人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 1 Art课件（5份打包）

(共142张PPT)
UNIT 1 ART
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 课文翻译
教材原文 教材译文
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 西方绘画简史
什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个准确的定义。由于西方艺术的风格迥异，用一篇简短的文章把它们都描述出来是不可能的。也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展历程。
教材原文 教材译文
The Middle Ages （from the 5th to the 15th century） During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else 中世纪（5至15世纪）
在中世纪，西方艺术旨在向人们宣传有关基督教的知识。因此，艺术家们对描绘写实的场景并不感兴趣。他们的作品通常较为原始且二维化，主体人物往往被塑造得比其他人大很多，以此来彰显他们的重要性。13世纪,
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教材原文 教材译文
to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone （1267-1337）. While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. 随着乔托·迪·邦多纳（1267—1337）的出现，这种情况开始发生变化。虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。
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教材原文 教材译文
The Renaissance （from the 14th to the 17th century） New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. 文艺复兴时期（14至17世纪）
新的观念和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的旧观念和价值观。因此，画家们对宗教题材的关注变少了。他们开始对生活采取更具人文主义的态度。
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教材原文 教材译文
An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio （1401-1428）. Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci （1452-1519）, Michelangelo （1475-1564）, and Raphael （1483-1520） built upon Giotto and Masaccio’s innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen. 这一时期的一个重要突破就是马萨乔（1401—1428）对透视法的运用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇（1452—1519）、米开朗基罗（1475—1564）和拉斐尔（1483—1520）, 在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出了欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。
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教材原文 教材译文
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt （1606-1669）, who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. 另一个创新是油画颜料的使用。因其深邃的色彩和现实主义风格，一些最好的油画看起来宛如照片。尽管早在达·芬奇时期，画家们就已经开始使用油彩绘画了，但这种技艺被伦勃朗（1606—1669）运用到了极致，他被誉为“光影大师”。
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教材原文 教材译文
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, 在题材上，重心逐渐从宗教主题转移到了我们周围的人和世界上。国王、贵族和地位很高的人都想购买自己和他们所爱之人的写实画像。还有人则想要能够描绘重要的历史事件或神话故事的画作。最后，
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教材原文 教材译文
most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at. Impressionism （late 19th to early 20th century） The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. 大多数客户都想要看起来漂亮且有趣的画作。
印象派（19世纪末至20世纪初）
西方艺术的发展开始放缓，直到19世纪中叶摄影术的发明。在那之后，人们不再需要绘画来保存人类和世界的面貌了。
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教材原文 教材译文
Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet （1840-1926） called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene-the subjective impression the scene gave him-but not a 因此，画家们不得不寻找一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。印象派由此在法国兴起。这一新运动的名字来自克劳德·莫奈（1840—1926）名为《日出·印象》的画作。在这幅作品中，莫奈试图表达场景中的光线和变化，这是场景给他的主观印象，
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教材原文 教材译文
detailed record of the scene itself. While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir （1841-1919）, focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoir’s paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. 而不是对场景本身的详细记录。
虽然许多印象派画家描绘的是自然或日常生活的场景，但是其他人，如雷诺阿（1841—1919），则专注于（描绘）人。与那个时期冷色调的黑白照片不同，雷诺阿的绘画充满了光影和色彩，极具生命力。
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教材原文 教材译文
He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well. Modern Art （from the 20th century to today） After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do next ” Painters such as Picasso （1881-1973） 他在展现他笔下人物的外在形象之余，也力图呈现他们内在的温暖和人性。
现代艺术（20世纪至今）
继印象派之后，后来的艺术家们开始问：“我们接下来该做什么呢？”以毕加索（1881—1973）
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教材原文 教材译文
tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ” 为代表的画家们试图用一种新方法——立体主义——分析自然界中存在的各种形状。另一些画家则赋予了他们的画作一种现实但梦幻般的质感。还有一些人转向了抽象艺术。他们不再致力于展示现实，而是提出问题：“什么是艺术？
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Ⅱ. 词汇拓展
1. __________ /pr 'sa s/adj. 准确的；精确的→____________/pr 'sa sli/adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此
precise
precisely
2. ____________ / ri: 'l st k/adj. 现实的；逼真的→__________/'ri: l z m/n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→__________ /'ri: l st/n. 现实主义艺术家（或作家等）；现实主义者→_______/'ri: l/adj. 真实的；真的→ __________ /ri’ l ti/n. 现实
realistic
realism
realist
real
reality
3. _____________ /, hju: m 'n st k/adj.人文主义的→___________ /hju:'m n ti/n. 人性；人道；（统称）人类→ ________ /hju: m n/n. 人，人类
humanistic
humanity
human
4. ______________ /, nflu’en l/adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→ ____________ /, nflu ns/n.影响（力）；作用
influential
influence
5. ______________ /f 't gr fi/n. 照相术；摄影→_____________ /, f t grɑ: f/n. 照片 v. 拍照→_______________ /f 't gr f ( r )/n. 摄影师
photography
photograph
photographer
6. _________ / 'm : d /vi. & vt. 出现；浮现；暴露→___________/ 'm : d nt/adj.处于发展初期的；新兴的
emerge
emergent
7. ____________ /'sk lpt ( r )/n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术→___________ /'sk lpt( r )/n. 雕刻家；雕塑家
sculpture
sculptor
8. _________ /'v u l/adj. 视觉的；视力的→___________ /'v u l /adv. 外观上；表面上→ _________ /'v n/n. 视力；视野
visual
visually
vision
10. _____________ / n’vestm nt/n. 投资额；投资；（时间、精力的）投入→_________ / n’vest/ v. 投资；投入（时间、精力等）
investment
invest
9. _______ /ɑ: t /vt. & vi. 呈弧形横跨；（使）成弓形 n. 拱；拱门；拱形物→ _________ /ɑ: t t/adj. 拱形的；弓形的
arch
arched
Ⅲ. 情境词块
1. set apart from _________________________________
使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
2. as a result _______
结果
3. concentrate on ___________________
集中注意力于……
4. build on _______________
以……为基础
5. focus on _____________
集中于……
8. 对……的态度 _________________________
an attitude to/towards
9. 赢得声誉 ____________________
gain a reputation
10. 也；又；还 __________
as well
6. turn to ___________________
转向；向……求助
7. 尤其；特别 ________________
in particular
Ⅳ. 情境佳句
1.
句型公式 It is+adj.+(for/of sb.) to do sth.
教材原句 It is hard to give a precise definition. 很难给出一个准确的定义。
中文例句 带礼物去参加乔迁派对是传统。
句式仿写 __________________________________________________________
It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
2.
句型公式 what 引导名词性从句
教材原句 After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. 在那之后，人们不再需要绘画来保存人类和世界的面貌了。
中文例句 我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。
句式仿写 ____________________________________________________
What we can’t get seems better than what we own.
Ⅰ. 文本理解
1. Reading for the main idea.
What’s the main idea of the text ( )
A. Characteristics of Western painting.
B. A brief history of the development of Western painting.
C. Some representatives of Western painting.
D. Four different art styles.
B
Reading for the structure.
Fill in the following blanks with proper words.
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Age Characteristics Artists
The Midle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century) ●religious themes ●1.____________ ●two-dimensional ●the main characters weremuch 2.________ than everyone else ●a more Giotto di Bondone
primitive
larger
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A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Age Characteristics Artists
The Renaisance (from the 14th to the 17th century) 3.____________ atitude to life ●the use of 4.____________ ●the use of oil paints ●emphasize 5.________and the 6._______ aroundus 7.________;
Leonardo da Vinci;
Michelangelo;
Raphael;
8._________
primitive
Masacio
Rembrandt
perspective
people
world
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A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Age Characteristics Artists
Impresionism (late 19th to 9._____________________) ●convey the 10._______ and 11._________ in the scene ●paint scenes of 12.________ or 13.___________ ●some painters focus on 14.______ 15.
_______________; Renoir
early20th -century
Claude
Monet
light
movement
nature
daily life
people
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A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Age Characteristics Artists
16. ___________(from the 20th century to today) ●analyse the shapes in a new way ●a realistic but 17._____________ quality ●some turned to 18.___________ art Picaso
Modern Art
dream-like
abstract
Reading for the details.
1. What is the purpose of Western art during the Middle Ages ( )
A. Painting realistic scenes.
B. Teaching people about Christianity.
C. Showing real people in a real environment.
D. Showing a deep emotional impact.
B
2. Which of the following artists doesn’t belong to the Renaissance ( )
A. Masaccio. B. Leonardo da Vinci.
C. Raphael. D. Claude Monet.
D
3. What caused the emergence of Impressionism ( )
A. The invention of photography.
B. The slow development of Western art.
C. People’s love for nature.
D. The artists’ love for themselves.
A
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text ( )
A. The paintings of Giotto di Bondone are representative of The Renaissance.
B. Artists in the Middle Ages began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.
C. Impression， Sunrise was created by Renoir.
D. Modern artists are not sure about the future of art.
D
5. From which is the passage probably taken ( )
A. A storybook. B. A science magazine.
C. An art magazine. D. A business report.
C
Ⅱ. 难句突破
1. Perhaps the best way ____________________________ is _________________________________________________ over the centuries.
【译文】_____________________________________________________________________
to understand Western art
to look at the development of Western painting
也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展历程。
[解析] 【分析】 本句是一个 主系表 结构，其中第一个动词不定式短语to understand Western art作 后置定语 ，修饰way；第二个不定式短语to look at the development of Western painting作 表语 。
2. ___________________________________________________， this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669)， __________________________________________________________.
【译文】___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil
who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light
尽管早在达·芬奇时期，画家们就已经开始使用油彩绘画了，但这种技艺被伦勃朗(1606—1669)运用到了极致，他被誉为“光影大师”。
[解析] 【分析】 本句是一个 主从复合 句，主句为this technique reached its height with Rembrandt，其中While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil为while引导的 让步状语从句 ，who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light为who引导的 非限制性定语从句 ，修饰Rembrandt。
Ⅲ. 概要写作
Step 1 Question Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1. During the development of Western art, how many periods are mentioned in the text
_________________________________________________________
Four periods of Western art are mentioned in the text.
2. What did painters mainly paint during the Middle Ages
__________________________________________________
They mainly painted things of religious themes.
3. What are the characteristics of the paintings during the Middle Ages
___________________________________________________
The paintings are primitive and two-dimensional.
4. What are the two innovations during the Renaissance
__________________________________________________
They are the use of perspective and oil paints.
5. What subject did painters mainly pay attention to during the Renaissance
________________________________________________________________________
The painters mainly paid attention to people and the world around us.
6. What painting is the representative of Impressionism
______________________________________________________________________________
Impression, Sunrise by Claude Monet is the representative of Impressionism.
7. After Impressionism, what did artists do
_______________________________
They began to seek new ways.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. 使用句型转换方式改写第1句。(There be…)
_______________________________________________________________
There are four periods of Western art mentioned in the text.
2. 使用词汇替换方式改写第2句。(relate to)
______________________________________________________________________________
During the Middle Ages, painters mainly painted things related to religion.
3. 使用定语从句合并第2、3句。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
During the Middle Ages, painters mainly painted things related to religion, whose works are primitive and two-dimensional.
4. 使用词汇替换方式改写第5句。(focus on)
_________________________________________________________________
The painters mainly focused on people and the world around us.
5. 使用句型转换方式改写第6句。(非谓语动词作后置定语)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
The representative of Impressionism is the painting called Impression, Sunrise by Claude Monet.
Step 3 Summary Writing
1. 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的文章概要。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There are four periods of Western art mentioned in the text. During the Middle Ages, painters mainly painted things related to religion, whose works are primitive and two-dimensional. Next is the Renaissance, when painters used perspective and oil paints, focusing on people and the world around us. Then emerged Impressionism. The representative of this period is the painting called Impression, Sunrise by Claude Monet. After Impressionism, artists began to seek new ways. This period is called Modern Art.
1. in particular 尤其；特别；格外
In particular， his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. 他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。（教材P2）
典例翻译
① He loves reading， science fiction in particular. = He loves reading， especially/particularly science fiction.
_______________________________
他喜欢阅读，尤其是科幻小说。
② In this particular case， no one else was involved.
_________________________________________
在这个特定案例中，没有其他人牵涉其中。
③ As we all know， the British are rather particular about table manners.
_______________________________________
众所周知，英国人对餐桌礼仪相当讲究。
④ We are particularly grateful to him for his timely help.
_____________________________
我们特别感谢他的及时帮助。
归纳拓展
（1）particular adj. 特定的；特别的；挑剔的
对……讲究/挑剔 ______________________
（2） _______________ adv. 尤其；特别；格外 （相当于in particular）
be particular about
particularly
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① [2019浙江] What’s _______________ （particular） interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause.
particularly
② Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing _____particular.
in
（2） 单句写作
③ 这位设计师在用色上非常讲究。
_____________________________________________________________
The designer is very particular about the colours he uses.
2. set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于
In particular， his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. 他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。（教材P2）
典例翻译
① Man’s ability to reason sets him apart from other animals.
___________________________________
人的思考能力使其有别于其他动物。
② In legend， people set off firecrackers to scare the monster “Nian” away.
___________________________________
传说，人们放鞭炮是为了吓跑年兽。
④ Encouraged by the government， many cities set up wind farms on their land.
___________________________________________________________
在政府的鼓励下，许多城市在它们的土地上建立了风力发电场。
③ He is used to setting down his important thoughts in his diary.
_____________________________________
他习惯了把他的重要想法写在日记里。
归纳拓展
（1）出发；动身；使爆炸 __________
（2）留出；忽视；不顾 ____________
（3）着手；开始（后跟doing sth.） ____________
（4）（怀着目标）开始工作（后跟to do sth.） __________
（5）写下；记下 ___________
（6）建立；安排；搭建 _________
set off
set aside
set about
set out
set down
set up
学以致用
（1） 用set的相关短语填空
① [2019北京] Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur （创业者）， who in May 2015 _________ her business AilieCandy.
set up
② ____________ some time each day to practice speaking English， even if it is only five minutes.
