中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
9年级Units 13—14导学案
一、重点单词
1.乱扔 v．垃圾n. __________ 2.底部；最下部n. __________
3.煤；煤块 n. __________ 4.丑陋的；难看的 adj. __________
5.塑料的 adj.塑料n. __________ 6.残酷的；残忍的 adj. __________
7.工业；行业 n. __________ 8.法律；法规 n. __________
9.买得起 v. __________ 10.回收利用v．__________
11.大门 n. __________ 12.瓶子 n. __________
13.负责人;总统 n．__________ 14.金属 n. __________
15.调查 n. __________ 16.标准；水平 n.__________
17.键盘 n．__________ 18.方法；措施 n. __________
19.加倍v.两倍的 adj. __________ 20.级别(或地位)高的 adj. ________
21.水平 n. __________ 22.(大学)学位;程度 n__________
23.渴望的;口渴的 adj._________ 24.任务；工作 n. __________
25.向前面；在前面 adv. _______ 26.分离的 adj.分开v. __________
27.翅膀；翼 n. __________ 28.渔民；钓鱼的人n.________
29.木制的；木头的adj.________ 30.(音乐、艺术)作品n.________
31.体贴人的adj.________ 32.感谢；感激adj.________
二、词汇拓展
1.fisherman (n.)→____________ (复数)
2.advantage (n.)→____________ (n.)缺点
3.cost (v.)→ ____________ (过去式/过去分词)花费
4.harmful (adj.)→____________(n.)伤害
5.scientific (adj.)→____________ (n.)科学→ ____________(n.)科学家
6.reusable (adj.)→____________ (adj.)可用的→ ____________(v.)再次使用
7.instruction (n.)→ ____________ (v.)指示
8.shall (aux v．)→____________ (过去式)将要；将会
9.overcome (v.)→ ____________(过去式)→____________ (过去分词)克服；战胜
10.graduate (v.)→ ____________ (n.)毕业
11.caring (adj.)→____________ (v.)在意；担忧；关心
→____________ (adj.)小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的
12.gentleman (n.)→ ____________(复数)
13.congratulate (v.)→____________ (n.)祝贺
14.thankful (adj.)→____________(v.)感谢；谢谢
15.wooden (adj.)→____________ (n.)木；木头
16.law (n.)→ ____________ (n.)律师
三、重点短语
1.对……有害 ____________________________________
2.在……顶部或顶端____________________________________
3.食物链____________________________________
4.参加 ____________________________________
5.关掉____________________________________
6.付费；付出代价 ____________________________________
7.采取行动 ____________________________________
8.扔掉；抛弃 ____________________________________
9.好好利用某物 ____________________________________
10.拆下；摧毁 ____________________________________
11.恢复；使想起；归还 ____________________________________
12.连续几次地____________________________________
13.回首(往事)；回忆；回顾 ____________________________________
14.弄得一团糟(一塌糊涂) ____________________________________
15.沉住气；保持冷静 ____________________________________
16.(时间)逝去；过去 ____________________________________
17.信任；信赖 ____________________________________
18.首先 ____________________________________
19.渴望；渴求 ____________________________________
20.对某人心存感激 ____________________________________
21.在……前面 __________________
22.连同；除……以外还 ___________________
23.对……有责任；负责任_____________________
24.出发；启程 ____________________
25.分离；隔开 ___________________________
26.用……建造/制作 ________________________
27.翻转过来 ___________________________
28.到目前为止；迄今为止 ______________
29.对……产生影响 ___________________________
30.展望未来 ___________________________
四、重点句型
1. We're ________ to save the earth！我们尽力拯救地球！
2．The river ________ ________ be so clean.这条河过去很清澈。
3．The air is badly ________．空气污染很严重。
4．No scientific studies ________ ________ that shark fins are good for health.
没有科学研究表明鲨鱼翅有益健康。
5．We ________ ________ save the sharks.我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。
6．I remember ________ all of you in Grade 7.我记得在七年级见过你们所有人。
7．________ ________ your plans for next year？你明年有什么计划？
8．________ do you ___________ about Grade 8？关于八年级你记得什么？
五、熟词生义
1.row
n.一排；一列；一行(v.划船)
We rowed around the island. ____ (v.)
There in the front row was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard. ____ (n.)
2.cost
v.花费(n.花费；价钱；成本；代价)
To lower the cost，they learned to bargain(讲价) with the sellers. ____ (n.)
I didn't get it because it cost too much. ___ (v.)
3.instruction
n.指示；命令(n.用法说明；操作指南)
Please read the instructions before you take the medicine. ____ (n.)
I'm under instructions to keep my speech short. __ (n.)
4.standard
adj.普通的；正常的；标准的(n.标准；水平)
He failed to reach the required standard. ___ (n.)
My answers are pretty standard as well：Yes，sometimes，once in a while，and…kind of. ___ (adj.)
5.separate
v.分开；分离(adj.单独的；分离的)
We have four separate bedrooms. ___ (adj.)
More and more people hurried in and separated the boy from me. ___ (v.)
六、考点清单
1. afford的用法
1.afford意为“买得起,(经济上)担负得起”时,后面直接接名词或动词不定式作宾语,常和情态动词can 或 be able to 连用。
e.g. He can afford the apartment.
We can’t afford to buy such an expensive car.
2.afford意为“抽出;放弃;丢下”时,后面直接接表示时间的名词作宾语。
e.g. I can’t afford an hour for lunch.
I can’t afford three weeks away from work.
