中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
介词和介词短语导学案
易错点一：时间介词in，on与at用混
(2021资阳)The CPC （中国共产党） was born July，1921，and started a hundred years' fight for the happiness of Chinese people.
A．on B．in C．at D．for
【详解】句意：中国共产党(中国共产党)生于1921年7月，开始了为中国人民的幸福而奋斗的百年。at＋钟点，表示在几点钟；in＋年/月，表示在某年或某月；on＋星期/具体的日子，表示在星期几或某一天；to向。故选B项。
(2021西藏)Beijing will host the 24 Winter Olympics 2022.
A．on B．at C．for D．in
【详解】句意：北京将于2022年举办24届冬奥会。in＋年/月，表示在某年或某月。故选D。
知识点再现
in 用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上前 如：in the 21st century在21世纪；in 2019 在2019年；in March 在三月；in spring 在春天；in the morning 在上午
on 用在具体的某一天(的上午、下午或晚上)，也可用于星期或节日前 如：on New Year's Day 在元旦；on Monday 在星期一；on a cold winter morning 在一个寒冷冬天的早晨
at 用在某一具体的时刻，也可用在固定短语中 如：at six o'clock 在6点钟；at noon/night 在正午/晚上
易错点二：时间介词in与after用混
(2018广东)—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school
—________ about two months.
A．In B．For C．Among D．During
【详解】句意：——多久我们才会收到新高中的录取通知书？——大概两个月后吧。how soon对从现在开始到将来某动作结束或发生的这段时间提问，常用在将来时态中，回答用“in＋一段时间”，故选A项。
(2017东营)Doctors say that the first 10 minutes ________ a traffic accident is important for saving a life.
A．in B．before C．after D．during
【详解】句意：医生说交通事故发生后的前10分钟对拯救生命是重要的。in在……之内；before在……以前；after在……之后；during在……期间。拯救生命发生在交通事故之后。故选C项。
知识点再现
in 两者皆可表示“在……以后” 以现在为起点，“in＋时间段”常用于将来时态的句子中 如：I will go to Beijing in three days.
after 1.以过去为起点，“after＋时间段”常用于过去时态的句子中 如：Tom left here after three days.
2.以现在为起点，“after＋时间点”常用于现在或将来时态的句子中 如：Bob will go to Beijing after five o'clock.
易错点三：时间介词for与since用混
(2020·铜仁)—How long have you had the cell phone, Kangkang
—I’ve had it two months. It helps me a lot.
A.for B.since C.in D.on
【详解】考查介词辨析。句意:“康康,你买手机多久了 ”“我已经买了两个月了。它对我很有帮助。”根据语境和“two months”可知,用介词for,后接一段时间。故选A。
知识点再现
for “for＋时间段”表示“多长时间”，指时间的延续，常与现在完成时连用 如：I have lived here for more than twenty years.
since “since＋时间点”表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时连用 如：He has been a teacher in No.13 Middle School since 2001.
易错点四：方式介词by, in与with用混
（2021湘潭）—How do you study for a test, Eric
—I study _____ working with a group.
A．by B．with C．in
【详解】句意：—埃里克，你是怎么准备考试的？
—我通过小组合作学习。by表示用.......方式;借助......手段，故选A项。
(2020黄石)More and more people in Huangshi choose to go to work ________bike.
A. in B. with C. on D. by
【详解】句意：在黄石越来越多的人选择骑自行车上班。in在……里面；with和……一起；on在……上面；by通过……方式。根据句意可知，这里表示乘坐交通工具，in和on后跟交通工具时，都应有冠词或限定词；by后不用，故选D。
知识点再现
by 表示用某种方式或手段、途径等，也可和表示交通工具的名词连用 The girl made money by selling flowers.
in 表示用某种材料或语言、声音等 Can you sing this song in English
with 表示“用……工具/手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段 I write my homework with a pen.
易错点五：but, besides与except用混
(2020黔东南)All of us helped to clean up the old people's home ________ Eric. He had a bad cold.
A．besides B．against C．except D．with
【详解】句意：除了埃里克，我们都帮忙打扫了老人之家。他得了重感冒。根据下文He had a bad cold.可知，埃里克没去帮忙打扫老人之家。except表示从整体中除去某一部分，符合句意，故选C项。
知识点再现
but 表示“除……之外”，常与含否定意义的词连用 We have had nothing but trouble with this car.
besides 表示“除……之外(还有)”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物。其前常有other、another、any other、a few等词 I have a few good friends besides you.
except 表示“除……之外(不再有)”，指从整体中排除except所接的人或物，前面常有all、every、any、no等 All the students went to the zoo except Jim.
