人教版选修七：Unit 1 Living well 单元测试B卷（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版选修七：Unit 1 Living well 单元测试B卷（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-16 14:36:46 | ||
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Unit 1 Living well B卷 能力提升—2021-2022学年高二英语人教版选修七单元测试AB卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
To help make up for sleep lost during marathon night flight, migrating (迁徙)birds take hundreds of power naps(小睡) during the day,each lasting a few seconds.
Every autumn,Swanson’s thrushes(画眉鸟) fly up to 3,000 miles from their breeding grounds in northern Canada and Alaska to spend winter in Central and South America. Spring coming, the birds make the long trip back.
The birds fly mostly at night and often for long hours at a time leaving little time for sleep. So to get through these tiresome periods, thrushes,during autumn and spring when the birds are normally migrating,change their sleep patterns, staying awake at night and resting during the day. But instead of sleeping for a long period at a time, the birds took several naps a day. each one lasting only 9 seconds on average.
The thrushes also mixed up their shut-eye sessions with two other forms of sleep. In one,called unilateral eye clcxsure,or UEC, the birds rested one eye and one half of their brains while the other eye and half brain remained open and active, protecting them from danger.
The birds also occasionally slipped into another state, one that any college student who has ever been stuck in a boring lecture can relate to. Called drowsiness(假寐), this state is characterized by a partial shutting of both eyes that still allows for some visual processing.
“In terms of quality,drowsiness may be less useful than normal sleep, but it may also be safersaid Fuchs.
What's interesting is that even animals should make up for sleep loss. That a need for sleep cannot be lost even in these birds means the importance of sleep for many, if not all, animals, not to mention humans.
1.What would be the best title for the text
A.Migrating Birds Travel for Long Hours B.Migrating Need Help
C.How Birds Migrate During Autumn D.Migrating Birds Take Many Daily Power Naps
2.According to the text, when having drowsiness, the thrushes __________.
A.will rest one eye and keep the other active B.will often sleep during day
C.will still be careful with the possible dangers D.will not see anything in front of them
3.What can we learn from the text
A.Sleep is important for both animals and human beings.
B.Animals need sleep lo rest.
C.Migrating birds need sleep only during day.
D.College students often have drowsiness in autumn.
B
“No matter how hard you train,if you don't sleep enough,you will lose,” my brother,who just won the South German bodybuilding championship last Sunday, told me. Like food and exercise, sleep is a major pillar of your health.
In almost anything you can think of一weight loss, building up muscles, learning something new, preparing for a test or flying a plane persons who sleep enough will perform at their highest levels and get the best results.
In today's world, balancing your work life and your health is harder than ever. "Five hours of sleep is enough for me." I often hear. It's a lie. How do I know Well, I tried it for six months, and then I broke down. I thought that the less I slept, the more time I had to create. But soon, I found that having less sleep also meant it was easier to be distracted and stressed. I felt worse every week.
“Sleep more or take pills. Your choice,’’ the doctor told me. I did. It worked. By sleeping more, I became more productive. I could focus better, and my mood improved a lot.
What I learned is that the first thing you need to become happier, healthier,smarter, stronger and more creative is not more exercise. You need more sleep first.
One out of three people nod off while driving. 100,000 preventable accidents happen in the US each year. If you re sleepy while driving to work,you’ll drive as if you had three beers for breakfast. Don't be that person. If you feel that you are sleep-deprived,this is what you could do today:
Take a 30-minute nap during the day.
Go to bed 30 minutes earlier.
Get up 30 minutes later.
Even if you don't fall asleep during the 30-minute nap, you still get some rest. For 20 years of my life I've never taken a nap except when I was a baby. It takes practice.
Some people pride themselves on how less sleep they need. Maybe it's true. Maybe not. Rather pride yourself on being healthy,rested, refreshed and happy.
1.If you want to perform best in almost anything, you should ________.
A.get enough sleep B.have hard training
C.learn something new D.do more exercise
2.What made the writer feel better at last
A.Five hours of sleep. B.More time for sleep.
C.Taking pills. D.Improving his mood.
3.What should drivers do to prevent some accidents from happening
A.Have three beers for breakfast. B.Never drive to work by themselves.
C.Take a short nap to get some rest. D.Go to bed 30 minutes later.
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.More Sleep rather than Exercise B.The Best Results of More Exercise
C.How to Stay Healthy and Happy D.How to Improve Your Sleep
C
A caring mother is the single most important factor in preventing teenagers from abusing (滥用)drugs and alcohol,researchers said on Friday. An international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems, and a strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them.
"These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use,” said Dr. McArdle,of Newcastle University in northern England,who led the study. “They also suggest that attachment(依恋), particularly to mothers, is a more effective factor and that this truly across cultures and substances.” The report. which is published in the journal Addiction, involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in England. Ireland,Italy, Germany and the Netherlands. They were questioned about their use of several kinds of drugs and alcohol. The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents, how well they were supervised(监护) after school and whether they were allowed to meet friends at home.
“Both the quality of family relationships and the structure of families have significant influences on youth drug use," McArdle said in a statement. But he added a strong maternal bond offered the greatest protection against developing drug habits. The rate of drug abuse among teenagers living with both parents and who had a good relationship with their mothers was 16. 6 percent. If either factor was missing,the drug abuse rate rose to 32 percent. More than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mothers used drugs.
Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol hut McArdle said no one is dealing with the problem of parental responsibility.
1.The phrase “maternal bond” in the first paragraph refers to ________.
A.the education of mothers B.the supervision of mothers on children
C.whether the mother uses drugs D.the guidance of schools on mothers
2.According to McArdle,which is most likely to have the drug abuse problem
A.16-year-old Tom from a happy big family.
B.17 year-old Kate supervised by her single mother.
C.18-year-old Juliet living with her single father.
D.19-year-old Mark cared by his parents.
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A.Teenagers with both parents won't have the drug use problem.
B.Teenagers from several countries filled in the questionnaires.
C.Teenagers were asked about their relationship with parents.
D.Teenagers in British schools are warned against drug abuse.
4.The last paragraph suggests that __________.
A.schools should answer for the drug problem
B.television and media are to blame
C.parents and the society are responsible for the drug problem
D.mothers are the cause of youth drug use
D
Could your weekend lie in kill you Since most of us change our sleep schedule depending on whether it’s a working or non-working day, it's an interesting question. A new study looked into the issue and found links between sleeping more at weekends and an increased risk of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease.
Shifting our sleeping hours by a few hours has the effect of crossing a lime zone, according to a new study of 447 people who were monitored for a week. People who shifted their sleeping patterns were also more likely to gain weight. Those with an evening chronotype(时型) meaning their biological clock is more suited to going to bed and waking late were more at risk of these changes than earlier sleepers find risers.