Set aside
（2） 句式转换
③ Armed with the information you have gathered， you can ____________ preparing your business plan.
= Armed with the information you have gathered， you can __________ to prepare for your business plan.
set about
set out
3. as a result结果；因此
As a result， painters concentrated less on religious themes. 因此，画家们对宗教题材的关注变少了。（教材P2）
典例翻译
① I often turn to my classmates or teachers for help. As a result， I have made progress in my study.
__________________________________________________________________
我经常向我的同班同学或老师求助。因此，我在自己的学习上取得了进步。
② Her hair started falling out as a result of the sudden disease.
_________________________________________
由于这场突如其来的疾病，她开始掉头发。
③ Lack of safety education resulted in the two boys’ drowning.
_________________________________________
安全教育的缺失导致了这两个男孩的溺亡。
④ The terrible accident resulted from a driver’s drunk driving.
_________________________________________
那起可怕的事故是由一个司机酒驾引起的。
归纳拓展
（1）因为；由于 _________________
（2）结果为；导致 ____________
（3）由于；源自 ______________
as a result of
result in
result from
易错辨析
as a result “因此；结果”，是介词短语，常作状语，使用时其前常有一个表示原因的句子
as a result of “因为；由于”，是介词短语，后面接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① The sports meeting has to be put off as a result_____the terrible weather.
of
（2） 句型转换
② He was too careless. As a result， he failed the English test.
→He failed the test _________________ his carelessness.
→His carelessness ______________ his failure in the English test.
→His failure in the English test ________________ his carelessness.
as a result of
resulted in
resulted from
4. influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的
Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci （1452-1519）， Michelangelo （1475-1564）， and Raphael （1483-1520） built upon Giotto and Masaccio’s innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen. 一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇（1452—1519）、米开朗基罗（1475—1564）和拉斐尔（1483—1520），在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出了欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。（教材P2）
典例翻译
① The board of directors are influential in deciding whether to carry out the new project.
_______________________________________。
董事会成员左右着是否要进行这个新项目
② His writings have influenced the lives of millions.
___________________________
他的作品影响了数百万人。
③ You may have experienced something called test anxiety， which can have a negative influence on your performance.
___________________________________________________________________
你可能经历过一种叫做考试焦虑的东西，它会对你的表现产生负面影响。
归纳拓展
（1）对（做）某事颇有影响 ___________________________________
（2）influence v. 影响；对……起作用 n. 影响；作用；支配力；影响力
对……有影响 ______________________________
be influential in （doing） sth.
have an influence on/upon…
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① [2020浙江1月] A key skill set for success is persistence（毅力）， a characteristic that researchers say is heavily _____________ （influence） by fathers.
influenced
② [2019天津] It is advisable that you present some works of the most______________（influence） artists and have a brief review of how Western painting has developed into what it is today.
influential
（2） 单句写作
③ 梵高（Van Gogh） 对于现代绘画的发展有着重大影响。（have an influence on）
________________________________________________________________________
Van Gogh had a major influence on the development of modern painting.
5. reputation n. 名誉；名声While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil， this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669)， who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. 尽管早在达·芬奇时期，画家们就已经开始使用油彩绘画了，但这种技艺被伦勃朗(1606—1669)运用到了极致，他被誉为“光影大师”。(教材P2)
典例翻译
① Burns had/enjoyed a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around.
_________________________________________
伯恩斯以为人风趣幽默、平易近人而著称。
② The law firm has an excellent reputation.
___________________________
这家律师事务所声誉卓著。
③ He is a well-respected teacher and what he has done for the kids has won him a good reputation.
_____________________________________________________________________
他是一位受人尊敬的老师，他为孩子们所做的一切为他赢得了良好的声誉。
④ If you frequently break your promises， you will destroy/ruin your reputation and people won’t trust you anymore.
_________________________________________________________
如果你经常食言，就会损毁你的名誉，人们将不会再相信你。
归纳拓展
（1）以……而闻名 ________________________________
（2）有美名/恶名 _______________________________________
（3）赢得好名声 __________________________________
（4）败坏/毁掉某人的声誉 _________________________________
（5）名副其实live up to one’s reputation
have/enjoy a reputation for…
have a good/bad/excellent reputation
win/earn/gain a good reputation
destroy/ruin one’s reputation
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① Daydreamers have a bad reputation______being unaware of what’s happening around them.
for
（2） 完成句子
② 孙悟空是《西游记》中的人物之一，在读者中享有良好的声誉。
Sun Wukong， one of the characters in Journey to the West，________________________among readers.
has a good reputation
③ 这家餐厅的服务果然名不虚传，我们得到了很好的服务。
The service at this restaurant_____________________________， and we were well served.
lived up to its reputation
6. purchase vt. 购买; 采购 n. 购买; 购买的东西
Kings， nobles， and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. 国王、贵族和地位很高的人都想购买自己和他们所爱之人的写实画像。(教材P2)
典例翻译
① Customers who pay by credit card can purchase tickets from the website at a low discount.
_______________________________________________
用信用卡付钱的顾客可以以低折扣从该网站购票。
② She likes comparing prices before she makes a purchase.
_______________________________
她喜欢比较价格后才购买东西。
归纳拓展
（1）从……购买…… ___________________
（2）采购 __________________
purchase…from…
make a purchase
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① Now， even cars can _______________ (purchase) on the Internet with just a few clicks of a mouse.
be purchased
② You can purchase the equipment _______ the local supplier.
from
（2） 单句写作
③ 老师们建议学校应该购买更多的电脑来满足学生的需求。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Teachers suggested that the school should purchase more computers to satisfy students’ needs.
④ 本周他将和他的父母一起去超市采购。
________________________________________________________________________________
This week he is going to make a purchase in the supermarket with his parents.
7. emerge vi. & vt. 出现; 浮现; 暴露
From this， Impressionism emerged in France. 印象派由此在法国兴起。(教材P3)
典例翻译
① When I caught sight of the scenery， a wonderful thought emerged in my mind.
___________________________________________________
看到眼前的风景，我脑海里浮现出了一个绝妙的想法。
② The rain stopped and the sun emerged from behind the clouds.
_________________________________
雨停了，太阳从云层后露了出来。
③ He emerged as a key figure in the event.
___________________________________
他在这次赛事上作为关键人物出现。
归纳拓展
（1）从……中出现 ______________
作为……出现 ____________
（2） ____________ n. 出现; 显现
（3） ___________ adj. 新出现的; 处于萌芽阶段的
emerge from
emerge as
emergence
emergent
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① Bioengineering is an ___________ (emerge) branch of learning.
emergent
② The 1960s saw the ____________ (emerge) of many new nations.
emergence
（2） 完成句子
③ 2020年，在线学习成为一种流行的模式。
_____________________________ a popular mode in 2020.
Learning online emerged as
8. convey vt. 表达; 传递(思想、感情等); 传送
In this work， Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene-the subjective impression the scene gave him-but not a detailed record of the scene itself. 在这幅作品中，莫奈试图表达场景中的光线和变化，这是场景给他的主观印象，而不是对场景本身的详细记录。(教材P3)
典例翻译
① I found it hard to convey my feelings in words. _________________________________
我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。
② Please convey my appreciation to your parents for their kindness.
_____________________________________________
请向你的父母传达我对他们的好意的感激之情。
③ Your luggage will be conveyed from the airport to the hotel by taxi.
_____________________________________
你的行李将由出租车从机场送到酒店。
归纳拓展
（1）表达某人的情感/谢意/祝愿 ________________
_______________________
（2）向某人表达/传达…… _____________________
（3）把某人/某物从……运送到…… _____________________________
convey one’s feelings/thanks/wishes
convey sth. to sb.
convey sb./sth. from…to…
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① The police asked the driver to convey the passengers from the spot_____the destination safely.
to
② The officer ordered that the necessities______________ (convey) immediately to the earthquake-hit areas.
be conveyed
（2） 单句写作
③ 这首诗向读者传达了诗人的情感。
_____________________________________________________
This poem conveys the poet’s feelings to readers.
1. as引导状语从句
As there have been so many different styles of Western art， it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 由于西方艺术的风格迥异，用一篇简短的文章把它们都描述出来是不可能的。(教材P2)
典例翻译
① Do as you are told， or you’ll be fired.
_________________________________________
叫你做什么你就做什么，否则你会被解雇。
② As she grew older， she gained in confidence.
___________________________________
随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。
③ Search as they would here and there， they could find nothing in the room.
_______________________________________________
尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
④ The task is not as hard as I thought.
_________________________________
这项任务没有我想象的那么困难。
归纳拓展
（1）as引导的状语从句有以下几种：原因状语从句， _______________ ，时间状语从句， _______________ ，和 _______________ 。
（2）as引导让步状语从句时，意为“ _____________”，从句要倒装，常把从句中的 _______ 、 _______ 、 ___________________ 提前。若提前的表语是可数名词单数，其前不用冠词。
方式状语从句
让步状语从句
比较状语从句
虽然，尽管
表语
状语
谓语中的实义动词
学以致用
（1） 完成句子
① 随着时间的流逝，我妈妈的头发变白了。
__________________ ，my mother’s hair has turned grey.
As time goes by
② 他的英语说得和你一样流利。
He speaks English ____________________________ .
as fluently as you （do）
（2） 句型转换
③ Although it was hot at night，we slept soundly because we were so tired after a long journey. （as引导让步状语从句）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Hot as it was at night， we slept soundly because we were so tired after a long journey.
2. while引导让步状语从句
While his paintings still had religious themes， they showed real people in a real environment. 虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。（教材P2）
典例翻译
① Some people live in a dream world while others live to realize their dreams.
___________________________________________________
有些人生活在梦想的世界里，然而其他人生而为圆梦。
② While I admit that there are problems， I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
_____________________________________________________
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题解决不了。
③ While I was waiting at the bus stop， three buses went by in the opposite direction.
_________________________________________________
我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。
归纳拓展
（1）while的用法：
①连接并列分句，表示两种情况的对比，意为“ _______ ”。
②引导 _______________ ，意为“虽然，尽管”，通常位于主句之前。
③引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，从句谓语动词通常为 _____________ 。
然而
让步状语从句
延续性动词
（2）while， although， though， as引导让步状语从句的区别：
区别 例句
while 引导让步状语从句时，多位于句首，且从句不用倒装语序。 While I agree with you， I do not think that your way is the best. 虽然我同意你（的说法），但我不认为你的方法是最好的。
although 引导让步状语从句时，从句不用倒装语序。 Although he is still a child， he has already taken the responsibility of taking care of his family. 尽管他还是个孩子，但他已经承担起了照顾家庭的责任。
区别 例句
though 引导让步状语从句时，从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，用倒装语序时，常把表语、状语、实义动词提前。 Though his clothes were old and worn， they looked clean and of good quality. 他的衣服虽然很旧，但看上去干干净净，质地很好。
as 引导让步状语从句时，从句要用部分倒装，常把从句中的表语、状语或谓语中的实义动词提前。 Exhausted as they were， they were full of a sense of achievement because they succeeded in completing the project on time. 他们虽然很累，但是充满了成就感，因为他们成功地按时完成了该项目。
续表
学以致用
（1） 选词填空（while/although/though/as）
① [2019课标全国Ⅰ] ________________________ the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.
Although/Though/While
② Much ____________ I admire his opinion, I do not think it is the point.
as/though
③ Music was his true passion, __________________ he had never performed outside the family.
although/though
（2） 一句多译
④ 尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少空闲时间。
_________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
= I do not have much time available, although/though I am willing to help.
Ⅰ.语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1. I remember giving you__________（精确的） instructions as to how to operate the machine.
precise
2. There is no doubt that China has achieved a great_______________（突破） in developing rural education.
breakthrough
3. The pictures on the leaflet show that the facilities on the campsite were very____________（简陋的）.
primitive
4. Qi Baishi is a famous painter in our country and his paintings are____________（逼真的）.
realistic
5. It is well known to all that in ancient China businessmen usually had a low social_______（地位）.
rank
6. It is________（高尚的） of you to spend all your weekends helping the old folk.
noble
7. Social workers must always consider the best interests of their__________（客户）.
clients
8. The application of three_____________（维度） has promoted the development of techniques in making the movie.
dimensions
9. There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas-music, acting,______________（摄影） and so on.
photography
10. These skills were passed on to_____________（随后的） generations.
subsequent
11. We should analyze_____________（主观的） and objective causes concerning anxiety of the fellows.
subjective
12. His inner conflict is related to struggles in the________（外部的） world.
outer
Ⅱ.语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
in particular; set…apart from; be fond of; build upon; turn to; concentrate on; as a result; as well
1. Her humorous speech and decent dressing______her_____________other candidates.
set
apart from
2. People have better access to health care than they used to, and______________they’re living longer.
as a result
3. Do you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry-Tang poetry from China________________
in particular
4. Our peaceful life________________the devotion of many great people who risked their lives to protect us.
is built upon
5. After he left university, he became a teacher, but later____________astronomy.
turned to
6. More and more young people______________conveying their feelings on the blog.
are fond of
7. Participating in this club helps us to learn more about drama, and develop our self-confidence and cultural qualities__________.
as well
8. As graduation approaches, instead of losing ourselves in the sadness of parting, we should______________more_____our hopes for a bright future.
concentrate
on
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
There 1.___________（be） so many different styles of Western art over the centuries. Here, let’s look at the brief introduction of Western painting.
