社会环境类—2022届新高考英语二轮复习完形填空6篇（15空）含答案及解析

社会环境类—2022届新高考英语二轮复习完形填空（15空）通关训练试题汇编
社会环境类
一、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
As a banker, Chip Paillex had never planted so much until he moved to rural Pittstown. 1 by farms, he quickly became interested in growing and rented a 30-by-30-foot piece of land. One weekend, he 2 a large number of tomatoes, potatoes and eggplants.
He ended up with so much 3 that he couldn't give it away. Thus he founded a local food 4 , and by the time he delivered his last harvest, he had 5 120 pounds of fresh vegetables.
The following year, with a handful of 6 from "America's Grow-a-Row", Paillex planted, 7 , and harvested 2,500 pounds of vegetables, all of which were donated to the food bank. Later he had more volunteers, rented more land and donated more vegetables.
Paillex also welcomes local school kids. On a Friday morning, 40 third and fifth graders trooped onto a freshly ploughed field, each 8 with a spade(铁锹). Squatting or kneeling in teams of two, they loosened the dirt, then carefully positioned the plants. Several rows later, they eagerly lined up to seed corn under a hot mid-morning sun. Nobody 9 .
"The 10 makes kids know there are people 11 ," says Paillex, "and it plants the seed for giving back. When they become tomorrow's 12 , it will be much more possible for them to 13 their co-workers and employees to get involved in something like this."
"Paillex makes people want to 14 ," says Colleen Duerr, a mother of two who has signed on as an 15 "Grow-a-Row" member. "And families love this. Paillex has given us a way to raise our kids with a giving heart."
1.A.Trapped B.Occupied C.Prevented D.Surrounded
2.A.put aside B.planted out C.wrapped up D.got in
3.A.advice B.produce C.cost D.equipment
4.A.bank B.market C.shop D.room
5.A.donated B.sold C.found D.kept
6.A.neighbours B.employees C.volunteers D.tourists
7.A.delivered B.stored C.bought D.tended
8.A.compared B.combined C.filled D.armed
9.A.laughed B.complained C.worked D.competed
10.A.programme B.example C.lesson D.thought
11.A.at war B.in anger C.on business D.in need
12.A.farmers B.workers C.leaders D.owners
13.A.force B.encourage C.beg D.wait
14.A.grow B.relax C.settle D.help
15.A.unpaid B.unexpected C.unseen D.unknown
二、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
In terms of the original data in every year, the Chinese New Year-Spring Festival is the largest human event on the planet. In the seven 1 of the lunar New Year, Chinese are expected to 2 more than$100 billion on eating and shopping-almost twice as much as Americans spend on Thanksgiven. 3 , Chinese predictably buy railway tickets online 4 a rate of more than 1,000 per second.
But it’s 5 millions of Chinese people go home for the Spring Festival during “chunyun” . All these 6 take place at this time.
Authorities expect travelers to make 356 million trips by 7 during this year’s “chunyun”period. Taking the strain (压力)for the transportation is 8 China’s high-speed railway network, now increased to 36,000 kilometers-the world’s longest. China’s total railway network 9 more than 141,400 kilometers, the second largest in the world after the United States.
The “chunyun” phenomenon isn’t just a wonder of logistics (组织工作);it also shows how modern China is 10 . Trains are packed with thousands of snoozing(打盹) 11 , reflecting education reforms that have greatly expanded the number of university places over the past decade.
12 dressed office girls in high heels can be seen picking their way through 13 on their way home, which is a product of the mass migration of rural people to China’s coastal cities in search of better-paid jobs in service industries and factories.
Many of China’s new middle classes will opt to drive private cars and traffic jam is now a(n) 14 feature of the holiday period.
Many others, however, will choose to 15 the confusion altogether and take a vacation abroad-increasingly an option for the new generation in China.
