中考英语作文讲评课

课件46张PPT。中考英语作文讲评课 书面表达是每年中考必考题型，是考查学生交际能力的一个重要组成部分。书面表达通常有三种形式：
1、书信、日记、通知、留言、假条；
2、看图作文；
3、根据汉语提示作文。
??? 无论是那一种书面表达形式，考生所写的短文都要紧扣主题、文理通顺，要素完整，语言准确、得当、格式正确、无大、小写和拼写错误，标点符号正确，能达到交际目的。 一. 训练方法1. 记。 认真系统复习和背诵基础知识和优美的句子、句型。中国有句古话，叫“熟读唐诗三百首，不会吟诗也会作”。同样，要使自己具有较强的写作能力，首先应该熟读和背诵一些句型和短文。许多同学写出来的语言根本不符合英语的语言习惯，相当一部分人有对照中文逐字翻译的不良习惯，不去理会中英文的差异。大量的背诵和阅读是提高写作能力的有效办法，同学们若有大量的现成语言积累在脑海里，自己写起文段来，就可以做到脱口而出，或是模仿、套用，甚至发挥。
2. 练。 每练一篇书面表达题，都要真正学到一点东西，不可贪多而边学边忘。平时可以采用循序渐进、灵活多样的练习方式。从根据提示词写单句开始，到写单句，然后到写几句话，最后到写流利的文段。尽量尝试多种形式的写作，如短信、说明、通知、便条、明信片、看图写作、根据表格或记录写短文等。
3. 写。 要进行实战写作。要求自己在20分钟内写出100个词的短文，并且质量高、内容全、形式正确。这样形成习惯，考试时就能得心应手。 二. 应试策略1. 审题目： 要切中题意。《中考考试说明》指出，书面表达要切中题意。怎样才能切中题意？就是要认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。
2. 圈要点： 防止遗漏要点。要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。
3. 列提纲： 为写作做好准备。根据文章要点短文的中心思想将主要句型、关键词语记下，形成提纲。
4. 定基调： 定出时态、人称、顺序、开头、结尾。 5. 写全文：写短文时要做到以下六个方面：
(1)避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用，以避免重复和呆板。
(2)多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。
(3)注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。
1）语态、时态要准确无误。
2）主谓语要一致，主语的人称和数要和谓语一致。
3）注意人称代词的宾格形式。
4）注意冠词用法，例如： He is an honest student.中的an不能写成a。
5）注意拼写、标点符号和大小写，例如：receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。
(4)描写人物时，要生动具体，例如：
1）外表特征：tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。
2）服饰颜色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。
3）内心境界：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。
4）感情描写：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。
5）动作描写：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。(6)改病句：认真检查，改正错误。中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：
1）格式是否有错。
2）拼写有无错误。
3）语言是否用错。
4）时态、语态错误。
5）标点错误。
6）人称是否用错。假如你叫张强。请根据下面美国朋友Bob的来信内容，结合你自己的情况写一篇语言连惯、符合逻辑的英文回信。?
要求：1. 认真阅读来信的内容，从中获得你需要的信息。?
2. 词数：80左右。回信的开头、结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
注意：回信中不得出现你的真实地址和所在学校的名称。?
Dear friend,?
Hello！I’m your new friend. My name is Bob. I’m fifteen. I’m American. I live in New York.?
I am a middle school student. I’m good at maths. It is very interesting. My favourite sport is basketball. And I am not only a basketball fan but also a good player. I like pop music. My friends and I often sing pop songs together.?
After school, I am interested in getting on-line. I have known a lot about China from the Internet. Now I’m learning Chinese. I hope I will visit your country one day.?
Please write to me and tell me something about your life. I’m looking forward to hearing from you.?
Yours,?
Bob?1.审题目：通过审题目我们可以知道：本篇书面表达应是写一封回信，写信人是张强，收信人是Bob，信的内容应是介绍张强自己的情况。
2. 圈要点：根据来信判断，写回信必须包括以下要点：1、收到对方的来信；2、愿意和对方交朋友；3、自己的姓名、年龄和住址；4、自己的身份、特长和爱好；5、自己的希望。
3、列提纲：1. got your letter 2. glad to be your friend 3. name, zhang Qiang, fifteen, live in Shaanxi 4. a middle school student, like English, like sports, good at drawing, 5. hope we’ll meet in China
4、定基调：1. 时态：收到来信用一般过去时，介绍情况用一般现在时，希望用一般将来时。2. 人称用第一人称。3.可按提纲的顺序来写。4. 开头和结尾题目已经给出。
5、写全文：
Dear Bob,
??? I got your letter yesterday. I’m very glad to be your pen friend. My name is Zhang Qiang. I’m fifteen years old, too. I live in Shaanxi.