During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was 2.____________（present） religious themes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional. This 3.___________（gradual） changed in the 13th century with a painter, whose paintings are set apart from others by their realistic human faces and deep
have been
to present
gradually
4. ___________（emotion） impact. During the Renaissance, new ideas and values slowly replaced 5._______（that） held in the Middle Ages. Painters began to concentrate less on religion and adopt a more humanistic attitude 6.____________life. Some influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo produced some of the greatest works 7.______Europe had ever seen. With time going by, great changes took place in society and these changes 8.____（lead） to new painting styles. There followed Impressionism, and
emotional
those
to/towards
that
led
some famous artists also emerged in this period. After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask what art is. Some gave 9.________（they） paintings a realistic but dream-like quality while others turned to abstract art. Maybe, no one can predict 10.______ painting styles will be like in the future.
their
what
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. [2020山东师大附中检测] Having retired from the human resources, old Ben makes an attempt__________（work）as a trainee in an online fashion shop.
to work
2. [2020江苏] _____is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
It
3. [2020全国新高考Ⅰ] The tests show that the social environment is extremely______________（influence） when we’re making decisions.
influential
4. ________________________rock music and poetry have many differences, they both do have the power to make us think about how we feel.
While/Though/Although
5. A computer explanation blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,__________（rank） them by similarity.
ranking
6. The message___________（convey） in this cartoon is apparent-actions speak louder than words.
conveyed
7. We are trying to raise public awareness of environmental protection,_______________（particular） air pollution.
particularly
8. He had a deep voice, which set him apart_______others in our small town, and he was strong and powerful.
from
Ⅱ.同义替换
concentrate…on; be fond of; emerge; primitive; purchase; in particular; convey; as a result
1. No doubt that the truth will come out one day._________
emerge
2. My grandfather likes handing out advice to all my friends._____________
is fond of
3. Tickets may be bought in advance from the box office.____________
purchased
4. It was a good concert-I especially enjoyed the last song.________________
in particular
5. Doctors are aiming to pay more attention to prevention than cure.__________________
concentrate…on
6. Finally, I’d like to express my sincere thanks to all those who have helped today._________
convey
7. He overslept. Therefore, he didn’t catch up with the bus.______________
As a result
8. The facilities in the local hospital are old-fashioned and unreliable.____________
primitive
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. 由于高铁给我们的生活带来了极大的便利，我们可以在一夜之间穿越半个中国。（as引导原因状语从句）
______________________________________________________________________ , we can travel across half of China overnight.
As the high-speed railway has brought great convenience to our
life
2. 虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营中相处得很好。（while 引导让步状语从句）
___________________________________________________, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
While the students came from different countries
3. 我们必须以信誉为基础去扩大业务。（build on）
We must__________________________ to expand business.
build on our reputation
4. 在如此可怕的情况下，没有人可以求助，这个女孩感到无助。（turn to）
With____________________ in such a frightening situation, the girl felt helpless.
no one to turn to
5. 她很喜欢中国古典文学，诸如唐诗、宋词等都涉猎过。（be fond of）
___________________________________________________ and has spent some time reading Tang and Song poetry, etc.
She is very fond of Chinese classical literature
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[2020山东济南历城二中高二月考] Art researchers have found a hidden painting of a man under one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces, The Blue Room. By using infrared （红外线的） imagery they discovered that the hidden man under the painting was a man with his face resting on his hand. Now the question that scientists at The Phillips Collection hope to answer is simple. Who is he
The finding of the hidden man in The Blue Room leads to new research about the 1901 painting, which was created by Picasso in Paris at the start of his blue period of unhappiness. Researchers discovered that the hidden man was painted in a reworked composition by Picasso. They are sure that it is not a self-portrait. They think it might be the Paris art dealer Ambrose Villard who hosted Picasso’s first show in 1901, but there’s no record or evidence to prove this, so the research continues.
Hidden pictures have been found under Picasso’s other
important paintings, such as La Vie and Woman Ironing. A technical explanation of La Vie at the Cleveland Museum of Art also found that Picasso reworked the painting’s composition. And scientists found a portrait of a man under Picasso’s painting Woman Ironing at the Guggenheim Museum in Manhattan.
Dorothy Kosinski, director of The Phillips Collection, said more new knowledge about Picasso’s paintings could be discovered through high-tech cooperation among museums. “Our audience are curious about the high-tech research because it can help them know
more about the paintings. It’s giving them a doorway to make them understand Picasso’s paintings more,” she said. “The more we can understand, the greater our appreciation of the paintings will be.”
1. What do researchers agree according to Paragraph 1 ( )
A. A man is hiding behind The Blue Room.
B. A painting of a man is hidden under The Blue Room.
C. The Blue Room is Pablo Picasso’s favorite masterpiece.
D. A man is taking a rest in The Blue Room of Pablo Picasso.
B
[解析] [语篇解读] 研究者们运用红外成像（技术）发现毕加索的作品中有隐藏的画。
【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第一段中的“Art researchers have found a hidden painting …”可知，研究者们发现《蓝色房间》里面有一个隐藏的男子肖像。
2. What can we know about the hidden man in The Blue Room ( )
A. He first showed up in 1901.
B. He is Ambrose Villard from Paris.
C. Nobody knows for sure who he is.
D. He was not painted by Pablo Picasso.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据第二段中的“but there’s no record or evidence to prove this…”可知，没有记录和证据表明画中隐藏的男子的身份，研究还需继续，由此可推知，目前还没有定论。
3. What’s the similarity among The Blue Room, La Vie and Woman Ironing ( )
A. They are painted by Dorothy Kosinski.
B. They have a hidden picture.
C. They are exhibited at the same museum.
D. They have a hidden self-portrait.
B
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第一段、第三段内容可知，这三幅画都是毕加索的杰作，其中都有隐藏的画。
4. What can we know from the last paragraph ( )
A. The research on Picasso’s works can add mystery to him.
B. The audience are curious about the doorway of the museums.
C. More people will be crazy about researching Picasso’s life.
D. The high-tech research can help people know more about Picasso’s paintings.
D
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据最后一段中的 “‘Our audience are curious…of the paintings will be.’” 可知，对毕加索的画进行高科技研究会帮助人们进一步认识他的作品。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. composition n. 作品；创作2. evidence n. 证据；证明3. portrait n. 人物画像；肖像4. appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
难句分析
原句：By using infrared imagery they discovered that the hidden man under the painting was a man with his face resting on his hand.
通过使用红外成像技术，他们发现这幅画下面隐藏着一个人，他的手托着脸。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。By using infrared imagery 是方式状语；that 引导宾语从句；with his face resting on his hand是with的复合结构。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2020华中师大一附中高二期末考试] The world’s youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans thanks to his ability. Oratilwe Hlongwane, whose DJ name is AJ, is 1_________learning to put together words, but the baby is already able to 2_________and play music from a laptop and has become famous in South Africa. His abilities have even 3_________him special appearances, with fans 4_________to hear his bass-heavy house music.
His recent 5_________at a supermarket in his home of
B
C
A
A
D
Johannesburg 6_________a large crowd as he moved his head to the 7_________, with large headphones around his neck. His mother, Refiloe Marumo, 8_________his success to his father Glen Hlongwane’s decision to buy an iPad for his then unborn son. Mr. Hlongwane, a gymnastics coach and 9_________DJ, had planned to download some educational apps for the child as well as a DJ app for himself. A mobile phone recording of him playing music was shared online and the youngster now has nearly 25,000 Facebook 10_________. However, some people 11_________his parents of
C
D
D
C
B
C
abusing and making money from their child’s ability. Mr. Hlongwane said he would not “ 12_________his kid” and said he wasn’t allowed to play in clubs or at parties 13_________his age. The parents also insisted that they would not 14_________their son to be a DJ when he grows up, but said they believed his interest in electronic equipment would probably decide his future. Mr. Hlongwane added, “I can see a 15_________Bill Gates here.”
C
A
D
C
1. ( )A. never B. still C. therefore D. merely
B
[解析] [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了世界上最年轻的DJ——奥提维·隆韦恩，虽然他只有两岁却拥有成千上万的粉丝。
根据下文的 “but the baby…”可知，他还是个婴儿，故此处应指还在学习说话。故选B。
2. ( )A. create B. adopt C. select D. tease
C
[解析] 选择，符合语境。
3. ( )A. earned B. exchanged C. risked D. updated
A
[解析] 根据常识可知，此处是指他的能力为他赢得了特别的出场机会。earn 赚取，符合语境。
4. ( )A. desperate B. unwilling
C. admirable D. appropriate
A
[解析] 此处表示粉丝们迫切地想要听到他的音乐。desperate不顾一切的。符合语境。
5. ( )A. movement B. competition
C. reputation D. appearance
D
[解析] 结合语境可知，此处是指他最近在约翰内斯堡的一家超市露面。appearance 出现，符合语境。
6. ( )A. moved B. benefited
C. attracted D. disappointed
C
[解析] 根据上文“The world’s youngest DJ who is just two years old has thousands of fans”可知，他的出现吸引了一大群人，故选C。
7. ( )A. rhyme B. flash C. pattern D. beat
D
[解析] 根据下文的“with large headphones around his neck”可知，他脖子上挂着耳机，听着音乐，头在跟着节拍转动。beat 节拍，符合语境。
8. ( )A. exposed B. accustomed C. appealed D. owed
D
[解析] owe sth. to sb. 表示“把……归功于某人”。
9. ( )A. allergic B. cautious
C. devoted D. ridiculous
C
[解析] 根据下文的“as well as a DJ app for himself”可推知，他自己也是一名忠实的DJ。devoted 挚爱的, 忠诚的，符合语境。
10.( )A. competitors B. followers
C. sponsors D. experts
B
[解析] 结合语境可知，此处是指一段他演奏音乐的录音在网上被分享，现在他有几乎25,000名粉丝，故选B。
11.( )A. accomplished B. acquired
C. accused D. convinced
C
[解析] 根据下文的“his parents of abusing and making money from their child’s ability”可知，此处是指一些人指责他的父母滥用孩子的能力并从中赚钱。accuse sb. of doing sth. 表示“指控某人做某事”。
12.( )A. take charge of B. take possession of
C. take advantage of D. take place of
C
[解析] 根据下文的“he wasn’t allowed to play in clubs or at parties 13 his age”可知，孩子的父亲是不会利用他的孩子来赚钱的。take advantage of 利用，符合语境。
13.( )A. due to B. in spite of
C. rather than D. even if
A
[解析] 结合语境可知，此处是指因为他的年龄，不允许他在俱乐部或派对上表演。due to 因为，由于，符合语境。
14. ( )A. demand B. allow C. doubt D. force
D
[解析] 根据语境可知，此处是指孩子的父母不会强迫他长大后当DJ。force强迫, 迫使，符合语境。
15.( )A. realistic B. contemporary
C. future D. predictable
C
[解析] 根据上文的 “they believed his interest in electronic equipment would probably decide his future” 可知，这里指未来，故选C。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. thanks to 因为；由于
2. merely adv. 仅仅；只是
3. ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的
4. in spite of 尽管；不管
5. contemporary adj. 当代的；现代的
难句分析
原句：His recent appearance at a supermarket in his home of Johannesburg attracted a large crowd as he moved his head to the beat, with large headphones around his neck. 他最近在约翰内斯堡的一家超市露面，吸引了大批群众，他脖子上挂着耳机，头随着节拍转动。
分析：这是一个主从复合句；as引导时间状语从句；with的复合结构表示伴随。
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2020课标全国Ⅲ] In ancient China lived an artist 1____________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像）done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2___________（fine）work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3____________（choose）, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River-perhaps he could learn a little
whose
finest
be chosen
from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4______________（curious）, the artist packed his bags and left. 5___________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的）artist, they smiled and 6__________（point） down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7__________（find） the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 8_________（gentle）along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls
curiosity
When/As
pointed
to find
gently
and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9______________（surround） the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled（谦卑）by the greatest artist 10______ earth, Mother Nature.
surrounding
on
1. ________
whose
[解析] [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，以秀美的漓江为背景，讲述了中国古代的一位画家被世上最伟大的画家“大自然”的魅力所征服的故事。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 artist，且在从句中作 paintings 的定语，故填 whose。
2. _________
finest
[解析] 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的 all great artists 和空后的 choose the best 并结合语境可知，此处表示最高级含义，应用 finest。
3. ____________
be chosen
[解析] 考查动词的语态。从句主语 he 和 choose 之间为被动关系, 应用被动语态，且设空处位于情态动词之后, 故填be chosen。
4. ____________
curiosity
[解析] 考查名词。设空处位于介词with后作宾语，应用名词形式，故填curiosity。
5. __________
When/As
[解析] 考查连词。根据语境可知, 当他问江岸上的村民们他要到哪儿才能找到这位传奇的画家时，村民们笑着指了指江水的下游。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，故填 When/As。
6. __________
pointed
[解析] 考查动词的时态。设空处与and前的smiled并列，叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填pointed。
7. __________
to find
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。结合语境可知，此处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。
8. _________
gently
[解析] 考查副词。此处修饰动词moved，应用副词，故填gently。
9. ______________
surrounding
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，设空处为后置定语，修饰clouds，且clouds和surround之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填surrounding。
10. _____
on
[解析] 考查介词。on earth意为“世界上”，为固定短语。(共61张PPT)
UNIT 1 ART
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
教材链接
（1）（教材P2）Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
（2）（教材P2）During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
（3）（教材P3）In this work, Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene-the subjective impression the scene gave him-but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
（动词不定式作表语）
（4）（教材P3）What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
（5）（教材P8）From bronze bowls to ceramic vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times.
观察上面句子，系动词is或was后的不定式在句中作_______。
表语
要点精析
一、概述
动词不定式（to+动词原形）是非谓语动词的一种形式，在句中不能单独作谓语，可以作除了谓语以外的其他句子成分，包括主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语、宾语补足语等，它不受主语人称和谓语动词时态变化的影响。
（1）动词不定式的形式变化
时态变化 主动式 被动式
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing /
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing /
（2）动词不定式的否定形式：not to do
She persuaded me not to go to the dangerous area.