This study shows an association between shifting sleeping patterns arid changes in some blood test results. It doesn't show that anyone developed heart disease or diabetes because they had lie-ins. It also doesn't show a relationship between amount and response. So it s unclear how much a sleep shift will cause the changes seen in the blood test results. Jim Horne,professor of the Sleep Research Centre at Loughborough University, says we should really stop worrying so much. “Worry is bad for sleep and we naturally compensate(弥补) for not getting enough rest in the week by lying in at weekends," he said.
Sleep is a way to test the state of one's health, and the most important thing that happens when you don't get enough of it is that you feel sleepy. It would be a shame to be scared of a lie-in. Studies show that if you accumulate a five-hour sleep debt during the week (a typical amount), you only need 1.5 hours of extra sleep at weekends to make up for it.
1.According to the first paragraph, most people tend to _________.
A.stay at home at weekends B.sleep more than usual at weekends
C.arrange a regular sleep schedule D.ignore the risk of diabetes and heart disease
2.What can we learn about people with an evening chronotype
A.They are less likely to gain weight.
B.They are more likely to sleep more at weekends.
C.They are less likely to change their sleep schedules.
D.They are more likely to be harmed by weekend lie-ins.
3.Which of the following statements will Jim Horne agree with
A.Further research is needed to prove the blood test results.
B.Weekend lie-ins are serious problems for the young.
C.We shoaldn't completely deny weekend lie-ins.
D.Worry is the major reason for poor sleep.
4.What is the author's attitude towards weekend lie-ins
A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Telling Your Children About Not Using Tobacco
Coming up with the topic of tobacco use can be tough, but it's important to talk about it ——especially if you think your child may have already tried or used other tobacco products.
①__________
Remember—keep it light! You’re trying to have a conversation, not give a lecture. ②__________
Really listen to what your child has to say without judging. Learn effective listening skills to make your conversations more positive.
Talk about your values, even when your children are young. Tell your kids why you disapprove of smoking and that you will be disappointed if they pick it up.
③__________Even though adults know that using tobacco has terrible long-term consequences, teens may be more affected by the idea of the short-term ones, such as bad breath,foul-smelling clothes, or stained teeth.
Talk about peer (同龄人)pressure. ④__________Let your kids know that you understand how difficult it can be to say no to friends, but that it's important to stand by your values and beliefs. Tell your child about the consequences of smoking in your family, and let them know that you will follow through on them.
the conversation beyond just cigarettes. Make sure to point out that all tobacco products are dangerous and addictive, even if they seem much safer than cigarettes.
It's easy to feel like you're not getting through to your kids when you talk about tough issues like tobacco use. But remember that you do have an effect on their decisions.
⑤__________To help your children make smart decisions about tobacco use, bring up the topic early and talk with your children about it on a regular basis.
A. Don't do all of the talking.
B. Focus on short-term consequences.
C. And also keep in mind that your expectations matter to them.
D. The best way to address peer pressure is to talk about it directly.
E. Comment on an advertisement or TV show that shows someone smoking.
F. Some kids find it easier to talk when they're not looking you straight in the eye.
G. To make sure you have the best possible influence on your children, start talking about tobacco early.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My twin sister and I studied in the same school for ten years. The first day we entered the campus, we were 1 by its beauty and bright-colored stone sculptures of fairies (精灵) that 2 there.
As we got older, I discovered the school wasn’t always where beauty was an everyday 3 . The weather-beaten stone statues badly needed 4 . However, there weren’t enough staff to get everything done.
I decided to do something to give the campus a new 5 . My sister had a similar idea and we came up with a plan to secretly 6 the school. Having carefully worked out a project, we got 7 from the administration (管理层) to do it.
We first painted the stone sculptures, refreshing the few remaining fairies. To bring 8 and magic to the campus, we painted on the doors of the boy’s and the girl’s bathrooms the sun and moon representation 9 designed by my sister.
The tree by the school gate was dead and its bare branches were 10 , leaving only the trunk. The young schoolmates were 11 by the loss of this tree and the trunk left was a sad 12 to them of the once-living tree. 13 transforming this trunk into a fairy house for visiting fairies to stop by and have a little snack, I put little 14 in the house so that the children could look into the little fairy kitchen while walking by. While cutting and shaping the trunk took many hours, it was well worth it for we 15 a wound in our natural environment.
Everything done, we smiled heartily looking around the fantastic “new” school.
1.A.educated B.struck C.relaxed D.disturbed
2.A.settled B.visited C.worked D.chatted
3.A.routine B.habit C.expectation D.purpose
4.A.removing B.replacing C.wrapping D.painting
5.A.chance B.look C.background D.culture
6.A.explore B.publicize C.beautify D.protect
7.A.permission B.reward C.promise D.concern
8.A.security B.honesty C.politeness D.imagination
9.A.proudly B.bravely C.artfully D.anxiously
10.A.turned in B.cut off C.picked out D.given up
11.A.astonished B.disappointed C.annoyed D.upset
12.A.flag B.reminder C.tool D.start
13.A.Instead of B.In hope of C.In addition to D.In spite of
14.A.windows B.bells C.handles D.curtains
15.A.recorded B.hid C.cured D.spotted
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The start of the school year is always a ①_____________(stress) time for children,parents, ②_____________ (teach)and advisers. It is important at the ③_____________ (begin) of a school year to establish a routine. Homework,bedtime and eating dinner need doing around ④_____________ same time each day. This helps create parent expectations for their children and helps the children know ⑤_____________ the expectations will he, which reduces stress.
In the current term, changing a student's schedule is not an option. Even if a student is unhappy with a class, he needs to try his best and receive the best grade he can. ⑥_____________, the student can visit his adviser about changing his schedule for next term.
The most important factor for ⑦_____________ (succeed) in school is showing up. If a student ⑧_____________ (miss) a great deal of school or skips class,he is missing a part of learning. Once a student gets behind,he may give up because he doesn’t think he can make the work up ⑨_____________ (easy). Once a student starts not to go to school, it becomes a habit,and the student may end up not ⑩_____________ (attend) at all.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你校英文报将举办题为"My Favorite Chinese Scientist"的征文活动,请你写一篇文章投稿,要点包括:
1.科学家简介;
2.该科学家的贡献;
3.对你的影响。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favorite Chinese Scientist
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文,根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Several years ago I loaned a girl some cash as she badly needed some work done to her car. We eventually worked in different cities but remained friends. About a year later she sent me a card thanking me for helping out and repaid me, which I had never expected from her. The $250 she gave me was nice to have, but honestly was not needed, nor did I expect her to repay me.