1.A.days B.weeks C.months D.years
2.A.cost B.spend C.take D.pay
3.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However
4.A.for B.on C.to D.at
5.A.why B.where C.when D.how
6.A.previleges B.journeys C.organizations D.wonders
7.A.air B.sea C.rail D.road
8.A.differently B.mainly C.clearly D.frequently
9.A.control B.reaches C.aims D.shoots
10.A.finding B.expecting C.obtaining D.changing
11.A.leaders B.workers C.students D.colleagues
12.A.Gratefully B.Impatiently C.Practically D.Beautifully
13.A.playgrounds B.streets C.fields D.stations
14.A.regular B.strange C.important D.necessary
15.A.develop B.escape C.leave D.carry
三、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nicole was a baby of only 28 months and had been in our neighboring playgroup with other little kids for over one year. Then my husband and I decided to move her to a full-day nursery 1 .
During the first several days,I went with Nicole every morning,and her new 2 , Diomara, was waiting for us. We stayed there for one 3 . At first, she only played with me or asked me to 4 her wherever she went. After 2-3 days, I could sit aside, watching her play with new friends, but sometimes she would make a 5 to look around for me.
During the second week Nicole gradually 6 the new settings,and Diomara suggested starting to leave Nicole there 7 me. Then I hugged,kissed,and said goodbye to her, but she started crying with the clear 8 that mom would go.Feeling sad and 9 , I knew it's just how babies 10 .
Returning on time,my little girl ran to me at the 11 of me. Diomara told me all was perfect:Nicole cried and then stopped. Later she had a good time 12 a castle using Lego blocks. The next day she enjoyed a wonderful lunch with other kids. The last day I stayed there only for a while. By the time she had already 13 the concepts of leaving and returning, that day she stayed there till 3 pm.
Now she is happily in the new day care for two days a week. Meanwhile she is still in the 14 playgroup for another two half days. Gradually she'll quit from the playgroup. There are so many things far 15 her knowledge, so we need to perform with patience.
1.A.center B.kindergarten C.group D.school
2.A.friend B.caregiver C.nurse D.schoolmate
3.A.day B.minute C.moment D.hour
4.A.watch B.avoid C.accompany D.keep
5.A.pause B.mistake C.gesture D.sign
6.A.divided into B.emerged into C.eased into D.dived into
7.A.with B.around C.except D.without
8.A.dependence B.consciousness C.loneliness D.wonder
9.A.guilty B.depressed C.worried D.awkward
10.A.study B.suppose C.treat D.develop
11.A.sight B.distance C.idea D.thought
12.A.visiting B.building C.enjoying D.crashing
13.A.existed B.shaped C.formed D.declined
14.A.valuable B.new C.precious D.previous
15.A.over B.within C.beyond D.for
四、
Everyone has a phone in their pocket nowadays,but how often do we really use them for their original purpose – to make a call Telephone culture is 1 . What brought us to this moment,and what are its 2
"No one picks up the phone anymore," wrote Alex C.Madrigal on The Atlantic. "The reflex(习惯性动作)of 3 – built so deeply into people who grew up in 20th-century telephonic culture – is gone."
The shift is of course due in large part to more 4 options:Texting with photos,videos,emojis,links and even voice messages can be a more 5 option.
Texting is light and fun,not nearly as demanding of your attention as a phone call.It can also be done with 6 people at the same time.Social media,email and video calls have also 7 traditional phone calls.
In recent years,another reason has caused people to 8 phone calls completely:robocalls.Robocalls are automated(自动化的)messages from organizations verifying(核实)your phone number or telemarketers trying to 9 something.Americans received 22.8 billion robocalls halfway through 2020, 10 an annual rate of 45.6 billion,according to YouMail,a robocall protection service and blocking app.
As telephone culture disappears,what is the loss of a singular family phone doing to the family unit Early landline phones unite family members,whereas mobile phones 11 them.
"The 12 family phone served as an anchor(给以安全感的物品) for home," said Luke Fernandez,a Weber State University computer-science professor and co-author of Bored,Lonely,Angry,Stupid:Feelings About Technology,From the Telegraph to Twitter.With smartphones,"we have gained 13 and privacy.But the value of the home has declined,as has its 14 to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps bind families more closely together," Fernandez said.
Of course,as technology progresses,lives always change for better or for worse.With the loss of telephone culture,families will need to find other ways to 15 .