她劝说我不要去那个危险的地方。
二、不定式作表语的用法
（1）当主语是以aim, suggestion, duty, way, hope, idea, intention, purpose, plan, ambition等为中心的名词词组或what 引导的名词性从句时，其后常用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。
Our plan is to make better use of these materials.
我们的计划是更好地利用这些材料。
What I want to suggest is to start work at once.
我的建议是立刻开始工作。
The best way to encourage your kids to enjoy meals is to involve them in the planning and preparing. 鼓励你的孩子们享受食物的最好方法是让他们参与计划和做饭的准备工作。
（2）表示主语的具体内容、目的。
The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required.
下一步是确保你确切地知道你需要什么。
（3）表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。
We believe humans are to live a better life in the future.
我们相信人类在将来会过上更好的生活。
（4）表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
According to the schedule, the research team is to set off for Shanghai next week. （安排）
根据日程安排，研究小组将于下周出发去上海。
You are to have a face-to-face talk with them. （劝告）
你应该和他们当面谈一谈。
You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. （愿望）
要想成功, 就必须有耐心，有毅力。
三、动词不定式作表语时的特殊用法
（1）当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时, 作表语的不定式可省略to。
What you ought to do now is be more patient and kinder to your children.
你现在应该做的是对你的孩子更有耐心，更和善。
In the evening, the only thing he did was read on the blog.
晚上他做的唯一的事是浏览博客。
（2）不定式短语 to let, to blame, to seek 等常用主动形式表示被动含义。
The house is to let, and those who are interested can contact the landlord.
这栋房子要出租，有意向的人可以联系房东。
Who is to blame for the population decline of the tigers in that area
谁应该为那个地区老虎数量的下降负责任？
四、不定式作表语和动名词作表语的区别
（1）表示具体的一次性的动作时常用不定式作表语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作时常用动名词作表语。
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。
My job is to teach you English this term. 我这学期的工作是教你们英语。
（2）不定式和动名词作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致。
To learn a language is to use it. 学习一门语言就是为了使用它。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
实战演练
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. [2020全国新高考Ⅰ] The purpose of this race is_____________（inspire） us students to pay more attention to physical exercise.
to inspire
2. [2020全国新高考Ⅰ] The objective of most speeches is_____________（benefit） the audience.
to benefit
3. [2020 江苏] When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no way of knowing that his life was____________（change）completely.
to change
4. My dream is_________________（admit） to a key university and make contributions to our society in the future.
to be admitted
5. What I want to do is_________________（express） my thanks to you for offering me the job, which gives me a chance to develop myself.
（to） express
6. The goal of education is_____________（develop） a fine personality in children.
to develop
7. My next work was_______________（construct） a nest and anchor it in a tree.
to construct
8. [2019浙江] While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was__________（show） generosity and sympathy.
to show
9. The main purpose of this activity is_________（let） more people understand the importance of learning Chinese.
to let
10. As is known to all, the first and best victory is_____________（conquer） yourself.
to conquer
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 周游世界就是为了领略不同的风景，欣赏不同的文化。（appreciate）
To travel around the world is_______________________________________________________________.
to enjoy different scenery and appreciate different cultures
2. 教育的目的是培养对社会有用的人才。（talent，定语从句）
The purpose of education is________________________________________________.
to develop talents that are useful to society
3. 他应该为所发生的事情负责。（sb. be to blame）
__________________for what had happened.
He was to blame
4. 要是他们问我这个棘手的问题, 我该说什么呢？
___________________if they ask me the tough question
What am I to say
5. 这次艰难的经历注定会改变他的人生。（change one’s life）
This challenging experience________________________.
is to change his life
Ⅲ. 语法填空
I have a close friend, whose ambition is 1. __________（work） in the computer industry when he grows up. The first thing he plans to do now is 2._____________（study） hard. But he has some difficulty in 3.__________（learn） English. So he turns to his consultant, whose duty is 4.__________（assist） students to solve the problems. The woman seems 5.______________（understand） him thoroughly. Her suggestion is that he 6. ______________（do） more reading, which will benefit him a lot. It’s no use 7.________ （
to work
（to） study
learning
to assist
to understand
（should） do
saying
say） without action. Following this suggestion, what he decides to do is 8.________________（search） for some reading materials and form a habit of 9.__________（read）. Now everything seems 10.________（be） all right, and he begins to enjoy his study and becomes confident.
（to） search
reading
to be
1. __________
to work
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者讲述了他的好朋友在学英语过程中碰到困难时及时向老师求助，并最后取得成功，从而变得自信的故事。
考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作从句表语，说明ambition的具体内容。
2. _______________
（to） study
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作表语，此处to可以省略。
3. ___________
learning
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。have difficulty in doing sth. 表示“在做某事上有困难”。
4. ____________
to assist
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作从句的表语，说明duty的具体内容。
5. ________________
to understand
[解析] to understand 考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth. 表示“似乎……”。
6. ________________
（should） do
[解析] 考查虚拟语气。主语表示“建议”时，其后的表语从句要用虚拟语气，形式为“（should+）动词原形”。
7. _________
saying
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。it is no use doing sth. 表示“做某事是没有用的”。
8. ________________
（to） search
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作表语，说明what引导的主语从句的具体内容，前面有do, to可以省略。
9. __________
reading
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。介词of 后跟动名词作宾语。
10. ________
to be
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth. 表示“似乎……”。
基础达标练
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. People who have_________（vision） and hearing disabilities heavily rely on their sense of touch.
visual
2. The young man_________________（criticise） for not treating his job seriously.
was criticised
3. A___________（memory） will be built in memory of those who lost their lives in the war.
memorial
4. His confidence has been______________（permanent） affected by the failure.
permanently
5. Thanks to their_____________（invest）, the researchers make a breakthrough in technology.
investment
6. He returned with the____________（intend） of spending the Mid-Autumn Festival with his family last week.
intention
7. In Chinese-style building, you can see_________（arch） and square doors and windows, which show great manual skills.
arched
8. People who are_________（humbly） by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes.
humble
9. Rodin is thought to have made a big contribution to modern____________（sculpt）.
sculpture
10. When I managed to reach the top of the mountain, I felt a sense of______________ （achieve）.
achievement
11. The children__________________（fascinate） by the toys in the big department store and went to buy what attracted them.
were fascinated
12. Even so, she impressed the world_______her courage and strong desire to succeed.
with
13. The singer is acknowledged as one of the_________________（represent） of the youth of her generation.
representatives
14. Profits________________（decline） as a result of the recent drop in sales.
have declined
15. Don’t jump to a_____________（conclude） before considering all the facts, or you may be easily taken in.
conclusion
16. The police attempted__________（link） the case to the strange phenomenon.
to link
17. Alfred was intensely____________（ambition）, obsessed with the idea of becoming rich.
ambitious
18. She wants to think things out quietly, so we’d better________（leave） her alone.
leave
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. When they are faced with this situation, they felt both joy and fear. （非谓语作状语）When____________________________, they felt both joy and fear.
faced with this situation
2. She got herself into a dangerous situation. In this situation, she was likely to lose her life. （where 引导的定语从句）
She got herself into a dangerous situation________________________________________.
where she was likely to lose her life
3. At that time, the young scientist expected to make a breakthrough in the organ transplant research. （what引导的主语从句）
At that time,____________________________________was to make a breakthrough in the organ transplant research.
what the young scientist expected
4. As we all know, plenty of fresh air contributes to good health. （it作形式主语）
_____________________________plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.
It is known to us all that
5. With the world becoming a global village, I find that to have a good command of English is necessary. （find+it+宾语补足语+to do sth.）
With the world becoming a global village, I______________________________________________________.
find it necessary to have a good command of English
6. Although we had tried hard, we still couldn’t receive the television signal sent out from the radio station. （as的倒装结构）
_______________________, we still couldn’t receive the television signal sent out from the radio station.
Hard as we had tried
7. Those who are contented are happy. （倒装句）
____________________________________.
Happy are those who are contented
8. These reading strategies are worthy of attention. （It is worthwhile…）
_____________________________________________________________________________.
It is worthwhile to pay/paying attention to these reading strategies
9. The students didn’t stop talking until the teacher came in. （not until的强调句）
_________________________________________________________________________.
It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking
10. The witnesses were questioned by the police and they gave very different descriptions of the fight. （非谓语动词作后置定语）
The witnesses___________________________gave very different descriptions of the fight.
questioned by the police
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 我尝试了一些有效的方法来实现我的目标。（achieve one’s goal）
I have tried some effective methods to__________________.
achieve my goal
2. 由于每个外国学生都试图自己泡茶，整个茶馆很快活跃了起来。（attempt to do sth.）
Soon the tearoom became lively with every foreign student
___________________________________.
attempting to make their own tea
3. 美丽的景色给我留下了深刻的印象，让我忘记了按时回家。（be impressed by）
I___________________the beautiful scenery and forgot to go back home on time.
was impressed by
4. 我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。（come true）
We have entered an age when dreams have the best chance of______________.
coming true
5. 他们似乎不知道发生了什么。（It appears that…）
___________________they didn’t know what had happened.
It appeared that
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
[2020江西五校协作体联考] At one time or another in your life, you have probably done origami（折纸工艺）, even if it is just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you do it, you reflect on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.
But do you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when used, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, creations inspired by origami have already appeared: in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels folded like a map.
“It’s now mathematically proven that you can fold almost anything,” says the physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full-time. Robert,
an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known car manufacturer about the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes as his plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.
Researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There’s no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folding motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memories.
Applications of this technique go further than many of us might imagine. “Some day,” says MIT’s Erik Demaine, “we’ll invent reconfigurable（可重新配置的）robots that can transform
themselves. Maybe some things in science fiction will come true in the future.”
1. What do we know about origami ( )
A. It consumes lots of time.
B. It involves interesting ideas.
C. It requires complex techniques.
D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.
B
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了折纸工艺的应用，从各种各样折叠式的东西到应用于工程学、太空等领域。
【命题立意】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据第一段中的“The chances are that…this traditional art is.”可知，折纸工艺包含有趣的想法。
2. Which of the following is an application of origami ( )
A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.
B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.
C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.
D. A future computer contains many huge folding motors.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第三段中的 “advised a well-known car manufacturer about the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard”可知，以最佳方式折叠安全气囊并放进汽车仪表盘是折纸工艺的一种应用。
3. What is Erik Demaine’s attitude towards origami’s application to engineering ( )
A. Hopeful. B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving. D. Ambiguous.
A
[解析] 【命题立意】观点态度题。
【解题思路】根据最后一段中 Erik Demaine的话可知，他认为利用这种技术将来我们可以发明出可重新配置的机器人，由此可以推断出，他对折纸在工程学中的应用抱有希望。
4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear ( )
A. Entertainment. B. Culture.
C. Education. D. Technology.
D
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。
【解题思路】通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了折纸工艺在工程学、太空等领域中的应用，都是有关科技的，由此可知，本文可能出现在报纸上的科技版块中。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. complicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的
2. enthusiast n. 热衷于……的人；爱好者
3. ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的；含混不清的
4. entertainment n. 娱乐
难句分析
原句：The chances are that as you do it, you reflect on how inventive this traditional art is. 可能当你这样做的时候，你就会反思这个传统（技艺）是多么的有创造力。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。that 引导表语从句；as引导时间状语从句；how引出的感叹句作介词on的宾语。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
[2021河北秦皇岛第一中学高二月考] A
No matter your age, you may consider My Neighbor Totoro an 1_____________ impress） movie. Delighted, heart-warming, and just plain beautiful, Totoro is one of Hayao Miyazaki’s most beloved 2_________（work）. A creative couple in Takaharu, Japan wanted to bring that magic to life in the real world. So they 3_________（create） the immediately recognizable Totoro bus stop for their grandchildren. The life-sized 4_____________（construct） quickly
impressive
works
created
construction
turned into a local tourist attraction.
I don’t know about you, but I want to go there immediately, even if it’s raining.
Wood, bricks, and cement （水泥） might not sound like a magical mixture, but in the hands of an 5______________（experience） worker, they became a real-life Totoro.
6_____ old grandparents repainted the bus stop for their grandchildren. And then they decided 7_________（open） it to the sightseeing public. Thanks 8 ______ their hard work,
experienced
The
to open
to
Totoro takes shape from a large, wooden bus stop to a painted masterpiece. A local hotel which is just steps away from the statue has been recording visitors from around the world. No matter 9______ they’re from, every visitor has a look of joy on their face as they stand next to the statue. Totoro might be made from cold cement 10______ no one can resist （抗拒） a warm hug.
where
but
1. _____________
impressive
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一对年迈的夫妻为他们的孙子孙女们设计了一个一眼就能认出的龙猫车站并因此成为了当地的旅游景点。
考查形容词。此处需用形容词修饰名词movie。impressive作形容词时意为“给人深刻印象的”。
2. ________
works
[解析] 考查名词的数。work作为名词 “作品”时是可数名词。one of表示“其中之一”，后接名词的复数形式。
3. __________
created
[解析] 考查动词的时态。根据上下文内容可知，文章的整体时态为一般过去时。
4. _______________
construction
[解析] 考查名词。life-sized意为“同原物一样大的”，是形容词，修饰名词。动词construct的名词形式为construction。
5. ______________
experienced
[解析] 考查形容词。此处需将提示词变为形容词修饰名词worker。experienced意为“有经验的”。
6. ______
The
[解析] 考查定冠词。设空处后的“old grandparents”指代上文提及的“A creative couple”。上文已经提到过的，下文再次提及，需用定冠词the表示特指。
7. __________
to open
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。根据固定搭配decide to do sth. （决定做某事）可知，此处需用不定式。
8. _____
to
[解析] 考查介词。短语thanks to 意为“由于，因为”。
9. ________
where
[解析] 考查状语从句。此处表示“无论来自哪里”，引导让步状语从句。
10. ______
but
[解析] 考查并列连词。设空处连接并列分句，并且为转折关系，因此用并列连词but。
[2020全国新高考Ⅰ] B
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e. g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1________（wealth） people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2_____until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3________（form） the core collection of the British Museum 4____________opened in 1759.
wealthy
or
formed
which/that
The parts of a museum open to the public 5____________（call）galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection 6______ （be） on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations （模拟） and imagine 7_____________（they）living at a different time in history or 8_________（walk）
are called
is
themselves
walking
through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town.