About a week after I had been given this cash, I went on a late night food run with a friend, when I encountered a homeless man who was taking shelter from the less than pleasant weather we were having at the time. The homeless man who was sitting at a table next to us was told by the waitress that he couldn't be there if he didn't order anything. I overheard him ask how much a cup of coffee was, counted the few dollars he had in his pocket, and a little reluctantly ordered coffee so he could stay inside.
As I heard all of this, and thinking of the cash I had just received but didn't need, I felt this might be someone I could help. So I engaged the man in some conversation, because I know most people who are homeless don't get the benefit of casual conversation very often. I learned he was aged 45 and had previously worked as a tree trimmer(修剪工) off the books. Unfortunately about a year ago he fell while working and badly hurt his back and was no longer able to work until he got his back medically addressed. After about 10—15 minutes of conversation I told him that if he felt comfortable accepting my offer, I would buy him whatever food off the menu he wanted. He resisted because he didn't want to trouble me. I insisted he accept my offer because everyone deserves a warm meal. He eventually accepted and ordered something simple.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After paying the bills, I pulled $250 out of my wallet and folded it into my pocket._________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With tears in his eyes, the homeless man insisted he get my phone number so he could repay me some day._________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第一段“To help make up for sleep lost during marathon night flight, migrating(迁徙) birds take hundreds of power naps(小睡) during the day, each lasting a few seconds." 可知,文章开头提出了文章的主旨,故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ the birds rested one eye . .. from danger" 可知,有睡意时,画眉鸟还是会很小心,故C项正确。
3.推理判断。根据最后一段“What’s interesting is that even animals should make up for sleep loss ... if not all, animals, not to mention humans. ” 可知, 动物都需弥补睡眠不足,更不用说人类了,由此可以推断动物和人类都需要睡眠,故选A。
B
答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段可知,对于你所能想到的几乎任何事情,睡眠充足的人将会发挥他们的最好水平。故正确答案为A。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句话可知选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第六段中的“this is what you could do today: Take a 30-minute nap during the day. ”可知选C。
4.主旨大意题。本文首段点明文章主旨:无论你训练多么刻苦,如果没有充足的睡眠你就会失败。后面详细论述充足的睡眠对健康生活的重要意义。故正确答案为A。
C
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.C
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“An international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems 可知,maternal bond应是与父母的关系, 尤其是有母亲的监管,故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”及第二句“They also suggest that attachment(依恋),particularly to mothers,is a more effective factor”及第三段最后—句"More than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mothers used drugs. ”可以推测,选项C与父亲生活的Juliet更容易有吸毒的风险,故选C:。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use." 可知,和父母一起生活只能预防吸毒,并不能完全杜绝,因此选项A错误;由第二段最后一句“The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents, how well they were supervised (监护) after school and whether they were allowed lo meet friends at home. ”可知这些青少年都填写了调查问卷.并被问及他们和父母及祖父母之间的关系,由此可以推测选项B和C正确;由最后一段中“Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol” 可知,英国学校举行了抵制毒品的活动,由此推测选项D正确。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“but McArdle said no one is dealing with the problem of parental responsibility” 可知,父母和社会对孩子吸毒问题都负有责任, 故选C。
D
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句话可知,大多数人倾向于在周末(不上班的时候)改变日常作息规律,比平常睡得更多。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Those with an evening chronotype(时型)一 meaning their biological clock is more suited to going to bed and waking late-were more at risk of these changes than earlier sleepers and risers. ” 可知,与早睡早起的人相比,晚睡晚起的人更容易受到周末睡懒觉的危害。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Worry is bad for sleep and we naturally compensate(弥补) for not getting enough rest in the week by lying in at weekends,’"可知,他认为我们不应当完全否定周末睡懒觉这一做法,这是我们补觉的一个方法。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Sleep is a way ... be scared of a lie-in." 可知,作者对周末来睡懒觉持赞同的态度。
第二节
答案：G; A; B; D; C
解析：提起烟草这个话题并不容易,但是如果你认为你的孩子已经沾染上烟草或是其他相关产品,那么谈论这个话题就显得尤为重要。本文建议父母早一点儿谈及这个话题,并给予正面积极的影响。
1. G本文的第一段出现了 the topic of和 talk about这样的关键词,由此可判断本段开门见山地表达了父母要与孩子谈论这个话题,而G项中出现了talking about, 属于同词复现的范畴,故G项符合题意。
2. A 根据空线后一句“Really listen to what your children have to say without judging. ” 可知此处建议父母倾听孩子的想法,而不要总是自己说。因此A项符合题意。
3. B 根据空线后文“.. teens may be more affected by the idea of the short-term ones, such as ..." 可知当和孩子谈论吸烟的影响时,他们更多的是受短期影响而不是长远性的影响。由此可判断,B项符合语境。
4.D 由本段的标题句“Talk about peer pressure. ”,可知孩子远离烟草的其中一个障碍是来自同伴的压力,D项恰好讲到到了解决同伴压力的锻好办法就是直接说明情况。故D项符合题意。
5. C 空线前一句中的关键 词 remember与 C项中的keep in mind进相对应的,同时两句中的But和And also也起到了关键性的作用。因此C项正确。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D; 5.B; 6.C; 7.A; 8.D; 9.C; 10.B; 11.D; 12.B; 13.B; 14.A; 15.C