3.afford意为“提供;给予”时,可以接双宾语。常用短语afford sb. sth.=afford sth. to sb.“给某人提供某物”。
e.g. Can you afford me a job when I get there
注意：(1)他买不起汽车。
误:He doesn’t afford (to have) a car.
正:He can’t afford (to have) a car.
析:afford通常与can,be able to 连用。
(2)那样的东西许多人可以买得起。
误:Such things can be afforded by many people.
正:Many people can afford such things.
析:afford不能用于被动语态。
(3)我想请人把我的汽车修一下,因为我买不起新车。
误:I want to get my car repaired because I can’t afford the money for a new one.
正:I want to get my car repaired because I can’t afford ( to buy ) a new one.
析:afford可用于金钱方面,但通常不直接以金钱作宾语。
练一练
1). I am afraid we can not to take a taxi. Let’s go by underground instead.
A.refuse B.afford C.forget D.fall
2). (2020自贡)Most of us can’t a_________ to buy the car, for it costs a lot of money.
2. forget的用法
forget/remember to do sth.忘记/记得去做某事（没做）
forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得做了某事（已做）
辨析forget和leave
forget表示忘记曾经见过某人,或曾经做过某事;
leave表示将某物落在某处。
e.g. Who could forget his speech at last year’s party
I’ve left my book at home.
练一练
(2021襄阳) 请告诉学生们别忘了在考试前把电子产品递给老师。（pass）
Please tell the students ____________________________________________to the teachers before the exam.
3. 辨析separate和divide
1.separate常与from连用,separate...from...表示“将……与……分开”,指把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开来,被分隔的对象没有任何统一性。
e.g. This patient should be separated from the others.
The two countries are separated by a river.
2.divide常与into连用,divide...into...表示“把……分成……”,往往是指把某个整体分割为若干部分,被分开的对象在一定的条件下具有一定的统一性。
e.g. The cake is too large.We shall have to divide it.
A year is divided into four seasons.
练一练
1). (2020绥化)To keep players safe,policemen them from crazy fans.
A.connect B.separate C.divide D.leave
2). Please __________ (分开) the children into three groups.
4. look like的用法
1). look like意为“看起来与(某人或某物)相像,相似”。
e.g. He looks like a doctor.
These houses look like each other,which makes the street look very dull.
2). look like意为“很可能出现或引起(某事)”。
e.g. It looks like rain. Let’s start for home.
辨析look like,be like和take after
(1)look like表示“看上去像”,既可指人也可指物,通常指外表长相。
e.g. The man looks like our headmaster.
The photo doesn’t look like her at all.
(2)be like表示“品德、相貌等像什么样”,主要用于询问性格。
e.g. —What is he like
—He is kind.
(3)take after表示“长得像;行为、性格等像”,尤其指像自己的长辈,多用在有血缘关系的亲人之间。用于外貌,也能用在性格、脾气这些内在特质上。
e.g. Mary really takes after her mother.
练一练
Though he his father,tall and thin, he his mother,quiet and smart.
A.looks after;takes after B.looks like;takes like
C.looks like;takes after D.looks after;takes like
5. 辨析at the end of,by the end of和in the end
短语 含义 用法 例句
at the end of 在……尽头;在……结束时 可以指时间,也可以指地点 At the end of this road,there is a school.
by the end of 到……底为止 通常指时间,一般用于完成时或将来时 We will build this bridge by the end of this year.
in the end 最后;终于 相当于finally In the end,we found the little boy in the park.
练一练
—How is your work going
—It will be finished the end of this week. We must be on time.
A.at B.in C.on D.for
6. set out的用法
set out意为“动身,出发,启程”。常用搭配:set out on sth.“开始进行新的或重要的事情”;set out/off to do sth.“开始做某事”;set out/off for sp.“动身去某地”。
e.g. Mary will set out for Nanjing tomorrow.
=Mary will set off for Nanjing tomorrow.
out短语小结
break out爆发 bring out显现;生产( 新产品 )
carry out执行 come out出版;显露
cut out剪出 find out查明
give out散发 hand out分发;散发
hang out在外闲逛 help out帮助摆脱困境
get out摆脱;取出 lay out摆出来
look out当心;向外看 make out辨认出;听出
put out熄灭;扑灭 run out跑出去;用完
sell out卖完 take out拿出;取出
turn out结果是 work out解决;计算出
练一练
1). (2021丹东) 我们正在闲逛，这时开始下大雨。
_____________________ when it began to rain heavily.
2). (2020荆州)Before asking someone for help, you'd better _______________the right person for the problem.
让其他人帮忙之前，你最好找到谁是解决问题的合适人员。（find）
7. ahead的用法
意思及用法 例句
是副词，不要把它误认为是名词，意为“在……前面” There's danger ahead.
主要用作状语，有时也用作后置定语或表语，意为“前面，领先” The road ahead was full of sheep.Our team is ahead by three points.
常用搭配：ahead of指时间或空间的“在……之前”；go ahead表示同意或允许，意为“说吧；做吧” He is always ahead of the age.He left one day ahead of me.—May I start —Yes, go ahead.
练一练
1). “Work hard and there is a bright future _____ you，” our teacher said.
A. in front B. before of C. ahead of
2). —Hi, Bruce. My eraser is missing. May I use yours
—______. Here you are. I am not using it now.
A. Of course not B. No way C. Go ahead
8. cut down的用法
(1)cut down意为“减少”，是“动词＋副词”结构的短语，所接的宾语若为名词，宾语可位于down的前面或后面；若为代词，只能位于down的前面。
e.g. You'd better cut the article down to about 2，000 words.
(2)cut down还可表示“砍倒”。
e.g. They cut down the big tree.