Historical 9___________（accurate） is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10_______ people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
accuracy
for
1. __________
wealthy
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源、用途以及博物馆当今的新功能。文章旨在鼓励学生去博物馆探求历史文化知识，感受艺术魅力，培养艺术品格。
考查词性转换。此处是形容词作定语，修饰名词 people。
2. _____
or
[解析] 考查并列连词。前后陈述的是两种可能性，故用or连接。
3. _________
formed
[解析] 考查动词的时态。根据上文内容以及时间状语in 1759可知，应用一般过去时。
4. _____________
which/that
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰 the British Museum(指物)，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which/that。
5. _____________
are called
[解析] 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处动词作谓语，并且此处说明事实，故用一般现在时。主语the parts of a museum和动词call之间为被动关系且表示复数概念，故填are called。
6. _____
is
[解析] 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语是a small part，谓语动词用单数形式；此处说明事实，故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
7. _____________
themselves
[解析] 考查反身代词。imagine sb. doing sth. 表示“想象某人做某事”。主语是visitors，故用反身代词 themselves 指“他们自己”。
8. __________
walking
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。连词 or 连接 living 和 walking两个并列成分。
9. ___________
accuracy
[解析] 考查词性转换。形容词 historical 修饰的名词在句中作主语，故用名词形式。
10. ______
for
[解析] 考查介词。 compete for…with…表示“为了……而与……竞争”，为固定搭配。(共123张PPT)
UNIT 1 ART
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Ⅰ. 词汇拓展
1._________________/ repr zent t v/ adj. 典型的；有代表性的 n. 代表→____________/[ repr zent/ vt. 代表；作为……的象征
2._____________/ eks b n/ n. 展览；（技能、感情或行为的）表演→__________/ ɡ z b t/ v. 展览；展出
3.___________/ɑ t st k/ adj. 艺术的；艺术家的→______/ɑ t/ n. 艺术→_________/ ɑ t st/ n. 艺术家
representative
represent
exhibition
exhibit
artistic
art
artist
4.________/ entri/ n. 加入；进入；参与→________/ ent / v. 进入；进来→___________/ entr ns/ n. 入口
5.______________/ rek ɡ n n/ n. 承认；认出；赞誉→____________ / rek ɡna z/ v. 辨认出；承认；公认
6.____________/ k sp n n/ n. 扩张；扩展；扩大→_________/ k sp nd/ v. 增加；扩展
expansion
expand
entry
enter
entrance
recognition
recognize
Ⅱ. 情境词块
1. on show___________
2. of note_________________________________________
3. on display_________
4. bring…to life_______________________________ 5. in store（for sb.）_________________________________________
6. 未能成功做某事__________________
7. 获得认可___________________
在展览中
重要的；有趣的；值得关注的；值得一提的
在展出
赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来
即将发生（在某人身上）；等待着（某人）
fail to do sth.
gain recognition
8. 被允许进入/加入……___________________
9. 值得_______________
10. 最终__________
be admitted into
be worthy of
in time
Ⅲ. 情境佳句
1.
句型公式 not…until… 直到……才……
教材原句 Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century. 佛教虽然很早就传入了中国，但直到7世纪其影响才真正开始扩大。
中文例句 直到半夜回来他才意识到他被骗了，而且蒙受了巨大的损失。
句式仿写 He________________________________________and suffered a great loss_________________________at midnight.
didn’t realize he was taken in
until he came back
2.
句型公式 “of+n.”作表语
教材原句 These works were intended to spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality. 这些作品旨在传播佛教，拥有非凡的美感和质感。
中文例句 这份新文件很重要。
句式仿写 The new file_______________________________.
is of great importance
背景导学
本栏目的活动主题是“写一则艺术展览公告”，目的是落实“Listening and Speaking”的交际功能，使语言的“听、说、读、写”能力进一步得到落实，同时增强学生对艺术作品的了解，进一步培养他们对艺术的兴趣。
教材原文 教材译文
ANCIENT CHINESE ART ON SHOW The Richfield Museum of Fine Art is proud to present our new exhibition, “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages.” Join us as we explore more than 3,000 years of wonderful art from the Middle Kingdom. 中国古代艺术展
里奇菲尔德艺术博物馆很荣幸为您介绍我们的新展览——“从商朝到清朝：中国历代艺术品展”。欢迎与我们一起探索从三国时期开始的中国三千多年的绝妙艺术。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
From bronze bowls to ceramic vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times. 从青铜碗到陶瓷花瓶，从玉雕到水墨画，我们旨在展示中国古代的艺术精华。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
The highlight of this exhibition is the painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, one of the great works of Tang Yin（1470-1524）. Born during the Ming Dynasty, Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead. In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. 本次展览的亮点是唐寅（1470—1524）的杰作之一——《函关雪霁图》。唐寅生于明朝，曾谋求入仕为官, 但未能如愿，因此他转而投身绘画事业。最终，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
This painting, showing high mountains, trees, and houses covered in snow, was made with extraordinary skill. Though it is over 500 years old, it looks as fresh and full of life as the day it was created. 这幅画运用了非凡的技巧，展现了白雪覆盖的高山、树木和房屋。虽然它有500多年的历史，但其色泽和生命力却丝毫未减。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty （1600 BCE-1046 BCE）. While the artists who made these great works are not known, they showed great skill in creating these beautiful pieces. 同样十分重要的（看点）是一组近百件的商代（公元前1600—公元前1046）青铜器藏品。虽然创造这些伟大作品的艺术家并不为人所知，但他们在创作这些美丽的作品时表现出了超高的技巧。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong（1711-1799）, a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze. 一些展品被认为是钟爱商代青铜器的乾隆皇帝（1711—1799）的藏品。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Finally, we have many fine examples of Tang Dynasty （618-907）sculptures. Most of these are of Buddhist origin. Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century. During this same period, trade along the Silk Road also boomed. 最后，我们还会展出许多唐代（618—907）的雕塑精品。它们大多源于佛教。佛教虽然很早就传入了中国，但直到7世纪其影响才真正开始扩大。同一时期，丝绸之路沿线的贸易也在蓬勃发展。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road. These works were intended to spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality. Looking at the faces of the figures in these sculptures, one sees the faces of the past. History is brought to life. 因此，中国雕塑深受经丝绸之路从印度和中亚传入的佛教艺术的影响。这些作品旨在传播佛教，拥有非凡的美感和质感。看着这些雕塑人物的脸庞，（你）可以看到过去的面貌。历史被赋予新生。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
This is just a small taste of what is in store for you in this exhibition. We guarantee that “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will transport you to another time with its amazing collection of works. “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will run until November 25. 这只是本展览为您准备的一小部分。我们保证“从商朝到清朝：中国历代艺术品展”将用其惊人的藏品带您穿越时空。
“从商朝到清朝：中国历代艺术品展”将持续到11月25日。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Opening hours are from 9:00 a. m. to 5:00 p. m., from Tuesday to Sunday （the museum is closed on Mondays）. No one will be admitted into the exhibition after 4:30 p. m. 开放时间：周二至周日，上午9:00至下午5:00（博物馆周一闭馆）。下午4:30以后禁止入场。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Admission:＄10 for adults;＄8 for students;＄5 for children under 12; free for children under 5. No photos or food and drink are allowed in the museum. 门票：成人10美元；学生8美元；12岁以下儿童5美元；5岁以下儿童免费。禁止拍照或携带食物和饮料入场。
请将文章第三段改写成一篇80词左右的口头通知。
【审题谋篇】
【词汇储备】
1. 发布通知_______________________
2. 一组__________________
3. 青铜器_________________
4. 展览__________
5. 在展出_____________
6. 被认为________________
7. 预期，计划_____________________
make an announcement
a collection of
bronze objects
exhibit
on display
be thought to
be scheduled to do
8. 拜访，参观______________
9. 报名，登记___________
10. 学生会_______________________
pay a visit
register
the Students’ Union
【句型运用】
1. 我要宣布一个通知。（make an announcement）
__________________________________
I have an announcement to make.
2. 一组近百件的商代青铜器藏品将在我市博物馆展出。（bronze objects; exhibit）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty is going to be exhibited in the museum of our city.
3. 古代的艺术家们在创作这些美丽的作品时表现出了超高的技巧。（ancient; great skill）
_____________________________________________________________________________________
The ancient artists showed great skill in creating these beautiful pieces.
4. 一些展品被认为是钟爱商代青铜器的乾隆皇帝的藏品。（be thought to）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong, a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
5. 我们定于本周六进行参观。（plan to do）
________________________________________
We plan to pay a visit this Saturday.
6. 早上8点我们在学校门口集合。（gather together）
___________________________________________________________
We are to gather together at 8:00 am at the school gate.
7. 我们被要求写一篇关于这些作品的评论。（review）
__________________________________________________
We are asked to write a review about the works.
8. 想去的同学即日起可到学生会报名。（sign up）
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Anyone who wants to go should come to sign up from now on in the Students’ Union.
【句式升级】
1. 使用词汇替换方式改写第5句。（用be scheduled to do 改写）
_________________________________________________
We are scheduled to pay a visit this Saturday.
2. 使用词汇替换方式改写第7句。（用require改写）
_____________________________________________________
We are required to write a review about the works.
3. 使用词汇替换方式改写第8句。（用register改写）
______________________________________________________________________________________
Anyone who wants to go should come to register from now on in the Students’ Union.
4. 将句5和句6用and合并。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We are scheduled to pay a visit this Saturday and are to gather together at 8:00 am at the school gate.
【串句成文】
1. 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
_____________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Attention, please.
I have an announcement to make. A collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty is going to be exhibited in the museum of our city. The ancient artists showed great skill in creating these beautiful pieces. Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong, a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We are scheduled to pay a visit this Saturday and are to gather together at 8:00 am at the school gate. We are required to write a review about the works. Hence, make sure to observe and admire them carefully. Anyone who wants to go should come to register from now on in the Students’ Union.
1. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，为了让学生对中国传统艺术作品有所了解，你校将举办一个中学生艺术作品展览会，请以校学生会的名义用英文拟一则通告。内容包括：
1. 展览的时间和地点；
2. 展览内容；
3. 参观时的注意事项。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头已经给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：艺术作品展览会 art exhibition
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高分范文Boys and girls,May I have your attention, please In order
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to make us get some art knowledge, High School Students’ Art Exhibition, whose theme is “Amazing China”, will take place from next Monday to Friday in our school’s exhibition hall. Some extraordinary artworks created by high school students will be displayed, including Chinese paintings, calligraphy works as well as delicate craftwork. The highlight of the exhibition is a painting by a boy in Senior 2, which has won an international prize. All of the works will definitely give a clearer picture of the charm of our Chinese culture.
So it is worth visiting.By the way, photos are not permitted to take during the visit. It is also bad manners to talk loudly in the exhibition hall. I’m sure you will enjoy it.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[解析] 写作指导
体裁 应用文——口头通知
时态 一般现在时、一般将来时
人称 以第一、三人称为主
要点 1. 展览的主题、时间、地点；
2. 展出的具体作品；
3. 参观时的注意事项。
高级短语及句式
1. take place 举行
2. extraordinary artworks 非凡的艺术作品
3. as well as 也；又；还
4. delicate craftwork 精致的手工艺品
5. sth. be worth doing 值得做某事
6. In order to make us get some art knowledge, High School
Students’ Art Exhibition, whose theme is “Amazing China”, will take place from next Monday to Friday in our school’s exhibition hall.
为了让我们获得一些艺术知识，主题为“惊艳中国”的中学生艺术展将于下周一到周五在我们学校的展厅举行。
7. It is also bad manners to talk loudly in the exhibition hall.
在展厅里大声说话也是很不礼貌的。
1. representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的 n. 代表
These pictures are representative of ink wash animation films. 这些图片是水墨动画电影的代表。（教材P6）
典例翻译
① They will meet representatives from industry and the government next Tuesday.
_______________________________________
下周二他们将会见产业界和政府的代表。
② The sculpture is representative of his work of that period.
___________________________________
这个雕塑是他在那个时期的代表作。
③ He represented himself as an art-lover in the novel.
_________________________________________
他在小说中把自己描绘成一位艺术爱好者。
归纳拓展
（1）是……的代表_______________________
（2）represent v. 代表；表现
把……描绘成……___________________
be representative of
represent…as….
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①It is an honor for him_______________（represent） his fellow workers to speak at the meeting.
②The popular press tends to represent him_____an environmental leader.
to represent
as
（2） 句型转换
③Paintings that represent religious themes were common in medieval times. （现在分词作后置定语）
→Paintings________________________________were common in medieval times.
representing religious themes
2. decline n. （数量、价格、质量等的）减少；下降；衰落 vi. & vt. 减少；下降；衰落；谢绝 an explanation of the decline in ink wash animation 论水墨动画的衰落（教材P6）
典例翻译
① Affected by the outbreak of the epidemic, the economy around the world went/fell into decline.
___________________________________________________
受流行病暴发的影响，世界各地的经济都开始下滑了。
② Oil production has already peaked and is on the decline in about 50 nations.
_______________________________________________________________
石油产量已经达到了最高峰，大约五十个国家的石油产量正在下降。
③ In spite of many invitations, he always declines to join get-togethers on account of his health condition.
