重庆市重点中学2021-2022学年高二下学期3月第三周定时训练（清北班）英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力音频，有文字材料）
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| 名称 | 重庆市重点中学2021-2022学年高二下学期3月第三周定时训练（清北班）英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力音频，有文字材料） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-16 10:33:01 | ||
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重庆育才中学高2023级高二下学期第3周定时训练
英语试题（一）
第I卷（满分95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much will the woman pay for the stamps
A. $1. B. $2. C. $4.
2. What does the man dislike about the shirt
A. Its material. B. Its design. C. Its color.
3. What does the man mean
A. He got a wrong ticket. B. He sat in the wrong seat. C. He wants to change seats.
4. How does the woman feel
A. Sad. B. Excited. C. Disappointed.
5. Why won’t the boy go to the party tomorrow night
A. He has just recovered from sickness.
B. He has an exam that night.
C. He doesn’t like parties.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Take some medicine. B. Go home. C. Call someone.
7. Who might the man be
A. The woman’s doctor. B. The woman’s boss. C. The woman’s assistant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a shop. B. At home. C. At a radio station.
9. What would the woman like to do
A. Choose a new radio. B. Have her radio fixed. C. Get her money back.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which color jeans will the man be wearing
A. Grey. B. Black. C. Blue.
11. Where are the man’s favorite jeans
A. In the box. B. In the drawer. C. In the cupboard.
12. Where is the man going
A. To a mall. B. To a cinema. C. To a restaurant.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man doing
A. Asking for advice. B. Giving directions. C. Guiding tourists.
14. When were the walls first built
A. In 71 AD. B. In 310 AD. C. In 1300 AD.
15. What does the woman want to see for the second stop
A. The old shops. B. The wooden carvings. C. The Grosvenor Museum.
16. How will the speakers go to the Rows
A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many safety meetings will the employees have every week
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
18. What are the employees allowed to wear in the lab
A. Necklaces. B. Loose belts. C. Sports shoes.
19. Why should the employees wash their hands
A. To avoid bacteria. B. To preserve new equipment. C. To make equipment look clean.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. Salaries the employees will receive.
B. Rules the employees should follow.
C. Work the employees will do.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Set at the entrance to beautiful bays and natural harbors, lighthouses have prevented ships from touching the ground in shallow water for hundreds of years. Sadly, however, many of them are not needed because of effective onboard navigational (导航的) systems. As they were designed to be visible, lighthouses often become very distinctive landmarks: their shapes and colors stand out against the surrounding landscapes. Consequently, they make for some fantastic photo opportunities and are usually set in impressive spots along rocky coastlines or wild seas.
Galle Lighthouse
Located within the ancient walls of Galle Fort, the lighthouse of the same name has protected the surrounding waters ever since it was first built in 1848. While it is the oldest lighthouse in the whole of Sri Lanka, the current lighthouse’s blindingly bright white walls only date back to 1939, when it was rebuilt after a devastating fire.
Hercules Tower Lighthouse
Ever since the second century AD, Hercules Tower Lighthouse has watched out over Spain’s North Atlantic coastline. This remarkably makes it one of the very few oldest lighthouses still in operation today. Such is its age that it is believed to have been modeled after the Lighthouse of Alexandria—one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Big Red Lighthouse
Standing proudly at the south side of the Holland Channel, Big Red Lighthouse presents a striking red appearance to increase its visibility in the daytime. Another unusual quality of Big Red is that the rare lighthouse watches over two bodies of water—Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan.
21. Who are probably the fans of lighthouses nowadays
A. Photographers. B. Historians. C. Sailors. D. Scientists.
22. Which of the following is currently used for navigation
A. Galle Lighthouse. B. The Lighthouse of Alexandria.
C. Big Red Lighthouse. D. Hercules Tower Lighthouse.
23. What is special about Big Red Lighthouse
A. It has the same name as the ancient walls. B. It borders Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan.
C. It gives off red light to increase its visibility. D. It is modeled after the ancient wonder.
B
Nashville-based helicopter pilot Joel Boyers had just finished his job on Saturday morning and was heading home when he received a call for help from a woman in Pennsylvania. Her brother Johnson’s home in Waverly, Tennessee, was underwater and he was trapped on a roof with his daughters. Could Boyers help “I thought how I would feel if I told her I was not even going to try ” he said in a Thursday interview. “She just so happened to call the right person, because I’m the only person crazy enough to even try to do that.”
The weather was terrible and Boyers had to deal with hills and power lines on the way to Waverly, a small city about 60 miles west of Nashville. Just before reaching the town, he found the Internet was down, making it impossible to locate the house he was looking for. He flew on anyway.
“When I arrived, it was nothing but raging water below me,” he said. A few people were out in boats, rescuing the trapped. Boyers was alone in the sky. He started flying up and down the flooded area, grabbing anyone he could.
Boyers said he ended up rescuing 17 people that day. He was proud of that, but said he was the one who should be thanking them. “I literally prayed just days before this that I would be given some meaning in my life, and then I end up getting this call,” he said. He had flown over disasters before including floods, but “The police are usually there, and my hands are tied. This time there isn’t any.” he said.
To perform the rescues, Boyers had to carefully avoid power lines, balance his skids (打滑) on sloped rooftops, and fly over flood waters. It took all the skills learned over 16 years of flying, including for a television news station, for documentaries and for country music stars. “I don’t want to lie,” he said. “It was almost a little fun for me.”
24. Why did Boyers fly to Waverly？
A. Because he had to do his routine tasks. B. Because his brother was caught in the flood.
C. Because he was going to have an interview. D. Because he received an emergency call.
25. What was the biggest obstacle to finding Johnson’s house？
A. A long distance. B. The Internet failure. C. High mountains. D. Fallen power lines.
26. Which of the following best describes Boyers？
A. Caring and courageous. B. Ambitious and demanding.
C. Modest and creative. D. Humorous and cooperative.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？
A. Surviving a Crisis B. Performing a Task C. Braving a Flood D. Testing Flight Skills
C
When Barcelona’s citizens emerged from a six-week lockdown at the end of April last year, they found that while the city had lain inactive, nature had been busy transforming the streets and parks into a wilderness. “The parks were shut, so no gardening was carried out,” says Margarita Pares, who heads the city’s biodiversity programme. “It was spring and it rained a lot more than usual. The result was an explosion in plant growth. And there were many more butterflies, as they are a species that reacts very quickly to changes in the environment.”
Once the gardeners went back to work, the question was whether to return everything to its neat and tidy state, or let nature take its course？The answer is neither. Pares says the council spent the previous two years working on plans to “naturalise” or “rewild” the city—and was about to announce this change of policy when the pandemic struck. By the time the lockdown ended, it was a lot easier to sell rewilding to the public desiring fresh air and open space. When it comes to embracing nature in its cities, Spain falls behind many countries. But it is hoped that Barcelona’s new policy will go some way to correcting that.
“In a city like Barcelona, it’s a case of replacing what exists with green infrastructure(基础建设),” says Lorena Escuer who has worked in Barcelona on a pilot scheme called Alcorques Vivos, which plants wildflowers at the base of trees in the streets rather than surrounding them with pavement. “It’s not having a park surrounded by asphalt(沥青)but introducing nature into the city,” she says. “People need re-educating. Their idea of a clean space is where there’s no life and the ecosystem is dead. There’s this idea that nature is something outside and that what’s natural for the city is for there to be nothing.”
“Rewilding has made us look at how we live and how we want to live. There’s no going back from here. The lockdown gave us a glimpse of nature in the city and it surprised us,” says Margarita Pares.
28. What happened to Barcelona after a six-week lockdown last year？
A. The environment became wild. B. Plants stopped growing.
C. Gardening was abolished. D. Fewer butterflies emerged.
29. What does the underlined phrase “new policy” in paragraph 2 refer to？
A. Returning Barcelona to neatness and tidiness. B. Filling open space with fitness facilities.
C. “Naturalising” or “rewilding” Barcelona. D. Developing economy to shake off backwardness.
30. Which of the following will Lorena Escuer probably support？
A. Surrounding trees with pavement. B. Promoting green infrastructure.
C. Building park roads with asphalt. D. Keeping the city empty and clean.
31. What is Margarita Pares’s attitude to “rewilding”？
A. Doubtful. B. Intolerant. C. Unclear. D. Favorable.
D
We tend to use more emotional language to enhance our powers of persuasion, according to research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. The research shows that people tend toward appeals that aren’t simply more positive or negative but are filled with emotionality, even when they’re trying to persuade an audience that may not be receptive to such language.
Understanding the components that make for a persuasive message is a critical focus of fields ranging from advertising to politics and even public health. The researchers wanted to look at the question from a different angle, exploring how we communicate with others when we are the ones trying to persuade.
In one online study, the researchers showed 1,285 participants a photo and some relevant details for a particular product available from Amazon.com. They asked some participants to write a five-star review that would persuade readers to purchase that product, while they asked others to write a five-star review that simply described the product’s positive features. The findings showed that although the reviews were equally positive in their language, the data showed that reviewers used more emotional language when they were trying to persuade readers to buy a product compared with when they were writing a five-star review without intending to persuade. Importantly, the shift toward more emotional language appeared to be automatic rather than deliberative.
The tendency to use more emotional language emerged even when participants were attempting to persuade a group of “rational” thinkers. “Past research indicates that emotional appeals can backfire when an audience prefers unemotional appeals,” the researchers say. “Our findings indicate that there is such a strong enough connection between persuasion and emotion in people’s minds that they continue to use emotion even in the face of an audience where that approach can have an unintended result.”