易错点六：地点、方位介词in, on, to与at用混
(2021海南)Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ______ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
【详解】句意：三沙，一座美丽的城市，位于中国的南部。三沙在中国境内，应用介词in。故选A项。
知识点再现
in 用于较大的地方前(如:国家、城市、乡镇、水域等) in China
表示某一小地方(相对)在另一大地点之内 Uncle Tom lives on a farm in the country.
on 在……表面或在广阔的平面上 on the floor
表示两地接壤 Hunan is on the south of Hubei.
to 表示两地点隔海相望 Japan lies to the east of China.
at 用于较小的场所前 at home
易错点七：across, over与through用混
(2019河南)—Shall I help you ________ the street, Grandpa
—No, thanks. I can manage it myself.
A．on B．with C．across D．along
【详解】句意：——爷爷，我搀扶您过马路好吗？——不用了，谢谢。我自己可以过马路。across表示“从一边到另一边”，across the street意为“过马路”，符合语境，故答案为C项。
(2020凉山州)—Look, there is a cute bird, Mom.
—It flew into our kitchen ________the window just now, Alex.
A．across B．through C．above D．under
【详解】句意：——妈妈，看，有一只可爱的鸟。——亚历克斯，它刚刚穿过窗户飞进我们的厨房。根据句意可知，小鸟穿过窗户内部飞进来，用through，故选B项。
知识点再现
across 指从物体的一侧到另一侧或从某个范围的一边到另一边,表示“横过” He swam across the river yesterday.
over 指从某一物体的上方“越过、翻越过去” Jack told me that he could jump over the desk.
through 指从某一物体的内部“穿过”,即动作是在物体的三维空间进行的,表示“穿过”树林、洞、门、窗、房间等时,均可用through The girl went through the forest alone.
易错点八：介词短语
(2021甘孜州) Why were you late school yesterday
A. to B. for C. with D. by
【详解】句意：你为什么上学迟到？be late for迟到，故选B项。
知识点再现
1. 介词与动词的常见搭配
ask for 要；请求 hear from 收到……来信
wait for 等待 learn from 向……学习
leave for 前往 send for 派人去请
think of 考虑 listen to 听
depend on 依靠 laugh at 嘲笑
look after 照顾 look for 寻找
arrive in/at 到达 worry about 担心
regard … as 把……当作
2. 介词与名词的常见搭配
on time 准时 in English 用英语
in danger处于危险中 in fact 事实上
on the left/right 在左/右边 on one’s way to在某人去……的路上
with/without one’s help 有/没有某人的帮助 to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是
3. 介词与形容词的常见搭配
be good at 擅长于…… be proud of 为……而自豪
be full of/be filled with 充满 be afraid of 害怕
be busy with 忙于 be kind to 对某人友好
be strict with 对某人要求严格 be ready for 为……做准备
be late for 迟到
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共25张PPT)
易错点归纳与突破
--介词与介词短语
2022中考英语
时间介词in，on与at用混
(2021资阳)The CPC （中国共产党） was born July，1921，and started a hundred years' fight for the happiness of Chinese people.
A．on B．in C．at D．for
【详解】句意：中国共产党(中国共产党)生于1921年7月，开始了为中国人民的幸福而奋斗的百年。at＋钟点，表示在几点钟；in＋年/月，表示在某年或某月；on＋星期/具体的日子，表示在星期几或某一天；to向。故选B项。
易错点一：
(2021西藏)Beijing will host the 24 Winter Olympics 2022.
A．on B．at C．for D．in
【详解】句意：北京将于2022年举办24届冬奥会。in＋年/月，表示在某年或某月。故选D。
in 用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上前 如：in the 21st century在21世纪；
in 2019 在2019年；in March 在三月；
in spring 在春天；in the morning 在上午
on 用在具体的某一天(的上午、下午或晚上)，也可用于星期或节日前 如：on New Year's Day 在元旦；
on Monday 在星期一；
on a cold winter morning 在一个寒冷冬天的早晨
at 用在某一具体的时刻，也可用在固定短语中 如：at six o'clock 在6点钟；
at noon/night 在正午/晚上
知识点再现
时间介词in与after用混
(2018广东)—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school
—________ about two months.
