn't be dying B．is dead
C．had been dead D．will not die
I wish I _____ the lecture yesterday, but I missed it.
A．had attended B．would attend C．have attended D．attended
—Marx looks nervous.
—So _____ you if you had so fierce a competition.
A．do B．did C．will D．would
_____ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A．Were there B．Had there been
C．If there are D．If there have been
You don't let me have a try. If I took this work, I _____ another way.
A．will adopt B．would adopt C．adopt D．adopted
Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.
A．are B．were
C．would have been D．would be
Ten days are devoted to this training program and _____ it be unsuccessful, it could be repeated later.
A．should B．could C．might D．would
答案
1. 【答案】D
【解析】——你享受你的旅行吗？——是的。要不是你的劝告，我们在伦敦的逗留时间就不会有那么多。
根据句意和 but for your advice 可知这句话使用虚拟语气，根据 did you enjoy your trip 可知是和过去相反的虚拟语气，用 wouldn't have done。故选：D。
【知识点】but for
2. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：要不是因为那个坏脾气的妇人，这辆公交车本不会开进河里的。此处是虚拟语气用于 if 条件句，根据主句 would have done 可知应该是与过去事实相反，从句要用 had done,若省略 if，则将助动词 had 提前构成倒装。
【知识点】在含有had，were，should的虚拟条件句中、当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前
3. 【答案】A
【知识点】if的省略情况、invite
4. 【答案】B
【解析】有 but for 短语的句子，主句用虚拟语气。
【知识点】could have done、but for
5. 【答案】A
【知识点】otherwise
6. 【答案】C
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形；从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be-were）
7. 【答案】A
【知识点】It is/was +a./n.+that...(谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略）
8. 【答案】B
【解析】第一空考查虚拟语气，that 引导的从句作 advice 的同位语。其虚拟形式为 should+do. 其中 should 可省略。第二空考查虚拟句型 if only+sb. had，意为“要是……就好了”，表示对过去的虚拟。
【知识点】advice、if only...句式
9. 【答案】A
【知识点】suggest
10. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。——我们没有参加昨天的社会活动。——如果我的老师没有提醒我的话我本也不会参加的。表示的是与过去的事实相反。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
11. 【答案】C
【解析】根据句意可知，本句是虚拟条件句。由于主句使用了 should+have+done 的形式，因此这里应表示与过去事实相反的假设，故 if 从句应使用过去完成时（had+done）；故选：C。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
12. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查的是虚拟语气，根据句意，“你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到麻烦”，表示与过去的虚拟，句型结构为 if+主语+had done，主语+would/could/might/should+have done，故选 B。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
13. 【答案】B
【解析】在 would rather 后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。其谓语动词用“过去时表示对现在和将来的愿望”。用“过去完成时表示对过去的愿望”。本句有 tomorrow，所以用过去时：
I would rather (that) he came tomorrow than today.
=I wish (that) he came tomorrow than today.
本句的意思是：“我希望他明天来而不是今天来。”
【知识点】从句：一般过去时
14. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果那场大火没有发生在巴黎圣母院——一个以大量艺术品珍藏闻名的教堂，我本会在今年暑假去那里参观的。此处是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句，与过去事实相反，从句用“had done”形式；此处 if 省略，则将助动词 had 提前。
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气、在含有had，were，should的虚拟条件句中
15. 【答案】D
【知识点】从句：一般过去时（be动词用were）、busy oneself (in/with) doing sth.
16. 【答案】A
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
17. 【答案】A
【知识点】It is(high) time (that)...、用于特殊句型中
18. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的帮助，我本不能按时完成任务，我真的不知该怎么感谢你。此处是 But for 假设条件下的含蓄虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用“would/ could/ should/ might + have done”。
【知识点】含蓄虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
19. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：现在，这些花看起来又很好了。我想如果两天前我不给它们浇水的话，它们可能已经死了。根据句意，此处表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时 had done。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
20. 【答案】C
【知识点】insist、主语+情态动词+be+过去分词
21. 【答案】B
【解析】句意：我后悔没有听取你的意见。否则，我现在就不会犯错了。根据 otherwise 及语义可知是虚拟语气，且时间状语为 at the moment，所以应是与现在相反的虚拟语气动词形式。
【知识点】otherwise
22. 【答案】D
【解析】在 I'd rather 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。其谓语动词的用法和 wish 后的宾语从句的用法一样：
I'd rather (that) he came tomorrow.
=I wish (that) he came tomorrow.
I'd rather (that) they had made fewer mistakes in yesterday's test.
=I wish (that) they had made fewer mistakes in yesterday's test.