An interesting avenue for future research, the researchers say, is to investigate whether the association transfers across various contexts. “For instance, would people use less emotion if they were in a boardroom meeting or if they were writing a formal letter of recommendation ” the researchers wonder.
32. What is the study mainly about
A. The influence of positive words. B. The connection between emotion and persuasion.
C. The significance of understanding persuasion. D. The power of emotional language.
33. What did the online study find in paragraph 3
A. More positive language was used for persuasion.
B. Emotional language was naturally used to persuade readers.
C. Less emotional language was used to persuade readers.
D. Both of the reviews were objective in their language.
34. What does the underlined word “backfire” mean in paragraph 4
A. Damage the reputation. B. Produce the desired result.
C. Attract more attention. D. Have the opposite effect.
35. What does the last paragraph indicate
A. More research will be carried out in a boardroom meeting.
B. The researchers are not satisfied with the current avenue.
C. Future research will be done in various contexts.
D. A formal letter of recommendation should use less emotion.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can you remember what you ate yesterday If asked, most people will be able to give a vague description of their main meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner. But can you be sure you’ve noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk 36
We originally had this suspicion back in 2016, puzzled by the fact that national statistics showed calorie consumption falling dramatically over past decades. Now, the Office for National Statistics has confirmed that people are considerably under-reporting what they ate by 50%.
37 We can point to at least three potential causes. One is the rise in obesity levels itself. Under-reporting rates are much higher for obese people, because they simply consume more food, and thus have more to remember.
Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to slim down has been increasing over time. 38 It may be driven partly by self-deception or “wishful thinking”.
39 Both are in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake. Again, there is evidence that food consumed out of the home is one of the most poorly recorded categories in surveys.
So, what’s the message conveyed If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet. 40 Therefore, we can ensure what people eat won’t have much impact on their waistlines. If this works, it won’t matter if they can’t remember what they ate yesterday.
A. Why is this happening
B. What will come about next
C. Most people will feel that they’ve missed something out.
D. We should be looking for new ways to handle this problem.
E. The final one is an increase in snacking and eating out recently.
F. People are consuming more calories than the national statistics claim.
G. Those who want to lose weight are more likely to under-report their eating.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Christmas 2020 was a heartbreaker for Melanie Lee. A few weeks earlier, her 33-year-old son had 41 his battle with cancer. Then the engine of her car 42 , and she couldn't afford to have it fixed.
“When it broke down, I broke down,” Lee told CNN. “Now I don't have my baby or transportation. How can I 43 active in my future life ”
Eliot Middleton is the owner of a 44 and former mechanic who, in his free time, repairs and gives away used cars. He'd learnt Lee’s 45 from her nephew Frank McClary, the mayor of the town. On Christmas morning, Middleton showed up 46 at Lee’s home with a gift: a 1993 Oldsmobile.
“I had no idea what was going on,” said Lee. “He handed me the 47 and asked for nothing.”
The idea for the used-car 48 came to Middleton a year earlier during a food drive he'd organized when many lining up for a meal 49 up to four miles to get there.
“Cars are 50 in this town, ” Middleton told CBS. “There’s no public transportation to take people to schools, hospitals, even food shopping.” So he posted on Facebook an offer to 51 barbecued ribs of his restaurant for broken-down vehicles. Since then, friends and strangers have 52 over 100 cars in disrepair. Many sit in Middleton's yard waiting to be 53 and donated, usually to those he's heard about through word of 54 .
“People think Eliot is a(n) 55 ,” McClary told NBC. “And I do too.”
41. A. won B. survived C. fought D. lost
42. A. fired B. disappeared C. failed D. ran
43. A. stay B. prоvе C. fall D. appear
44. A. garage B. restaurant C. grocery D. shop
45. A. danger B. confusion C. dilemma D. hesitation
46. A. unannounced B. unspoken C. unanswered D. unemployed
47. A. cars B. wheels C. wages D. keys
48. A. donation B. purchase C. promotion D. introduction
49. A. cycled B. walked C. sailed D. drove
50. A. appropriate B. convenient C. necessary D. advisable
51. A. take B. trade C. provide D. buy
52. A. showed off B. given off C. put off D. dropped off
53. A. borrowed B. offered C. fixed D. operated
54. A. mouth B. foot C. leg D. ear
55. A. mechanic B. angel C. defender D. guardian
第II卷 （满分55分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A yellow teddy bear, found in a dustbin half a century ago, 56 (become) a star exhibit of the Benaki Museum of Toys in Athens since the museum opened in 2017. The adventurous bear, 57 important collection item in Europe associated with childhood, has also reached China through a children's book written by Greek 58 (educate) and author Eleni Geroulanou. In her fairy tale Once upon a time, a bear, 59 has been translated into Chinese and published by China's Hebei Children's Publishing House, the teddy bear wanders around the city 60 search of his home. He 61 (eventual) finds a new home and family in the embrace of Maria Argyriadis, a Greek researcher of toys who picks up the bear from the dustbin.
Along with the museum opening its doors in 2017, people were delighted to see the book 62 (print) in Greek. In 2019 at the Bologna Children's Book Fair in Italy, a Greek publisher showed the book to a Chinese publisher, who 63 (touch) by the story and decided to publish it in China. Due to the pandemic, Geroulanou has not been able to visit China yet, but she is looking forward to, when things get better, 64 (meet) with Chinese readers of her book. She says that both Greece and China have rich cultures and traditions dating back to ancient times, and 65 there is so much to learn from each other.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国的生肖很感兴趣，写信向你询问2022年是什么生肖。请你给他回复，内容包括：
1．简介中国的生肖；
2．虎年的寓意（勇敢、威严、福气、财富等）；
3．表达祝愿。
参考词汇：中国的生肖the Chinese zodiac；虎年the Year of the Tiger；威严dignity
注意：
词数80左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I grew up in a big family with my parents, my elder brother and sisters. They did all the things that I should do, including cleaning the house, washing clothes, making the bed and so on, so what I did at home was eating and sleeping. As time went on, I formed the habit of throwing my things everywhere. Once my family were out, what a mess my room was! My parents were worried about how I could manage myself when I had to leave home.
That day approached. This summer I was admitted by the best boarding school in our county. It was required that two students share one room. My roommate, Jenny, was a gentle and quiet girl. I was not very neat. On the contrary, Jenny was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Jenny got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.
War broke out between us one evening. Jenny came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started shouting. She shouted back louder.
The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Jenny answered it.
From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away that her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, crying.
Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart._________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
She was watching, tears dried and disbelief on her face.
