2022届高考英语二轮复习：主谓一致课件-（16张）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：主谓一致课件-（16张） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 788.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-16 12:35:51 | ||
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(共16张PPT)
主谓一致
1.表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
When and where to go for the on-salary holiday has not been decided yet.
带薪度假的时间和地点还没决定。
2.“one/either/neither/each of+复数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Either of the stories is very funny.
这两个故事都很有趣。
3.something、everything、anything、nothing、somebody、nobody、no one等不定代词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数。
Nothing is impossible.
一切皆有可能。
考点一 语法一致
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
4.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语,通常被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
Ten pounds was missing from the box.
盒子里少了十英镑。
5.主语后有with、together with、along with、except、besides、as well as等词或短语时,谓语动词的数要与这些词或短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致(因为with等词为介词,其后跟的名词只能是介宾,不可能充当主语)。
Mr.Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday.
格林先生每个星期天都和他的孩子们一起去这个公园。
6.what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
What surprises me most is his attitude towards his study.
最令我惊讶的是他对学习的态度。
What her father left her are only some books.
她父亲留给她的只有一些书。
7.such作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。
Such is Stephen Hawking,who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.
这就是斯蒂芬·霍金,他经受了很多痛苦但也取得了许多成就。
Such are the results we have got.
这些就是我们所取得的成果。
8.有计量单位名词修饰的不可数名词充当句子主语时,谓语动词用单数还是用复数形式,由计量单位名词的单复数形式决定。
There is a cup of tea on the table.
桌子上有一杯茶。
How many bottles of milk are there in the box
箱子里有多少瓶牛奶
9.and、both...and...连接两个不同的主语,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出现时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。
The poet and writer has produced many works.
这位诗人兼作家写出了许多作品。
10.定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
My friend showed me around the town,which was very kind of him.
我的朋友真是太好了,他带我参观了这个小镇。
1.语法填空高频考点
①This is why decorating with plants,fruits and flowers (carry) special significance.(2020全国Ⅱ,语法填空,62)
②When every pupil in the school wears the uniform,nobody (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).(2019浙江6月高考,语法填空,56)
carries
has/will have
2.短文改错高频考点
①My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.(2020全国Ⅲ,短文改错)
②One of the questions are:Who will you go to in times of trouble (2021全国甲,短文改错)
将第一个don’t改为doesn’t
将are改为is
考点二 意义一致
1.集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作是构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family、class、team、group、public、committee、government、audience等。形式为单数但意义为复数概念的集合名词(如people、police等)作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The whole class,which is made up of twenty boys and fifteen girls,were told to stay behind after school to have an important meeting yesterday.
这个班由20个男生和15个女生组成,昨天全班学生被告知放学后留下开一个重要的会。
意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数,主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
2.“分数/ 百分数/ the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all、some、half、most、the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
About one third of the books are worth reading.
这些书中大约有1/ 3值得一读。
Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.
总共有超过70%的地球表面被水覆盖。
3.“the+形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
病人已被治愈,失踪的人也都找到了。
4.“a number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,“the number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of people invited was one hundred,but a number of them were absent for different reasons.
收到邀请的总共有100人,但很多人因为各种原因缺席了。
5.在定语从句中,关系代词如果在从句中作主语,根据先行词决定从句谓语动词的单复数;在“one of+复数名词+who/ that/ which”引导的从句中,谓语动词用复数;但之前有the(only)等修饰语时,从句中的谓语动词用单数。
Mary is the only one of the students in our school who has ever been to China.
玛丽是我们学校唯一一个去过中国的学生。
“more than one+单数名词”,“many a+单数名词”作主语时,虽然表示复数概念,但其谓语动词用单数。
1.语法填空高频考点
①Often,only a small part of a museum’s collection (be) on display.(2020 新高考Ⅰ,语法填空,41)
②The research team (believe) that people who don’t have the Internet can get left behind their friends who do.
is
believes
2.短文改错高频考点
①Many a child are playing there.
②Nearly 70% of the fund are supplied by the government.
将are改为is
考点三 就近原则
1.谓语动词的人称和数常常与其最接近的主语保持一致。常出现在这类句子中的连词有or、not...but...、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等。
Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.