(3)含有cut的短语：
cut off 切断；切除 cut into把……切成……
cut up切碎 cut in插队；插嘴
练一练
(2021黄冈) 为了孩子们的发展，应该减少他们周末的学习课程。
For children’s development, their courses on weekends should ____________.
9. be harmful to的用法
be harmful to意为“对……有害”，相当于do harm to或be bad for。
e.g. Smoking is harmful to our health.
＝Smoking does harm to our health.
＝Smoking is bad for our health.
练一练
Drinking too much ______ your health.
A. does harm to B. is harm to C. does harm for
Don't eat too much sugar. It's ________ to your teeth.
A．helpful B．harmful C．friendly
10. “It's time to do sth.”句型
(1)It's time＋(for sb.) to do sth.表示“该(是某人)做某事的时候了”。
e.g. Tom, it's time to get up.
(2)It's time for＋n.(v. ing)意为“该做某事了，到了做某事的时间了”，相当于“It's time to do sth.”。
e.g. Be quiet, everyone. It's time for class.
(3)与time相关的句型还有It's＋the＋序数词＋time＋to do sth.表示“某人第几次做某事”，可以与It's＋the＋序数词＋time＋that从句互相转换。
e.g. It's the first time for me to visit Disney land. I feel so excited.
＝It's the first time that I visit Disney land. I feel so excited.
练一练
It's time for me ________ goodbye to my mother school. I will never forget all teachers' love.
A．to say B．saying C．said
11. congratulate的用法
(1)congratulate意为“祝贺”，通常用于“congratulate sb. on sth.”，表示“为某事而祝贺某人”。
e.g. She congratulated me warmly on my good exam results.
(2)congratulation是congratulate的名词形式，其复数形式常单独使用。
e.g. —I've got the first prize.
—Congratulations！
12. set out的用法
(1)set out意为“出发；启程”，其后常跟“for＋地点”，表示出发去某地。
e.g. The army are about to set out.
Lingling and I will set out for Hangzhou.
(2)set out on sth.意为“开始进行新的或重要的事情”。
e.g. When we set out on this project, we knew it would be difficult.
(3)set out to do sth.意为“着手做某事”，相当于“set about doing sth.”。
e.g. At five in the morning, he set out to do his work.
As soon as she got home, she set about preparing lunch.
练一练
（2021武汉） We shouldn't forget where we came from as we _________ on our new journey.
七、语法复习：常考时态语态复习
一般过去时 主语＋动词过去式 1.表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间里发生的动作或存在的状态 1.ago词组2.yesterday3.last词组4.just now，in the past，in 1920等5.at the age of6.one day，long long ago，once upon a time My father was very busy last month.Tom was ill last week.
2.表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作 During the vacation，I often swam in the sea.
一般将来时 1.主语＋will＋动词原形 表示将要发生的动作或状态； 1.tomorrow，soon2.next week/month(next系列)3.in a week，in 2020，in＋一段时间4.one day，in the(near)future The twins will go to the cinema with their parents tonight.
2.主语＋am/is/are going to＋动词原形 表示计划、打算做某事，还可表示很可能发生的或有迹象表明要发生的事 We are going to have a meeting today.
现在进行时 主语＋am/is/are＋动词的现在分词 1.表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作 1.now，right now2.at present，at this time，at the/this moment3.these days4.when，while5.Look！Listen We are waiting for you.
2.表示现阶段正在进行，而此刻不一定在进行的动作 We are making model planes these days.
3.表示位置转移的动词，如go，come，leave，arrive等常用现在进行时表示将来 My friend is coming tomorrow.
过去进行时 主语＋was/were＋动词的现在分词 1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作； 1.then2.at that time，at ten yesterday，at this time yesterday In 1980，she was studying in a university.
2.和频度副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作(带有感彩) Alice was always changing her mind.
3.在when或while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句中，延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时 He was reading a novel when I came in the room.
现在完成时 主语＋have/has＋动词的过去分词 1.表示结束、结果：动作发生在过去，终止在过去，但其结果对现在仍有影响
2.表示继续：动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在，并有可能延续下去，常与表示延续的时间状语连用
3.have gone to 已去某地(未回)；have been to 曾去过某地(已回)；have been in 仍在某地
4.短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的短语连用，需要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换
5.It has been＋时间段＋since＋从句(一般过去时)
1.already，ever，never，just，yet，still2.recently，lately，so far，up to now3.in the past/last three years4.for＋一段时间5.since＋过去某一时刻 I've already finished my homework.
He has been here for five days.
I have never been to New York before.
He has joined the army for three years.(×)He has been a soldier for three years.(√)
常考被动语态的构成 1.一般现在时 am/is/are＋done Football is played in most countries in the world.
2.一般过去时 was/were＋done My bike was stolen last night.
3.一般将来时 will/shall be＋done The new film will be shown next Thursday.
4.含情态动词 情态动词be＋done The environment should be improved.
5.现在完成时 have/has been＋done The problem has been discussed for two days.
练一练
1. (2021济南) My hometown has changed a lot in the past few years.You ____ the changes if you come.
A.see B. saw C. will see D.have seen
2. (2021泸州) “I'm still working because I'm still capable and hope to guide more young people," said Wu Mengchao when he .
A. is interviewed B. is interviewing
C. was interviewed D. was interviewing
3. (2021包头)— Did you see Dorothy She just came back from abroad.
— Yes. But she ________ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
A. phones B. is phoning C. was phoning D. has phoned
4. (2021乐山) Alex, go and clean your bedroom.
一I ____________ it. It's tidy and clean now.