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
重庆育才中学高2023级高二下学期
英语试题（一）答案
一、听力： 1-5 BCBBA 6-10 BBAAC 11-15 ABCAC 16-20 CACAB
二、阅读： 21-23 ADB 24-27 DBAC 28-31 ACBD 32-35 BBDC
七选五：36-40 CAGED
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个著名的灯塔。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“their shapes and colors stand out against the surrounding landscapes. Consequently, they make for some fantastic photo opportunities and are usually set in impressive spots along rocky coastlines or wild seas.(它们的形状和颜色与周围的景观相映成趣。因此，它们提供了一些极好的拍照机会，通常设置在岩石海岸线或野生海洋令人印象深刻的地点)”可知，灯塔的导航作用越来越被弱化，因其醒目的颜色和形状备受摄影爱好者青睐，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ever since the second century AD, Hercules Tower Lighthouse has watched out over Spain’s North Atlantic coastline. This remarkably makes it one of the very few oldest lighthouses still in operation today.(自公元二世纪以来，Hercules Tower Lighthouse一直守护着西班牙的北大西洋海岸线。这使它成为今天仍在运行的为数不多的最古老的灯塔之一)”可知，Hercules Tower Lighthouse是为数不多仍用于导航的灯塔。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Another unusual quality of Big Red is that the rare lighthouse watches over two bodies of water—Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan.(Big Red的另一个不同寻常的特点是，罕见的灯塔监视着马卡塔瓦湖和密歇根湖)”可知，Big Red 濒临两大湖。故选B。
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了飞行员Joel Boyers不畏洪水，驾驶直升飞机英勇救人的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Nashville-based helicopter pilot Joel Boyers had just finished his job on Saturday morning and was heading home when he received a call for help from a woman in Pennsylvania. Her brother Johnson’s home in Waverly, Tennessee, was underwater and he was trapped on a roof with his daughters.(总部位于纳什维尔的直升机飞行员乔尔·博尔斯周六早上刚完成工作，正在回家时，接到了宾夕法尼亚州一名妇女的求助电话。她的哥哥约翰逊在田纳西州韦弗利的家被淹了，他和女儿们被困在屋顶上)”可知，Joel Boyers接到一位陌生人的求救电话才飞去Waverly的。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Just before reaching the town, he found the Internet was down, making it impossible to locate the house he was looking for.(就在到达小镇之前，他发现互联网已经坏了，无法找到他要找的房子)”可知，找到约翰逊房子的最大的障碍是上不了网。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“He started flying up and down the flooded area, grabbing anyone he could. (他开始在洪水地区飞来飞去，营救任何能抓住的人)”和最后一段的“To perform the rescues, Boyers had to carefully avoid power lines, balance his skids on sloped rooftops, and fly over flood waters.(为了进行救援，Boyers必须小心地避开电线，在倾斜的屋顶上保持滑行平衡，飞过洪水)”以及全文可知Joel Boyers不畏艰险在洪水中奋力挽救受灾群众，由此可以推断他既乐于助人又十分英勇。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“To perform the rescues, Boyers had to carefully avoid power lines, balance his skids on sloped rooftops,and fly over flood waters.(为了进行救援，博耶斯必须小心地避开电线，在倾斜的屋顶上保持滑行平衡，飞过洪水)”以及全文可知Joel Boyers勇敢面对洪水，奋力救人，从而得出C项“勇敢面对洪水”为最佳标题。故选C。
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，春天的“封城”让巴塞罗那的街道和公园变成了一片充满野趣的田园，并激发了人们对城市与大自然关系的重新构想。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“they found that while the city had lain inactive, nature had been busy transforming the streets and parks into a wilderness.（他们发现，虽然这座城市一直处于闲置状态，但大自然一直在忙于将街道和公园改造成一片荒野）”可知，在去年6周的封锁期间巴塞罗那的环境变成了荒野。故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Pares says the council spent the previous two years working on plans to “naturalise” or “rewild” the city—and was about to announce this change of policy when the pandemic struck. （帕里斯说，该委员会在过去的两年里一直在制定计划，将这座城市“自然化”或“再野化”——委员会正准备宣布这一政策变化时，疫情爆发了）”可知，过去两年巴塞罗那一直在研究让城市“自然化”或“再野化”的政策，因为疫情搁置。由此可知划线词指的新政策就是上文提到的“naturalise” or “rewild” the city。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““In a city like Barcelona, it’s a case of replacing what exists with green infrastructure(基础建设),” says Lorena Escuer（在巴塞罗那这样的城市，这是一个用绿色基础设施取代现有基础设施的案例’Lorena Escuer说）”可知,Lorena Escuer 支持用绿色基础设施替换现有的基础设施。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Margarita Pares 说的话“There’s no going back from here. The lockdown gave us a glimpse of nature in the city and it surprised us(从这里没有回头路。封锁让我们得以一窥这座城市的自然风光，这让我们感到惊讶)”推知，Margarita Pares对再野化的态度是支持的。故选D。
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《心理科学》上的一项研究结果，人们会凭直觉使用更多的情感语言来增强说服力。即使适得其反，人们还是会继续使用情感来劝说。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“We tend to use more emotional language to enhance our powers of persuasion, according to research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. (根据发表在心理科学协会期刊《心理科学》上的一项研究，我们倾向于使用更多的情感语言来增强我们的说服力。)”可知，该研究解释了人们在说服时会使用更多的情感语言以增强说服力，由此可知，该研究主要是探索了情感和劝说之间的联系。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The findings showed that although the reviews were equally positive in their language, the data showed that reviewers used more emotional language when they were trying to persuade readers to buy a product compared with when they were writing a five-star review without intending to persuade. Importantly, the shift toward more emotional language appeared to be automatic rather than deliberative.(研究结果表明，尽管这些评论在语言上都是积极的，但数据显示，与写五星级评论而不打算说服读者相比，评论者在试图说服读者购买产品时使用了更多的情感语言。重要的是，语言倾向于情感化的转变似乎是自发的，而不是深思熟虑的。)”可知，该研究发现评论者在在试图说服读者购买产品时使用了更多的情感语言，语言倾向于情感化的转变似乎是自然而然的。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。分析语境可知，后文的话是对划线单词所在句的进一步解释。根据后文内容“Our findings indicate that there is such a strong enough connection between persuasion and emotion in people’s minds that they continue to use emotion even in the face of an audience where that approach can have an unintended result.(我们的研究结果表明，在人们的头脑中，说服和情感之间有着足够强的联系，以至于他们甚至在面对可能产生意外结果的听众时，也会继续使用情感。)”可知，即使人们在说服有可能产生意外劝说结果的听众时，也会使用情感说服这一策略，即为划线单词所在句“Past research indicates that emotional appeals can backfire when an audience prefers unemotional appeals”表达的含义，由此可推知，“backfire”应是与“have an unintended result”表达含义一致，即，“产生事与愿违或适得其反的结果”，与选项D“Have the opposite effect.(有相反的效果。)”表达含义一致。故选D项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“An interesting avenue for future research, the researchers say, is to investigate whether the association transfers across various contexts. (研究人员说，未来研究的一个有趣途径是调查这种关联是否会在不同的背景下转移。)”可知，研究人员对于“情感与劝说之间的联系在不同背景下的是否会有所不同”感兴趣，由此可推知，未来的研究方向是考察情感和劝说之间的联系是否涉及其他领域。故选C项。
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. G 39. E 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们会通常不记得自己昨天吃过什么这一现象及其背后的原因。
【36题详解】
上文“But can you be sure you’ve noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk （但是你能确定你已经记下了你车里的每一家小吃店，或者你桌上的每一把坚果吗？）”说明人们一般不确定自己具体吃了什么，C项“大多数人会觉得他们漏掉了什么。”进一步说明人们不确定自己吃过的食物，符合题意。故选C。
【37题详解】
下文“We can point to at least three potential causes.（我们可以指出至少三个潜在的原因。）”说明要指出至少三个潜在的原因，A项“为什么会这样？”提问原因，符合题意。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to slim down has been increasing over time.”（另一个原因是，随着时间的推移，试图减肥的人的比例一直在增加）以及下文“It may be driven partly by self-deception or “wishful thinking”.（它可能部分是由自我欺骗或“一厢情愿的想法”驱动的。）”说明人们减肥失败的原因，G项“那些想减肥的人更可能低估自己的饮食。”与下文构成因果关系，符合题意。故选G。
【39题详解】
下文“Both are in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake.（这两种情况都取决于它们发生的频率以及它们对我们整体能量摄入的贡献。）”说明空处应介绍两种情况，E项中snacking and eating out是关键词，说明零食和外出就餐这两种情况，E项“最后一个问题是最近零食和外出就餐的增加。”符合题意。故选E。
【40题详解】
上文“If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet.（如果人们不知道自己吃了多少，那么他们很难坚持节食。）”说明人们很难坚持节食的原因，空处应说明寻找解决问题的方法，D项“我们应该寻找处理这个问题的新方法。”符合题意。故选D。
三、完形填空
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. C
46. A 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. C
51. B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一名餐馆老板闲暇时间修理故障汽车并赠送给一名经历创伤的老妇人的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，她33岁的儿子死于癌症。A. won赢得；B. survived幸存；C. fought战斗；D. lost丢失。从后文中的“I don't have my baby”可以看出，她的儿子在与癌症的搏斗中失去了性命，所以应该选用lost。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来她汽车的发动机坏了，她没钱修。A. fired点火；B. disappeared消失；C. failed失败，出故障；D. ran奔跑。从后文中的“When it broke down, I broke down”可知，车坏了，因此应选用failed。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怎样才能在未来的生活中保持积极？A. stay停留，保持；B. prove证明；C. fall落下；D. appear出现。从前文中可看出Melanie Lee女士经历了巨大的创伤，所以此处是她如何在将来的生活中继续保持乐观，因此应选用stay。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾略特 米德尔顿是一家餐馆的老板，他以前是一名技工，在空闲时间修理和赠送二手车。A. garage车库；B. restaurant餐厅；C. grocery杂货店；D. shop商店。从后文中的“his restaurant”可见艾略特是一个餐馆的老板，因此应选用restaurant。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从李的侄子、市长弗兰克·麦克那里了解到了她的困境。A. danger危险；B. confusion困惑；C. dilemma困境；D. hesitation犹豫。从第一段的“the engine of her car 42, and she couldn't afford to have it fixed”可知Melanie Lee遇到了巨大的困难。因此，应该选用dilemma。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节早晨，米德尔顿突然出现在李的家中，带着一份礼物：一辆1993年的奥兹莫比尔。A. unannounced未经宣布的；B. unspoken无言的；C. unanswered没有回答的；D. unemployed失业的。根据后文中的“I had no idea what was going on”可见艾略特没有告知李就来到了她家门口，unannounced最符合上下文要求。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他把钥匙递给我，什么也没要。”A. cars汽车；B. wheels轮子；C. wages工资；D. keys钥匙。根据动词“handed”可知此处艾略特交给李的应该是车钥匙，而不是其它物件。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年前，米德尔顿在他组织一次食品捐赠活动中萌生了捐赠二手车的想法，当时，许多人排队购买一顿饭，要走4英里才能到那里。