1.A.displaying B.disappearing C.discouraging D.disturbing
2.A.volumes B.links C.versions D.effects
3.A.answering B.winding C.striking D.wandering
4.A.inspection B.variation C.communication D.expectation
5.A.attractive B.overall C.plain D.realistic
6.A.multiple B.outstanding C.ambitious D.enthusiastic
7.A.call out for B.get down to C.eat away at D.go in for
8.A.sweep B.stimulate C.transform D.ignore
9.A.consume B.sell C.arrange D.grab
10.A.guaranteeing B.equaling C.combining D.easing
11.A.negate B.dominate C.separate D.upset
12.A.shared B.possessed C.estimated D.employed
13.A.liberation B.reputation C.security D.mobility
14.A.innovation B.concept C.appetite D.capability
15.A.greet B.accompany C.unite D.rely
五、
One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be great when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I received a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 1 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and nothing was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 2 person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 3 . Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost impossible to deal with was that the day before the 4 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 5 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 6 . It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 7 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 8 everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her life as well.
Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding, 9 when we're honest, we can be sharply 10 of the world. I'm not suggesting you 11 problems, or that you pretend things are 12 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 13 most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big 14 .
Train yourself to "bite your tongue", and with a little 15 , you'll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
1.A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered D. spoiled
2.A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising
3.A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation
4.A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure
5.A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice
6.A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit
7.A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about
8.A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle
9.A. so B. or C. but D. for
10.A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical
11.A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore
12.A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse
13.A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far
14.A. task B. deal C. result D. duty
15.A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pity
六、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Smartphones and e-readers have become more common in recent years. Some people worry that the days of paper books will be 1 . But surveys have shown that traditional books are still 2 among readers.
Some experts found that in England, sales of e-books are 3 while sales of paper books are rising. More 4 , it’s young people who are buying the most physical books. Another survey of university students from the United States, Slovakia, Japan and Germany also showed that 92 percent of them 5 paper books.
The most popular 6 given was: “I like to hold the product.” It’s true that paper books bring a very different reading 7 . Slovakian students said that they liked the smell of paper books. Other students said that they get 8 accomplishment(成就) when they finish reading a paper book and they enjoy seeing it on the 9 .
Paper books can also be very 10 objects to lovers of reading. Many people like to sign their name on the inside cover. It’s 11 readers of paper books make friends with them.
This “friendship” people develop with 12 isn’t just sentimental (情感的). Research has shown that readers 13 more information reading from paper books than e-books. People also more easily 14 headaches or sore eyes while reading e-books.
It seems that paper books, which have been in production since the 15th century, still have an 15 .
1.A.fallen B.taken C.known D.gone
2.A.familiar B.popular C.interesting D.comfortable
3.A.falling B.climbing C.happening D.beginning