A．In B．For C．Among D．During
【详解】句意：——多久我们才会收到新高中的录取通知书？——大概两个月后吧。how soon对从现在开始到将来某动作结束或发生的这段时间提问，常用在将来时态中，回答用“in＋一段时间”，故选A项。
易错点二：
(2017东营)Doctors say that the first 10 minutes ________ a traffic accident is important for saving a life.
A．in B．before C．after D．during
【详解】句意：医生说交通事故发生后的前10分钟对拯救生命是重要的。in在……之内；before在……以前；after在……之后；during在……期间。拯救生命发生在交通事故之后。故选C项。
in 两者皆可表示“在……以后” 以现在为起点，“in＋时间段”常用于将来时态的句子中 如：I will go to Beijing in three days.
after 1.以过去为起点，“after＋时间段”常用于过去时态的句子中 如：Tom left here after three days.
2.以现在为起点，“after＋时间点”常用于现在或将来时态的句子中 如：Bob will go to Beijing after five o'clock.
知识点再现
时间介词for与since用混
(2020·铜仁)—How long have you had the cell phone, Kangkang
—I’ve had it two months. It helps me a lot.
A.for B.since C.in D.on
【详解】考查介词辨析。句意:“康康,你买手机多久了 ”“我已经买了两个月了。它对我很有帮助。”根据语境和“two months”可知,用介词for,后接一段时间。故选A。
易错点三：
for “for＋时间段”表示“多长时间”，指时间的延续，常与现在完成时连用 如：I have lived here for more than twenty years.
since “since＋时间点”表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时连用 如：He has been a teacher in No.13 Middle School since 2001.
知识点再现
方式介词by, in与with用混
（2021湘潭）—How do you study for a test, Eric
—I study _____ working with a group.
A．by B．with C．in
【详解】句意：—埃里克，你是怎么准备考试的？
—我通过小组合作学习。by表示用.......方式;借助......手段，故选A项。
易错点四：
(2020黄石)More and more people in Huangshi choose to go to work ________bike.
A. in B. with C. on D. by
【详解】句意：在黄石越来越多的人选择骑自行车上班。in在……里面；with和……一起；on在……上面；by通过……方式。根据句意可知，这里表示乘坐交通工具，in和on后跟交通工具时，都应有冠词或限定词；by后不用，故选D。
by 表示用某种方式或手段、途径等，也可和表示交通工具的名词连用 The girl made money by selling flowers.
in 表示用某种材料或语言、声音等 Can you sing this song in English
with 表示“用……工具/手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段 I write my homework with a pen.
知识点再现
but, besides与except用混
(2020黔东南)All of us helped to clean up the old people's home ________ Eric. He had a bad cold.
A．besides B．against C．except D．with
【详解】句意：除了埃里克，我们都帮忙打扫了老人之家。他得了重感冒。根据下文He had a bad cold.可知，埃里克没去帮忙打扫老人之家。except表示从整体中除去某一部分，符合句意，故选C项。
易错点五：
but 表示“除……之外”，常与含否定意义的词连用 We have had nothing but trouble with this car.
besides 表示“除……之外(还有)”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物。其前常有other、another、any other、a few等词 I have a few good friends besides you.
except 表示“除……之外(不再有)”，指从整体中排除except所接的人或物，前面常有all、every、any、no等 All the students went to the zoo except Jim.
知识点再现
地点、方位介词in, on, to与at用混
(2021海南)Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ______ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
【详解】句意：三沙，一座美丽的城市，位于中国的南部。三沙在中国境内，应用介词in。故选A项。
易错点六：
in 用于较大的地方前(如:国家、城市、乡镇、水域等) in China
表示某一小地方(相对)在另一大地点之内 Uncle Tom lives on a farm in the country.
on 在……表面或在广阔的平面上 on the floor
表示两地接壤 Hunan is on the south of Hubei.
to 表示两地点隔海相望 Japan lies to the east of China.
at 用于较小的场所前 at home
知识点再现
across, over与through用混
(2019河南)—Shall I help you ________ the street, Grandpa
—No, thanks. I can manage it myself.
A．on B．with C．across D．along
【详解】句意：——爷爷，我搀扶您过马路好吗？——不用了，谢谢。我自己可以过马路。across表示“从一边到另一边”，across the street意为“过马路”，符合语境，故答案为C项。
易错点七：
(2020凉山州)—Look, there is a cute bird, Mom.