A. donation捐赠；B. purchase购买物；C. promotion晋升；D. introduction介绍。根据前文的“repairs and gives away used cars”可知此处应是donation。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年前，米德尔顿在他组织的一次食品捐赠活动中萌生了捐赠二手车的想法，当时，许多人排队购买一顿饭，要走4英里才能到那里。A. cycled骑车；B. walked散步；C. sailed航海；D. drove驾驶。根据Middleton的捐车想法和下文出现的“There's no public transportation”可知此处使用walked 最能体现出没有交通工具给人们带来的困扰，以及汽车在小镇上的必要性。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：米德尔顿在接受哥伦比亚广播公司采访时表示：“在这个城镇，汽车是必不可少的。A. appropriate合适的；B. convenient方便的；C. necessary必要的；D. advisable明智的。根据后文中的“There's no public transportation to take people to schools, hospitals, even food shopping”可知汽车在小镇上是“necessary（必要的）”。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他在Facebook上发帖，提议用自己餐馆的烤排骨去换出故障的汽车。A. take带走；B. trade交易，交换；C. provide提供；D. buy购买。根据下文“barbecued ribs of his restaurant for broken-down vehicles”，可知此处应该表达用烤排骨去交换抛锚的车辆。除traded以外，其他动词搭配意思有误。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，朋友和陌生人送来了100多辆年久失修的汽车。A. showed off炫耀；B. given off发出；C. put off推迟；D. dropped off下车，顺道放下。根据后文“over 100 cars in disrepair”可知，此处应该表达朋友与陌生人顺道送来了100余辆失修的汽车，drop off意为“顺道放下/送来”最符合文意。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多车在米德尔顿的院子里，等待被修复和捐赠，通常是给那些通过口口相传听说过他的人。A. borrowed借来；B. offered提供；C. fixed修理；D. operated操作。根据前文的“repairs and gives away used cars”和后文“donated, usually to those”可知很多车辆是停在后院等待被修理和捐赠，因此fixed最符合文意。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多车在米德尔顿的院子里，等待被修复和捐赠，通常是给那些通过口口相传听说过他的人。A. mouth嘴巴；B. foot脚；C. leg腿；D. ear耳朵。根据上下文，此处应该要表达口口相传之意，因此固定搭配word of mouth最符合文意。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“人们认为艾略特是一个大善人，”麦克拉里告诉NBC，“我也是。”A. mechanic机械工；B. angel天使，大善人；C. defender保护者；D. guardian监护人。根据上下文，此处应该表达对艾略特的感激之情。angel可表达“大善人”的意思，因此最符合文意。故选B。
四、语法填空
【答案】56. has become 57. an 58. educator 59. which 60. in
61. eventually 62. printed 63. was touched 64. meeting 65. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是童话故事书《很久很久以前，一只熊》。
【56题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：半个世纪前在垃圾桶里发现的一只黄色泰迪熊，自2017年雅典贝纳基玩具博物馆开放以来，已经成为该博物馆的明星展品。由空后“since”可知此处用现在完成时，主语bear是单数，空格处用has become。故填has become。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这只爱冒险熊在欧洲是一件与童年有关的重要收藏品。它还通过希腊教育家兼作家埃莱尼·格鲁拉努(Eleni Geroulanou)撰写的一本儿童读物进入中国。此处表泛指，表示“一个重要的收藏品”，前面需加不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，故填an。
【58题详解】
考杳名词。句意：这只爱冒险的熊在欧洲是一件与童年有关的重要收藏品。它还通过希腊教育家兼作家埃莱尼·格鲁拉努(Eleni Geroulanou)撰写的一本儿童读物进入中国。“and”前后连接同一成份，由“author”可知此空填educator，意为“教育家”，且指的是一个人，空格处用单数，故填educator。
【59题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在她的童话故事《很久很久以前，一只熊》中，这只泰迪熊在城里四处游荡，寻找自己的家。这本书已经被中国河北儿童出版社翻译成中文并出版。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词Once upon a time，a bear是一本书，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在她的童话故事《很久很久以前，一只熊》中，这只泰迪熊在城里四处游荡，寻找自己的家。这本书已经被中国河北儿童出版社翻译成中文并出版。in search of是固定短语，意为“寻找”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：他最终在Maria Argyriadis的怀抱中找到了新家和家人，Maria Argyriadis是一位希腊玩具研究人员，她从垃圾箱里捡起了这只熊。修饰动词“finds”应用副词形式，即eventually，意为“最终”，故填eventually。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着博物馆2017年的开放，人们很高兴看到这本书是用希腊语印刷的。句中谓语是were delighted，空格处用非谓语动词，“print”与“book”为被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填printed。
【63题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2019年，在意大利博洛尼亚儿童书展上，一位希腊出版商将这本书展示给了一位中国出版商，后者被这个故事所感动，决定在中国出版这本书。“who”代指“a Chinese publisher”，是单数，与“touch”为被动关系，由时间状语“In 2019”和主句谓语动词“showed”可知空格处是一般过去时的被动语态was touched。故填was touched。
【64题详解】
考查动名词。句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，Geroulanou目前还未能访问中国，但她期待在形势好转时，与她的书的中国读者见面。look forward to（doing）sth.意为“盼望（做）某事”，此结构中to为介词，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填meeting。
【65题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：她说，希腊和中国都有着源远流长的丰富文化和传统，彼此之间有很多值得学习的地方。and前后连接两个宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，用that引导宾语从句，第二个宾语从句引导词that不能省略。故填that。
五、书面表达
作文一：
Dear Peter,
Knowing that you’re keen on the Chinese zodiac, I am writing to introduce it to you.
The Chinese zodiac, also called shengxiao, is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It follows a twelve-year cycle according to the Chinese lunar calendar, with each year represented by a kind of animal, starting from Rat to Pig. 2022 is the Year of the Tiger. In our traditional culture, not only is Tiger considered a symbol of bravery and dignity, but it also stands for wealth and fortune.
May the Year of the Tiger bring you happiness and good luck!
Yours,
Li Hua
作文二：
All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart. I tried to comfort her, but I didn’t know what to say. The only thing that I needed to do was to tidy up the room to show my care. And I also understood it was time for me to change myself. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor. I was so buried in my work that I even didn’t notice Jenny had sat up.
She was watching, her tears dried and disbelief on her face. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me “Thanks.” We made up! Jenny and I lived together for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree. However, we learned the key to living together: mutual understanding, forgiving and giving in.
听力原文：
Text 1
W: How much is a stamp to send a letter to France by airmail, please
M: That’ll be 50 cents.
W: OK. I’ll take four stamps, please. (1)
Text 2
M: Excuse me. I’m looking for a cotton polo shirt. Can you do me a favor
W: Of course. How about this blue cotton shirt It’s the latest fashion.
M: I like the design, but I don’t care for the color. Do you have that in other colors (2)
Text 3
W: Excuse me, sir I think this is my seat. You see My ticket says Row 27, seat “C”.
M: Oh, you’re right. I must have read my ticket wrong. (3)
Text 4
W: I’ve been waiting for this movie to arrive at the cinema for so long. And now it’s here! I can’t wait to see it. (4)
M: I hope you’re not disappointed. I’ve heard people say that it has quite a sad ending.
W: I don’t care.
Text 5
M: I can’t go to the party tomorrow night. I have just recovered from flu and I don’t feel like a night out. (5)
W: I understand. And the exam the next day is very important, so you must get to bed early.
Text 6 (第7题为推断题)
M: Hello, Susan. I heard you are not feeling very well. What is it
W: I am getting the flu. I think I got it from my assistant. It’s been going around the office.
M: It’s that time of year. It always happens when the seasons change. What kind of medicine have you been taking
W: Just some basic stuff from the drugstore. I think I just need some rest.
M: All right, take the rest of the day off. (6) I’ll call someone else to come in this afternoon.
W: Thanks, Mr. Jackson.
Text 7
M: Hello, my clerk said you asked to speak to the manager. (8) How can I help you
W: I bought this radio here on Saturday but it doesn’t work. (8) (9) As soon as I got it out of the box at home, I knew there was something wrong. I can’t tune it in to any station. The shop assistant said I should speak to you.
M: I’m sorry to hear that. Would you like a refund or do you want another model
W: I think I would like to choose another one. (9) I’m not confident about this model.
M: That’s fine. You can look around the store and choose whatever you like. (8)
Text 8
M: Mom, did you wash my blue jeans They are my favorite jeans. (10) (11) I would like to wear them today. (10)
W: I remember washing some black ones and some grey ones. I don’t remember any blue ones.
M: The black ones will be OK then. But I wonder where the blue ones are. I haven’t worn them for two weeks.
W: Oh well, they may be in your cupboard. Did you look there
M: No, I just looked in my drawer.
W: Oh, here they are in the box. (11) Well, at least you can wear what you wanted to wear. (10) Where are you going (12) To the mall again
M: One of my friends wanted to go to the cinema and the other wanted to go to a restaurant. We decided a movie was the best idea. (12)
Text 9 (第13题为总结题)
W: Ah, good to see you. We thought it would be better to have a guide to show us around the city.
M: You made the right decision. Chester has many attractions, but you need to know where they are.
W: So where should we start
M: Right here, at the city walls. They were first built by the Romans in 71 AD. (14)
W: Wow, so old
M: Yes, although they were added to in 310 AD and 1300 AD.
W: Is the rest of the city that old
M: A lot of it is very ancient. There are many streets where you can see very old shops. They are all close together, so you don’t need a bus or a car to get to them.
W: I want to see the Grosvenor Museum after the city walls. (15)
M: Of course, but the thing you must see is the Rows. (16)
W: What is that
M: The old shopping center. It is very beautiful and made of wood with many old carvings. We can walk there from the Grosvenor Museum. (16)
W: Fantastic. (16) We are going to enjoy ourselves.