___________________________________________________________
虽然有很多邀请，但他总是以健康状况为由拒绝参加这些聚会。
归纳拓展
（1）开始衰落/下降_______________________在减少；在下降；衰落；没落in decline/_________________
（2）拒绝做某事_____________________
go/fall into decline
on the decline
decline to do sth.
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①Home cooking seems to be_____the decline.
②At that time the Roman Empire was_____decline.
on
in
（2） 完成句子
③They______________________（拒绝告诉我） how they had got my address.
declined to tell me
3. in conclusion最后
In conclusion,… To conclude,… In short,… 总之/最后，…… 最后，…… 简而言之，……（教材P7）
典例翻译
① I drew the conclusion from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed.
___________________________________________
我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。
② I concluded from his words that the breakthrough was of great importance for his company.
_________________________________________________
我从他的话中推断出这项突破对他的公司极其重要。
③ The concert concluded with a tune of Beethoven.
_________________________________
音乐会以贝多芬的一首曲子结束。
归纳拓展
（1）得出结论__________________________________
（2）从……中推断出……__________________________
以……结束_____________________
come to/reach/draw a conclusion
conclude sth. from sth.
conclude with sth.
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①_____conclude, with this extra evidence, we can draw a conclusion with certainty.
②The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its______________（conclude） are doubtful.
To
conclusions
（2） 完成句子
③Many experts_________________________________________________（得出结论） that many diseases were linked to smoking.
drew/arrived at/came to/reached the conclusion
4. recognition n. 认出；承认；赞誉；认可
In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. 最终，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。（教材P8）
典例翻译
① The city has changed almost beyond recognition since I left there five years ago.
___________________________________________________________
从我五年前离开那里以来，那座城市已经几乎变得认不出来了。
② I recognized him the moment he came into the room.
_________________________
他一进屋我就认出了他。
④ Drugs were not recognized as/to be a problem then.___________________________________________
那时候（人们）没有把毒品看成是一个问题。
③ It is recognized that English idioms are the most challenging.
_________________________________
人们一致认为英语习语是最难的。
归纳拓展
（1）认不出来_________/out of recognition
（2）recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；认可
承认某人/某物是……________________________________
人们公认……__________________________
beyond
recognize sb./sth. as/to be…
It is recognized that…
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①The bakery business has changed beyond______________（recognize） in the last ten years.
②The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without___________________ （recognize）.
recognition
being recognized
（2） 句型转换
③Nothing is recognized to be more important than green grass and clean water. （it作形式主语）
→________________________nothing is more important than green grass and clean water.
It is recognized that
5. guarantee vt. 保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n. 保证；保修单；担保物
We guarantee that “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will transport you to another time with its amazing collection of works. 我们保证“从商朝到清朝：中国历代艺术品展”将用其惊人的藏品带您穿越时空。（教材P8）
典例翻译
① These days getting a degree doesn’t guarantee you a job.
_____________________________________
如今获得学位并不能保证你就有工作。
② Take it easy! We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.
___________________________________
放心吧！我们保证一周内给您送货。
③ The latest incident is guaranteed to make the situation worse.
___________________________________________
最近发生的这起事件必然会使情况更加严重。
④ Is your TV under guarantee
_________________________
你的电视在保修期内吗？
归纳拓展
（1）保证某人某事_____________________
保证做某事_______________________
肯定/必定会做某事___________________________
（2）在保修期内__________________
guarantee sb. sth.
guarantee to do sth.
be guaranteed to do sth.
under guarantee
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①Your mobile phone will be repaired free if it is still________guarantee.
under
（2） 完成句子
②如果他马上把申请表寄出，我可以保证他获得一个面试的机会。
If he sends the application form straight away, I can__________________________________________.
③这家汽车俱乐部不能保证满足所有会员的要求。The car club doesn’t____________________________________________________
guarantee him a chance for an interview
guarantee to meet the demands of all its members.
6. worthy adj. 值得……的；有价值的
If you are not interested in works of art by classical masters, contemporary art by emerging artists is also worthy of your attention. 如果你对古典大师的艺术作品不感兴趣，新兴艺术家的当代艺术也值得你的关注。（教材P10）
典例翻译
① I think the Great Wall and the Terracotta Warriors are the attractions mostly worthy of being visited.
_________________________________________
我认为长城和兵马俑是最值得游览的景点。
② A couple of other books are worthy of mention.
_____________________________
还有一些其他的书值得一提。
③ The topic is worthy to be discussed.
_______________________
这个话题值得被讨论。
归纳拓展
值得……；应受到……
易错辨析
单词 搭配 例句
worth be worth+n. be （well） worth doing The matter is worth
worthy be worthy of+n. be worthy of being done be worthy to be done The matter is worthy
续表
单词 搭配 例句
worthwhile it is worthwhile to do/doing sth. It is worthwhile to consider/considering the matter.
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①This article is well worth__________（read）, but it is not worthy of_______________________________ （translate）.
reading
being translated/translation
（2） 一句多译
他的建议值得考虑。
②_____________________________________________________
③________________________________________________________________④___________________________________________________________
His suggestion is worth consideration/considering.
His suggestion is worthy to be considered/of being considered.
It is worthwhile to consider/considering his suggestion.
1. 表语提前的完全倒装结构
Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty （1600 BCE-1046 BCE）. 同样十分重要的（看点）是一组近百件的商代（公元前1600—公元前1046）青铜器藏品。（教材P8）
典例翻译
① On either side of the road were rows of fruit trees.
_____________________________
路的两边都是一排排的果树。
② Gone are the days when the country had to depend on foreign oil.
_________________________________________________
这个国家不得不依赖外国石油的日子一去不复返了。
归纳拓展
主语较长时，为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调_______，要将表语前置，将主语移到系动词_______。
表语
之后
学以致用
完成句子
① 怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人出席了会议。
______________________________________________________________________________________
Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.
② 村子南端附近有一个大桃园。
__________________________________________________________________
Near the southern end of the village was a large peach orchard.
③ 这就是他在他的第一部小说中描述的那个人物。
_________________________________________________________
Such is the character he described in his first novel.
2. find+宾语+宾语补足语
Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road. 因此，中国雕塑深受经丝绸之路从印度和中亚传入的佛教艺术的影响。（教材P8）
典例翻译
① When she turned around, she found someone staring at her.
_________________________________________
当她转过身来时，她发现有人在盯着她看。
② We were surprised to find the castle still in its original condition.
_________________________________________
我们惊讶地发现那座城堡仍然保持着原样。
③ John rushed his meal, only to find them all out.
_________________________________________
约翰匆忙吃完了饭, 却发现他们都出去了。
④ She found it hard to get along with this old woman.
_______________________________
她发现与这位老太太相处很难。
归纳拓展
（1）“find+宾语+宾语补足语”意为“发现……处于……状态”，在此结构中，宾语补足语除了用过去分词外，还常用___________、_________ 、___________ 、副词、不定式、名词等。
（2）find后可接_____作形式宾语, 把真正的宾语放在宾补之后。
现在分词
形容词
介词短语
it
学以致用
（1） [2019天津）（2018课标全国Ⅲ] 单句填空
①I often found myself__________（tell） my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
②I find_____hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.
telling
it
（2） 完成句子
③我发现父亲坐在他的椅子里，专心致志地读着一本杂志。
_________________________________________, completely absorbed in a magazine.
I found my father sitting in his chair
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1. She carefully wrote down her name with an______（墨水） pen on the new notebook.
ink
2. It is essential that effective measures should be taken to protect our ________（国民的） rights.
civil
3. Instead of blaming the child who had broken the _______（花瓶）, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.
vase
4. Her special way to perform the ___________（交响乐） set her apart from other performers.
symphony
5. He was appointed as the___________（艺术的） director of the theatre.
artistic
6. The _________（青铜） statue was built in honor of a remarkable woman.
bronze
7. The museum is staging an _____________（展览） of Picasso’s works.
exhibition
8. This enabled European banks to gain ________ （进入） into new markets.
entry
9. It is estimated that the number of tourists to the resort ___________ （下降） by 10% last year.
declined
10. I had mentioned that I was fond of _______________ （当代的） music and spent most of time on it at that time.
contemporary
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
in time; on display; bring…to life ; be worthy of; keep in mind; be intended to; in decline; appeal to
1. We must_______________ that taking regular exercise is beneficial to our health.
keep in mind
2. These dedicated medical workers________________ everyone’s respect and admiration.
are worthy of
3. I learned to write with a Chinese brush __________ .
in time
4. ______________ satisfy the need of children aged 5-7, the book is accompanied by visual ani-mation.
Intended to
5. After the earthquake, the villagers tried their best to ________ the village__________ .
bring
to life
6. American office workers’ use of paper has actually been _____________ in recent years.
in decline
7. These various jade sculptures _____________can show the ancient Chinese artistic genius.
on display
8. The idea of working abroad really _____________me.
appeals to
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
A new exhibition,“From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will be on in the Richfield Museum of Fine Art. The items include bronze bowls, ceramic 1._________ （vase）, jade sculptures and ink wash paintings. The goal is 2. _________________ （display） the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times. The highlight of this exhibition is the painting 3. ___________ （call） Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, one of the great works of Tang Yin, 4._______ gained recognition as one of the 5. ____________ （great） artists China has ever known. A collection of nearly 100 bronze
vases
to display
called
who
greatest
objects from the Shang Dynasty is eye-catching as well, some of which are thought 6.___________ （come） from the collection of Emperor Qianlong, 7. _____ great ad-mirer of Shang Dynasty bronze. Many fine examples of Tang Dynasty sculptures will be 8. _____ display, too. These works were intended 9. ____________ （spread） Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality. The exhibition will transport you to another time with 10. ________（it） amazing collection of works.
to have
a
on
to spread
its
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Nowadays, facial ______________ （recognize） technology is widely used in our daily life, espe-cially when we pay or enter a station.
recognition
2. Any further industrial ____________ （expand） in the area will face fierce opposition from envi-ronmentalists.
expansion
3. The museum is holding an _____________ （exhibit）, where you will see many works by influen-tial artists.
exhibition
4. Try to spend your time just on things you find worthy _____________ （do）.
to be done
5. This painting is _________________ of his early work, _______________the life in his home-town. （represent）
representative
representing
Ⅱ. 同义替换
decline; guarantee; representative; intend; permanent; in time; appeal to
1. The number of people who have the disease has decreased significantly in recent years. ___________
declined
2. This painting is typical of his work. _________________
representative
3. The college principal promised to look into the matter. _____________
guaranteed
4. The blindness that the disease causes will be everlasting. ____________
permanent
5. He wants to see changes in the company and I am sure he will, sooner or later. __________
in time
6. The design has to attract all ages and social groups. ____________
appeal to
7. I plan to spend the night there. _________
intend
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 这幅正在展出的写实画把池塘里游动的鱼画得栩栩如生，获得了人们的称赞。（bring…to life）
The realistic painting on exhibition________________________________________________ and won people’s praise.
brought the fish swimming in the pond to life
2. 这位品质高尚的领导人毕生致力于文化教育事业，值得人们尊重。（be worthy of）The noble leader who devoted all his life to cultural and educational undertakings_________________________________ .
is worthy of people’s respect
3. 直到我被选为我班的班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。（not…until）
_____________________________________________________ I was chosen monitor of my class.
I didn’t realize the importance of teamwork until
4. 当他醒过来时，他发现自己被一群好奇的孩子包围着。（find+宾语+宾补）
When he woke up, ______________________________by a group of curious children.
he found himself surrounded
5. 做生意的人都知道本公司生产的茶叶质量上乘。（be of+n.）
Everybody in the trade knows that the tea made by our company ____________________ .
is of top quality
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
[2020广西桂林第十八中学高二开学考试] A
The Notre Dame（巴黎圣母院）fire was put out, but its spire（尖顶）and a large portion of its wooden roof were damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore!”
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely through a video game called Assassin’s Creed: Unity.
In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look a-round the undamaged Notre Dame as if it were still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect the architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of making digital models of ancient buildings to save them data dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient build-
ings with lasers, building 3-D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything pre-cisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular, the digital model has great useful value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them. The virtual tour of Mogao Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness of them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the
Great Wall became very popular at the World Expo in Hannover, which increased the number of foreign tourists vis-iting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural rel-ics.
Of course, however precise a model is, it is not the original. Maybe we will have better technolo-gies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve the architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
1. What can we see about Notre Dame in the mentioned game ( )
A. The big fire. B. Its wooden shape.
C. Its original look. D. Its present appearance.
C
[解析] [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们运用数学技术来保护建设文化遗产。”
细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “In this game, …before the fire.”可知，我们在这款游戏中可以看到巴黎圣母院原来的样子。
2. What do engineers do to create digital copies of the ancient buildings ( )
A. Build 3-D models of full size.
B. Measure all the parts exactly.
C. Scan the photos of the buildings.
D. Improve the technology needed.
B
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “By scanning the ancient…as the re-al one.” 可知，通过用激光扫描古建筑、用多重图像建立三维模型以及精确地测量每一件东西，工程师们可以制作出和真实的古建筑一样的复制品。
3. How does the author prove the importance of the digital copy in protecting the cultural relics ( )
A. By listing data. B. By making a comparison.
C. By presenting findings. D. By giving examples.
D
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “The virtual tour of…at the World Expo in Hannover”可知，作者举莫高窟和长城虚拟旅行的例子来说明数字拷贝在保护文化遗产方面的重要性。
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the application of the digital technology ( )
A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.