A. have cleaned B. cleaned C. clean
5. (2021湘潭)Look! Many people ________ in the park.
A. dance B. are dancing C. were dancing
八、写作复习：环境保护
“环境保护”写作内容主要涉及空气污染、水污染、人口问题、森林保护、自然资源保护、野生动物和濒危动物保护等。此类书面表达的命题方式有提示性作文和看图作文等形式，体裁通常为记叙文、议论文等形式。
重点词汇
duty义务;职责
protect保护
air空气
clean干净的
hope希望
believe相信
environment环境
helpful有帮助的
plant the trees种树
turn off the lights关灯
by bike骑自行车
pick up rubbish捡垃圾
do exercise做运动
recycle paper回收纸
green life绿色生活
water-saving habit节约用水的习惯
use recycled paper使用再生纸
be friendly to the environment对环境友好
提分句型
With the quick development of industry,water pollution is becoming worse and worse.
We should walk more and drive less.
No one should cut down trees any more.
It’s our duty to protect our environment.
Let’s take actions now!
Everyone should remember that we have only one earth.
Only when everyone loves the earth will it become more and more beautiful.
优秀范文：(2020天水)“绿水青山就是金山银山。”请你结合自己平时保护环境的一些做法,以“How to Make Our Hometown More Beautiful"为题,写一篇英语短文。
写作要求:
1.表达清楚,语法正确,上下文连贯;
2.80词左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数);
3.文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名等信息。
参考词汇: environment ; pollution; reduce; sort the rubbish(垃圾分类)
How to Make Our Hometown More Beautiful
The clean water and green mountains are our treasures. It’s our dream to have a home with a blue sky, green trees and clean water. So it’s very important for us to realize the importance of protecting the environment and dealing with pollution. But what should we do
We can take actions in our daily life. We can plant more trees to keep the soil in place. Resources are very important, so we need to save resources to avoid polluting the environment. For example, we can use both sides of the paper. Polluted water should be dealt with in time to keep the river clean because we cannot live without water. When we go to other places, we can choose public transport to reduce air pollution.
In my opinion, everyone can do something small to make a difference. When we see rubbish on the road, we should pick it up immediately. We should also learn to recycle waste by separating the waste into different groups. If all of us work together, we will have a more beautiful home.
针对训练
(2019·湖北宜昌)假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Mike得知你们开展了“做生态小公民,建设美丽家乡”的活动,他来信表示很感兴趣并想了解具体细节,请给Mike写一封回信向他描述你(们)曾经做过的一件事或参与的一次活动。
要求:
1.内容应包括活动或事件的时间、地点、过程和你的感受;
2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名;
3.词数80~100,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
I’m glad to hear that you are interested in our environment protection activities._____________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
一、重点单词
二、词汇拓展
三、重点短语
四、重点句型
五、熟词生义
六、考点清单
1.B;afford 2.not to forget to pass the electronic/digital products 3.B;divide 4. C 5.A 6.We were hanging out;B 7.CC 8.be cut down 9.A B 10.A 12.set out
七、语法复习 CCCAB
八、写作复习
To be an ecological citizen, we did a good job. Last Saturday, our teacher organized us to clean up the Center Park. All the students in my class took part in the activity. We were divided into three groups. The first group swept the ground. The second group picked up the fallen leaves and empty bottles. The third group took out the rubbish. To our surprise, there were other people in the park joining us, too. We spent the whole morning finishing it. Many of us were very tired but happy when we saw the beautiful park.
Now the environment around us becomes better and better. Welcome to my hometown one day.
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九全Units 13—14
人教版一轮复习
1.row
n.一排；一列；一行(v.划船)
We rowed around the island. ____ (v.)
There in the front row was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard. ____ (n.)
划船
一排
熟词生义
2.cost
v.花费(n.花费；价钱；成本；代价)
To lower the cost，they learned to bargain(讲价) with the sellers. ____ (n.)
I didn't get it because it cost too much. ___ (v.)
成本
花费
3.instruction
n.指示；命令(n.用法说明；操作指南)
Please read the instructions before you take the medicine.
____ (n.)
I'm under instructions to keep my speech short. __ (n.)
用法说明
指示
4.standard
adj.普通的；正常的；标准的(n.标准；水平)
He failed to reach the required standard. ___ (n.)
My answers are pretty standard as well：Yes，sometimes，once in a while，and…kind of. ___ (adj.)
标准
标准的
5.separate
v.分开；分离(adj.单独的；分离的)
We have four separate bedrooms. ___ (adj.)
More and more people hurried in and separated the boy from me. ___ (v.)
单独的
分开
1. afford的用法
1.afford意为“买得起,(经济上)担负得起”时,后面直接接名词或动词不定式作宾语,常和情态动词can 或 be able to 连用。
e.g. He can afford the apartment.
We can’t afford to buy such an expensive car.
2.afford意为“抽出;放弃;丢下”时,后面直接接表示时间的名词作宾语。
e.g. I can’t afford an hour for lunch.
I can’t afford three weeks away from work.
3.afford意为“提供;给予”时,可以接双宾语。常用短语afford sb. sth.=afford sth. to sb.“给某人提供某物”。
e.g. Can you afford me a job when I get there
熟词生义
注意：(1)他买不起汽车。
误:He doesn’t afford (to have) a car.
正:He can’t afford (to have) a car.
析:afford通常与can,be able to 连用。
(2)那样的东西许多人可以买得起。
误:Such things can be afforded by many people.
正:Many people can afford such things.
析:afford不能用于被动语态。
(3)我想请人把我的汽车修一下,因为我买不起新车。
误:I want to get my car repaired because I can’t afford the money for a new one.