Text 10 (第20题为总结题)
Hello, there. My name is Tony. I am your guide for this lab tour for new employees. (17) (18) (19) Let me explain a little about it. As you may have been told already, there is a safety meeting once a week. (17) I expect you to do all to know the lab safety rules and be able to answer questions on them when necessary. There will be a brief test every two weeks. How you perform in these tests will be noted in your personnel file and could affect your salary. The most important information I want to give you now is about safety and cleanliness. First of all, the only acceptable shoes are sports shoes. (18) Don’t wear jackets, necklaces, or loose belts. Second, everything must be kept clean. This is extremely important. Wash your hands before handling any equipment. Tools and jars may not always look clean or new, but they have all been cleaned so that they are free of bacteria. You must never pass any bacteria from your hands. (19) OK, any questions
英语试题（一）
第I卷（满分95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much will the woman pay for the stamps
A. $1. B. $2. C. $4.
2. What does the man dislike about the shirt
A. Its material. B. Its design. C. Its color.
3. What does the man mean
A. He got a wrong ticket. B. He sat in the wrong seat. C. He wants to change seats.
4. How does the woman feel
A. Sad. B. Excited. C. Disappointed.
5. Why won’t the boy go to the party tomorrow night
A. He has just recovered from sickness.
B. He has an exam that night.
C. He doesn’t like parties.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Take some medicine. B. Go home. C. Call someone.
7. Who might the man be
A. The woman’s doctor. B. The woman’s boss. C. The woman’s assistant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a shop. B. At home. C. At a radio station.
9. What would the woman like to do
A. Choose a new radio. B. Have her radio fixed. C. Get her money back.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which color jeans will the man be wearing
A. Grey. B. Black. C. Blue.
11. Where are the man’s favorite jeans
A. In the box. B. In the drawer. C. In the cupboard.
12. Where is the man going
A. To a mall. B. To a cinema. C. To a restaurant.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man doing
A. Asking for advice. B. Giving directions. C. Guiding tourists.
14. When were the walls first built
A. In 71 AD. B. In 310 AD. C. In 1300 AD.
15. What does the woman want to see for the second stop
A. The old shops. B. The wooden carvings. C. The Grosvenor Museum.
16. How will the speakers go to the Rows
A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many safety meetings will the employees have every week
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
18. What are the employees allowed to wear in the lab
A. Necklaces. B. Loose belts. C. Sports shoes.
19. Why should the employees wash their hands
A. To avoid bacteria. B. To preserve new equipment. C. To make equipment look clean.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. Salaries the employees will receive.
B. Rules the employees should follow.
C. Work the employees will do.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Set at the entrance to beautiful bays and natural harbors, lighthouses have prevented ships from touching the ground in shallow water for hundreds of years. Sadly, however, many of them are not needed because of effective onboard navigational (导航的) systems. As they were designed to be visible, lighthouses often become very distinctive landmarks: their shapes and colors stand out against the surrounding landscapes. Consequently, they make for some fantastic photo opportunities and are usually set in impressive spots along rocky coastlines or wild seas.
Galle Lighthouse
Located within the ancient walls of Galle Fort, the lighthouse of the same name has protected the surrounding waters ever since it was first built in 1848. While it is the oldest lighthouse in the whole of Sri Lanka, the current lighthouse’s blindingly bright white walls only date back to 1939, when it was rebuilt after a devastating fire.
Hercules Tower Lighthouse
Ever since the second century AD, Hercules Tower Lighthouse has watched out over Spain’s North Atlantic coastline. This remarkably makes it one of the very few oldest lighthouses still in operation today. Such is its age that it is believed to have been modeled after the Lighthouse of Alexandria—one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Big Red Lighthouse
Standing proudly at the south side of the Holland Channel, Big Red Lighthouse presents a striking red appearance to increase its visibility in the daytime. Another unusual quality of Big Red is that the rare lighthouse watches over two bodies of water—Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan.
21. Who are probably the fans of lighthouses nowadays
A. Photographers. B. Historians. C. Sailors. D. Scientists.
22. Which of the following is currently used for navigation
A. Galle Lighthouse. B. The Lighthouse of Alexandria.
C. Big Red Lighthouse. D. Hercules Tower Lighthouse.
23. What is special about Big Red Lighthouse
A. It has the same name as the ancient walls. B. It borders Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan.
C. It gives off red light to increase its visibility. D. It is modeled after the ancient wonder.
B
Nashville-based helicopter pilot Joel Boyers had just finished his job on Saturday morning and was heading home when he received a call for help from a woman in Pennsylvania. Her brother Johnson’s home in Waverly, Tennessee, was underwater and he was trapped on a roof with his daughters. Could Boyers help “I thought how I would feel if I told her I was not even going to try ” he said in a Thursday interview. “She just so happened to call the right person, because I’m the only person crazy enough to even try to do that.”
The weather was terrible and Boyers had to deal with hills and power lines on the way to Waverly, a small city about 60 miles west of Nashville. Just before reaching the town, he found the Internet was down, making it impossible to locate the house he was looking for. He flew on anyway.
“When I arrived, it was nothing but raging water below me,” he said. A few people were out in boats, rescuing the trapped. Boyers was alone in the sky. He started flying up and down the flooded area, grabbing anyone he could.
Boyers said he ended up rescuing 17 people that day. He was proud of that, but said he was the one who should be thanking them. “I literally prayed just days before this that I would be given some meaning in my life, and then I end up getting this call,” he said. He had flown over disasters before including floods, but “The police are usually there, and my hands are tied. This time there isn’t any.” he said.
To perform the rescues, Boyers had to carefully avoid power lines, balance his skids (打滑) on sloped rooftops, and fly over flood waters. It took all the skills learned over 16 years of flying, including for a television news station, for documentaries and for country music stars. “I don’t want to lie,” he said. “It was almost a little fun for me.”
24. Why did Boyers fly to Waverly？
A. Because he had to do his routine tasks. B. Because his brother was caught in the flood.
C. Because he was going to have an interview. D. Because he received an emergency call.
25. What was the biggest obstacle to finding Johnson’s house？
A. A long distance. B. The Internet failure. C. High mountains. D. Fallen power lines.
26. Which of the following best describes Boyers？
A. Caring and courageous. B. Ambitious and demanding.
C. Modest and creative. D. Humorous and cooperative.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？
A. Surviving a Crisis B. Performing a Task C. Braving a Flood D. Testing Flight Skills
C
When Barcelona’s citizens emerged from a six-week lockdown at the end of April last year, they found that while the city had lain inactive, nature had been busy transforming the streets and parks into a wilderness. “The parks were shut, so no gardening was carried out,” says Margarita Pares, who heads the city’s biodiversity programme. “It was spring and it rained a lot more than usual. The result was an explosion in plant growth. And there were many more butterflies, as they are a species that reacts very quickly to changes in the environment.”
Once the gardeners went back to work, the question was whether to return everything to its neat and tidy state, or let nature take its course？The answer is neither. Pares says the council spent the previous two years working on plans to “naturalise” or “rewild” the city—and was about to announce this change of policy when the pandemic struck. By the time the lockdown ended, it was a lot easier to sell rewilding to the public desiring fresh air and open space. When it comes to embracing nature in its cities, Spain falls behind many countries. But it is hoped that Barcelona’s new policy will go some way to correcting that.
“In a city like Barcelona, it’s a case of replacing what exists with green infrastructure(基础建设),” says Lorena Escuer who has worked in Barcelona on a pilot scheme called Alcorques Vivos, which plants wildflowers at the base of trees in the streets rather than surrounding them with pavement. “It’s not having a park surrounded by asphalt(沥青)but introducing nature into the city,” she says. “People need re-educating. Their idea of a clean space is where there’s no life and the ecosystem is dead. There’s this idea that nature is something outside and that what’s natural for the city is for there to be nothing.”
“Rewilding has made us look at how we live and how we want to live. There’s no going back from here. The lockdown gave us a glimpse of nature in the city and it surprised us,” says Margarita Pares.
28. What happened to Barcelona after a six-week lockdown last year？
A. The environment became wild. B. Plants stopped growing.
C. Gardening was abolished. D. Fewer butterflies emerged.
29. What does the underlined phrase “new policy” in paragraph 2 refer to？
A. Returning Barcelona to neatness and tidiness. B. Filling open space with fitness facilities.
C. “Naturalising” or “rewilding” Barcelona. D. Developing economy to shake off backwardness.
30. Which of the following will Lorena Escuer probably support？
A. Surrounding trees with pavement. B. Promoting green infrastructure.
C. Building park roads with asphalt. D. Keeping the city empty and clean.
31. What is Margarita Pares’s attitude to “rewilding”？
A. Doubtful. B. Intolerant. C. Unclear. D. Favorable.
D
We tend to use more emotional language to enhance our powers of persuasion, according to research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. The research shows that people tend toward appeals that aren’t simply more positive or negative but are filled with emotionality, even when they’re trying to persuade an audience that may not be receptive to such language.
Understanding the components that make for a persuasive message is a critical focus of fields ranging from advertising to politics and even public health. The researchers wanted to look at the question from a different angle, exploring how we communicate with others when we are the ones trying to persuade.
In one online study, the researchers showed 1,285 participants a photo and some relevant details for a particular product available from Amazon.com. They asked some participants to write a five-star review that would persuade readers to purchase that product, while they asked others to write a five-star review that simply described the product’s positive features. The findings showed that although the reviews were equally positive in their language, the data showed that reviewers used more emotional language when they were trying to persuade readers to buy a product compared with when they were writing a five-star review without intending to persuade. Importantly, the shift toward more emotional language appeared to be automatic rather than deliberative.
The tendency to use more emotional language emerged even when participants were attempting to persuade a group of “rational” thinkers. “Past research indicates that emotional appeals can backfire when an audience prefers unemotional appeals,” the researchers say. “Our findings indicate that there is such a strong enough connection between persuasion and emotion in people’s minds that they continue to use emotion even in the face of an audience where that approach can have an unintended result.”