要么我要么他们为这个事情的结果负责。
2.在倒装句中谓语动词常与后面最接近的主语一致。
In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.
远处传来拍手声和人们的喊叫声。
3.当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语动词应与最邻近的主语保持一致。here引导的句子与此用法相同。
There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.
书桌上有一支钢笔、一把刀和几本书。
Here is a pen,a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.
在抽屉里有一支钢笔、几个信封和一些纸。
就近原则也适用于疑问句。在疑问句里,同样是依据最近的主语的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数。
Is either Tom or you to be sent to work there
是你或者汤姆要被派去那里工作吗
1.语法填空高频考点
①Either you or one of your students (be) to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
②Not he but you (be) to be fired.
③Neither you nor I nor anybody else (know) anything about it.
2.短文改错高频考点
①Not the teacher but the students is looking forward to seeing the film.
②But then there is always more mysteries to look into.
is
are
knows
将is改为are
将is改为are
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.” (2020全国Ⅰ,语法填空,67)
2.After they volunteered in the library,each book (be) in proper place.
3.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six (be) stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.(2019全国Ⅰ,语法填空,70)
4.Mary with her parents (go) to Hongkong.They’ll stay there for two weeks.
5.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a belief that populations are increasing.(2019全国Ⅰ,语法填空,65)
means
was
are
has gone
have reported
6.Here (be) a few more hotels and an inn to consider.
7.An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, (be) to be built here.
8.It is I, who (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you out.
9.Fast food (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
10.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.
are
is
am
is
is
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.
2.He would ask who we was and pretended not to know us.
3.My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends...My dream school look like a big garden.
4.The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.
include改为includes
was改为were
look改为looks
.have改为has
5.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they looked like rain!
6.Large quantities of food has been sent to the flood-stricken victims in the past few days.
7.The teacher, as well as 6 girls and 8 boys, were visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
8.No one in the department but Tom and I know that the director will resign.
9.The country life the elderly couple was used to have changed greatly since 1992.
10.What the science teacher does and says are of great importance to college students.
was改为were
has改为have
were改为was
know改为knows
have改为has
are改为is
主谓一致
1.表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
When and where to go for the on-salary holiday has not been decided yet.
带薪度假的时间和地点还没决定。
2.“one/either/neither/each of+复数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Either of the stories is very funny.
这两个故事都很有趣。
3.something、everything、anything、nothing、somebody、nobody、no one等不定代词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数。
Nothing is impossible.
一切皆有可能。
考点一 语法一致
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
4.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语,通常被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
Ten pounds was missing from the box.
盒子里少了十英镑。
5.主语后有with、together with、along with、except、besides、as well as等词或短语时,谓语动词的数要与这些词或短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致(因为with等词为介词,其后跟的名词只能是介宾,不可能充当主语)。
Mr.Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday.
格林先生每个星期天都和他的孩子们一起去这个公园。
6.what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
What surprises me most is his attitude towards his study.
最令我惊讶的是他对学习的态度。
What her father left her are only some books.
她父亲留给她的只有一些书。
7.such作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。
Such is Stephen Hawking,who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.
这就是斯蒂芬·霍金,他经受了很多痛苦但也取得了许多成就。
Such are the results we have got.
这些就是我们所取得的成果。
8.有计量单位名词修饰的不可数名词充当句子主语时,谓语动词用单数还是用复数形式,由计量单位名词的单复数形式决定。
There is a cup of tea on the table.
桌子上有一杯茶。
How many bottles of milk are there in the box
箱子里有多少瓶牛奶
9.and、both...and...连接两个不同的主语,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出现时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。
The poet and writer has produced many works.
这位诗人兼作家写出了许多作品。
10.定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
My friend showed me around the town,which was very kind of him.
