Module 2 No Drugs语法 动词不定式

课件30张PPT。动词不定式结构 : to do
(否定) not to do 二. 时态与语态不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been
done ----------三. 用法/ 功能To see is to believe.
It’s important to learn .(1). 主语不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,
用it作形式主语.三. 用法/ 功能My job to teach students.
Your task to clean the classroom.
isis(2). 表语I want to go home.
I found it necessary to talk to him again.(3) 宾语think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：
hope, refuse, learn, set out
choose, decide, agree, manage,
pretend, plan. The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.
I expect you to give me some help.
(4). 宾补warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等(4). 宾补五看 watch see look at observe notice三使 let make have 二听 listen to hear一感觉: feel注意：当不定式放在下列动词后面作宾语补语时，不定式不带to。
常用口诀如下：五看三室（使）两厅（听）一感觉I made him do his work.He was made to do his work (by me).I have something to say.
He has a lot of homework to do .
He is looking for a room to live in .
There is nothing to worry about.(5). 定语(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,
则不定式中要有介词.)请给我一支写字的笔.Please give me a pen to write with.something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。I came here to see you.
He got up early to catch the train.(6) 状语表示目的、原因、结果或条件。We were very excited to hear the news．
(原因)
He hurried to the school to find nobody
there . (结果)
To look at him，you would like him．
(条件)不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。He didn’t know what to say.他不知道说什么。(宾语)
How to solve the problem is very important.如何解决这个问题很重要。(主语) My question is when to start.我的问题是什么时候开始。(表语)固定句型:had better + (not) do sth.
最好（不）做某事
Why (not) do sth.?
…prefer to do/prefer doing
…prefer + n./doing A +to + n./doing B
…prefer + to do A rather than (to) do B
…would rather (not) do sth.
…would rather do A than (do) B
…would rather + 句子（过去式）
（虚拟语气） 要做……作主语
To smoke is a bad habit.
It is +adj for sb. to do sth.
It is adj of sb. to do sth.
作表语
主语+ be +to do
此外在seem, appear, happen, prove 后常带不定式
作宾语
常用的词有want, like, wish, hope, continue, try, ask, decide, agree, expect, offer
另外，find / consider/ think / feel +it +adj +to do
作状语
使役动词(make/have/ let) 和感官动词(see/watch/hear/)+省to的不定式作宾补
常见的动词ask, wish, help, prefer,want...
作定语
有些名词后常用不定式作定语 chance/ way/ time/ the first/the only
不定式的主动式或被动式作定语表达的意义是不同的
I have many letters to write.我自己写
I have many letters to be written.让别人写一，不定式的基本形式
1）一般形式
表示的动作与谓语表示的动作几乎同时发生。
They invited us to go there.
2）进行式
与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
They seemed to be talking about something secret.
3) 完成式
表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。
I am sorry to have done that.
4) 完成进行式
在谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作。
We are happy to have been working with you.
5) 被动式
These clothes are to be washed as soon as possible.
6)否定式
I warn them not to go out alone.My teacher was made _____ his teaching
because of poor health.
giving up B. to give up
C. give up D. given up
2.The sentence wants ____ once more.
explained B. to explain
C. being explained D. to be explained
3.The Arctic is considered ____ the northern part of the Atlantic.
having been B. to have been
C. to be D. beingBDC4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth
_____ for him without delay.
to have woven B. to be woven
C. to be weaving D. to weave
5.I found the German language hard ____.
learned B. learning
C. to be learned D. to learn
6.The secretary worked late into the night,
_____ a long speech for the president.
to prepare B. preparing
C. prepared D. was preparingBDB7.—The light in the office is still on.
--- Oh, I forgot ______.
turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
8.The missing boys were last seen _____
near the river.
playing B. to be playing
C. played D. to play
9._____ in thought, he almost ran into the
car in front of him.
Losing B. Having lost
C. Lost D. To loseCAC
10.---What do you think of the school?
----It is a very good _____.
A.school to study in
B. school for children to study
C. studying school
D. school to studyA11.---Did you get a job?
--- No, I ___ , but it’s no use.
expected B. tried to
C. managed to D. planned
12.We find it impossible for the work ___
ahead of time.
to finish B. finishing
C. being finished D. to be finished
13.---I usually go to Shanghai by train.
----Why not ___ there by boat for a
change?
to try to go B. try going
C. to try going D. try to go BDB14.___ a living, she had to work from
morning till night.
To make B. Made
C. Making D. To have made
15. I would rather starve to death than ___
for food.
beg B. begging C. begged D. to beg
16.The boy pretended ____ when his mother
entered.
reading B. to read
C. to be reading D. being readAACExercise1. Robert is said ____ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
to have studied B. to study
C. to be studying D. to have been studying
2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult.
not make B. not to make
C. not making D. don’t make
3. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ____ in my new job.
expected B. to expect
C. to be expecting D. expects4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.
to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. see
5. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ____.
it what to do with B. what to do with it
C. what to do it with D. to do what with it
6. The mother didn’t know ____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.
A. who B. when C. how D. why 7. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
8. We agreed ____ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
A. having met B. meeting
C. to meet D. to have met
9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to10. The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not B.eating not
C. not to eat D.not eating
11. I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. to have gone
C. going D. having gone
12. Charles Babbage is generally considered ____the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing
C. to have invented D. having invented13. Little Jim should love ____ to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take
C. being taken D. taking
14. ____ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm.
A. To sleep B. Sleeping
C. Sleep D. Having sleep
15. The teacher asked us ____ so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make
C. not making D. not to make