4.A.simply B.carefully C.surprisingly D.generally
5.A.previewed B.preferred C.protected D.prevented
6.A.book B.habit C.reason D.choice
7.A.method B.environment C.game D.experience
8.A.a sense of B.a piece of C.a set of D.a number of
9.A.closet B.cupboard C.desk D.bookshelf
10.A.creative B.personal C.common D.relaxing
11.A.only if B.because of C.in case D.as if
12.A.books B.e-books C.readers D.writers
13.A.remember B.search C.require D.provide
14.A.come up with B.take part in C.end up with D.look forward to
15.A.ambition B.attraction C.advantage D.advance
答案以及解析
一、
答案：1-5.DBBAA; 6-10.CDDBA; 11-15.DCBDA
解析：1.根据下文he quickly became interested in growing and rented a 30-by-30-foot piece of land可知, 帕耶被农场包围着, 故选D项。
2.根据上文的he quickly became interested in growing可知, 此处是指帕耶种植了很多西红柿、土豆和茄子。put aside意为"把......放在一边"; plant out意为"把(幼苗)移植到户外"; wrap up意为"包起来"; get in意为"进入"。故选B项。
3.前面提到的tomatoes, potatoes and eggplants都属于农产品, 故选B项。
4.根据下文all of which were donated to the food bank可知, 帕耶建立了一家当地粮食银行, 故选A项。
5.根据下文all of which were donated to the food bank可知, 帕耶是把食品捐给了粮食银行, 故选A项。
6.根据下文Later he had more volunteers, rented more land and donated more vegetables.可知, 此处是指帕耶让一些志愿者帮他的忙, 故选C项。
7.根据空后的and harvested 2,500 pounds of vegetables, all of which were donated to the food bank可知, 此处是指帕耶种植、照料并收获了2,500磅的蔬菜, 故选D项。
8.根据空后的with a spade可知, 此处是指每个孩子都配备了铁锹。arm sb with sth意为"为某人配备某物"。故选D项。
9.根据上文的Several rows later, they eagerly lined up to seed corn under a hot mid-morning sun.可知, 此处是说没有人抱怨, 故选B项。
10.根据上文可知, 孩子们参与了种植的项目, 故选A项。
11.根据语境可知, 此处指这个世界上有很多需要帮助的人。in need意为"有困难的; 有需要的"。故选D项。
12.根据下文的it will be much more possible for them to _____ their co-workers and employees to get involved in something like this可知, 这些都是等到孩子们成为领导者的时候做的事情, 故选C项。
13.根据语境可知, 此处是指当孩子们成为领导者的时候, 就更有可能鼓励同事和职员参与这样的事情。故选B项。
14.根据下文的"And families love this. Paillex has given us a way to raise our kids with a giving heart."可知, 帕耶让人们学会帮助他人, 故选D项。
15.根据第三段中的The following year, with a handful of _____ from "America's Grow-a-Row"以及Later he had more volunteers可知, 这个组织的成员是没有报酬的, 故选A项。
二、
答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D; 5.C; 6.D; 7.C; 8.B; 9.B; 10.D; 11.C; 12.D; 13.C; 14.A; 15.B
解析： 1.根据上文的the Chinese New Year—Spring Festival和下文的the lunar New Year可推断，此处指的是春节期间的“七天”（假期），故用days. A项正确。
2.由下文的关键信息Americans spend on Thanks-giving以及下文的介词on即可判断，此处应填入spend.构成spend money on doing sth.。B项正确。
3.根据下文'的Chinese predictably buy railway tickets以及上文中的Chinese are expected to可知，上下文不在递进关系，故用moreover（此外，而且）。therefore"因此"，otherwise“否则”.however“然而”，均不符合语境。A项正确。
4.此处考查周定at a rate of...，意为“以……的速度”。D项正确。
5.根据下文的for the Spring Festival during "chunyun" 可知，此处指的是时间，故用连接词when引导表语从句。C项正确。
6.由第四段中的just a wonder of logistics可知，此处应填入wonders与之呼应。privilege“特权”， journey“旅行”，organization“组织”，wonder“奇迹”。D项正确。
7.由下文语境和关键信息句“Taking the strain for the transportation...China's high-speed railway network..."可知，此处应川用by rail“乘火车出行”。C项正确。
8.结合上一句可知，春运的主要（mainly）交通其还是中国高铁。differently“不同地”，clearly“清晰地”，frequently“频繁地”。B项正确。
9.由下文的the second largest in the world after the United States可知，此处指中国铁路网总长度达到l4.14万千米，故用reach表示“增加到，提升到（某一水平、速度等）”。B项正确。
10.由上文的it also shows how modern China中的关键词how可知此处表示“它也说明了现代中国正如何变化着”，故用changing. D项正确。
11.由下文的the number of university places可知，此处表示火车上挤满了成千上万打吨的学生，故用students. C项正确。
12.关键信息dressed office girls in high heels可知，此处指姑娘们打扮漂亮时髦，故用beautifully。gratefully“感激地”，impatiently“不耐烦地”， practically“实际上地”，均不符合语境。D项正确。
13.由下文的the mass migration of rural people to China's coastal cities可知，此处表示在回乡村老家的路上小心走过田地，故用fields.。C项正确。
14.结合语境和常识可知，此处表示“交通堵塞也已成为现今节假日期间的常见现象”，故用regular。A项正确。
15.根据境可知此处表示还有许多人会选择完全避开这种混乱，去国外度假，故escape（避开）符合语境。B项正确。
三、
答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C; 5.A; 6.C; 7.D; 8.B; 9.A; 10.D; 11.A; 12.B; 13.C; 14.D; 15.C
解析：1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我和丈夫决定把她放到一个全天托儿所。A.nursery托儿所；B.group群；C.class班级；D.school学校。根据“Nicole was a baby of only 28 months”可知，Nicole仅仅28月龄大，所以此处指作者决定把她放到托儿所。故选A项。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我每天早上都和Nicole一起去，她的看护者Diomara正在等着我们。A.friend朋友；B. caregiver看护者；C.nurse护士；D.schoolmate校友。根据“move her to a full--day”可知，作者把Nicole送到了托儿所，所以此处指她们去的时候，托儿所的看护者等着她们。故选B项。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在那里待了一小时。A.day天；B.minute分钟；C moment时刻；D.hour小时。根据"Diomara suggested starting to leave Nicole there me."