?I’m a middle school student, too. I like English and physics very much. I also like sports, but I’m good at drawing. I know a little about America. Could you tell me something more about your country in your next letter?
I hope we’ll meet in China some day. I’m sure we’ll have a good time together.
Please write (to) me soon.
Yours,
Zhang Qiang结构/语法（5分）+内容（7分）+文采（3分）
一、认真审题，结构正确
二、理清思路，列出提纲
三、连词成句，初步成形
四、检查修改，内容无误
五、遣词造句，争取文采Leaving school（毕业时分）
Growing pains and gains（成长的烦恼与欢乐）
I have a dream（我有一个梦想）
Things I hate to do（我不喜欢。。。）
Love around me（我身边的爱)
I want to do something for my school(我为学校做件事）
I’m proud of myself（我为自己感到自豪）
与生活相关
与“我”相关Write at least 60 words about the topic "The best way to make me happy". ( 以“最能使我快乐的方法”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格)
The following points are for your reference: (所给提示仅供参考)
1. What are the ways to make you happy?
2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy?
3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons)What should we write about? What shouldn’t we (only) write about?Free talk1. My school life 2. My dream teacher 3. The thing I hate to do 4. My opinions of keeping pet dogs 5.The best way to make me happyWrite at least 60 words about the topic "The best way to make me happy".The following points are for your reference: (所给提示仅供参考)
1. What are the ways to make you happy?
2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy?
3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) The best way to make me happy is achieving good marks. I think this way is the best one to make me happy because it is the easiest ways and it can improve my ability so I think it is the best way. In this way, I can get some prizes, so I will feel happy, what’s more it can also make my parents happy.The following points are for your reference: (所给提示仅供参考)
1. What are the ways to make you happy?
2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy?
3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons)内容不全 there are a lot of ways to make me happy. The best way to make me happy is to play basketball. To play computer games is also a way to make me happy. Everyday we have PE lesson. These are a lot of interests in it. So I feel happy in this way.The following points are for your reference: (所给提示仅供参考)
1. What are the ways to make you happy?
2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy?
3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons)内容不全 the best way to make me happy is to help another. When I feel sad, I can help another, because I hope the others happy. I can help old people cross the road and play with small children. In this way I feel another happy, then I also will happy. Help others not only make me happy, but also make others happy.The following points are for your reference: (所给提示仅供参考)
1. What are the ways to make you happy?
2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy?
3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons)内容不全The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays.What do you think of this article?内容不全1. What was the thing you did in the winter holidays ? (1’)
2. Give some descriptions about it, such as where/when/how /who, etc. (4’)
3. Why do you think it’s the most unforgettable thing you did? (2’) The winter holidays are one of the most exciting holidays in the year. The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays is making a birthday cake with my mother on my birthday. My mother bought the things we needed from the supermarket. We mixed the flour and eggs, then added some special things to make the cake soft. Finally, we put it into the oven. I shared the cake with my family members. It was really delicious. I will never forget that day.内容得分5’ My spoken English used to be very poor. I tried to improve it, but failed . So I told it to my English teacher and wished him to give me some advice . He told me that I could improve my spoken English by speaking more English. He said, ‘ The more you practice speaking English, the more progress you will make.’ Then I followed his advice and spoke as much English as possible. At last , my spoken English improved .My troubleWhat is missed in this article?What was your trouble in your study ? (2’)
How did you face the trouble ? (3’)
How did you feel after solving it ? (2’)内容得分5’ The environment is important to us all. We need fresh air, clean water and so on. There used to be many trees around us, the air was fresh and the river was clean, but now they disappeared for one reason or another and were replaced by dirty water and polluted air. Because of the terrible pollution, people’s health is getting worse and worse. What’s more, the green house effect is changing our climate, which may lead to even more serious situation.Environment around usWhat is missed in this article?1. What do you think of the environment around us ? （4’）
2. As students, what should we do ? （3’）内容得分4’The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays.What do you think of this article?内容不全1. What was the thing you did in the winter holidays ? (1’)
2. Give some descriptions about it, such as where/when/how /who, etc. (4’)
3. Why do you think it’s the most unforgettable thing you did? (2’) The winter holidays are one of the most exciting holidays in the year. The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays is making a birthday cake with my mother on my birthday. My mother bought the things we needed from the supermarket. We mixed the flour and eggs, then added some special things to make the cake soft. Finally, we put it into the oven. I shared the cake with my family members. It was really delicious. I will never forget that day.内容得分5’ My spoken English used to be very poor. I tried to improve it, but failed . So I told it to my English teacher and wished him to give me some advice . He told me that I could improve my spoken English by speaking more English. He said, ‘ The more you practice speaking English, the more progress you will make.’ Then I followed his advice and spoke as much English as possible. At last , my spoken English improved .My troubleWhat is missed in this article?What was your trouble in your study ? (2’)