正:I want to get my car repaired because I can’t afford ( to buy ) a new one.
析:afford可用于金钱方面,但通常不直接以金钱作宾语。
1. I am afraid we can not to take a taxi. Let’s go by underground instead.
A.refuse B.afford C.forget D.fall
2. (2020自贡)Most of us can’t a_________ to buy the car, for it costs a lot of money.
练一练
fford
2. forget的用法
forget/remember to do sth.忘记/记得去做某事（没做）
forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得做了某事（已做）
辨析forget和leave
forget表示忘记曾经见过某人,或曾经做过某事;
leave表示将某物落在某处。
e.g. Who could forget his speech at last year’s party
I’ve left my book at home.
(2021襄阳) 请告诉学生们别忘了在考试前把电子产品递给老师。（pass）
Please tell the students _____________________________________
_______to the teachers before the exam.
not to forget to pass the electronic/digital
products
练一练
3. 辨析separate和divide
1.separate常与from连用,separate...from...表示“将……与……分开”,指把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开来,被分隔的对象没有任何统一性。
e.g. This patient should be separated from the others.
The two countries are separated by a river.
2.divide常与into连用,divide...into...表示“把……分成……”,往往是指把某个整体分割为若干部分,被分开的对象在一定的条件下具有一定的统一性。
e.g. The cake is too large.We shall have to divide it.
A year is divided into four seasons.
1. (2020绥化)To keep players safe,policemen them from
crazy fans.
A.connect B.separate C.divide D.leave
2. Please __________ (分开) the children into three groups.
divide
练一练
4. look like的用法
1. look like意为“看起来与(某人或某物)相像,相似”。
e.g. He looks like a doctor.
These houses look like each other,which makes the street look very dull.
2. look like意为“很可能出现或引起(某事)”。
e.g. It looks like rain. Let’s start for home.
辨析look like,be like和take after
(1)look like表示“看上去像”,既可指人也可指物,通常指外表长相。
e.g. The man looks like our headmaster.
The photo doesn’t look like her at all.
(2)be like表示“品德、相貌等像什么样”,主要用于询问性格。
e.g. —What is he like
—He is kind.
(3)take after表示“长得像;行为、性格等像”,尤其指像自己的长辈,多用在有血缘关系的亲人之间。用于外貌,也能用在性格、脾气这些内在特质上。
e.g. Mary really takes after her mother.
Though he his father,tall and thin,he his mother,quiet and smart.
A.looks after;takes after B.looks like;takes like
C.looks like;takes after D.looks after;takes like
练一练
5. 辨析at the end of,by the end of和in the end
短语 含义 用法 例句
at the end of 在……尽头;在……结束时 可以指时间,也可以指地点 At the end of this road,there is a school.
by the end of 到……底为止 通常指时间,一般用于完成时或将来时 We will build this bridge by the end of this year.
in the end 最后;终于 相当于finally In the end,we found the little boy in the park.
—How is your work going
—It will be finished the end of this week. We must be on time.
A.at B.in C.on D.for
练一练
6. set out的用法
set out意为“动身,出发,启程”。常用搭配:set out on sth.“开始进行新的或重要的事情”;set out/off to do sth.“开始做某事”;set out/off for sp.“动身去某地”。
e.g. Mary will set out for Nanjing tomorrow.
=Mary will set off for Nanjing tomorrow.
out短语小结
break out爆发 bring out显现;生产( 新产品 )
carry out执行 come out出版;显露
cut out剪出 find out查明
give out散发 hand out分发;散发
hang out在外闲逛 help out帮助摆脱困境
get out摆脱;取出 lay out摆出来
look out当心;向外看 make out辨认出;听出
put out熄灭;扑灭 run out跑出去;用完
sell out卖完 take out拿出;取出
turn out结果是 work out解决;计算出
1. (2021丹东) 我们正在闲逛，这时开始下大雨。
_____________________ when it began to rain heavily.
2. (2020荆州)Pan Jianwei has become a famous scientist. When he was a child, he liked to ______ how things worked.
A ． set out B ． find out C ． leave out D ． bring out
We were hanging out
练一练
意思及用法 例句
是副词，不要把它误认为是名词，意为“在……前面” There's danger ahead.
主要用作状语，有时也用作后置定语或表语，意为“前面，领先” The road ahead was full of sheep.
Our team is ahead by three points.
常用搭配：ahead of指时间或空间的“在……之前”；go ahead表示同意或允许，意为“说吧；做吧” He is always ahead of the age.
He left one day ahead of me.
—May I start —Yes, go ahead.
7. ahead的用法
—Would you mind my using your pen
—Of course not. ________ .
A ． It doesn’t matter B ． I’d love to
C ． Go ahead D ． That’s all right
练一练
8. cut down的用法
(1)cut down意为“减少”，是“动词＋副词”结构的短语，所接的宾语若为名词，宾语可位于down的前面或后面；若为代词，只能位于down的前面。
e.g. You'd better cut the article down to about 2，000 words.
(2)cut down还可表示“砍倒”。
e.g. They cut down the big tree.
(3)含有cut的短语：
cut off 切断；切除 cut into把……切成……
cut up切碎 cut in插队；插嘴
(2021黄冈) 为了孩子们的发展，应该减少他们周末的学习课程。
For children’s development, their courses on weekends should
____________.
be cut down
练一练
9. be harmful to的用法
be harmful to意为“对……有害”，相当于do harm to或be bad for。
e.g. Smoking is harmful to our health.
＝Smoking does harm to our health.