解析：1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:进入校园的第一天,我们就被它的美丽和放置在那里的仙女彩石雕塑所打动。A.educated受过教育的;B.struck对......印象好的;C.relaxed放松的;D.disturbed烦恼的。根据该句中的"its beauty and bright-colored stone sculptures of fairies”(它的美丽和彩石雕刻的仙女)可知,作者对校园的印象很好。故选B项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:进入校园的弟一天,我们就被它的美丽和放置在那里的仙女彩石雅塑所打动。A.settled放置;B.visited看望;C.worked.工作;D.chatted闲聊。根据句型结构,可知此处是定语从句,修饰前面的名词stone sculptures of fairies,表示放置在校园的酷塑。故选A项。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着年龄的增长,我发现在学校里,美丽并不总是人们每天的期望。A.routine常规;B.habit习惯:C.expectation期里;D.purpose目标。根据后句The weather-beaten stone statues badly needed 4”(这些饱经风霜的石像急需喷涂。)可知,校园里的一些设施和雕塑都年久失修,没有达到人们对美丽校园的期望。故选C项。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些饱经风霜的石像急需喷涂。A.removing移开;B.replacing替代;C,wrapping包装;D.painting喷涂。根据前句As we got older, I discovered the school wasn't always where beauty was an everyday 3"可知,校园里的设施都需要维护。故选D项。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我决定做点什么来让校园焕然一新。A.chancet机会;B.look面貌;C.background背景;D.culture文化。根据前文,可知校园里的设施需要修缮,但是没有足够的人员去做这件事,于是我决定行动起来去修缮校园。故选B项。
6.考查动词问义辨析。句意:我姐姐也有类似的想法,我们想出了一个秘密美化学校的计划。A.explore探索;B.publicize出版; C.beautify美化;D.protect保护。根据前句"I decided to do something to give the campus a new 5"可知,姐妹俩打算修复校园里的设施,美化校园。故选C项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们仔细拟定了一个项目,得到了管理部门的许可去做这件事。A.permission允许;B.reward回报;C.promise承诺;D.concemn关注。根据文意,此处意指姐妹俩拟定计划后向学校管理层申请许可执行自己的美化校园的计划。故选A项。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了把想象力和魔力带入校园,我们在男女洗手间的门上画上了我姐姐巧妙设计的太阳和月亮的图案。A.security安全;B.honesty诚实;C.politeness礼貌;D.imagination想象力。根据句意及and后名词magic,可知此处意指姐妹俩用想象力装扮校园。故选D项。
9.考查副词词义辨析。句意:为了把想象力和魔力带入校园,我们在男女洗手间的门上画上了我姐姐巧妙设计的太阳和月亮的图案。A.proudly骄做地;B.bravely勇敢地;C.artfully艺术地;D.anxiously焦虑地。根据本句“To bring 8 and magie to the campus'"可知,姐妹俩非常创造性地,用艺术性的手段装饰校园。故选C项。
10.考查动词短语辨析。句意:学校门口的那棵树已经死了,光秃秃的树枝都被砍掉了,只剩下树干。A.turned in.上交;B.cut of砍掉;C.picked out挑选出;D.given up放弃。根据本句"leaving only the trunk'"可知,姐妹俩把树枝都砍掉了。故选B项。
11.考查形容词词义辩析。句意:年轻的同学们为这棵树的消失而难过,留下的树干是他们对这棵曾经活着的树的悲伤提醒。A.astonished震惊的;B.disappointed失望的;C.annoyed烦恼的;D.upset失落的。根据the loss of this tree可知,有些校友因为砍掉了树枝感到有些失落。故选D项。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意:年轻的同学们为这棵树的消失而难过,留下的树干是他们对这棵曾经活着的树的悲伤提醒。A.flag旗帜;B.reminder提醒;C.tool工具;D.start开始。根据句意,此处意指剩下的树干对这些校友来说,就是一个令人shide提醒。故选B项。
13.考查介词短语辩析。句意:我希望把这个箱子变成一个仙女之家,让来访的仙女们在这里停留和吃一点零食,我在房子里装了小窗户,这样孩子们走过的时候可以看到仙女的小画房。A.Instead of替代;B.In hope of希望;C.In addition to除了;D.In spite of尽管。根据句意,此处意指姐妹俩想把这个树干变成一个仙女之家。故选B项。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我希望把这个箱子变成一个仙女之家,让来访的仙女们在这里停留和吃一点零食,我在房子里装了小窗户,这样孩子们走过的时候可以看到仙女的小厨房。A.windows窗户;B.bells铃铛;C.handles门把手;D.curtains窗帘。根据本句"look into the little fairy kitchen while walking by"可知,姐妹俩给树干做了一个小窗户,这样路过的人就可以看到树干里面。故选A项。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然切割和塑造树干花了很多时间,但这是非常值得的,因为我们治愈了一个我们自然环境里的伤口。A.recorded记录;B.hid隐藏;C.cured治愈;D.spotted看到。根据wound及文意,此处意指姐妹俩的行动美化了校园,修复了校园里的缺陷和伤痕。故选C项。
第二节
答案：1. stressful2. teachers3. beginning4. the5. what6. However7. success/succeeding8. misses9. easily10. attending
解析：
学年的开始对孩子、父母和老师而言都是很紧张的,本文提供了一些建议,帮助孩子顺利地适应学校。
1. stressful考査词性转换。所填词修饰后面的名词time。故填形容词形式stressful,意为“有压力的”。
2. teachers考査词性转换。空格前是名词children,parents,and后面连接的也是名词advisers,所以空格处也填名词的复数,即teachers。
3. beginning 考查非谓语动词。at the beginning of ...是固定搭配,意为“在 ……开始的时候"。
4. the考查冠词。空格后是same,常和the连用。
5. what考査宾语从句。所填词放在动词know后面,引导的是宾语从句,从句中缺少表语,所以用what。本句句意为“这帮助父母们给孩子制订期待目标,也帮助孩子们了解这些期待将会是什么,这样会减少压力”。
6. However考查副词。空格前讲述的是在本学期孩子如果不满意也不能改变课程了。要尽最大努力,得到最好的成绩。空格后是对next term的安排,学生们可以改变下学期的课程,所以空格前后为转折关系,且空格后有逗号,所以填However。
7. success/succeeding 考查词性转换。介词for后面要跟宾语,即名词或者动名词,故填success或者succeeding。
8. misses考查主谓一致。主语是第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词与其保持一致, 填misses。
9. easily考査副词。所填词做状语修饰动词,所以用副词形式。即easily。
10. attending 考査非谓语动词。end up doing sth.是固定结构,意为“最终做某事”。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
My Favorite Chinese Scientist
My favorite Chinese scientist is Yuan Longping,the "father of hybrid rice".(科学家简介) As one of China's most famous scientists,Yuan devoted himself to studying agriculture.His hybrid strains have helped feed not just China but many other countries that depend on rice as well.【高分句型一】
He received numerous awards, but he cared little for celebrity or money.Instead,he made large donations to support agricultural research.(该科学家的贡献)
Yuan's great contributions to human beings and his noble personality have impressed me deeply, which motivates me to be excellent.【高分句型二】(对你的影响)
第二节
答案：
paragraph1:
After paying the bills, I pulled $250 out of my wallet and folded it into my pocket. As my friend and I got up to leave, he again thanked me for the kindness and the conversation.【高分句型一】I shook his hand, looked him dead in the eye, and handed him the $250. I told him he was a good man who had some terrible luck and nothing more, hoping this would be a big step in a better direction for him.(在作者要离开时,把250美元送给了这个无家可归的人,希望可以帮助到他)
paragraph2:
With tears in his eyes, the homeless man insisted he get my phone number so he could repay me some day.I told him that how he could repay me was some day when he saw someone who needed help and he was in a position to help, and let the love pass on. I wished him the best in his path forward, and left with my friend, feeling that we can take action to help make the world around us better. 【高分句型二】(作者的感想)
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
To help make up for sleep lost during marathon night flight, migrating (迁徙)birds take hundreds of power naps(小睡) during the day,each lasting a few seconds.