—It flew into our kitchen ________the window just now, Alex.
A．across B．through C．above D．under
【详解】句意：——妈妈，看，有一只可爱的鸟。——亚历克斯，它刚刚穿过窗户飞进我们的厨房。根据句意可知，小鸟穿过窗户内部飞进来，用through，故选B项。
across 指从物体的一侧到另一侧或从某个范围的一边到另一边,表示“横过” He swam across the river yesterday.
over 指从某一物体的上方“越过、翻越过去” Jack told me that he could jump over the desk.
through 指从某一物体的内部“穿过”,即动作是在物体的三维空间进行的,表示“穿过”树林、洞、门、窗、房间等时,均可用through The girl went through the forest alone.
知识点再现
介词短语
(2021甘孜州) Why were you late school yesterday
A. to B. for C. with D. by
【详解】句意：你为什么上学迟到？be late for迟到，故选B项。
易错点八：
1. 介词与动词的常见搭配
ask for 要；请求 hear from 收到……来信
wait for 等待 learn from 向……学习
leave for 前往 send for 派人去请
think of 考虑 listen to 听
depend on 依靠 laugh at 嘲笑
look after 照顾 look for 寻找
arrive in/at 到达 worry about 担心
regard … as 把……当作
知识点再现
2. 介词与名词的常见搭配
on time 准时 in English 用英语
in danger处于危险中 in fact 事实上
on the left/right 在左/右边
on one’s way to在某人去……的路上
with/without one’s help 有/没有某人的帮助
to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是
3. 介词与形容词的常见搭配
be good at 擅长于…… be proud of 为……而自豪
be full of/be filled with 充满 be afraid of 害怕
be busy with 忙于 be kind to 对某人友好
be strict with 对某人要求严格 be ready for 为……做准备
be late for 迟到
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
介词和介词短语专项练习
单项选择
1．（2021凉山）The Communist Party of China was set up ______ July, 1921 and we will celebrate her 100th birthday this year.
A．on B．at C．in D．by
2．（2021苏州）Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence _____ a team.
A．to B．from C．on D．at
3．（2021达州）— What happened to Tony
—_____ the morning of a rainy day, he _____ a bike and hurt his legs.
A．In; put off B．On; fell off C．In; fell off D．On; put off
4．（2021黄石）It’s parents’ job to ______ a clean and comfortable environment at home ______ their children.
A．support; with B．offer; with C．give; for D．provide; for
5．（2021宿迁）The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ______ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．on C．for D．at
6．（2021临沂）We’ll have a class meeting ______ 3:30 this afternoon.
A．in B．on C．at
7．（2021天津）Anna is taller than me. She sits _____ me in the classroom.
A．between B．from C．behind D．among
8．（2021武汉）— I could tell _____ the look on her face that something exciting had happened.
— Exactly!
A．on B．with C．by D．at
9．（2021滨州）—Do you like the present, Cindy
—Oh, I’ve been thirsty ______ such a dictionary. I’m really thankful ______ you.
A．for; to B．with; for C．about; with D．to; about
10．（2021百色）The Communist Party of China was founded______ July 1st, 1921.
A．in B．on C．at D．/
11．（2021大庆）Our hometown is a beautiful city ______ hundreds of lakes.
A．at B．on C．with D．by
12．（2021盐城）China successfully landed a spacecraft _____ Mars in May, 2021.
A．in B．on C．at D．for
13．（2021河北）I eat rice _____ beef and potatoes. It’s delicious.
A．in B．on C．with D．for
14．（2021大连市）I often do volunteer work in the library ______ Sundays.
A．at B．in C．on D．for
15．（2021梧州）I often go to school ______ foot.
A．in B．by C．on D．at
16．（2021广元）As a middle school student, you should learn to depend ______ yourself to make a decision.
A．of B．with C．for D．on
17．（2021南京）We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China _____ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．on C．at D．of
18．（2021山西）In the future, robots will play a more important role in people’s life _____ the development of technology.
A．ahead of B．instead of C．because of
19．（2021贵阳）In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work ______ subway.
A．in B．on C．by
20．（2021桂林）There is a new TV ______ the wall.
A．at B．of C．on
21．（2021盘锦）The little boy hid himself ______ the door to give his sister a surprise.
A．behind B．above C．across D．under
答案
1-5 CCBDB 6-10 CCCAB 11-15 CBCCC 26-20 DBCCC 21.A
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