＝Smoking is bad for our health.
But as we know, most backpacks are produced from different materials. If we throw them away, they will be harmful _____ our environment.
练一练
to
10. “It's time to do sth.”句型
(1)It's time＋(for sb.) to do sth.表示“该(是某人)做某事的时候了”。
e.g. Tom, it's time to get up.
(2)It's time for＋n.(v. ing)意为“该做某事了，到了做某事的时间了”，
相当于“It's time to do sth.”。
e.g. Be quiet, everyone. It's time for class.
(3)与time相关的句型还有It's＋the＋序数词＋time＋to do sth.
表示“某人第几次做某事”，可以与It's＋the＋序数词＋time＋that
从句互相转换。
e.g. It's the first time for me to visit Disney land. I feel so excited.
＝It's the first time that I visit Disney land. I feel so excited.
It's time for me ________ goodbye to my mother school. I will never forget all teachers' love.
A．to say B．saying C．said
练一练
11. congratulate的用法
(1)congratulate意为“祝贺”，通常用于“congratulate sb. on sth.”，
表示“为某事而祝贺某人”。
e.g. She congratulated me warmly on my good exam results.
(2)congratulation是congratulate的名词形式，其复数形式常单独使用。
e.g. —I've got the first prize.
—Congratulations！
12. set out的用法
(1)set out意为“出发；启程”，其后常跟“for＋地点”，表示出发去某地。
e.g. The army are about to set out.
Lingling and I will set out for Hangzhou.
(2)set out on sth.意为“开始进行新的或重要的事情”。
e.g. When we set out on this project, we knew it would be difficult.
(3)set out to do sth.意为“着手做某事”，相当于“set about doing sth.”。
e.g. At five in the morning, he set out to do his work.
As soon as she got home, she set about preparing lunch.
（2021武汉） We shouldn't forget where we came from as we _________ on our new journey.
练一练
set out
一般过去时 主语＋动词过去式 1.表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间里发生的动作或存在的状态 1.ago词组 2.yesterday 3.last词组 4.just now， in the past， in 1920等 5.at the age of 6.one day， long long ago， once upon a time My father was very busy last month.
Tom was ill last week.
2.表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作 During the vacation，I often swam in the sea.
常考时态语态复习
语法复习
一般将来时 1.主语＋will＋动词原形 表示将要发生的动作或状态； 1.tomorrow，soon 2.next week/month (next系列) 3.in a week， in 2020， in＋一段时间 4.one day， in the(near)future The twins will go to the cinema with their parents tonight.
2.主语＋am/is/are going to＋动词原形 表示计划、打算做某事，还可表示很可能发生的或有迹象表明要发生的事 We are going to have a meeting today.
现在进行时 主语＋am/is/are＋动词的现在分词 1.表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作 1.now，right now 2.at present， at this time， at the/this moment 3.these days 4.when，while 5.Look！Listen We are waiting for you.
2.表示现阶段正在进行，而此刻不一定在进行的动作 We are making model planes these days.
3.表示位置转移的动词，如go，come，leave，arrive等常用现在进行时表示将来 My friend is coming tomorrow.
过去进行时 主语＋was/were＋动词的现在分词 1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作； 1.then 2.at that time， at ten yesterday， at this time yesterday In 1980，she was studying in a university.
2.和频度副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作(带有感彩) Alice was always changing her mind.
3.在when或while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句中，延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时 He was reading a novel when I came in the room.
现在完成时 主语＋have/has＋动词的过去分词 1.表示结束、结果：动作发生在过去，终止在过去，但其结果对现在仍有影响
2.表示继续：动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在，并有可能延续下去，常与表示延续的时间状语连用
3.have gone to 已去某地(未回)；have been to 曾去过某地(已回)；have been in 仍在某地
4.短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的短语连用，需要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换
5.It has been＋时间段＋since＋从句(一般过去时)
1.already，ever， never，just， yet，still 2.recently，lately， so far，up to now 3.in the past/last three years 4.for＋一段时间 5.since＋过去某一时刻 I've already finished my homework.
He has been here for five days.
I have never been to New York before.
He has joined the army for three years.(×)
He has been a soldier for three years.(√)
常考被动语态的构成 1.一般现在时 am/is/are＋done Football is played in most countries in the world.
2.一般过去时 was/were＋done My bike was stolen last night.
3.一般将来时 will/shall be＋done The new film will be shown next Thursday.
4.含情态动词 情态动词be＋done The environment should be improved.
5.现在完成时 have/has been＋done The problem has been discussed for two days.
1. (2021济南) My hometown has changed a lot in the past few years.You ____ the changes if you come.
A.see B. saw C. will see D.have seen
2. (2021泸州) “I'm still working because I'm still capable and hope to guide more young people," said Wu Mengchao when he .
A. is interviewed B. is interviewing
C. was interviewed D. was interviewing
练一练
3. (2021包头)— Did you see Dorothy She just came back from abroad.
— Yes. But she ________ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
A. phones B. is phoning C. was phoning D. has phoned
4. (2021乐山) Alex, go and clean your bedroom.
一I ____________ it. It's tidy and clean now.
A. have cleaned B. cleaned C. clean
5. (2021湘潭)Look! Many people ________ in the park.