Every autumn,Swanson’s thrushes(画眉鸟) fly up to 3,000 miles from their breeding grounds in northern Canada and Alaska to spend winter in Central and South America. Spring coming, the birds make the long trip back.
The birds fly mostly at night and often for long hours at a time leaving little time for sleep. So to get through these tiresome periods, thrushes,during autumn and spring when the birds are normally migrating,change their sleep patterns, staying awake at night and resting during the day. But instead of sleeping for a long period at a time, the birds took several naps a day. each one lasting only 9 seconds on average.
The thrushes also mixed up their shut-eye sessions with two other forms of sleep. In one,called unilateral eye clcxsure,or UEC, the birds rested one eye and one half of their brains while the other eye and half brain remained open and active, protecting them from danger.
The birds also occasionally slipped into another state, one that any college student who has ever been stuck in a boring lecture can relate to. Called drowsiness(假寐), this state is characterized by a partial shutting of both eyes that still allows for some visual processing.
“In terms of quality,drowsiness may be less useful than normal sleep, but it may also be safersaid Fuchs.
What's interesting is that even animals should make up for sleep loss. That a need for sleep cannot be lost even in these birds means the importance of sleep for many, if not all, animals, not to mention humans.
1.What would be the best title for the text
A.Migrating Birds Travel for Long Hours B.Migrating Need Help
C.How Birds Migrate During Autumn D.Migrating Birds Take Many Daily Power Naps
2.According to the text, when having drowsiness, the thrushes __________.
A.will rest one eye and keep the other active B.will often sleep during day
C.will still be careful with the possible dangers D.will not see anything in front of them
3.What can we learn from the text
A.Sleep is important for both animals and human beings.
B.Animals need sleep lo rest.
C.Migrating birds need sleep only during day.
D.College students often have drowsiness in autumn.
B
“No matter how hard you train,if you don't sleep enough,you will lose,” my brother,who just won the South German bodybuilding championship last Sunday, told me. Like food and exercise, sleep is a major pillar of your health.
In almost anything you can think of一weight loss, building up muscles, learning something new, preparing for a test or flying a plane persons who sleep enough will perform at their highest levels and get the best results.
In today's world, balancing your work life and your health is harder than ever. "Five hours of sleep is enough for me." I often hear. It's a lie. How do I know Well, I tried it for six months, and then I broke down. I thought that the less I slept, the more time I had to create. But soon, I found that having less sleep also meant it was easier to be distracted and stressed. I felt worse every week.
“Sleep more or take pills. Your choice,’’ the doctor told me. I did. It worked. By sleeping more, I became more productive. I could focus better, and my mood improved a lot.
What I learned is that the first thing you need to become happier, healthier,smarter, stronger and more creative is not more exercise. You need more sleep first.
One out of three people nod off while driving. 100,000 preventable accidents happen in the US each year. If you re sleepy while driving to work,you’ll drive as if you had three beers for breakfast. Don't be that person. If you feel that you are sleep-deprived,this is what you could do today:
Take a 30-minute nap during the day.
Go to bed 30 minutes earlier.
Get up 30 minutes later.
Even if you don't fall asleep during the 30-minute nap, you still get some rest. For 20 years of my life I've never taken a nap except when I was a baby. It takes practice.
Some people pride themselves on how less sleep they need. Maybe it's true. Maybe not. Rather pride yourself on being healthy,rested, refreshed and happy.
1.If you want to perform best in almost anything, you should ________.
A.get enough sleep B.have hard training
C.learn something new D.do more exercise
2.What made the writer feel better at last
A.Five hours of sleep. B.More time for sleep.
C.Taking pills. D.Improving his mood.
3.What should drivers do to prevent some accidents from happening
A.Have three beers for breakfast. B.Never drive to work by themselves.
C.Take a short nap to get some rest. D.Go to bed 30 minutes later.
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.More Sleep rather than Exercise B.The Best Results of More Exercise
C.How to Stay Healthy and Happy D.How to Improve Your Sleep
C
A caring mother is the single most important factor in preventing teenagers from abusing (滥用)drugs and alcohol,researchers said on Friday. An international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems, and a strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them.
"These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use,” said Dr. McArdle,of Newcastle University in northern England,who led the study. “They also suggest that attachment(依恋), particularly to mothers, is a more effective factor and that this truly across cultures and substances.” The report. which is published in the journal Addiction, involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in England. Ireland,Italy, Germany and the Netherlands. They were questioned about their use of several kinds of drugs and alcohol. The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents, how well they were supervised(监护) after school and whether they were allowed to meet friends at home.
“Both the quality of family relationships and the structure of families have significant influences on youth drug use," McArdle said in a statement. But he added a strong maternal bond offered the greatest protection against developing drug habits. The rate of drug abuse among teenagers living with both parents and who had a good relationship with their mothers was 16. 6 percent. If either factor was missing,the drug abuse rate rose to 32 percent. More than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mothers used drugs.
Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol hut McArdle said no one is dealing with the problem of parental responsibility.
1.The phrase “maternal bond” in the first paragraph refers to ________.
A.the education of mothers B.the supervision of mothers on children
C.whether the mother uses drugs D.the guidance of schools on mothers
2.According to McArdle,which is most likely to have the drug abuse problem
A.16-year-old Tom from a happy big family.
B.17 year-old Kate supervised by her single mother.
C.18-year-old Juliet living with her single father.
D.19-year-old Mark cared by his parents.
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A.Teenagers with both parents won't have the drug use problem.
B.Teenagers from several countries filled in the questionnaires.
C.Teenagers were asked about their relationship with parents.
D.Teenagers in British schools are warned against drug abuse.
4.The last paragraph suggests that __________.
A.schools should answer for the drug problem
B.television and media are to blame
C.parents and the society are responsible for the drug problem
D.mothers are the cause of youth drug use
D
Could your weekend lie in kill you Since most of us change our sleep schedule depending on whether it’s a working or non-working day, it's an interesting question. A new study looked into the issue and found links between sleeping more at weekends and an increased risk of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease.
Shifting our sleeping hours by a few hours has the effect of crossing a lime zone, according to a new study of 447 people who were monitored for a week. People who shifted their sleeping patterns were also more likely to gain weight. Those with an evening chronotype(时型) meaning their biological clock is more suited to going to bed and waking late were more at risk of these changes than earlier sleepers find risers.
