2022年九年级中考英语语法知识梳理
(原级+比较级+最高级)句型
1.as ...as
as ...as意为“和……一样”,as ...as中间要用形容词或副词原级,而不能使用比较级或最高级形式。
This book is as interesting as that one.这本书和那本一样有趣。
He plays table tennis as well as the teacher.他乒乓球打得和老师一样好。
注意:
①若涉及数量或程度,可用as much+不可数名词+as;as many+可数名词复数+as。
I haven't got as much money as I thought.我不像自己原来想象的那么有钱。
You've made as many mistakes as I have.你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。
②as ...as中间接形容词时,有时该形容词还可修饰另一名词,但这个名词应带有不定冠词a或an,这时它们的词序应注意:
She is as good a cook as her mother.她和她妈妈一样是位好厨师。
也可说:She is a cook as good as her mother.
但不说:She is as a good cook as her mother.或They are as good cooks as us.
2.not as (so)...as
not as(so)...as是as ...as句型的否定式,意为“和……不一样;不如……”,not as(so)...as中间要用形容词或副词原级,而不能使用比较级或最高级形式。
He speaks English not as well as Li Lei.他英语说得不如李雷好。
This tree is not as/so tall as that one.这棵树不如那棵树高。
Tom doesn't run as/so fast as Jack.汤姆不如杰克跑得快。
3.比较级+and+比较级
“比较级+and+比较级”是一个常用的形容词或副词句型,意为“越来越……”,and两边的形容词或副词都要用比较级形式。
When spring comes,days are getting longer and longer.春天来了,白天变得越来越长。
When summer comes,it is getting hotter and hotter.当夏天到来时,天气变得越来越热。
注意:
如果and两边的形容词或副词是多音节的形容词或副词,则用more and more+多音节形容词或副词,而不能表达为“more+多音节形容词或副词+and more+多音节形容词或副词”形式。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的城市变得越来越美丽了。
4.the+比较级,the+比较级
“the+比较级,the+比较级”是一个固定句型,意为“越……,就越……”
The more you eat,the fatter you will be.你吃得越多就会越胖。
The more you study,the more you know.你学得越多,就知道得越多。
The more you practice,the better you can understand.你练习得越多,理解得就越透。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心,你犯的错误就会越少。
5.less+原级
“less+形容词或副词原级”表示劣等比较,意为“较不……;更不……”;less+形容词或副词原级+than,意为“不如……”。
It is less cold today than it was yesterday.今天天气没昨天那样冷。
He studies English less hard than before.他学英语不如以前那样努力。
This book is less difficult than that one.这本书没那本书难。
The movie is less interesting than that one.这部电影不如那部电影有意思。
6.the+比较级+of the two
the+比较级+of the two,表示“两者中较……”。值得注意的是形容词最高级前要加定冠词the,形容词比较级前通常不用定冠词,但是在“the+比较级+of the two”结构中,比较级前要用定冠词。
He is the taller of the two.他是两者中比较高的。
Who is the older of the two?他们两个谁年龄较大?
This one is the bigger of the two houses.这所房子是两所房子中较大的。
7.one of+最高级+复数名词
“one of+the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”。one of ...结构有三个考点:一是one of后的形容词要用最高级;二是one of后的名词要用复数形式;三是one of ...结构作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。
One of the biggest problems is pollution.最大的问题之一是污染。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.黄河是中国最长的河之一。
8.the+形容词原级
形容词和定冠词连用,相当于一个名词,表示一类人,在句子中可以作主语和宾语,如:the poor穷人;the rich富人;the old老人;the young年轻人;the sick病人;the blind盲人;the deaf聋人
He set up a school for the deaf and the dumb.他创建了一所聋哑学校。
He stole from the rich to give to the poor.他偷富人的东西去接济穷人。
Those of us who are sighted don't understand the problems of the blind.
我们这些有视力的人不理解盲人的困难。
9.It's+adj.+of+sb.+不定式
“It's+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”是一个常用句型,表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。
这一句型中常用描述行为者性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等;句型中的介词用of。
It's very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。
It's very rude of her to say such words.她说这样的话真粗鲁。
It's foolish of him to go alone.他单独出去太傻了。
10.It's+adj.+for+sb.+不定式
“It's+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”是一个常用句型,表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。
这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等;该句型中的介词用for。
It's not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。
It's very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)对于学生来说认真听老师讲课是非常重要的。
It's necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)对于我们来说按时到校是非常必要的。
11.形容词+动词不定式句型
“形容词+to do(动词不定式)”或“连系动词+形容词+to do(动词不定式)”,表示“某人对干某事有怎样的情绪、态度或把握程度”等,通常有两种情况的形容词构成该句型,这两种形容词的后面要用动词不定式。
①表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad(高兴的),pleased(高兴的),sad(忧伤的),thankful(感激的)等后常接不定式。如:Glad to see you.见到你非常高兴。
I'm very sad to hear the bad news.听到这个坏消息,我非常难过。
I'm pleased to have the party with you.很高兴和你们一起举行聚会。
②表示能力和意志的形容词,如ready(乐意的,有准备的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等后面常接不定式。如:
Lei Feng was always ready to help others.雷锋总是乐于助人。
He is sure to get to school on time.他一定会按时到校。
【习题速递】
1. Mr.Smith said his son was as _____ as his daughter.
A.hard-working B.more hard-working C.the most hard-working
2.Everyone knows the Yellow River isn't so _____ as the Yangtze River.
A.long B.longer C.longest
3. Our country is getting _____.We are proud of it.
A.more and more strong B.strong and strong
C.stronger and stronger
4. The harder you study,the _____ grades you will get.
A.well B.better C.good D.best
5 The hotel is very old.It's one of _____ buildings in the city.
A.old B.older C.oldest D.the oldest
6.It's very kind _____ you to lend me your reusable shopping bags.
A.of B.for C.to D.with
【答案点拨】
1.答案:A 句意:史密斯先生说他儿子和女儿一样勤奋。as ...as ...意为“和……一样”,中间用形容词或副词原级。故选A。
2.答案:A 句意:每个人都知道黄河不如长江长。表示“不如……”用not as/so ...as句型,not as/so ...as中间用形容词原级。故选A。
3.答案:C 句意:我们的国家正在变得越来越强壮。表示“越来越……”用“比较级+and+比较级”。故选C。
4.答案:B 句意:你学习越努力,你就会获得越好的成绩。表示“越……,就越……”用“the+比较级……,the+比较级”结构,故选B。
5.答案:D 根据题干中的one of可知,one of后的形容词要用最高级形式,故选D。
6.答案:A 由句中表示人品质的形容词kind可知,这里用“It's+adj.+of sb.to do sth.”,故选A。