A. dance B. are dancing C. were dancing
“环境保护”写作内容主要涉及空气污染、水污染、人口问题、森林保护、自然资源保护、野生动物和濒危动物保护等。此类书面表达的命题方式有提示性作文和看图作文等形式，体裁通常为记叙文、议论文等形式。
环境保护
写作复习
重点词汇
duty义务;职责
protect保护
air空气
clean干净的
hope希望
believe相信
environment环境
helpful有帮助的
plant the trees种树
turn off the lights关灯
by bike骑自行车
pick up rubbish捡垃圾
do exercise做运动
recycle paper回收纸
green life绿色生活
water-saving habit节约用水的习惯
use recycled paper使用再生纸
be friendly to the environment对环境友好
提分句型
With the quick development of industry,water pollution is becoming
worse and worse.
We should walk more and drive less.
No one should cut down trees any more.
It’s our duty to protect our environment.
Let’s take actions now!
Everyone should remember that we have only one earth.
Only when everyone loves the earth will it become more and more
beautiful.
优秀范文：(2020天水)“绿水青山就是金山银山。”请你结合自己平时保护环境的一些做法,以“How to Make Our Hometown More Beautiful"为题,写一篇英语短文。
写作要求:
1.表达清楚,语法正确,上下文连贯;
2.80词左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数);
3.文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名等信息。
参考词汇: environment ; pollution; reduce; sort the rubbish(垃圾分类)
How to Make Our Hometown More Beautiful
The clean water and green mountains are our treasures. It’s our dream to have a home with a blue sky, green trees and clean water. So it’s very important for us to realize the importance of protecting the environment and dealing with pollution. But what should we do
We can take actions in our daily life. We can plant more trees to keep the soil in place. Resources are very important, so we need to save resources to avoid polluting the environment. For example, we can use both sides of the paper. Polluted water should be dealt with in time to keep the river clean because we cannot live without water. When we go to other places, we can choose public transport to reduce air pollution.
In my opinion, everyone can do something small to make a difference. When we see rubbish on the road, we should pick it up immediately. We should also learn to recycle waste by separating the waste into different groups. If all of us work together, we will have a more beautiful home.
针对训练
(2019·湖北宜昌)假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Mike得知你们开展了“做生态小公民,建设美丽家乡”的活动,他来信表示很感兴趣并想了解具体细节,请给Mike写一封回信向他描述你(们)曾经做过的一件事或参与的一次活动。
要求:
1.内容应包括活动或事件的时间、地点、过程和你的感受;
2.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名;
3.词数80~100,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
I’m glad to hear that you are interested in our environment protection activities.___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
To be an ecological citizen, we did a good job. Last Saturday, our teacher organized us to clean up the Center Park. All the students in my class took part in the activity. We were divided into three groups. The first group swept the ground. The second group picked up the fallen leaves and empty bottles. The third group took out the rubbish. To our surprise, there were other people in the park joining us, too. We spent the whole morning finishing it. Many of us were very tired but happy when we saw the beautiful park.
Now the environment around us becomes better and better. Welcome to my hometown one day.
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
九全 Units 13—14配套作业
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1.Their plants don’t grow very well， but look really good.
A. we B.our C.ours D.ourselves
2.We should always the people who have helped us.
A. be hard on B.be thirsty for C.be afraid of D.be thankful to
3.The movie is most exciting one and I expect to see it for second time.
A. the; a B. the; the C. a; the D. a; a
4.It’s a good habit to the lights before leaving the classroom.
A.go on B.go off C.turn on D.turn off
5.Do you think what you said would make any difference the final decision
A.in B.for C.to D.on
6. I like novels written by J. K. Rowling. So far I all her works about Harry Potter.
A. have read B. read C. am reading D. will read
7.—Can I take the magazines out
—No，Sir. They out of the reading room. It’s a rule.
A. needn’t be taken B. can’t take C. mustn’t be taken D. should not take
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
（2021内蒙古）Shyness once took over my life. When I was 13, in my French lesson, my teacher told us to _____1_____ ourselves speaking about our families. I recorded myself with confidence. When I pressed “play” to listen back, I _____2_____ my strange voice —just like a little kid. That made me very shy and I _____3_____ attending events from then on.
Years after that, I became a teacher in a primary school. On the first day, my hands could not help but sweat（出汗）. The weight of my arms was trying to prevent me from _____4_____ the door. Though a little _____5_____, I opened the door slowly. _____6_____, a wave of laughter flew through the air. Then I _____7_____, and felt it was a bad _____8_____ to be a teacher They did not seem to mind me at all. After class, a little girl walked up to me and asked, “Could you _____9_____ me to read this ” with the most _____10_____ face I have ever seen as if she had just gotten a cookie. “I like your voice!” she said. I shook my shyness off and my body felt as _____11_____ as a feather（羽毛）. Perhaps this was not such a bad idea after all.
Besides, there was one simple thing that _____12_____ me most. Every day when the students left, they would clean up after themselves and leave their areas _____13_____ without ever being told to do so. Actually, they _____14_____ very well. Looking back it now, I would have to say these students gave me one of the greatest _____15_____ of my life.
In the future, I want to create a space for shy people like me to shine.
1. A. spend B. stop C. record D. forget
2. A. sent B. reminded C. knew D. heard
3. A. avoided B. practiced C. remembered D. liked
4. A. opening B. answering C. closing D. hitting
5. A. calm B. nervous C. disappointed D. proud
6. A. Suddenly B. Secretly C. Possibly D. Finally
7. A. passed by B. walked in C. stood up D. set off
8. A. suggestion B. change C. choice D. result
9. A. advise B. encourage C. warn D. help
10. A. honest B. excited C. cold D. serious
11. A. soft B. white C. light D. weak
12. A. bored B. surprised C. worried D. hurt
13. A. tidy B. bright C. empty D. warm
14. A. relaxed B. played C. behaved D. lived
15. A. expressions B. chances C. conditions D. experiences
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A（2021济南）
Apartment to rent,16 Baddesley Road,Little Haddern VillageWe have a comfortable three-bedroom apartment to rent（出租）.The apartment is in very good condition!one large living roomthree bedroomsbig kitchensmall garage（车库）Do you like the quiet life The apartment is for you!Large garden.Beautiful views of the fields and woods.Only fifteen minutes by train to the city center.Animals and children are welcome!Only$600 a month (in advance, please).Interested Please telephone:Carleen GreenWest Farm, Little Haddern VillageTel: 019405486574
1.Where is the apartment
A.On Haddern Road. B.In a village.