可知，作者把Nicole放到托儿所的最初几天，为了让她适应，只陪她呆了一小时，并没有全天放在那里。故选D项。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，她只是和我玩，或者叫我陪她去哪里。A.watch观看；B. avoid避免；C.accompany陪伴；D.keep保持。根据she only played with me可知，起初，Nicole因为不熟悉，所以只和妈妈玩，去哪里都要妈妈陪着。故选C项。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：2-3天后，我可以坐在一旁看她和新朋友玩，但有时她会停下来看看我。A.pause暂停；B.mistake错误；C. gesture手势；D.sign标志。根据“watching her play with new friends, but sometimes"可知，虽然她会和新朋友一起玩，但时不时还是停下来看看妈妈是否在。故选A项。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第二周， Nicole逐渐适应了新的环境，Diomara建议不用我的陪伴，开始把Nicole留在那里。A.divided分开；B.cmerged出现；C.eased放松；D.dived潜水。根据“Diomara suggested starting to leave Nicole there”可知，托管员建议把Nicole留在那里，所以可以推断，她放松下来，适应了那里的环境。case into意为“放松融入”。故选C项。
7.考查介词词义辨析。句意：在第二周， Nicole逐渐适应了新的环境，Diomara建议不用我的陪伴，开始把Nicole留在那里。A.with有；B around大约；C.except除了；D.without没有。根据Then I hugged, kissed, and said goodbye to her可知，作者准备不再陪伴Nicole在托儿所里，所以此处表示Diomara建议不用我的陪伴，开始把Nicole留在那里。故选D项。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我拥抱她，亲吻她，和她说再见，但她开始哭泣，清楚地意识到妈妈会走。A.dependence依赖；B consciousness意识；C.loneliness孤独；D wonder奇迹。根据"I hugged, kissed, and said goodbye to her, but she started crying"可知，看到妈妈一系列告别的动作她开始哭了，说明她意识到了妈妈会离开。故选B项。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我感到悲伤和内疚，但我知道婴儿就是这样成长的。A. guilty内疚；B.depressed低落的；C.desperate绝望的；D.awkward尴尬的。空处和前面的sad并列，表示作者在下决心放孩子在托儿所时，看到孩子哭泣感到难过和愧疚。故选A项。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我感到悲伤和内疚，但我知道婴儿就是这样成长的。A. study学习；B.suppose猜想；C.treat对待；D develop成长。根据“Feeling sad and”可知，作者对把年幼的孩子放到托儿所感到难过，但她也知道这是孩子成长的必经之路。故选D项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的小女儿准时回来，一看见我就跑向我。A.sight视力；B distance距离；C.idea主意；D.thought想法。根据“my little girl ran to me"可知，Nicole在第一次离开妈妈一段时间并且再次见到之后一定是很激动的，所以一看到妈妈就跑了过去。at the first sight意为“一看见”。故选A项。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来她玩得很开心，用乐高积木搭起了一座城堡。A.visiting参观；B.building建造；C.enjoying享受；D crashing碰撞。根据“a castle using Lego blocks”可知，此处表示用积木搭建城堡。故选B项。
13.考查动饲词义辨析。句意：当她已经形成了离开和返回的概念时，那天她一直呆到下午3点。A.existed使激动；B.shaped塑造；C formed形成；D.declined下降。根据the concepts of leaving and returning"可知，此处表示形成离开和返回的概念，要用动词form。故选C项。
14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，她还在前一个游戏小组里待了两个半天。A valuable贵重的；B.new新的；C.precious珍贵的；D.previous先前的。根据“in the new day care for two days a week. Meanwhile she is still"可知，此处和前面的the new day care表示并列对比，说明在前一个游戏小组里待了两个半天。故选D项。