本句的 for the time being 意思是“暂时”。
【知识点】从句：一般过去时
23. 【答案】A
【解析】本句是个带有虚拟语气的双重疑问句。do you suggest 是个插入语，把插入语拿掉后，剩下的是一句正装句，本句的插入部分有 suggest，就和虚拟语气有关，其结果是在主语中省略了 should：
Who do you suggest (should) be sent to work there 画线部分是插入语。
【知识点】who、suggest
24. 【答案】A
【知识点】suggest
25. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：我本应该早点来，但是我之前不知道他们在等我。根据句子后面的时态和句意可以看出是对过去动作的虚拟，因此要用 would have done。
【知识点】含蓄虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
26. 【答案】B
【知识点】proposal、名词及名词短语的辨析
27. 【答案】D
【知识点】从句：had+过去分词
28. 【答案】C
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果那时我学习的是科学而不是文学，那么我就能给你更多的帮助了。通过句意可以看出是 if 引导的非真实条件句，从句中有时间标志词 then 表示过去时间，所以此题为时间错综情况，从句是对过去情况的虚拟，主句是对现在情况的虚拟。
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
29. 【答案】B
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
30. 【答案】C
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
31. 【答案】A
【解析】凡有表示“说话人把自己的意思加到听话人身上”的动词，如 suggest，require，order，advise 后的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，其动词用 should+原形动词，should 可以省略。同样道理，在 It is advisable that… 的句型中也要用虚拟语气。
【知识点】It is/was +a./n.+that...(谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略）
32. 【答案】B
【知识点】表示“坚持要，建议，命令，要求”的动词，从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形
33. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们知道转天会发生什么，他们本可以三思而后行的。根据 Had 可知，表示与过去的事实相反，主句用 would/ could/ should/ might have done。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词、当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前
34. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：——你认为这个健康俱乐部怎么样？——我真希望我没有加入它，我感觉它的管理越发糟糕了。表示与过去的事实相反，且为否定，用 hadn't done。
【知识点】从句：had+过去分词
35. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虛拟语气。句意：调查人员敦促施工现场的安全措施尽快改善。urge 构成的宾语从句要用 should 接动词原形，本题省略了 should，故选 be improved。
【知识点】表示“坚持要，建议，命令，要求”的动词，从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形
36. 【答案】D
【解析】根据 but 引导的句子 but I didn't have the money 可知，前面的句子应该是与现实相反的一种想法，即想买这部手机，所以用 would have done 表示对过去事实的假设，本来会做，但实际上没有做成。
【知识点】but
37. 【答案】A
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
38. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听从了老师的建议，他就已经赢得了这场英语演讲比赛。根据主句的动词结构 would have done 可知，是对过去的虚拟，从句应用 had done 结构。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
39. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：广告中的工作职位要求申请者至少有八年的工作经历。require 表示“需要；要求”，引导的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气，从句用“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。
【知识点】表示“坚持要，建议，命令，要求”的动词，从句谓语动词用（should）+动词原形
40. 【答案】A
【知识点】从句：一般过去时（be动词用were）
41. 【答案】D
【解析】本题中 otherwise 表示“否则”，相当于一个虚拟条件句。这里要表达的意思是“如果我手机有电”，可见这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟；与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中往往用过去完成时，而主句中则用 “would/ should/ could / might+have done”。
【知识点】otherwise
42. 【答案】B
【知识点】从句：一般过去时（be动词用were）
43. 【答案】B
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：——小丹尼尔正在浇花！为什么？——额，我今天身体不太舒服,否则应该我自己在做这件事。表示与现在的事实相反,用 would do。
【知识点】otherwise
44. 【答案】A
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
45. 【答案】A
【知识点】从句：had+过去分词
46. 【答案】D
【解析】句意：——马克思看上去很紧张。——如果你参加了这么激烈的比赛也会紧张。答语中的主句和 if 条件句都表示与现在相反，用 should/ would/ could/ might+动词原形。
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形；从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be-were）
47. 【答案】A
【解析】根据主句中的 would have to wait 可知，空格处应表示对现在情况的假设，故从句用一般过去时；另外，当 if 从句中含有 be 动词 were 及助动词 had 时，可以把主语和 if 省略，同时把 were 或 had 提前，构成倒装句。句意：如果没有现代化的电信设施的话，我们将不得不等候好几周的时间来获得来自世界各地的消息。
【知识点】当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前
48. 【答案】B
【知识点】主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词；从句：if+主语+had+过去分词
49. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了医生的话，你现在就好了。此处是省略的混合条件句，从句与过去的事实相反，主句与现在的事实相反，从句用“（If+主语+）had+done”结构，主句用“主语+should/ would/ might/ could+do”结构。
【知识点】混合时间虚拟语气
50. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们在这个培训项目上投入了十天的时间，如果它不成功，之后可能会重复这个项目。在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句句子结构为“if＋主语＋should＋动词原形”。而在 if 条件句中，如有 were，should 或 had 可省略 if 并使用倒装语序。在本题中，条件句中的连词 if 被省略并应用了倒装句型，故 should 符合题意。
【知识点】当虚拟条件句的if从句中含有，were，had或should时，可省略if，将were，had或should提到主语之前、should