我的朋友真是太好了,他带我参观了这个小镇。
1.语法填空高频考点
①This is why decorating with plants,fruits and flowers (carry) special significance.(2020全国Ⅱ,语法填空,62)
②When every pupil in the school wears the uniform,nobody (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).(2019浙江6月高考,语法填空,56)
carries
has/will have
2.短文改错高频考点
①My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.(2020全国Ⅲ,短文改错)
②One of the questions are:Who will you go to in times of trouble (2021全国甲,短文改错)
将第一个don’t改为doesn’t
将are改为is
考点二 意义一致
1.集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作是构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family、class、team、group、public、committee、government、audience等。形式为单数但意义为复数概念的集合名词(如people、police等)作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The whole class,which is made up of twenty boys and fifteen girls,were told to stay behind after school to have an important meeting yesterday.
这个班由20个男生和15个女生组成,昨天全班学生被告知放学后留下开一个重要的会。
意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数,主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
2.“分数/ 百分数/ the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all、some、half、most、the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
About one third of the books are worth reading.
这些书中大约有1/ 3值得一读。
Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.
总共有超过70%的地球表面被水覆盖。
3.“the+形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
病人已被治愈,失踪的人也都找到了。
4.“a number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,“the number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of people invited was one hundred,but a number of them were absent for different reasons.
收到邀请的总共有100人,但很多人因为各种原因缺席了。
5.在定语从句中,关系代词如果在从句中作主语,根据先行词决定从句谓语动词的单复数;在“one of+复数名词+who/ that/ which”引导的从句中,谓语动词用复数;但之前有the(only)等修饰语时,从句中的谓语动词用单数。
Mary is the only one of the students in our school who has ever been to China.
玛丽是我们学校唯一一个去过中国的学生。
“more than one+单数名词”,“many a+单数名词”作主语时,虽然表示复数概念,但其谓语动词用单数。
1.语法填空高频考点
①Often,only a small part of a museum’s collection (be) on display.(2020 新高考Ⅰ,语法填空,41)
②The research team (believe) that people who don’t have the Internet can get left behind their friends who do.
is
believes
2.短文改错高频考点
①Many a child are playing there.
②Nearly 70% of the fund are supplied by the government.
将are改为is
考点三 就近原则
1.谓语动词的人称和数常常与其最接近的主语保持一致。常出现在这类句子中的连词有or、not...but...、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等。
Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.
要么我要么他们为这个事情的结果负责。
2.在倒装句中谓语动词常与后面最接近的主语一致。
In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.
远处传来拍手声和人们的喊叫声。
3.当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语动词应与最邻近的主语保持一致。here引导的句子与此用法相同。
There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.
书桌上有一支钢笔、一把刀和几本书。
Here is a pen,a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.
在抽屉里有一支钢笔、几个信封和一些纸。
就近原则也适用于疑问句。在疑问句里,同样是依据最近的主语的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数。
Is either Tom or you to be sent to work there
是你或者汤姆要被派去那里工作吗
1.语法填空高频考点
①Either you or one of your students (be) to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
②Not he but you (be) to be fired.
③Neither you nor I nor anybody else (know) anything about it.
2.短文改错高频考点
①Not the teacher but the students is looking forward to seeing the film.
②But then there is always more mysteries to look into.
is
are
knows
将is改为are
将is改为are
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.” (2020全国Ⅰ,语法填空,67)
2.After they volunteered in the library,each book (be) in proper place.
3.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six (be) stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.(2019全国Ⅰ,语法填空,70)
4.Mary with her parents (go) to Hongkong.They’ll stay there for two weeks.
5.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a belief that populations are increasing.(2019全国Ⅰ,语法填空,65)
means
was
are
has gone
have reported
6.Here (be) a few more hotels and an inn to consider.
7.An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, (be) to be built here.
8.It is I, who (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you out.
9.Fast food (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
10.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.
are
is
am
is
is
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.
2.He would ask who we was and pretended not to know us.
3.My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends...My dream school look like a big garden.
4.The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.
include改为includes
was改为were
look改为looks
.have改为has
5.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they looked like rain!
6.Large quantities of food has been sent to the flood-stricken victims in the past few days.
7.The teacher, as well as 6 girls and 8 boys, were visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
8.No one in the department but Tom and I know that the director will resign.
9.The country life the elderly couple was used to have changed greatly since 1992.
10.What the science teacher does and says are of great importance to college students.
was改为were
has改为have
were改为was
know改为knows
have改为has
are改为is