15.考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她会退出游戏小组。A.Immediately立刻；B Impatiently没有而耐心地；C.Gradually逐渐地；D Obviously明显地。根据Now she is happily in the new day care for two days a week. Meanwhile she is still in the _____ playgroup for another two half days."可知，the new day care适合较大婴儿，playgroup适合较小婴儿，当Nicole适应了日托班之后她会逐渐推出游戏小组，这是她成长的过程。故选C项。
四、
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A; 4.C; 5.A; 6.A; 7.C; 8.D; 9.B; 10.B; 11.C; 12.A; 13.D; 14.D; 15.C
解析：1.考查动词及语境理解。 A displaying展示B disappearing消失； C discouraging使气馁D disturbing打扰。根据第二自然段" No one picks up the phone anymore"和" The reflex（习惯性动作）of 3 built so deeply into people who grew up in 20th century telephonic culture- Is gone."可知没有人再打电话，这一习惯不再有，消失了，gone与disappear，是同义词复现，且第五自然段第一句为原句复现。故选B项。
2.考查名词及语境理解。 A. volumes体积； B links联系； C versions版本； D effects影响。通读全文可知，文章第三、四、五自然段回答了第一个问题" What brought us to this moment"，而第六、七自然段讲了这一变化带来的影响，所以第二个问题应该是问它的影响是什么"。故选D项。
3.考查动词及语境理解。 A answering答复，接电话； B winding缠绕； C striking撞击； D wandering徘徊。根据句意可知，这里所说已经消失的习惯动作与20世纪电话文化有关，上文No one picks up the phone anymore表达了同样的意思，所以"消失的习惯动作就是" picks up the phone"，接电话。故选A项。
4.考查名词及语境理解。 A inspection检查； B variation变化； C communication交流D expectation期待。从下文例举内容可知，这里是指除打电话，人们有了更多可选择的交流方式，比如带有照片、视频、表情符号、链接的短信，甚至语音信息。故选C项。
5.考查形容词及语境理解。 A. attractive有吸引力的；B. overall全部的； C plain朴素的D realistic现实的。根据句中比较级结构可知voice messages是一种更有吸引力的交流方式选项。故选A项。
6.考查形容词及语境理解。 A multiple许多的； B outstanding杰出的； C ambitious有雄心的； D enthusiastic热情的。根据上文"Texting is light and fun not nearly as demanding of your attention as a phone call"中所说发短信的特点和常识可知，用短语交流时轻松有趣，没有那么迫切，所以可以同时多人进行交流。故选A项。
7.考查动词短语及语境理解。 A call out for号召； B get down to看手处理； C eat away at侵蚀； D go in for参加。根据句中also可知， Social media, email and video calls-与上文 Texting一样，比 traditional phone all更有优势，所以它们也会蚕食 traditional phone calls的时间。故选C。
8.考查动词及语境理解。 A sweep扫；B stimulate刺激； C transform改变； D ignore忽略。根据文中 another reason可知本段是承接上文，仍然分析人们不再打电话的原因，" ignore phone calls completely"与前文" No one picks up the phone anymore"表达相同语义。故选D项。
9.考查动词及语境理解。 A consume消费；B. sell卖；C arrange安排； D grab抓住。结合常识，和 Telemarketers（电话销售员）这一职业特征可知，这里是打电话推销东西。故选B项。
10.考查动词及语境理解。 A. guaranteeing保证； B equaling等于；c. combining结合； D easing减轻。上文"Americans received 22.8 billion robocalls halfway through2020"，下文说" an annual rate of 45.6 billion，"根据时间和数字关系可知两组数据表达的是—个概念。故选B项。