An interesting avenue for future research, the researchers say, is to investigate whether the association transfers across various contexts. “For instance, would people use less emotion if they were in a boardroom meeting or if they were writing a formal letter of recommendation ” the researchers wonder.
32. What is the study mainly about
A. The influence of positive words. B. The connection between emotion and persuasion.
C. The significance of understanding persuasion. D. The power of emotional language.
33. What did the online study find in paragraph 3
A. More positive language was used for persuasion.
B. Emotional language was naturally used to persuade readers.
C. Less emotional language was used to persuade readers.
D. Both of the reviews were objective in their language.
34. What does the underlined word “backfire” mean in paragraph 4
A. Damage the reputation. B. Produce the desired result.
C. Attract more attention. D. Have the opposite effect.
35. What does the last paragraph indicate
A. More research will be carried out in a boardroom meeting.
B. The researchers are not satisfied with the current avenue.
C. Future research will be done in various contexts.
D. A formal letter of recommendation should use less emotion.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can you remember what you ate yesterday If asked, most people will be able to give a vague description of their main meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner. But can you be sure you’ve noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk 36
We originally had this suspicion back in 2016, puzzled by the fact that national statistics showed calorie consumption falling dramatically over past decades. Now, the Office for National Statistics has confirmed that people are considerably under-reporting what they ate by 50%.
37 We can point to at least three potential causes. One is the rise in obesity levels itself. Under-reporting rates are much higher for obese people, because they simply consume more food, and thus have more to remember.
Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to slim down has been increasing over time. 38 It may be driven partly by self-deception or “wishful thinking”.
39 Both are in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake. Again, there is evidence that food consumed out of the home is one of the most poorly recorded categories in surveys.
So, what’s the message conveyed If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet. 40 Therefore, we can ensure what people eat won’t have much impact on their waistlines. If this works, it won’t matter if they can’t remember what they ate yesterday.
A. Why is this happening
B. What will come about next
C. Most people will feel that they’ve missed something out.
D. We should be looking for new ways to handle this problem.
E. The final one is an increase in snacking and eating out recently.
F. People are consuming more calories than the national statistics claim.
G. Those who want to lose weight are more likely to under-report their eating.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Christmas 2020 was a heartbreaker for Melanie Lee. A few weeks earlier, her 33-year-old son had 41 his battle with cancer. Then the engine of her car 42 , and she couldn't afford to have it fixed.
“When it broke down, I broke down,” Lee told CNN. “Now I don't have my baby or transportation. How can I 43 active in my future life ”
Eliot Middleton is the owner of a 44 and former mechanic who, in his free time, repairs and gives away used cars. He'd learnt Lee’s 45 from her nephew Frank McClary, the mayor of the town. On Christmas morning, Middleton showed up 46 at Lee’s home with a gift: a 1993 Oldsmobile.
“I had no idea what was going on,” said Lee. “He handed me the 47 and asked for nothing.”
The idea for the used-car 48 came to Middleton a year earlier during a food drive he'd organized when many lining up for a meal 49 up to four miles to get there.
“Cars are 50 in this town, ” Middleton told CBS. “There’s no public transportation to take people to schools, hospitals, even food shopping.” So he posted on Facebook an offer to 51 barbecued ribs of his restaurant for broken-down vehicles. Since then, friends and strangers have 52 over 100 cars in disrepair. Many sit in Middleton's yard waiting to be 53 and donated, usually to those he's heard about through word of 54 .
“People think Eliot is a(n) 55 ,” McClary told NBC. “And I do too.”
41. A. won B. survived C. fought D. lost
42. A. fired B. disappeared C. failed D. ran
43. A. stay B. prоvе C. fall D. appear
44. A. garage B. restaurant C. grocery D. shop
45. A. danger B. confusion C. dilemma D. hesitation
46. A. unannounced B. unspoken C. unanswered D. unemployed
47. A. cars B. wheels C. wages D. keys
48. A. donation B. purchase C. promotion D. introduction
49. A. cycled B. walked C. sailed D. drove
50. A. appropriate B. convenient C. necessary D. advisable
51. A. take B. trade C. provide D. buy
52. A. showed off B. given off C. put off D. dropped off
53. A. borrowed B. offered C. fixed D. operated
54. A. mouth B. foot C. leg D. ear
55. A. mechanic B. angel C. defender D. guardian
第II卷 （满分55分）
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A yellow teddy bear, found in a dustbin half a century ago, 56 (become) a star exhibit of the Benaki Museum of Toys in Athens since the museum opened in 2017. The adventurous bear, 57 important collection item in Europe associated with childhood, has also reached China through a children's book written by Greek 58 (educate) and author Eleni Geroulanou. In her fairy tale Once upon a time, a bear, 59 has been translated into Chinese and published by China's Hebei Children's Publishing House, the teddy bear wanders around the city 60 search of his home. He 61 (eventual) finds a new home and family in the embrace of Maria Argyriadis, a Greek researcher of toys who picks up the bear from the dustbin.
Along with the museum opening its doors in 2017, people were delighted to see the book 62 (print) in Greek. In 2019 at the Bologna Children's Book Fair in Italy, a Greek publisher showed the book to a Chinese publisher, who 63 (touch) by the story and decided to publish it in China. Due to the pandemic, Geroulanou has not been able to visit China yet, but she is looking forward to, when things get better, 64 (meet) with Chinese readers of her book. She says that both Greece and China have rich cultures and traditions dating back to ancient times, and 65 there is so much to learn from each other.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国的生肖很感兴趣，写信向你询问2022年是什么生肖。请你给他回复，内容包括：
1．简介中国的生肖；
2．虎年的寓意（勇敢、威严、福气、财富等）；
3．表达祝愿。
参考词汇：中国的生肖the Chinese zodiac；虎年the Year of the Tiger；威严dignity
注意：
词数80左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I grew up in a big family with my parents, my elder brother and sisters. They did all the things that I should do, including cleaning the house, washing clothes, making the bed and so on, so what I did at home was eating and sleeping. As time went on, I formed the habit of throwing my things everywhere. Once my family were out, what a mess my room was! My parents were worried about how I could manage myself when I had to leave home.
That day approached. This summer I was admitted by the best boarding school in our county. It was required that two students share one room. My roommate, Jenny, was a gentle and quiet girl. I was not very neat. On the contrary, Jenny was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Jenny got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.
War broke out between us one evening. Jenny came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started shouting. She shouted back louder.
The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Jenny answered it.
From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away that her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, crying.
Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart._________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
She was watching, tears dried and disbelief on her face.
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
重庆育才中学高2023级高二下学期
英语试题（一）答案
一、听力： 1-5 BCBBA 6-10 BBAAC 11-15 ABCAC 16-20 CACAB
二、阅读： 21-23 ADB 24-27 DBAC 28-31 ACBD 32-35 BBDC
七选五：36-40 CAGED
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个著名的灯塔。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“their shapes and colors stand out against the surrounding landscapes. Consequently, they make for some fantastic photo opportunities and are usually set in impressive spots along rocky coastlines or wild seas.(它们的形状和颜色与周围的景观相映成趣。因此，它们提供了一些极好的拍照机会，通常设置在岩石海岸线或野生海洋令人印象深刻的地点)”可知，灯塔的导航作用越来越被弱化，因其醒目的颜色和形状备受摄影爱好者青睐，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ever since the second century AD, Hercules Tower Lighthouse has watched out over Spain’s North Atlantic coastline. This remarkably makes it one of the very few oldest lighthouses still in operation today.(自公元二世纪以来，Hercules Tower Lighthouse一直守护着西班牙的北大西洋海岸线。这使它成为今天仍在运行的为数不多的最古老的灯塔之一)”可知，Hercules Tower Lighthouse是为数不多仍用于导航的灯塔。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Another unusual quality of Big Red is that the rare lighthouse watches over two bodies of water—Lake Macatawa and Lake Michigan.(Big Red的另一个不同寻常的特点是，罕见的灯塔监视着马卡塔瓦湖和密歇根湖)”可知，Big Red 濒临两大湖。故选B。
