河北教育出版社初中英语八年级下册（衔接三年级起点） Grammar教案

The Object Clause
学习目标：
1. 宾语从句的概念
2. 宾语从句连接词
3. 宾语从句语序
4. 宾语从句时态变化
难点： If 和whether区别，一般现在时的特殊情况
什么 是宾语从句？
We know him．
We know he likes English.
Find out the Object Clauses
Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)
Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
Please tell me where she has gone.
I don’t know if he will come tonight.
Let’s find out what’s on tonight .
We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .
二、连接词：
引导陈述句：that
引导一般疑问句：whether, if
引导特殊疑问句：what, how who, whose, when, why, where,which
连接词that引导的宾语从句
注1：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常省略。
我听说他一小时后回来。_________________________________________________
他说他非常想念我们。____________________________________________________
连接词if, whether引导的宾语从句
注1：whether, if 有“是否”的含义，在从句也不充当成分。
老师问我们是否准备好了期末考试。
The teaher asked us we__________ are ready for the final exam.
注2：只用whether不用if引导的宾语从句。
1. whether 与 or not 连用，而if不行。
2. 在介词后用whether而不用if.
3. 动词不定式前用whether而不用if.
1. I don’t know ________ he will come or not.
2. I don’t care of ________ he is handsome.
3. He wondered ________ to stay here the next week.
连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句-------词类连接词即：特殊疑问词
谁 _______ 谁的 _______ 什么时候 _______ 什么地方 _______ 哪一个 _______ 为什么 _______ 什么 _______ How long_______ How far _______ How often_______ How soon _______ How old_______ How tall_______
1.Can you tell me______ he is.（他在哪儿）
2. Could you tell me ___ I can get to the station. （我该怎么去车站）
3. Please tell me ____________we will have a meeting.（我们什么时候开会）
小试牛刀
1. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty
A. who B. what C. when D. that
2. I hardly understand___ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
3. She doesn't know___ back or not.
A. whether B. if C. when D. what
4. I don't know _____ he will go fishing tomorrow.
A. whether B. where C. what D.when
5. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday
A. what B .when C. why D. how
三. 宾语从句的语序
将下列问句变成陈述句。
1.Do you know China _____________________
2.Did you finish your homework _________________________
3. Is he your teacher _________________________________
4. Can you speak English ___________________________________
把上面的句子加上I wonder，变成宾语从句。
1.I wonder_______________________________________.
2.I wonder_______________________________________.
3.I wonder_______________________________________.
4.I wonder_______________________________________.
把下面的句子加上I wonder，变成宾语从句。
1.How many apples do you want
我想知道你想要多少个苹果.
_______________________________________
2.How much does it cost
我想知道它值多少钱.
_______________________________________
3.How soon will it open
我想知道它什么时候开始.
_______________________________________
4.How long may I keep the book
我想知道我可以保存这本书多长时间.
_______________________________________
5.How often do you wash your hair
我想知道你多久洗一次头发.
_______________________________________
宾语从句的语序:宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。
齐当小老师：
四.宾语从句中时态的变化
I hear (that) Jim_______( be ) a worker two years ago.
I hear (that) Jim ______( be ) an English teacher.
I hear (that) Jim_______( cook ) dinner tomorrow .
I hear (that) Jim_____________ ( sing )a popular song now.
I hear (that) Jim _____________( be ) to the Great Wall twice .
I hear (that) Jim_________( play ) basketball when his father came back.
I hear (that) Jim_________( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last term.
当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。
辨一辨
1) He will go to Hong Kong .
2) He is sick.
3) He is reading a book .
4) He has finished his work.
He said 1) he__ would go_______ to Hong Kong .
He said 2) he________ sick.
He said 3) he___________ a book .
He said 4) he____________
2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态。
1. He told me (that) summer is after Spring .
2. I was told (that) the sun is much bigger than the moon.
3. My parents told me (that) no news is good news.
3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。
Practise makes perfect
She said that she ________(be) right.
She said that she ________ (will) fly to America in a week.
The teacher said that the moon__________ (move) around the sun.
She said that she ____________ (finish) her homework already.
I wonder where they _________ (go) tomorrow.
五、经典例题，感悟中考
破解绝招：1.翻译句子，利用排除法。
2.看语序。宾语从句要用陈述语序（无助动词do\does\did）
3.看时态。若主句是一般现在时，从句各种时态都可以。
若主句是一般过去时，从句必须变成相应的过去时态。（真理，客观事实除外）
1.Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________ (2010，河北)
A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it
C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it
2. Jenny is on holiday now. I wonder ________. (2011，河北)
A. when she will come back B. when she came back
C. when will she come back D. when did she came back
3. Our teachers always give us good advice. We should follow _____. (2012，河北)
A. what they say B. what they said C. which they say D. which they said
4. If you can’t find the place. I will show you ___________ . (2013，河北)
A. what it is B. what it was C. where it is D. where it was
5. I have some tickets for the basketball match.I wonder ____．(2014，河北)
A．where you buy the tickets B．why you like to go there
C．if you'd like to come along D．when you watch the match
6. —Could you tell me _________
—Talking about festivals.(2015，河北)
how they are playing B. what they are doing
C. where they are doing D. why they are practicing
7. I’m planning a trip to the beach tomorrow, but still can’t decide______.(2016，河北)
A. where I’ m going B. how I’m going C. why I’m going D. when I’m going
8. (2016河南·35)—What did Tom say to you just now, John —He asked _______．
A．why I am so happy today B．what shall I do for the weekend
C．who did I play football with after school D．if I could go to the movies with hi
9. (2016·北京，30) —Can you tell me_______ —He lives in Shanghai．
A．where Mark lives B．where does Mark live
C．where Mark lived D．where did Mark live
10. (2016·辽宁沈阳，8)
Tom was not listening carefully, so he failed to hear____________________.
A．what the teacher said B．how the teacher said
C．what did the teacher say D．how did the teacher say
11. (2015·南京)
—I saw David in the teachers' office this morning．Do you know ___he was there —He went there to hand in his homework．
A．how B．whether C．when D．why
12．(2015·盐城) In the UK，a lady usually doesn't like to be asked ______
A．whether has she got married B．how old is she
C．Where she does come D．how much she weighs
13. (2015·泰州) —Could you tell me_________
—Sometimes，if I have time．
A．how often you go to see a film
B．how long you do your homework
C．how much time you spend on your hobbies
D．how soon will you go to see your grandparents
14. (2015·苏州)
—Excuse me，could you tell me ______ —In five minutes．
A．how soon will the film begin B．how soon the film will begin
C．how long the film has been on D．how long has the film been on
六.总结
1.学习宾从三要素:时态语序引导词.
2.时态主从要呼应: 主句若为现在时, 从句时态随句意; 主句若为过去时, 从句时态变过去; 语序要用陈述序,切莫照搬疑问句.
3. That 连接陈述句, 省与不省没关系; 从句若表“是否”时,if,whether 均可以; 特殊问句作宾语, 一定要用陈述序; 宾从表达是真理, 一般现在代过去.三个问题须记牢, 切莫丢东忘了西.
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