11.考查动词及语境理解。 A negate否定B dominate支配； C separate分离；D. upset使心烦。根据上文 As telephone culture disappears what is the loss of a singular family phone doing to the family unit Early landline phones unite family members, 随着电话文化的消失，单一的家庭电话的丢失对家庭单位有什么影响？早期的固定电话把家庭成员团结在一起，而手机将它们分开。可知，前后句属于对比关系，unite与 separate对比。故选C项。
12.考查形容词及语境理解。 A. shared共享的； B possessed着魔的；C. estimated估计的D. employed被雇用的。结合常识，根据上文内容可知以前的 landline phones（固定电话）是家庭共用的。故选A项。
13.考查名词及语境理解。 Liberation解放B reputation名声；C. security安全； D. mobility流动性。结合常识可知，与用上文提到的固定电话比起来，人手—个的智能手机让我们更自由，14.考查名词及语境理解。 Innovation创新； B concept概念； C appetite胃口； D capability能力。根据上文" Early landline phones unite family members"可知，传统的固定电话具有让家庭成员团结一起的能力，而智能手机削弱了这一能力。故选D项。
15.考查动词及语境理解。 A greet.欢迎B accompany陪伴； C unite团结；D, rely依靠。根据上文" But the value of the home has declined, as has its 14 to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps bind families more closely together，"可知，智能手机削弱家的价值和它团结家庭成员的能力，所以在电话文化消失的时代，我们需要找到其它团结家庭成员的方式。故选C项。
五、
答案：1-5CBACD 6-10CACCD 11-15DBABA
解析：1.她几乎一直为琐事烦心。threaten威胁; interrupt打断, 插嘴; bother烦扰,打扰; spoil溺爱, 糟蹋, 破坏。
2.她变成了一个真的很令人厌烦的人。caring关心他人的,有同情心的; boring无聊的,令人厌烦的;interesting 有趣的;surprising令人惊讶的。
3.不幸的是,在经历了一场可怕的事故后她改变了她的态度。attitude态度,看法;plan计划,方案;measure措施,测量,尺寸;explanation解释,说明。
4.句意参见上题解析。occasion时机;event重要事情,大事;accident事故,意外;adventure冒险,奇遇。结合上文的"a car crash"可知应选择C项。
5.她花了全部的时间批评朋友对男友的选择……memory记忆,内存,存储器;notice布告,通知;evidence证据, 证明;choice选择,抉择。
6.在她认为需要表达的很多事情上,她一直在批评她最好的朋友。hear听到,听见;contribute贡献,捐助,投稿; express表达;admit 承认。
7.直到她的朋友受了重伤,她才意识到她指责别人的习惯。aware of意识到,明白;afraid of害怕,担心;curious about对……好奇;confused about对……感到迷惑。
8.很快她学会了感激生活而不再那么刻薄地评判一切。discuss讨论;realize意识到,实现;judge判断;settle解决,定居。
9.也许我们中的大多数人并不像凯瑞那样埋怨生活,可是,实事求是地讲,我们可能对这个世界也是很挑剔的。
10.句意参见上题解析。proud自豪的,得意的,自负的;sure确信,可靠的;hopeful满怀希望;critical批评的,挑剔的,关键的。
11.“我”并不是在建议你忽视生活中的问题,也不是在建议你假装认为情况比现实要好。face面对;create创造, 创作;solve解决;ignore忽视,不予理睬。
12.句意参见上题解析。rarer更稀罕的,更稀少的; better更好的;stranger更奇怪的,更陌生的;worse更糟的,更差的。
13.你要学会允许事情顺其自然—至少大多数情况下是这样,尤其是在根本不是什么大不了的事情上。at least至少;at last最后; by far……得多(与形容词、副词的比较级或最高级连用);so far迄今为止。
14.句意参见上题解析。task任务;deal交易,待遇; result结果;duty责任,职责。a big deal巨额交易,一件非常重要的事。
15.训练你自己“忍住不说”,经过一些练习,你就能够真正地做到顺其自然。practice实践,练习;speech演讲, 演说;rest休息,剩余部分;pity怜悯,同情,遗憾。
六、
答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.A; 4.C; 5.B; 6.C; 7.D; 8.A; 9.D; 10.B; 11.D; 12.A; 13.A; 14.C; 15.B