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了飞行员Joel Boyers不畏洪水，驾驶直升飞机英勇救人的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Nashville-based helicopter pilot Joel Boyers had just finished his job on Saturday morning and was heading home when he received a call for help from a woman in Pennsylvania. Her brother Johnson’s home in Waverly, Tennessee, was underwater and he was trapped on a roof with his daughters.(总部位于纳什维尔的直升机飞行员乔尔·博尔斯周六早上刚完成工作，正在回家时，接到了宾夕法尼亚州一名妇女的求助电话。她的哥哥约翰逊在田纳西州韦弗利的家被淹了，他和女儿们被困在屋顶上)”可知，Joel Boyers接到一位陌生人的求救电话才飞去Waverly的。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Just before reaching the town, he found the Internet was down, making it impossible to locate the house he was looking for.(就在到达小镇之前，他发现互联网已经坏了，无法找到他要找的房子)”可知，找到约翰逊房子的最大的障碍是上不了网。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“He started flying up and down the flooded area, grabbing anyone he could. (他开始在洪水地区飞来飞去，营救任何能抓住的人)”和最后一段的“To perform the rescues, Boyers had to carefully avoid power lines, balance his skids on sloped rooftops, and fly over flood waters.(为了进行救援，Boyers必须小心地避开电线，在倾斜的屋顶上保持滑行平衡，飞过洪水)”以及全文可知Joel Boyers不畏艰险在洪水中奋力挽救受灾群众，由此可以推断他既乐于助人又十分英勇。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“To perform the rescues, Boyers had to carefully avoid power lines, balance his skids on sloped rooftops,and fly over flood waters.(为了进行救援，博耶斯必须小心地避开电线，在倾斜的屋顶上保持滑行平衡，飞过洪水)”以及全文可知Joel Boyers勇敢面对洪水，奋力救人，从而得出C项“勇敢面对洪水”为最佳标题。故选C。
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，春天的“封城”让巴塞罗那的街道和公园变成了一片充满野趣的田园，并激发了人们对城市与大自然关系的重新构想。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“they found that while the city had lain inactive, nature had been busy transforming the streets and parks into a wilderness.（他们发现，虽然这座城市一直处于闲置状态，但大自然一直在忙于将街道和公园改造成一片荒野）”可知，在去年6周的封锁期间巴塞罗那的环境变成了荒野。故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Pares says the council spent the previous two years working on plans to “naturalise” or “rewild” the city—and was about to announce this change of policy when the pandemic struck. （帕里斯说，该委员会在过去的两年里一直在制定计划，将这座城市“自然化”或“再野化”——委员会正准备宣布这一政策变化时，疫情爆发了）”可知，过去两年巴塞罗那一直在研究让城市“自然化”或“再野化”的政策，因为疫情搁置。由此可知划线词指的新政策就是上文提到的“naturalise” or “rewild” the city。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““In a city like Barcelona, it’s a case of replacing what exists with green infrastructure(基础建设),” says Lorena Escuer（在巴塞罗那这样的城市，这是一个用绿色基础设施取代现有基础设施的案例’Lorena Escuer说）”可知,Lorena Escuer 支持用绿色基础设施替换现有的基础设施。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Margarita Pares 说的话“There’s no going back from here. The lockdown gave us a glimpse of nature in the city and it surprised us(从这里没有回头路。封锁让我们得以一窥这座城市的自然风光，这让我们感到惊讶)”推知，Margarita Pares对再野化的态度是支持的。故选D。
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《心理科学》上的一项研究结果，人们会凭直觉使用更多的情感语言来增强说服力。即使适得其反，人们还是会继续使用情感来劝说。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“We tend to use more emotional language to enhance our powers of persuasion, according to research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. (根据发表在心理科学协会期刊《心理科学》上的一项研究，我们倾向于使用更多的情感语言来增强我们的说服力。)”可知，该研究解释了人们在说服时会使用更多的情感语言以增强说服力，由此可知，该研究主要是探索了情感和劝说之间的联系。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The findings showed that although the reviews were equally positive in their language, the data showed that reviewers used more emotional language when they were trying to persuade readers to buy a product compared with when they were writing a five-star review without intending to persuade. Importantly, the shift toward more emotional language appeared to be automatic rather than deliberative.(研究结果表明，尽管这些评论在语言上都是积极的，但数据显示，与写五星级评论而不打算说服读者相比，评论者在试图说服读者购买产品时使用了更多的情感语言。重要的是，语言倾向于情感化的转变似乎是自发的，而不是深思熟虑的。)”可知，该研究发现评论者在在试图说服读者购买产品时使用了更多的情感语言，语言倾向于情感化的转变似乎是自然而然的。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。分析语境可知，后文的话是对划线单词所在句的进一步解释。根据后文内容“Our findings indicate that there is such a strong enough connection between persuasion and emotion in people’s minds that they continue to use emotion even in the face of an audience where that approach can have an unintended result.(我们的研究结果表明，在人们的头脑中，说服和情感之间有着足够强的联系，以至于他们甚至在面对可能产生意外结果的听众时，也会继续使用情感。)”可知，即使人们在说服有可能产生意外劝说结果的听众时，也会使用情感说服这一策略，即为划线单词所在句“Past research indicates that emotional appeals can backfire when an audience prefers unemotional appeals”表达的含义，由此可推知，“backfire”应是与“have an unintended result”表达含义一致，即，“产生事与愿违或适得其反的结果”，与选项D“Have the opposite effect.(有相反的效果。)”表达含义一致。故选D项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“An interesting avenue for future research, the researchers say, is to investigate whether the association transfers across various contexts. (研究人员说，未来研究的一个有趣途径是调查这种关联是否会在不同的背景下转移。)”可知，研究人员对于“情感与劝说之间的联系在不同背景下的是否会有所不同”感兴趣，由此可推知，未来的研究方向是考察情感和劝说之间的联系是否涉及其他领域。故选C项。
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. G 39. E 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们会通常不记得自己昨天吃过什么这一现象及其背后的原因。
【36题详解】
上文“But can you be sure you’ve noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk （但是你能确定你已经记下了你车里的每一家小吃店，或者你桌上的每一把坚果吗？）”说明人们一般不确定自己具体吃了什么，C项“大多数人会觉得他们漏掉了什么。”进一步说明人们不确定自己吃过的食物，符合题意。故选C。
【37题详解】
下文“We can point to at least three potential causes.（我们可以指出至少三个潜在的原因。）”说明要指出至少三个潜在的原因，A项“为什么会这样？”提问原因，符合题意。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to slim down has been increasing over time.”（另一个原因是，随着时间的推移，试图减肥的人的比例一直在增加）以及下文“It may be driven partly by self-deception or “wishful thinking”.（它可能部分是由自我欺骗或“一厢情愿的想法”驱动的。）”说明人们减肥失败的原因，G项“那些想减肥的人更可能低估自己的饮食。”与下文构成因果关系，符合题意。故选G。
【39题详解】
下文“Both are in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake.（这两种情况都取决于它们发生的频率以及它们对我们整体能量摄入的贡献。）”说明空处应介绍两种情况，E项中snacking and eating out是关键词，说明零食和外出就餐这两种情况，E项“最后一个问题是最近零食和外出就餐的增加。”符合题意。故选E。
【40题详解】
上文“If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet.（如果人们不知道自己吃了多少，那么他们很难坚持节食。）”说明人们很难坚持节食的原因，空处应说明寻找解决问题的方法，D项“我们应该寻找处理这个问题的新方法。”符合题意。故选D。
三、完形填空
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. C
46. A 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. C
51. B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一名餐馆老板闲暇时间修理故障汽车并赠送给一名经历创伤的老妇人的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，她33岁的儿子死于癌症。A. won赢得；B. survived幸存；C. fought战斗；D. lost丢失。从后文中的“I don't have my baby”可以看出，她的儿子在与癌症的搏斗中失去了性命，所以应该选用lost。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来她汽车的发动机坏了，她没钱修。A. fired点火；B. disappeared消失；C. failed失败，出故障；D. ran奔跑。从后文中的“When it broke down, I broke down”可知，车坏了，因此应选用failed。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怎样才能在未来的生活中保持积极？A. stay停留，保持；B. prove证明；C. fall落下；D. appear出现。从前文中可看出Melanie Lee女士经历了巨大的创伤，所以此处是她如何在将来的生活中继续保持乐观，因此应选用stay。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾略特 米德尔顿是一家餐馆的老板，他以前是一名技工，在空闲时间修理和赠送二手车。A. garage车库；B. restaurant餐厅；C. grocery杂货店；D. shop商店。从后文中的“his restaurant”可见艾略特是一个餐馆的老板，因此应选用restaurant。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从李的侄子、市长弗兰克·麦克那里了解到了她的困境。A. danger危险；B. confusion困惑；C. dilemma困境；D. hesitation犹豫。从第一段的“the engine of her car 42, and she couldn't afford to have it fixed”可知Melanie Lee遇到了巨大的困难。因此，应该选用dilemma。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节早晨，米德尔顿突然出现在李的家中，带着一份礼物：一辆1993年的奥兹莫比尔。A. unannounced未经宣布的；B. unspoken无言的；C. unanswered没有回答的；D. unemployed失业的。根据后文中的“I had no idea what was going on”可见艾略特没有告知李就来到了她家门口，unannounced最符合上下文要求。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他把钥匙递给我，什么也没要。”A. cars汽车；B. wheels轮子；C. wages工资；D. keys钥匙。根据动词“handed”可知此处艾略特交给李的应该是车钥匙，而不是其它物件。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年前，米德尔顿在他组织一次食品捐赠活动中萌生了捐赠二手车的想法，当时，许多人排队购买一顿饭，要走4英里才能到那里。A. donation捐赠；B. purchase购买物；C. promotion晋升；D. introduction介绍。根据前文的“repairs and gives away used cars”可知此处应是donation。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年前，米德尔顿在他组织的一次食品捐赠活动中萌生了捐赠二手车的想法，当时，许多人排队购买一顿饭，要走4英里才能到那里。A. cycled骑车；B. walked散步；C. sailed航海；D. drove驾驶。根据Middleton的捐车想法和下文出现的“There's no public transportation”可知此处使用walked 最能体现出没有交通工具给人们带来的困扰，以及汽车在小镇上的必要性。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：米德尔顿在接受哥伦比亚广播公司采访时表示：“在这个城镇，汽车是必不可少的。A. appropriate合适的；B. convenient方便的；C. necessary必要的；D. advisable明智的。根据后文中的“There's no public transportation to take people to schools, hospitals, even food shopping”可知汽车在小镇上是“necessary（必要的）”。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他在Facebook上发帖，提议用自己餐馆的烤排骨去换出故障的汽车。A. take带走；B. trade交易，交换；C. provide提供；D. buy购买。根据下文“barbecued ribs of his restaurant for broken-down vehicles”，可知此处应该表达用烤排骨去交换抛锚的车辆。除traded以外，其他动词搭配意思有误。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，朋友和陌生人送来了100多辆年久失修的汽车。A. showed off炫耀；B. given off发出；C. put off推迟；D. dropped off下车，顺道放下。根据后文“over 100 cars in disrepair”可知，此处应该表达朋友与陌生人顺道送来了100余辆失修的汽车，drop off意为“顺道放下/送来”最符合文意。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多车在米德尔顿的院子里，等待被修复和捐赠，通常是给那些通过口口相传听说过他的人。A. borrowed借来；B. offered提供；C. fixed修理；D. operated操作。根据前文的“repairs and gives away used cars”和后文“donated, usually to those”可知很多车辆是停在后院等待被修理和捐赠，因此fixed最符合文意。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多车在米德尔顿的院子里，等待被修复和捐赠，通常是给那些通过口口相传听说过他的人。A. mouth嘴巴；B. foot脚；C. leg腿；D. ear耳朵。根据上下文，此处应该要表达口口相传之意，因此固定搭配word of mouth最符合文意。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“人们认为艾略特是一个大善人，”麦克拉里告诉NBC，“我也是。”A. mechanic机械工；B. angel天使，大善人；C. defender保护者；D. guardian监护人。根据上下文，此处应该表达对艾略特的感激之情。angel可表达“大善人”的意思，因此最符合文意。故选B。