This study shows an association between shifting sleeping patterns arid changes in some blood test results. It doesn't show that anyone developed heart disease or diabetes because they had lie-ins. It also doesn't show a relationship between amount and response. So it s unclear how much a sleep shift will cause the changes seen in the blood test results. Jim Horne,professor of the Sleep Research Centre at Loughborough University, says we should really stop worrying so much. “Worry is bad for sleep and we naturally compensate(弥补) for not getting enough rest in the week by lying in at weekends," he said.
Sleep is a way to test the state of one's health, and the most important thing that happens when you don't get enough of it is that you feel sleepy. It would be a shame to be scared of a lie-in. Studies show that if you accumulate a five-hour sleep debt during the week (a typical amount), you only need 1.5 hours of extra sleep at weekends to make up for it.
1.According to the first paragraph, most people tend to _________.
A.stay at home at weekends B.sleep more than usual at weekends
C.arrange a regular sleep schedule D.ignore the risk of diabetes and heart disease
2.What can we learn about people with an evening chronotype
A.They are less likely to gain weight.
B.They are more likely to sleep more at weekends.
C.They are less likely to change their sleep schedules.
D.They are more likely to be harmed by weekend lie-ins.
3.Which of the following statements will Jim Horne agree with
A.Further research is needed to prove the blood test results.
B.Weekend lie-ins are serious problems for the young.
C.We shoaldn't completely deny weekend lie-ins.
D.Worry is the major reason for poor sleep.
4.What is the author's attitude towards weekend lie-ins
A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Telling Your Children About Not Using Tobacco
Coming up with the topic of tobacco use can be tough, but it's important to talk about it ——especially if you think your child may have already tried or used other tobacco products.
①__________
Remember—keep it light! You’re trying to have a conversation, not give a lecture. ②__________
Really listen to what your child has to say without judging. Learn effective listening skills to make your conversations more positive.
Talk about your values, even when your children are young. Tell your kids why you disapprove of smoking and that you will be disappointed if they pick it up.
③__________Even though adults know that using tobacco has terrible long-term consequences, teens may be more affected by the idea of the short-term ones, such as bad breath,foul-smelling clothes, or stained teeth.
Talk about peer (同龄人)pressure. ④__________Let your kids know that you understand how difficult it can be to say no to friends, but that it's important to stand by your values and beliefs. Tell your child about the consequences of smoking in your family, and let them know that you will follow through on them.
the conversation beyond just cigarettes. Make sure to point out that all tobacco products are dangerous and addictive, even if they seem much safer than cigarettes.
It's easy to feel like you're not getting through to your kids when you talk about tough issues like tobacco use. But remember that you do have an effect on their decisions.
⑤__________To help your children make smart decisions about tobacco use, bring up the topic early and talk with your children about it on a regular basis.
A. Don't do all of the talking.
B. Focus on short-term consequences.
C. And also keep in mind that your expectations matter to them.
D. The best way to address peer pressure is to talk about it directly.
E. Comment on an advertisement or TV show that shows someone smoking.
F. Some kids find it easier to talk when they're not looking you straight in the eye.
G. To make sure you have the best possible influence on your children, start talking about tobacco early.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My twin sister and I studied in the same school for ten years. The first day we entered the campus, we were 1 by its beauty and bright-colored stone sculptures of fairies (精灵) that 2 there.
As we got older, I discovered the school wasn’t always where beauty was an everyday 3 . The weather-beaten stone statues badly needed 4 . However, there weren’t enough staff to get everything done.
I decided to do something to give the campus a new 5 . My sister had a similar idea and we came up with a plan to secretly 6 the school. Having carefully worked out a project, we got 7 from the administration (管理层) to do it.
We first painted the stone sculptures, refreshing the few remaining fairies. To bring 8 and magic to the campus, we painted on the doors of the boy’s and the girl’s bathrooms the sun and moon representation 9 designed by my sister.
The tree by the school gate was dead and its bare branches were 10 , leaving only the trunk. The young schoolmates were 11 by the loss of this tree and the trunk left was a sad 12 to them of the once-living tree. 13 transforming this trunk into a fairy house for visiting fairies to stop by and have a little snack, I put little 14 in the house so that the children could look into the little fairy kitchen while walking by. While cutting and shaping the trunk took many hours, it was well worth it for we 15 a wound in our natural environment.
Everything done, we smiled heartily looking around the fantastic “new” school.
1.A.educated B.struck C.relaxed D.disturbed
2.A.settled B.visited C.worked D.chatted
3.A.routine B.habit C.expectation D.purpose
4.A.removing B.replacing C.wrapping D.painting
5.A.chance B.look C.background D.culture
6.A.explore B.publicize C.beautify D.protect
7.A.permission B.reward C.promise D.concern
8.A.security B.honesty C.politeness D.imagination
9.A.proudly B.bravely C.artfully D.anxiously
10.A.turned in B.cut off C.picked out D.given up
11.A.astonished B.disappointed C.annoyed D.upset
12.A.flag B.reminder C.tool D.start
13.A.Instead of B.In hope of C.In addition to D.In spite of
14.A.windows B.bells C.handles D.curtains
15.A.recorded B.hid C.cured D.spotted
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The start of the school year is always a ①_____________(stress) time for children,parents, ②_____________ (teach)and advisers. It is important at the ③_____________ (begin) of a school year to establish a routine. Homework,bedtime and eating dinner need doing around ④_____________ same time each day. This helps create parent expectations for their children and helps the children know ⑤_____________ the expectations will he, which reduces stress.
In the current term, changing a student's schedule is not an option. Even if a student is unhappy with a class, he needs to try his best and receive the best grade he can. ⑥_____________, the student can visit his adviser about changing his schedule for next term.
The most important factor for ⑦_____________ (succeed) in school is showing up. If a student ⑧_____________ (miss) a great deal of school or skips class,he is missing a part of learning. Once a student gets behind,he may give up because he doesn’t think he can make the work up ⑨_____________ (easy). Once a student starts not to go to school, it becomes a habit,and the student may end up not ⑩_____________ (attend) at all.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你校英文报将举办题为"My Favorite Chinese Scientist"的征文活动,请你写一篇文章投稿,要点包括:
1.科学家简介;
2.该科学家的贡献;
3.对你的影响。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favorite Chinese Scientist
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文,根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Several years ago I loaned a girl some cash as she badly needed some work done to her car. We eventually worked in different cities but remained friends. About a year later she sent me a card thanking me for helping out and repaid me, which I had never expected from her. The $250 she gave me was nice to have, but honestly was not needed, nor did I expect her to repay me.