B
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe we will have…cultural heritage at the moment.”可知，作者认为虽然在未来会有更先进的科技，但目前来看数字技术提供了切实可行的方法来保护建筑文化遗产，所以他是支持数字技术的。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. virtual reality虚拟现实 2. heritage n. 遗产 3. date back to追溯到；始于 4. preserve vt. 保护；保存
难句分析
原句：In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the World Expo in Han-nover, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. 在
2000年的汉诺威世博会上，长城的虚拟游览非常受欢迎，这增加了在随后的几年中来长城参观的外国游客的数量。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，visiting the site in the following years是动词-ing形式短语作foreign tourists的后置定语。
[2020宁夏银川一中高二期末] B
Chinese painting, also known as traditional national painting, one of the traditional paintings with a long history, has its unique and independent system. Using brushes, ink, and Chinese pigments（颜料）, Chinese painting is drawn on a special kind of paper (Xuan paper) or silk. The traditional subjects are figures, landscapes, flowers and birds.
In comparison with Western painting, Chinese painting has its own artistic characteristics. After a careful study of the object, a painter can discover the rules of its structure and frame, and
then produce it by the mind’s eye. It is not only a simple copy, but it combines the object with the ar-tistic concept of the painter, turning a natural image into an “artistic image”. The object can con-vey the artist’s feelings and personality to achieve the effect of “being alike not only in appear-ance, but also in spirit”. Not all objects are to be drawn on the paper, and much space is left for imagination. The use of lines is important in Chinese painting. Clear, swift, sharp and changea-ble lines are combined with the push, point and press of the brush and ink to show the quality of the object and variations of the tone
（色调）. Ancient Chinese artists listed 18 different ways of drawing lines with the brush in figure painting. Different ways of creating lines were used when painting a landscape, flowers and birds, clouds and bamboos.
Traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy are different branches of art dating from the same or-igin. They use the same kind of tools and all the lines used in painting are variations of the points and lines of calligraphy. Though they are different artistic forms, they are closely linked in terms of their expression of thoughts and feelings. They influence each other to create another artistic feature.
1. The writer believes that a traditional Chinese painter’s picture ____.
A. reflects social problems of his times
B. describes mainly a natural image
C. expresses his thoughts
D. tells a true story
C
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国画。中国画是历史悠久的传统绘画之一，其和书法是不同的艺术分支。
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The object can…but also in spirit”，可知，作者认为中国传统画家的画表达了他的思想。
2. It can be inferred that a traditional Chinese painter spent much time____.
A. traveling
B. learning to draw lines
C. reading
D. studying calligraphy before drawing
B
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ancient Chinese artists listed…clouds and bamboos.”可知，一位传统的中国画家要花很多时间学习画线条。
3. What do traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy have in common ( )
A. Using the similar techniques.
B. Starting from the same period.
C. Belonging to the same artistic form.
D. Covering the same themes.
A
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，绘画中使用的所有线条都是书法的点和线的变体。所以它们使用了类似的技巧。故选A。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. unique adj. 独特的 2. in comparison with 与……作比较 3. characteristic n. 特点；特征 4. branch n. 树枝；分支；分支部门 5. in terms of 就……而言
难句分析
原句：Chinese painting, also known as traditional national painting, one of the traditional paintings with a long history, has its unique
and independent system. 国画又称传统国画，是历史悠久的传统绘画之一，有着独特而独立的体系。
分析：本句为简单句，其中also known as traditional national painting为非谓语动词短语作定语，修饰Chinese painting; one of the traditional paintings with a long history为Chinese painting的同位语。
Ⅱ. 七选五
Why people collect art
Many people through history have gone to great lengths to collect art. But what motivates these collectors
One popular explanation for collecting art is that they can have financial gain. Some resell art-works, earning enormous profits. 1_________ . Immorally, some “collectors” purchase art as a form of money laundering（洗钱）, since it is far easier to move art than cash between countries without ex-amination.
E
2_________ . For them, art is important for other reasons. The best way to understand the underlying drive of art collecting is as a means of creating and strengthening social bonds, and as a way for collectors to communicate within these new networks.
Not only are collectors fond of creating social links, but they are also motivated by the messages they can send once these social networks are created. We all know art is a powerful way for the artist to express thoughts and feelings. 3_________ . Displaying art can send a message about who the collector really is-at least who he sees himself as.
B
F
4_________. Through the collections, collectors convey messages not just about themselves, but about the world as a whole. For example, the kid with the shoebox made of bird feathers might show others her collection not just to make friends, but to convince them of the importance of protec-ting endangered species.
People collect art for various reasons. 5_________ .
G
D
A.Some gain artworks in an illegal way
B.But most collectors think little of profit
C.Artworks preserve the qualities of their makers
D.No doubt that art collecting is an addiction hard to overcome
E.Some get large tax reductions for donating art to museums
F.It also serves as an effective way for collectors to express themselves
G.Other art collectors see their collections as having a broader power
1. ____
E
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，分析了人们收藏艺术品的原因。
本空前说一些人转售收藏品以赚取巨额利润，空后说一些“收藏者”购买艺术品进行洗钱，由此可知，设空处说的也是利用艺术品获得经济利益的做法。E项符合语境，故选E。
2. ____
B
[解析] 根据本空后的“For them, art is important for other reasons.”可知，对他们来说，艺术品之所以重要另有其因。B项（但是大多数收藏家不看重经济利益）符合语境。
3. ____
F
[解析] 根据本空前的“We all know art is a powerful…”可知，艺术品是艺术家表达想法和情感的有力方式，F项承接上文，符合语境。
4. ____
G
[解析] 根据本空后的“Through the collections, …world as a whole.”可知，收藏者通过收藏品不仅传递关于他们自己的信息，还传递关于世界的信息。G项表明其他艺术品收藏者认为自己的收藏品有更广泛的影响力，符合语境。
5. ____
D
[解析] 根据本空前的“People collect art for various reasons.”可知，人们收藏艺术品有各种各样的原因，D项直接说出“毫无疑问，艺术品收藏是很难戒掉的瘾”，总结全文，故选D。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. motivate vt. 给……动力；推动；激发 2. financial adj. 财政的；财务的 3. underlying adj. 潜在的；隐含的；根本的
4. convince vt. 使……相信/信服 5. endangered species濒危物种
难句分析
原句：Not only are collectors fond of creating social links, but
they are also motivated by the messages they can send once these social networks are created. 收藏家不仅喜欢创造社交联系，他们的动力还来自一旦这些社交网络被创建他们可以发送的信息。
分析：本句为并列复合句，not only…but also…连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中Not only 提前，句子用了部分倒装，第二个分句中，messages后为省略了that或which的定语从句，once引导条件状语从句。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
1. 你市博物馆将要举行郑板桥艺术展览，请根据以下内容，写一篇口头通知。
1. 名家简介：郑板桥是清代著名画家，擅长画竹子；
2. 本周日下午3点在学校门口集合；
3. 有意者请于6月20日至6月24日到教务处报名登记。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:Attention, please. I have an announcement to make.An exhibition on the works of Zheng Banqiao is going to be held in the museum of our city. As a well-known painter in the Qing Dynasty, Zheng Banqiao enjoys great popularity in China all the time. He is famous for painting flowers and stones, especially bamboos.We are to get together at 3:00 pm this Sunday at the gate of our school. Those who want to go should come to register from June 20 to June 24, in the Teaching Affair Office.
[解析] 写作指导
体裁 应用文——口头通知
时态 一般现在时、一般将来时
人称 第一、三人称为主
要点 1. 关于郑板桥的简单介绍；
2. 展览和集合的时间、地点；
3. 其他注意事项(共60张PPT)
UNIT 1 ART
Section Ⅳ Expanding Your World
Ⅰ. 单词分层默写
1. 单词拼写
① ____________ adj. 发展水平低的；原始的；远古的 n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家（或作品）；原始派画家（或作品）
primitive
② ____________ n. 维；规模；范围
dimension
③ _______________ n. 重大进展；突破
breakthrough
④ _____________ n. 名誉；名声
reputation
⑤ ___________ vt. 购买；采购 n. 购买；购买的东西
purchase
⑥ ________ n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人 adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的
noble
⑦ _______ n. 地位；级别；行列 vt. & vi. 把……分等级；使排成行
rank
⑧ ______________ n. 照相术；摄影
photography
⑨ _________ vt. 表达；传递（思想、感情等）；传送
convey
⑩ _____________ adj. 主观的
subjective
. _____________ adj. 随后的；后来的；之后的
subsequent
. ________adj. 外表的；外边的；外围的
outer
. ____________adj. 永久的；永恒的；长久的
permanent
. _________adj. 谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的
humble
. ________n. 画面；框架 vt. 给……镶框
frame
. __________n. （数量、价格、质量等的）减少；下降；衰落 vi. & vt. 减少；下降；衰落；谢绝
decline
. ____________vt. 保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n. 保证；保修单；担保物
guarantee
. _______________adj. 当代的；现代的；属同时期的 n. 同代人；同辈人
contemporary
2. 拓展单词
① __________adj. 准确的；精确的→ ____________adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此
precise
precisely
② ____________adj. 现实的；逼真的→ __________n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→ __________n. 现实主义画家（或作家等）；现实主义者→ __________v. 实现；理解；意识到
realistic
realism
realist
realize
③ ______________adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→ ____________vt. 影响；对……起作用 n. 影响；作用
influential
influence
④ _____________n. 投资额；投资；（时间、精力的）投入→ _________v. 投资；投入（时间、精力等）
investment
invest
⑤ ___________n. 纪念碑（或像等）；纪念物；纪念品 adj. 纪念的；悼念的→ _________n. 记忆；记忆力；记性→ ___________vt. 记忆；记住
memorial
memory
memorize
⑥ ____________vi. & vt. 批评；指责；评价→ ____________n. 批评；指责；评论
criticise
criticism
⑦ _________________adj. 典型的；有代表性的 n. 代表→ ____________vt. 代表；作为……的代言人
representative
represent
⑧ ___________ adj. 艺术的；艺术家的→ ______n. 艺术→ _________n. 艺术家；（尤指）画家
artistic
art
artist
⑨ ________n. 加入；进入；参与→ ________v. 进入；加入；开始参加→ ___________n. 入口；通道
entry
enter
entrance
⑩ ______________n. 承认；认出；赞誉→ ____________vt. 承认；认出；认可→ _______________adj. 容易认出的
recognition
recognize
recognizable
. ____________n. 扩张；扩展；扩大→ _________v. 扩大；膨胀；扩展
expansion
expand
. _____________adj. 人文主义的→ ___________n. 人性；人道；（统称）人类→ ________n. 人；人类
humanistic
humanity
human
. ______________n. 照相术；摄影→ _____________n. 照片v. 拍照→ _______________n. 摄影师
photography
photograph
photographer
. _________vi. & vt. 出现；浮现；暴露→ ___________adj. 处于发展初期的；新兴的→ ____________n. 出现；显现
emerge
emergent
emergence
. _____________n. 展览；（技能、感情或行为的）表演→ __________vt. 展览；展出
exhibition
exhibit
Ⅱ. 短语搭配翻译
1. be fond of _____________
喜爱；喜欢
2. set apart from _________________________________
使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
3. be full of _______
充满
4. concentrate on _______________
集中注意力于
5. focus on _______________
集中注意力于
6. be fascinated by _____________
对……着迷
7. be impressed by _________________
对……印象深刻
8. deal with _______
处理
9. regard... as… _________________
把……看作……
10. achieve one’s goal _________________
实现某人的目标
11. on display _________
在展览
12. （be） intended to do sth. _________________________
为做某事打算（设计）的
13. 尤其；特别 ________________
in particular
14. 面对 ________________
be faced with
15. 赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来 _________________
bring…to life
16. 转向；求助于 __________
turn to
17. 因此；结果 ______________
as a result
18. 值得 _______________
be worthy of
19. 记住 _______________
keep in mind
20. 呼吁；吸引；上诉 ____________
appeal to
Ⅲ. 教材原句翻译
1. 什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个准确的定义。
_________________________________________________________________
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition .
2. 在中世纪, 西方艺术旨在向人们宣传有关基督教的知识。
______________________________________________________________________________________________
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity .
3. 虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment.
4. 他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
5. 最后，大多数客户都想要看起来漂亮且有趣的画作。
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
6. 在那之后，人们不再需要绘画来保存人类和世界的面貌了。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like.
7. 这幅画运用了非凡的技巧，展现了白雪覆盖的高山、树木和房屋。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This painting, showing high mountains, trees and houses covered in snow, was made with extraordinary skill.
8. 同样十分重要的（看点）是一组近百件的商代（公元前1600—公元前1046）青铜器藏品。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty（1600 BCE-1046 BCE）.
9. 一些展品被认为是钟爱商代青铜器的乾隆皇帝（1711—1799）的藏品。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong（1711-1799）, a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
10. 这些作品旨在传播佛教，拥有非凡的美感和质感。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________
These works were intended to spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality.
Ⅳ. 书面表达
结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
1. 一名一流的艺术家以其有影响力的作品而享有盛誉。（rank, have a reputation for…）
2. 他的作品很多人都很喜欢，尤其是年轻人。（in particular, be fond of）
3. 他的作品中传达的主题不仅仅是主体的外在形象，还有他们内心的温暖和人性。（convey, humanity）
4. 这一特点使他与众不同。（set…apart from）
5. 因此，购买他的作品被认为是明智的投资。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A first-rank artist has a great reputation for his influential works, which many people, the young in particular, are fond of. The theme conveyed in his works is not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well. This characteristic sets him apart from others. As a result, purchasing his works is thought to be a wise investment.