四、语法填空
【答案】56. has become 57. an 58. educator 59. which 60. in
61. eventually 62. printed 63. was touched 64. meeting 65. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是童话故事书《很久很久以前，一只熊》。
【56题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：半个世纪前在垃圾桶里发现的一只黄色泰迪熊，自2017年雅典贝纳基玩具博物馆开放以来，已经成为该博物馆的明星展品。由空后“since”可知此处用现在完成时，主语bear是单数，空格处用has become。故填has become。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这只爱冒险熊在欧洲是一件与童年有关的重要收藏品。它还通过希腊教育家兼作家埃莱尼·格鲁拉努(Eleni Geroulanou)撰写的一本儿童读物进入中国。此处表泛指，表示“一个重要的收藏品”，前面需加不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，故填an。
【58题详解】
考杳名词。句意：这只爱冒险的熊在欧洲是一件与童年有关的重要收藏品。它还通过希腊教育家兼作家埃莱尼·格鲁拉努(Eleni Geroulanou)撰写的一本儿童读物进入中国。“and”前后连接同一成份，由“author”可知此空填educator，意为“教育家”，且指的是一个人，空格处用单数，故填educator。
【59题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在她的童话故事《很久很久以前，一只熊》中，这只泰迪熊在城里四处游荡，寻找自己的家。这本书已经被中国河北儿童出版社翻译成中文并出版。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词Once upon a time，a bear是一本书，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在她的童话故事《很久很久以前，一只熊》中，这只泰迪熊在城里四处游荡，寻找自己的家。这本书已经被中国河北儿童出版社翻译成中文并出版。in search of是固定短语，意为“寻找”，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：他最终在Maria Argyriadis的怀抱中找到了新家和家人，Maria Argyriadis是一位希腊玩具研究人员，她从垃圾箱里捡起了这只熊。修饰动词“finds”应用副词形式，即eventually，意为“最终”，故填eventually。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着博物馆2017年的开放，人们很高兴看到这本书是用希腊语印刷的。句中谓语是were delighted，空格处用非谓语动词，“print”与“book”为被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填printed。
【63题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2019年，在意大利博洛尼亚儿童书展上，一位希腊出版商将这本书展示给了一位中国出版商，后者被这个故事所感动，决定在中国出版这本书。“who”代指“a Chinese publisher”，是单数，与“touch”为被动关系，由时间状语“In 2019”和主句谓语动词“showed”可知空格处是一般过去时的被动语态was touched。故填was touched。
【64题详解】
考查动名词。句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，Geroulanou目前还未能访问中国，但她期待在形势好转时，与她的书的中国读者见面。look forward to（doing）sth.意为“盼望（做）某事”，此结构中to为介词，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填meeting。
【65题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：她说，希腊和中国都有着源远流长的丰富文化和传统，彼此之间有很多值得学习的地方。and前后连接两个宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，用that引导宾语从句，第二个宾语从句引导词that不能省略。故填that。
五、书面表达
作文一：
Dear Peter,
Knowing that you’re keen on the Chinese zodiac, I am writing to introduce it to you.
The Chinese zodiac, also called shengxiao, is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It follows a twelve-year cycle according to the Chinese lunar calendar, with each year represented by a kind of animal, starting from Rat to Pig. 2022 is the Year of the Tiger. In our traditional culture, not only is Tiger considered a symbol of bravery and dignity, but it also stands for wealth and fortune.
May the Year of the Tiger bring you happiness and good luck!
Yours,
Li Hua
作文二：
All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart. I tried to comfort her, but I didn’t know what to say. The only thing that I needed to do was to tidy up the room to show my care. And I also understood it was time for me to change myself. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor. I was so buried in my work that I even didn’t notice Jenny had sat up.
She was watching, her tears dried and disbelief on her face. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me “Thanks.” We made up! Jenny and I lived together for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree. However, we learned the key to living together: mutual understanding, forgiving and giving in.
听力原文：
Text 1
W: How much is a stamp to send a letter to France by airmail, please
M: That’ll be 50 cents.
W: OK. I’ll take four stamps, please. (1)
Text 2
M: Excuse me. I’m looking for a cotton polo shirt. Can you do me a favor
W: Of course. How about this blue cotton shirt It’s the latest fashion.
M: I like the design, but I don’t care for the color. Do you have that in other colors (2)
Text 3
W: Excuse me, sir I think this is my seat. You see My ticket says Row 27, seat “C”.
M: Oh, you’re right. I must have read my ticket wrong. (3)
Text 4
W: I’ve been waiting for this movie to arrive at the cinema for so long. And now it’s here! I can’t wait to see it. (4)
M: I hope you’re not disappointed. I’ve heard people say that it has quite a sad ending.
W: I don’t care.
Text 5
M: I can’t go to the party tomorrow night. I have just recovered from flu and I don’t feel like a night out. (5)
W: I understand. And the exam the next day is very important, so you must get to bed early.
Text 6 (第7题为推断题)
M: Hello, Susan. I heard you are not feeling very well. What is it
W: I am getting the flu. I think I got it from my assistant. It’s been going around the office.
M: It’s that time of year. It always happens when the seasons change. What kind of medicine have you been taking
W: Just some basic stuff from the drugstore. I think I just need some rest.
M: All right, take the rest of the day off. (6) I’ll call someone else to come in this afternoon.
W: Thanks, Mr. Jackson.
Text 7
M: Hello, my clerk said you asked to speak to the manager. (8) How can I help you
W: I bought this radio here on Saturday but it doesn’t work. (8) (9) As soon as I got it out of the box at home, I knew there was something wrong. I can’t tune it in to any station. The shop assistant said I should speak to you.
M: I’m sorry to hear that. Would you like a refund or do you want another model
W: I think I would like to choose another one. (9) I’m not confident about this model.
M: That’s fine. You can look around the store and choose whatever you like. (8)
Text 8
M: Mom, did you wash my blue jeans They are my favorite jeans. (10) (11) I would like to wear them today. (10)
W: I remember washing some black ones and some grey ones. I don’t remember any blue ones.
M: The black ones will be OK then. But I wonder where the blue ones are. I haven’t worn them for two weeks.
W: Oh well, they may be in your cupboard. Did you look there
M: No, I just looked in my drawer.
W: Oh, here they are in the box. (11) Well, at least you can wear what you wanted to wear. (10) Where are you going (12) To the mall again
M: One of my friends wanted to go to the cinema and the other wanted to go to a restaurant. We decided a movie was the best idea. (12)
Text 9 (第13题为总结题)
W: Ah, good to see you. We thought it would be better to have a guide to show us around the city.
M: You made the right decision. Chester has many attractions, but you need to know where they are.
W: So where should we start
M: Right here, at the city walls. They were first built by the Romans in 71 AD. (14)
W: Wow, so old
M: Yes, although they were added to in 310 AD and 1300 AD.
W: Is the rest of the city that old
M: A lot of it is very ancient. There are many streets where you can see very old shops. They are all close together, so you don’t need a bus or a car to get to them.
W: I want to see the Grosvenor Museum after the city walls. (15)
M: Of course, but the thing you must see is the Rows. (16)
W: What is that
M: The old shopping center. It is very beautiful and made of wood with many old carvings. We can walk there from the Grosvenor Museum. (16)
W: Fantastic. (16) We are going to enjoy ourselves.
Text 10 (第20题为总结题)
Hello, there. My name is Tony. I am your guide for this lab tour for new employees. (17) (18) (19) Let me explain a little about it. As you may have been told already, there is a safety meeting once a week. (17) I expect you to do all to know the lab safety rules and be able to answer questions on them when necessary. There will be a brief test every two weeks. How you perform in these tests will be noted in your personnel file and could affect your salary. The most important information I want to give you now is about safety and cleanliness. First of all, the only acceptable shoes are sports shoes. (18) Don’t wear jackets, necklaces, or loose belts. Second, everything must be kept clean. This is extremely important. Wash your hands before handling any equipment. Tools and jars may not always look clean or new, but they have all been cleaned so that they are free of bacteria. You must never pass any bacteria from your hands. (19) OK, any questions
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