How did you face the trouble ? (3’)
How did you feel after solving it ? (2’)内容得分5’ The environment is important to us all. We need fresh air, clean water and so on. There used to be many trees around us, the air was fresh and the river was clean, but now they disappeared for one reason or another and were replaced by dirty water and polluted air. Because of the terrible pollution, people’s health is getting worse and worse. What’s more, the green house effect is changing our climate, which may lead to even more serious situation.Environment around usWhat is missed in this article?1. What do you think of the environment around us ? （4’）
2. As students, what should we do ? （3’）内容得分4’Nowadays, our environment is becoming worse and worse. Our bad habits cause many problems like air pollution, land pollution and water pollution. To make our environment better, I want to be an environment protector. We can plant trees to make the air clean because trees can take in CO2 and release O2 into the air. We should buy and use environmentally friendly goods. Finally, we mustn’t leave a lot of rubbish into the river, pond or sea. So let’s be environment protectors and enjoy living a better life on the earth.I want to be an environment protector Nowadays, there are many problems of our environment such as air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. People cut down and burn the forest. People use things once and throw them away. People use chemicals to produce many things. Because of these reasons, our earth is in great danger. We live on the earth, it’s our duty to protect it. I will do a lot of things so that I can protect the earth. For example, I will reuse the plastic bags. There are a lot of ways to be green consumers. I want to be an environment protectorUse the following points as a guide.(下列要点仅供参考）
What are the problems of our environment?
Why do you want to be an environment protector?
What will you do to protect the environment? Everybody has many ways to make happy. So do I . First, I listen some favorite music. Second, I read some books and make some notes. I think it is good. Third, I play basketball with my friends. In my opinion, play basketball is the best way to make me happy,because I fond of it. Because of those, I become happy and strong.1. What are the ways to make you happy?
2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy?
3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons)内容（7分）+语言（8分）+文采（3分）一、认真审题，结构合理*写什么(题目，参考问题）*重点写什么 (提示问题） *时态(参考问题）”I want to be an environment protector(保护者)”Use the following points as a guide.(下列要点仅供参考）
What are the problems of our environment?
Why do you want to be an environment protector?
What will you do to protect the environment?My troubleWhat was your trouble in your study ? (2’)
How did you face the trouble ? (3’)
How did you feel after solving it ? (2’)The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays.1. What was the thing you did in the winter holidays ? (1’)
2. Give some descriptions about it, such as where/when/how /who, etc. (4’)
3. Why do you think it’s the most unforgettable thing you did? (2’)Environment around us1. What do you think of the environment around us ? （4’）
2. As students, what should we do ? （3’）二、理清思路，列出提纲Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic
”I want to be an environment protector(保护者)”
(以”I want to be an environment protector”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
Use the following points as a guide.(下列要点仅供参考）
1. What are the problems of our environment?
2. Why do you want to be an environment protector?
3. What will you do to protect the environment?Write at least 60 words about the topic "The best way to make me happy". ( 以“最能使我快乐的方法”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格)
The following points are for your reference: (所给提示仅供参考)
1. What are the ways to make you happy?
2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy?
3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons)三、连词成句，初步成形四、检查修改，内容无误Environment is very important for us. In our life, the problems of our environment are very important. We have hurt it too much by cutting down trees and pollute water and land. I want to be a environment protector so that save it. I’d suggest my parents to take bus instead of drive car. I will progress my habbits such as use a basket or a paper bag. I will prevent people throw rubbish everywhere. If everybody can do somethings to protect the earth, our environment will be much beautiful.I want to be an environment protector The winter holidays are one of the most exciting days in the year. I did a lot of things this winter holidays. the most unforgetable thing is to make my birthday cake with my mother on my birthday. My mother buy the things we need from the supermarket. We mixed the floor and eggs. Then add some special things to make the cake soft. Finally, we put it into the iron. I shared the cake with my family numbers. It was really delicions. I will never forget that day because I learned to make cakes as well as share my happiness with others.The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays.What do you think of this article?错误太多10’Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them.1. I climed slowly and was very tried.2. I think it is an unforgetable thing because I helped sb.climbedtiredunforgettablesomebody3. On a friday afternoon, I went shopping with my mother.Spelling（拼写）（others)Friday4. I can’t forget that day. Because it is the last time we can celebrate her birthday together.I can’t forget that day because5. What a crazy day it was, I will remember it forever.!Capital letter（大小写）Punctuation（标点符号）6. I will remembered that day forever.
remember7. I thought it is hungry.was8. My grandmother always tidy up my room.tidies9. How unforgettable this things is!thingFind out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them.Tense（时态）Verb agreement (主谓一致)Word form (词形）10. In my father’s help, I became more patient than before.