About a week after I had been given this cash, I went on a late night food run with a friend, when I encountered a homeless man who was taking shelter from the less than pleasant weather we were having at the time. The homeless man who was sitting at a table next to us was told by the waitress that he couldn't be there if he didn't order anything. I overheard him ask how much a cup of coffee was, counted the few dollars he had in his pocket, and a little reluctantly ordered coffee so he could stay inside.
As I heard all of this, and thinking of the cash I had just received but didn't need, I felt this might be someone I could help. So I engaged the man in some conversation, because I know most people who are homeless don't get the benefit of casual conversation very often. I learned he was aged 45 and had previously worked as a tree trimmer(修剪工) off the books. Unfortunately about a year ago he fell while working and badly hurt his back and was no longer able to work until he got his back medically addressed. After about 10—15 minutes of conversation I told him that if he felt comfortable accepting my offer, I would buy him whatever food off the menu he wanted. He resisted because he didn't want to trouble me. I insisted he accept my offer because everyone deserves a warm meal. He eventually accepted and ordered something simple.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After paying the bills, I pulled $250 out of my wallet and folded it into my pocket._________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With tears in his eyes, the homeless man insisted he get my phone number so he could repay me some day._________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第一段“To help make up for sleep lost during marathon night flight, migrating(迁徙) birds take hundreds of power naps(小睡) during the day, each lasting a few seconds." 可知,文章开头提出了文章的主旨,故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ the birds rested one eye . .. from danger" 可知,有睡意时,画眉鸟还是会很小心,故C项正确。
3.推理判断。根据最后一段“What’s interesting is that even animals should make up for sleep loss ... if not all, animals, not to mention humans. ” 可知, 动物都需弥补睡眠不足,更不用说人类了,由此可以推断动物和人类都需要睡眠,故选A。
B
答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段可知,对于你所能想到的几乎任何事情,睡眠充足的人将会发挥他们的最好水平。故正确答案为A。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句话可知选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第六段中的“this is what you could do today: Take a 30-minute nap during the day. ”可知选C。
4.主旨大意题。本文首段点明文章主旨:无论你训练多么刻苦,如果没有充足的睡眠你就会失败。后面详细论述充足的睡眠对健康生活的重要意义。故正确答案为A。
C
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.C
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“An international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems 可知,maternal bond应是与父母的关系, 尤其是有母亲的监管,故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”及第二句“They also suggest that attachment(依恋),particularly to mothers,is a more effective factor”及第三段最后—句"More than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mothers used drugs. ”可以推测,选项C与父亲生活的Juliet更容易有吸毒的风险,故选C:。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"These findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use." 可知,和父母一起生活只能预防吸毒,并不能完全杜绝,因此选项A错误;由第二段最后一句“The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents, how well they were supervised (监护) after school and whether they were allowed lo meet friends at home. ”可知这些青少年都填写了调查问卷.并被问及他们和父母及祖父母之间的关系,由此可以推测选项B和C正确;由最后一段中“Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol” 可知,英国学校举行了抵制毒品的活动,由此推测选项D正确。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“but McArdle said no one is dealing with the problem of parental responsibility” 可知,父母和社会对孩子吸毒问题都负有责任, 故选C。
D
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句话可知,大多数人倾向于在周末(不上班的时候)改变日常作息规律,比平常睡得更多。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Those with an evening chronotype(时型)一 meaning their biological clock is more suited to going to bed and waking late-were more at risk of these changes than earlier sleepers and risers. ” 可知,与早睡早起的人相比,晚睡晚起的人更容易受到周末睡懒觉的危害。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Worry is bad for sleep and we naturally compensate(弥补) for not getting enough rest in the week by lying in at weekends,’"可知,他认为我们不应当完全否定周末睡懒觉这一做法,这是我们补觉的一个方法。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Sleep is a way ... be scared of a lie-in." 可知,作者对周末来睡懒觉持赞同的态度。
第二节
答案：G; A; B; D; C
解析：提起烟草这个话题并不容易,但是如果你认为你的孩子已经沾染上烟草或是其他相关产品,那么谈论这个话题就显得尤为重要。本文建议父母早一点儿谈及这个话题,并给予正面积极的影响。
1. G本文的第一段出现了 the topic of和 talk about这样的关键词,由此可判断本段开门见山地表达了父母要与孩子谈论这个话题,而G项中出现了talking about, 属于同词复现的范畴,故G项符合题意。
2. A 根据空线后一句“Really listen to what your children have to say without judging. ” 可知此处建议父母倾听孩子的想法,而不要总是自己说。因此A项符合题意。
3. B 根据空线后文“.. teens may be more affected by the idea of the short-term ones, such as ..." 可知当和孩子谈论吸烟的影响时,他们更多的是受短期影响而不是长远性的影响。由此可判断,B项符合语境。
4.D 由本段的标题句“Talk about peer pressure. ”,可知孩子远离烟草的其中一个障碍是来自同伴的压力,D项恰好讲到到了解决同伴压力的锻好办法就是直接说明情况。故D项符合题意。
5. C 空线前一句中的关键 词 remember与 C项中的keep in mind进相对应的,同时两句中的But和And also也起到了关键性的作用。因此C项正确。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D; 5.B; 6.C; 7.A; 8.D; 9.C; 10.B; 11.D; 12.B; 13.B; 14.A; 15.C