1. decline/d 'kla n/n. （数量、价格、质量等的）减少；下降；衰落 vt. & vi. 减少；下降；衰落；谢绝
前缀de-表示“向下，减少，降低”，clin- = lean，表示倾斜，所以decline的字面意思就是“向下倾斜”，引申为“下降，衰落”。
2. 词根clin- = lean，表示倾斜，源自原始印欧语词根＊klei-，常见变体形式为cli-。比如clinic, clinic = clin（倚靠之处，病床）+ic（形容词后缀），字面意思为“靠近病床的”，引申为“临床，诊所”。
1. The world always seems brighter when you’ve just made something that wasn’t there before. —Neil Gaiman
当你刚刚做出了某个原本不存在的东西后，世界总是会变得更好。——尼尔·盖曼
2. Art must be life-it must belong to everybody. —Marina Abramovic
艺术必须源于生活——它必须属于每个人。——玛丽娜·阿布拉莫维奇
3. We must never forget that art is not a form of propaganda；it’s a form of truth. —John F. Kennedy
我们一定不要忘记，艺术不是一种宣传的手段，它是真理的一种形式。 ——约翰·F·肯尼迪
4. You can look at a picture for a week and never think of it again. You can also look at the picture for a second and think of it all your life. —Joan Miró
你可以对着一幅画看上一周, 只是再也不会想起它。你也可以只看一幅画一秒，却一辈子都总想起它。——胡安·米罗
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. The idea that reading is somehow an activity set apart _______ life isn’t very historically accurate.
from
2. More local employment will be created, _______________ （particular） in service industries.
particularly
3. He had been ______________ （influence） in shaping economic policy.
influential
4. Michael is a lawyer with many famous __________ （client）.
clients
5. Please convey my apologies _____ your wife.
to
6. The original interview notes were _______________ （subsequent） lost.
subsequently
7. Chairs should be ___________ （visual） attractive as well as comfortable.
visually
8. He responded in champion’s style by treating the fans to an _____________ （exhibit） of power and speed.
exhibition
9. The town has changed beyond ______________ （recognize） since I was last here.
recognition
10. The book is an ____________ （expand） of a series of lectures given last year.
expansion
Ⅱ. 同义替换
primitive; be fond of; guarantee; decline; appeal to; purchase; emerge; precise; humble; concentrate on
1. He _________ a ticket and went up on the top deck. ____________
bought
purchased
2. I can remember the ________ moment when my daughter came to see me and her new baby brother. __________
exact
precise
3. The methods of communication used during the war were very _________ by today’s standards. ____________
simple
primitive
4. Richard was waiting outside the door as she ___________. __________
came out
emerged
5. Sheila ________ telling other people what to do. _____________
likes
is fond of
6. He gave a great performance, but he was very _________. _________
modest
humble
7. We __________ that you will find a community with which to socialize. ____________
promise
guarantee
8. He __________ their invitation. ___________
refused
declined
9. He____________ voters to go to the polls tomorrow. ______________
called on
appealed to
10. It was up to him to ___________ his studies and make something of himself. _________________
focus on
concentrate on
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但是可能过几天就有坏消息了。（while引导让步状语从句）
______________________________________ , there may be days ahead when it is bad.
While the news so far has been good
2. 我发现很多人已经在那里工作了。（find+宾语+宾补）
_____________________________________________ there.
I found a number of people already working
3. 我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。（what引导名词性从句）
We now live in _________________ the information age.
what is called
4. 今年, 他的计划是要对教学方法进行一些变革。（不定式作表语）
This year, his plan _____________________________________________________ .
is to make some changes in the teaching method
5. 这两个花瓶价格相同但质量不同。（be of+n.）These two vases ________________________ but they ___________________________ .
are of the same price
are of different quality
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
[2020广东湛江第一中学高二下学期期中考试]
Part drama, part dark comedy, the film To the Bone talks about a young woman’s struggle with anorexia（厌食症）. Though the film already got generally positive reviews at this year’s Sundance Film Festival, it has caused a hot debate about whether it could be harmful to those with eating disorders.
Critics of the film have focused on the leading role Lily: a
young, thin, white woman with anorexia. They think there’re some plots that have made eating disorders look like trends instead of life-threatening illnesses. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, anorexia has the highest death rate of any mental illness. Thirty million Americans struggle with eating disorders at some point in their life.
Director Marti Noxon based the film on her own battle with anorexia. She was aware of the film’s potential to have harmful effects and then tried to be really careful in the way she showed how Lily looked.“You want to help other people understand something that they’ve never experienced, but you also want people who have experienced it to feel understood and seen and to give people hope,” she added. “We are balancing a lot. I want to avoid the idea that the perfectionist quality of anorexics is their most obvious character.”
The film caught the attention of Liana Rosenman, who founded Project HEAL, an organization that helps eating disorder sufferers afford treatment. “I think it is very powerful,” Rosenman said. “There is a sense of humor and wisdom in it as well as just understanding what it’s like to have an eating disorder.”
Project HEAL recently played To the Bone in New York and Los Angeles, but it has faced sharp criticism from members of their community on social media.
1. What do we know about the film To the Bone from Paragraph 1 ( )
A. People have no interest in it.
B. It has received mixed comments.
C. It is popular among young people.
D. It tells the growth story about a girl.
B
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文主要讨论了人们对电影To the Bone的不同评价。
【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第一段第二句 “Though the film already…thosewith eating disorders.”可知，尽管这部电影在圣丹斯电影节上得到了积极的评价，但它也引起了一场激烈的争论，说明人们对这部影片的评价有好有坏。
2. What do Noxon’s words in Paragraph 3 suggest ( )
A. She admitted the film is harmful to people.
B. She tried hard to make the film benefit people.
C. People suffering from anorexia want to be perfect.
D. People having not experienced anorexia can’t understand it.
B
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段Marti Noxon说的话可知，导演努力让人们从这部电影中受益，让没有患过厌食症的人理解这一疾病，让患过厌食症的人感觉自己被理解。
3. What’s Rosenman’s attitude towards the film ( )
A. Uncertain. B. Negative.
C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段中的“‘I think it is…have an eating disorder.’”可知，Rosenman 认为这部电影充满了幽默和智慧，让人们理解了厌食症的有关情况。这说明她是支持这部电影的。
4. Where’s the passage probably from ( )
A. A film review. B. A health column.
C. A medical magazine. D. A newspaper report.
A
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】本文主要讨论了人们对电影To the Bone的不同评价，属于影评，故A项正确。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. comedy n. 喜剧 2. review n. 评价；评论；复习 3. trend n. 趋势；倾向 4. be aware of 意识到 5. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的 n. 可能性；潜力 6. criticism n. 批评；批判
难句分析
原句：The film caught the attention of Liana Rosenman, who founded Project HEAL, an organization that helps eating disorder sufferers
afford treatment. 这部电影引起了Liana Rosenman的注意，她创办了Project HEAL——一个帮助饮食紊乱患者负担得起治疗费用的组织。分析：这是一个主从复合句。who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词Liana Rosenman；an organization为Project HEAL 的同位语；that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词an organization。
Ⅱ. 七选五
[2020安徽淮南第一中学高二段考] Leonardo da Vinci and Nature
In the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardo’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. 1_________ Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct.
B
2_________
Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. 3_________ More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that without them nothing could be done.
“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote Leonardo. In all his activities, Leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual
F
G
experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas. 4_________ His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature. 5_________ His quick little sketches （素描）, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with a pen and a ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for ＄12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.
C
A
A.Leonardo was always drawing.
B.How could these be connected with art
C.Leonardo’s ideas were vastly ahead of his time.
D.Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.
E.Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.
F.You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting The Last Supper.
G.Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.
1. ____
B
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代世界，艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动，但在Leonardo的时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。文章主要介绍了Leonardo在数学和艺术方面的见解。
根据上文“In the modern world, art and science are…mathematics and medical studies.”可知，在现代世界, 艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动，但在Leonardo的时代, 它们是紧密联系在一起的。科学意味着数学和医学研究。由此可知，此处应是提出疑问：科学与艺术有什么联系？B选项符合上下文语境。故选B。
2. ____
F
[解析] 根据上文“He could also use mathematics…so the scene looked correct.” 可知，他还可以用数学根据事物之间的关系把它们画在一幅素描画或油画中，使场景看起来是正确的。由此可知，本句应当承接上文说明他的哪一幅作品体现了这种用数学来展示事物之间的关系的做法。F选项符合上下文语境。故选F。
3. ____
G
[解析] 根据后文“More than this, though, …nothing could be done.”可知， Leonardo相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分，包括音乐。G选项“Leonardo本人是一个非常好的音乐家，喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌”符合上下文语境。故选G。
4. ____
C
[解析] 根据上文“Actual experience was more…facts to ideas.”可知，对他来说, 实际经验比观念更重要。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明 Leonardo的思想。上文中的ideas与C选项中的Leonardo’s ideas相呼应。C选项符合上下文语境。故选C。
5. ____
A
[解析] 根据后文“His quick little sketches…a movement or a shape.”可知，他经常在外面闲逛的时候画一些速写，帮助自己捕捉一个动作或一个形状。由此可知，本段是在说明Leonardo日常喜欢绘画的情况。A选项符合本段语境。故选A。
深度解析
词汇积累
separate adj. 分开的；独立的；单独的
2. practical adj. 实际的；切实可行的
3. vastly adv. 极其，非常
4. instrument n. 器械；仪器；乐器
难句分析
原句：Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. 数学也与音乐有关，因为乐音彼此之间有着固定的关系，可以用数字来描述。分析：本句为主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句；关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰relationship。
Ⅲ. 读后续写
1. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My idea of love is gathering around the table for a home-cooked meal. “Come and eat,” I love to call out to my husband Jeremy, our friends, and other military wives.
Actually I didn’t even know how to cook in the kitchen when Jeremy and I got married. He had to sit me down and tell me,
“It’s not a good idea to order takeout or simply eat hot dogs every night for our health.” So, later I was on the phone with my mom every day at 5 p. m., having her talk me through the most basic recipes.
There was a lot I had to adjust to early in our marriage. The biggest thing was Jeremy’s being deployed（调度）. Not long after our wedding, Jeremy and I left our family, friends and moved to his duty station in Florida. Everything needs a fresh start in anew place. I wanted to settle in our new town, so I spent more time learning how to cook.
There was a time when Jeremy was up for deployment and I stayed at home alone. I felt excited when our community worker announced that a group of students would be coming to the town in June for a summer camp. “We’re looking for people to open their homes and host these kids on weekends,” he said. “Give them a place to do their laundry, eat some good meals and use Wi-Fi.“I signed up. In our home there was a table I’d bought in college. It sat four-enough to host two or three kids. After several weeks, the summer camp started.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I wanted my home to be a harbor for them._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:I wanted my home to be a harbor for them. I stored up snacks and planned a special dinner. When a group of three girls reached my home, I told them to help themselves to anything in the kitchen. One day, I returned to find all the chairs put in place around the table. There was a note which Jeremy and I keep on our fridge to this day: ”Your home is very comfortable for us. We are so grateful for your kindness."
The next weekend I made a delicious pot roast with buttery potatoes.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next weekend I made a delicious pot roast with buttery potatoes. The kids said the home-cooked food was very delicious and they liked it very much. From then on, I realized the joy of preparing food and opened my door and invited new friends to come and eat. Our table became a place of celebration, love, hope and friendship.
[解析] 解题思路
体裁：记叙文
时态：一般过去时
原文核心内容解读：作者婚后一开始不会做饭，后来开始学着做饭。因丈夫工作调动，她离开了家人和朋友。丈夫到任后忙于工作，作者则独自赋闲在家，正好有一群孩子要到他们那参加一个夏令营活动，作者立刻报名为他们提供食宿。
文章脉络
When: June
Where: my home
Who: I, Jeremy, a group of students
What: A group of students would be coming to the town in June for a summer camp and I signed up to host them.
写作思路
续写部分可以主要讲述作者认真招待来到家里的孩子，并得到了孩子们的感谢，而作者也从中受益颇多。
根据续写部分第一段的开头语“I wanted my home to be a harbor for them.”可知，作者想让孩子们有宾至如归的感觉，因此第一段可以写作者为此做了哪些事情，也可以提到孩子们对作者的热情招待表示感激。根据续写部分第二段的开头语“The next weekend I made a delicious pot roast with buttery potatoes.”可知，作者做了美味的食物来招待孩子们，与孩子们的感情升温，作者也体会到了打开家门招待客人的乐趣，因此经常会邀请朋友来家里吃饭，让餐桌变成一个充满爱的地方。(共7张PPT)
UNIT 1 ART
背景导学
It’s OK to say you’ve never heard of Grime-unless yon’re from the UK. That’s because this music was invented in the UK in the early 2000s.
To someone who’s not familiar with underground music culture, it’s easy to get confused between hip hop and Grime since they are both noisy. And many people didn’t bother to tell them apart, until earlier this month when Grime stars like Stormzy and J Hus led this year’s MOBO Awards—“Music of Black Origin”—an award in the UK.
Just like UK electronic music and hip hop, from which Grime drew
influence, it mostly reflects the thoughts of young people. But different from hip hop, Grime singers sing in dialect with strong accents, giving a special flavor to their songs.
Lady Leshurr, known as the “Grime Queen”, said that she once tried to hide her accent, as she didn’t want people to judge her. But one day, she realized that she didn’t need to change herself just to please others. And there’s no doubt that this is the most basic and important quality of Grime music: be yourself.
Also different from the hip hop culture, which usually focuses on being rich, Grime singers pay more attention to social phenomena
like the European refugee problem and the gap between the rich and the poor.
Although still quite young, Grime seems to be getting favored by more and more people. In 2016, the English Grime musician Skepta won the Mercury Prize with his album Konnichiwa, beating big names like David Bowie and Radiohead. However, whether Grime is one day accepted by the mainstream music world or not, one thing is for sure: in Grime, singers always stay true to themselves.
1. What do hip hop and Grime music have in common ( )
A. They are originated in the UK.
B. They make a lot of loud noise.
C. They challenge traditional cultures.
D. They are full of creative ideas.
B
2. What can be learnt about Grime singers ( )
A. They care too much about themselves.
B. They refuse to be judged by others.
C. They tend to take social responsibilities.
D. They show strong independent qualities.
B
3. What does Skepta’s success suggest ( )
A. Grime is gradually getting recognized.
B. Singers should try to be themselves.
C. Grime has become mainstream music.
D. It is easy to win the Mercury Prize.
A