C. Near a school. D.Behind a hotel.
2.The apartment has
A. two bedrooms B.a small garden
C.one large garage D.a big kitchen
3.You should pay ____if you want to rent the apartment for half a year.
A.＄1,800 B.＄2,400 C.＄3,600 D.＄7,200
4.You can call____at 019405486574 if you want to rent the apartment.
A. Carleen Green B. West Farm C. Baddesley D. Little Haddern
5.Which of the following is true
A. People with pets cannot rent the apartment.
B.The apartment is not very far from the city center.
C. Only adults who have children can rent the apartment.
D.You can't see the fields or the woods from the apartment.
B(2021鄂州）
Chris recently completed a very unusual journey. Our reporter Mary met him at his home in south London and he told her all about the trip.
Reporter: What gave you the idea to travel around India on an elephant, Chris
Chris: Well, it all started two years ago when I was planning a trip to India. I visited a photographic （摄影的）exhibition of elephants and I realized that the only way to travel around India was on an elephant.
Reporter: What did you do next
Chris: I flew to New Delhi and started looking for an elephant. I needed an elephant trained to carry people. I didn't know anything about elephants, so I asked an expert for help. He taught me how to ride an elephant. He also helped me find an elephant.
Reporter: How long did it take to find a suitable elephant
Chris: Not too long. I bought a female elephant called Tara for about USD 6, 000.
Reporter: Can you tell me about the journey
Chris: Tara and I set off from New Delhi a week later. We were heading to Sonepur in northern India where there is a big elephant market and I could sell Tara easily. And what a ride! Elephants can travel at about 6 miles an hour and Sonepur was more than 1, 200 km away. It took us 64 days to complete the journey.
Reporter: Did you have any problems on your journey
Chris: Yes, a few. But nothing serious. On the third day, Tara hurt her foot. But that got better quickly. Also, there was a lot of heavy rain during the first week and we got very wet!
Reporter: What happened when you reached Sonepur
Chris: My plan was to sell Tara. But by now I was very fond of her. I couldn’t take her back to Britain and I didn’t want to sell her at the market. By chance, I met some people who wanted an elephant for their national park in southern India. I knew that Tara would be safe with them, so I gave her to them. I was very sad to say goodbye.
1. Chris got the idea to travel around India on an elephant from ___________.
A. a visit to an Indian zoo
B. an elephant expert from India
C. an old friend who lived in India
D. a photographic exhibition of elephants
2. The elephant expert told Chris _______________.
A. the price of elephants B. how to ride an elephant
C. where to sell his elephant D. how to feed an elephant
3. Chris decided to travel to Sonepur because _______________.
A. it is a very interesting place
B. elephants can't be sold anywhere else
C. he would be able to sell Tera there easily
D. it would only take 64 days to travel there
4. When Chris arrived at Sonepur market, he _________________.
A. sold Tara to a national park
B. visited a national park
C. realized that he didn't really want to sell Tara
D. decided to take Tara home with him
5. The best title for the passage is _________________.
A. Selling an Elephant B. An Unusual Journey
C. An Exhibition of Elephants D. How to Ride an Elephant
Ⅳ.单词拼写
1.His experience in that foreign company is one of the greatest (优势) over others.
2.I have to complain to the (经理) about the service of the restaurant.
3.I should be (感谢) to my English teacher because she often encourages me to keep on working hard.
4.There is a (木制的) table in the middle of the room.
5.Taiwan is part of China， and it can never be (分离) from our motherland.
Ⅴ.书面表达。
（2020柳州）假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展环保公益活动。你的英国笔友Tony想了解活动的有关情况。请你用英文给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 周末到社区发表保护环境的演讲；
2. 到山上植树；
3. 垃圾分类投放；
4. 收集可回收利用的废品。
注意：
1. 词数70左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 邮件的开头和结尾部分已给出，不计入总词数；
4. 文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。
参考词汇：
社区community 发表演讲give speeches 保护环境protect the environment
植树plant trees 垃圾rubbish 把……分成……divide…into…
收集collect 回收利用recycle 废品waste
Dear Tony,
I'm very glad that you are interested in our environment-protecting activity. Now let me tell you something about it. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________We cannot hope for rapid change, but every little bit helps!
With my best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
答案
Ⅰ.单项选择
CDDDC AC
Ⅱ.完形填空
CDAAB ABCDB CBACD
Ⅲ.阅读理解
BDCAB DBCCB
Ⅳ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.advantages 2.manager 3.thankful 4.wooden 5.separated
V.书面表达
Dear Tony,
I’m very glad that you are interested in our environment-protecting activity Now let me tell you something about it.
We made a speech on environmental protection in the community at the weekend so that more people could understand the importance of environmental protection. We went to the hill in groups to plant trees. I think the more trees there are, the fresher our air will be. Waste sorting plays an important role in protecting the environment. We started with small things every day to sort waste. In order to save resources, we also collected recyclable waste.
We cannot hope for rapid change, but every little bit helps!
With my best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
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