解析：1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:进入校园的第一天,我们就被它的美丽和放置在那里的仙女彩石雕塑所打动。A.educated受过教育的;B.struck对......印象好的;C.relaxed放松的;D.disturbed烦恼的。根据该句中的"its beauty and bright-colored stone sculptures of fairies”(它的美丽和彩石雕刻的仙女)可知,作者对校园的印象很好。故选B项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:进入校园的弟一天,我们就被它的美丽和放置在那里的仙女彩石雅塑所打动。A.settled放置;B.visited看望;C.worked.工作;D.chatted闲聊。根据句型结构,可知此处是定语从句,修饰前面的名词stone sculptures of fairies,表示放置在校园的酷塑。故选A项。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着年龄的增长,我发现在学校里,美丽并不总是人们每天的期望。A.routine常规;B.habit习惯:C.expectation期里;D.purpose目标。根据后句The weather-beaten stone statues badly needed 4”(这些饱经风霜的石像急需喷涂。)可知,校园里的一些设施和雕塑都年久失修,没有达到人们对美丽校园的期望。故选C项。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些饱经风霜的石像急需喷涂。A.removing移开;B.replacing替代;C,wrapping包装;D.painting喷涂。根据前句As we got older, I discovered the school wasn't always where beauty was an everyday 3"可知,校园里的设施都需要维护。故选D项。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我决定做点什么来让校园焕然一新。A.chancet机会;B.look面貌;C.background背景;D.culture文化。根据前文,可知校园里的设施需要修缮,但是没有足够的人员去做这件事,于是我决定行动起来去修缮校园。故选B项。
6.考查动词问义辨析。句意:我姐姐也有类似的想法,我们想出了一个秘密美化学校的计划。A.explore探索;B.publicize出版; C.beautify美化;D.protect保护。根据前句"I decided to do something to give the campus a new 5"可知,姐妹俩打算修复校园里的设施,美化校园。故选C项。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们仔细拟定了一个项目,得到了管理部门的许可去做这件事。A.permission允许;B.reward回报;C.promise承诺;D.concemn关注。根据文意,此处意指姐妹俩拟定计划后向学校管理层申请许可执行自己的美化校园的计划。故选A项。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了把想象力和魔力带入校园,我们在男女洗手间的门上画上了我姐姐巧妙设计的太阳和月亮的图案。A.security安全;B.honesty诚实;C.politeness礼貌;D.imagination想象力。根据句意及and后名词magic,可知此处意指姐妹俩用想象力装扮校园。故选D项。
9.考查副词词义辨析。句意:为了把想象力和魔力带入校园,我们在男女洗手间的门上画上了我姐姐巧妙设计的太阳和月亮的图案。A.proudly骄做地;B.bravely勇敢地;C.artfully艺术地;D.anxiously焦虑地。根据本句“To bring 8 and magie to the campus'"可知,姐妹俩非常创造性地,用艺术性的手段装饰校园。故选C项。
10.考查动词短语辨析。句意:学校门口的那棵树已经死了,光秃秃的树枝都被砍掉了,只剩下树干。A.turned in.上交;B.cut of砍掉;C.picked out挑选出;D.given up放弃。根据本句"leaving only the trunk'"可知,姐妹俩把树枝都砍掉了。故选B项。
11.考查形容词词义辩析。句意:年轻的同学们为这棵树的消失而难过,留下的树干是他们对这棵曾经活着的树的悲伤提醒。A.astonished震惊的;B.disappointed失望的;C.annoyed烦恼的;D.upset失落的。根据the loss of this tree可知,有些校友因为砍掉了树枝感到有些失落。故选D项。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意:年轻的同学们为这棵树的消失而难过,留下的树干是他们对这棵曾经活着的树的悲伤提醒。A.flag旗帜;B.reminder提醒;C.tool工具;D.start开始。根据句意,此处意指剩下的树干对这些校友来说,就是一个令人shide提醒。故选B项。
13.考查介词短语辩析。句意:我希望把这个箱子变成一个仙女之家,让来访的仙女们在这里停留和吃一点零食,我在房子里装了小窗户,这样孩子们走过的时候可以看到仙女的小画房。A.Instead of替代;B.In hope of希望;C.In addition to除了;D.In spite of尽管。根据句意,此处意指姐妹俩想把这个树干变成一个仙女之家。故选B项。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我希望把这个箱子变成一个仙女之家,让来访的仙女们在这里停留和吃一点零食,我在房子里装了小窗户,这样孩子们走过的时候可以看到仙女的小厨房。A.windows窗户;B.bells铃铛;C.handles门把手;D.curtains窗帘。根据本句"look into the little fairy kitchen while walking by"可知,姐妹俩给树干做了一个小窗户,这样路过的人就可以看到树干里面。故选A项。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然切割和塑造树干花了很多时间,但这是非常值得的,因为我们治愈了一个我们自然环境里的伤口。A.recorded记录;B.hid隐藏;C.cured治愈;D.spotted看到。根据wound及文意,此处意指姐妹俩的行动美化了校园,修复了校园里的缺陷和伤痕。故选C项。
第二节
答案：1. stressful2. teachers3. beginning4. the5. what6. However7. success/succeeding8. misses9. easily10. attending
解析：
学年的开始对孩子、父母和老师而言都是很紧张的,本文提供了一些建议,帮助孩子顺利地适应学校。
1. stressful考査词性转换。所填词修饰后面的名词time。故填形容词形式stressful,意为“有压力的”。
2. teachers考査词性转换。空格前是名词children,parents,and后面连接的也是名词advisers,所以空格处也填名词的复数,即teachers。
3. beginning 考查非谓语动词。at the beginning of ...是固定搭配,意为“在 ……开始的时候"。
4. the考查冠词。空格后是same,常和the连用。
5. what考査宾语从句。所填词放在动词know后面,引导的是宾语从句,从句中缺少表语,所以用what。本句句意为“这帮助父母们给孩子制订期待目标,也帮助孩子们了解这些期待将会是什么,这样会减少压力”。
6. However考查副词。空格前讲述的是在本学期孩子如果不满意也不能改变课程了。要尽最大努力,得到最好的成绩。空格后是对next term的安排,学生们可以改变下学期的课程,所以空格前后为转折关系,且空格后有逗号,所以填However。
7. success/succeeding 考查词性转换。介词for后面要跟宾语,即名词或者动名词,故填success或者succeeding。
8. misses考查主谓一致。主语是第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词与其保持一致, 填misses。
9. easily考査副词。所填词做状语修饰动词,所以用副词形式。即easily。
10. attending 考査非谓语动词。end up doing sth.是固定结构,意为“最终做某事”。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
My Favorite Chinese Scientist
My favorite Chinese scientist is Yuan Longping,the "father of hybrid rice".(科学家简介) As one of China's most famous scientists,Yuan devoted himself to studying agriculture.His hybrid strains have helped feed not just China but many other countries that depend on rice as well.【高分句型一】
He received numerous awards, but he cared little for celebrity or money.Instead,he made large donations to support agricultural research.(该科学家的贡献)
Yuan's great contributions to human beings and his noble personality have impressed me deeply, which motivates me to be excellent.【高分句型二】(对你的影响)
第二节
答案：
paragraph1:
After paying the bills, I pulled $250 out of my wallet and folded it into my pocket. As my friend and I got up to leave, he again thanked me for the kindness and the conversation.【高分句型一】I shook his hand, looked him dead in the eye, and handed him the $250. I told him he was a good man who had some terrible luck and nothing more, hoping this would be a big step in a better direction for him.(在作者要离开时,把250美元送给了这个无家可归的人,希望可以帮助到他)
paragraph2:
With tears in his eyes, the homeless man insisted he get my phone number so he could repay me some day.I told him that how he could repay me was some day when he saw someone who needed help and he was in a position to help, and let the love pass on. I wished him the best in his path forward, and left with my friend, feeling that we can take action to help make the world around us better. 【高分句型二】(作者的感想)