With my father’s help,11. To cut a long story to short, ….To cut a long story short,… 12. I went to Shihua by a bus with my mother.by bus13. My mother told me don’t give it up.told me not to give it upFind out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them.Phrases(短语和固定搭配）14. I saw an old lady lay in the middle of the road.saw an old lady lying…16. We played snow in front of house.played with15. I sat on a seat , listening music.listening to 17. Then a lady asked who had broken her window. We all were afraid.were allFind out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them.Missing words（漏词）18. We should do things by our own hands.withthe house19. It is tired work.tiringWords’ order（词序）Using wrong word（选词错误）22. He encouraged me to look for the watch by heart.carefully21. One Sunday morning, I went to Shihua by bus and sat beside me was a girl.I went to Shihua on a bus and there was a girl sitting beside me. Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them.Chinese English（中式英语）In my life, many things happened.20. In my life have many things happened.1.Environment is very important for us. 2.In our life, the problems of our environment are
very important.3.We have hurt it too much by cutting down trees and pollute water and land.4.I want to be a environment protector so that save it.5.I’d suggest my parents to take bus instead of drive car.7.I will progress my habbits such as use a basket or a paper bag.8.If everybody can do somethings to protect the earth, our environment will be much beautiful.6.I will prevent people throw rubbish everywhere. to polluting in order to save it/so that I can save it take a bus instead of driving a car from throwing develop good habits using something much more beautifulserious an environment 1234.2567.18.14.17.28.21. 是否有大小写错误(capital letters or lowercase letters)
是否有拼写错误 (spelling mistakes)
是否有标点错误 (punctuation mistakes)
4.是否有语法错误 (grammar mistakes)
主谓是否一致
动词的时态
语态的使用是否正确
词组的搭配是否合乎习惯
…
Common Errors in English writing During the winter holidays, It happened a lot of things. One of the things was helpt a small girl to find her mother. When my friends and me shopping in a shopping mall, we saw a small girl cried in a corner. We asked what happened on her . She said she cuond’t found her mother. So we started to helpt she to found her mother. Luckily, we found her mother, they were very happy and we were happy, too. I think it was the most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays because I found I also can help others.The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays.Check and correct this article.a lot of things happened.helpingIwere shoppingcryinghappened tocouldn’tfindhelpherfind.Theycould also, so During the winter holidays, It happened a lot of things. One of the things was helpt a small girl to find her mother. When my friends and me shopping in a shopping mall, we saw a small girl cried in a corner. We asked what happened on her . She said she cuond’t found her mother. So we started to helpt she to found her mother. Luckily, we found her mother, they were very happy and we were happy, too. I think it was the most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays because I found I also can help others.The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays.a lot of things happened.helpingIwere shoppingcryinghappened tocouldn’tfindhelpherfind.Theycould also, so=9’7’+2’+0’Comment on this article.1. What? (1’) 2. descriptions (4’) 3. Why (2’)How should we check the passage?
1. 查主题，文章是否符合题目要求，内容是否完整。(check the theme)
2. 查语法，是否有时态错误，是否有主谓不一致，是否有语态问题，是否有词形错误，是否有不合乎搭配的词组。(check the grammar)
３．查标点，是否有标点错误 (check the punctuation)
4. 查拼写，是否有拼写错误和大小写问题 （check the spelling)
5．查表达，是否有不合乎英语惯用的表达，是否有中国式英语表达。(check the ways of expression)
Conclusion:五、遣词造句，争取文采考试手册上的词组
常用的句型 短语（上下连贯)逻辑关系的上下简单句
--状语从句加减合替重复、可有可无的what’s more
in addition
more importantly
on the other hand
not only … but also …条件 if/ unless
因果 because
结果 so… that
目的 so that
让步 although, though
比较 than, as…as
时间 when
At school, sometimes I feel bad and sad because of the terrible things. If I came home but still feel bad, I will read some interesting books. It can make me forget the terrible things. The story in it also can bring me fun. I will listen to some songs too. These way are the best way to make me happy. listen to music, read different books and run can make me happy. I think read interesting books is the best one to make me happy. Because when I read books I can forget anything and when I think the story in book is amusing I will laugh. And after I read the book I will never feel sad. I think it is a good way. In my life, I often feel very tired. So I need some methods to relax myself and make me happy. For example, I usually go for a sleep and listen to some music. I think listening to music is fit of me. First, I make me forget things that make me unhappy. Second, I am interested in music. When I listen the music , I feel good. It brings me happiness. That’s why I feel happy in this way. There are a lot of ways to make me happy. Such as listening to the music, playing the piano, reading books and so on. Reading books is the best on to make me happy. Reading books make me relax. I also learn a lot of interesting knowledge when I read a book. I feel happy in this way, because I like reading.