课件10张PPT。
abstract
1)adj.
(1)抽象的(与个别情况相对)；纯理论的
Your reasoning seems very abstract.
你的推理似乎很抽象。
(2)抽象的(与具体经验相对)
We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is abstract.
我们尽可谈论美的事物， 然而美本身却是抽象的。(3)(艺术) 抽象(派) 的
Modern art is often rather abstract.
现代艺术往往相当抽象。
2)(v.)～sth(from sth)把……抽象出；提取；抽取；分离
①In the end he abstracted the most important points from his long speech.
最后他从自己的长篇演说中提取出最重要的几点。
②She abstracted the main points from the argument.
她把论据概括成要点。3)n.
(1)抽象， 抽象概念， 抽象性
His mind was concrete and moved with difficulty in regions of the abstract.
他的思想是具体的，他在抽象的领域里步履艰难。
(2)抽象派艺术作品
There're two abstracts on the wall.
墙上挂着两幅抽象派画。
(3)摘要， 梗概
He made an abstract of a long article.
他对一篇长文章做了摘要。【知识运用】
(1)The following is a/an________of his interview with Business Times.
A．note B．concept
C．abstract D．Summary
答案：C 本题题意：以下是他接受《商业时报》访问的摘要。make an abstract of表示“把……的要点摘录下来”。(2)You explain things in a way that is too______for me.
A．reasonable B．abstract
C．imaginable D．impressive
答案：B 本题题意：你如此解释事物对我来说太深奥了。abstract表示“抽象的(与具体经验相对)”。课件135张PPT。Ⅰ.词汇
1．________(n.) 信任；信心；信念→________ (adj.) 忠诚的；忠实的→________(adv.)
2．________ (n.) 目标；瞄准→________ (adj.)无目的的→________ (adv.) 无目的地
3．________ (adj.) 常规的；传统的→________ (n.) 常规；惯例
4．________ (adj.) 明显的；明白的→________ (n.)证据；证明；证词5．________ (vt.) 采用；采纳；收养→________(n.) 采用；采纳；收养
6．________ (vt.) 拥有；具有；支配→________ (n.) 所有；财产
7．________(adj.) 荒谬的；可笑的→________(adv.) 荒谬地；荒唐地
8．________ (v.) 预言；预告→________ (n.) 预言；预报
答案：1.faith; faithful; faithfully 2.aim; aimless; aimlessly
3．conventional; convention 4.evident; evidence 5.adopt; adoption 6.possess; possession 7.ridiculous; ridiculously
8．predict; predictionⅡ.短语
1．concentrate...________ 集中……于……
2．________ coincidence 巧合地
3．a great ________ 大量
4．break away ________ 挣脱；脱离；背离
5．scores ________许多；大量
6．________ the other hand 另一方面
答案：1.on 2.by 3.deal 4.from 5.of 6.onⅢ.课文导读
1)根据课文内容完成下列时间流程图。答案：1.religious 2.humanistic 3.perspective 4.oil paints 5.Impressionism 6.light 7.shadow 8.abstract 9.realistic2)Read the text carefully and then do the following exercises.
1．What themes did the main aim of painters represent during the Middle Ages?
A．Nature. B．People.
C．Religious. D．Perspective.
答案：C2．It can be inferred from the text that classical Roman and Greek ideas were ________.
A．imaginary B．perspective
C．impressionistic D．realistic
答案：D3．Which of the following statements about the Impressionism is TRUE?
A．Painting became an easy task because it was less detailed.
B．Painters focused more on light and color than detail.
C．Painters moved from the countryside to Paris and worked outdoors.
D．Painters had to paint quickly because of the high pace of the industrial society.
答案：B4．Which of the following are the styles of paintings about Modern Art?
A．Abstract and realistic.
B．Abstract and natural.
C．Religious and natural.
D．People and objects.
答案：A
1．faith (n.)
1)[U]～(in sb/sth) 信任；相信；信心
①He has great talent, but he has lost his faith.
他很有天赋，但是他已经丧失了信心。
②I haven't much faith in this medicine.
我对这种药没有多大信心。2)[U & sing.] 宗教信仰
①People of every faith attended the mayor's funeral.
信仰不同宗教的人士出席了市长的葬礼。
②My religious faith has seen me through my grief.
我的宗教信仰已帮助我克服了极度的悲痛。
【知识拓展】
1)have faith in相信， 信任
We have faith in ourselves, and faith in our principles.
我们对自己有信心，对我们的政策有信心。
2)break keep/faith with sb 对某人(不)守信用；(不)忠诚于某人
I kept faith with him.
我信守了对他的诺言。3)lose faith in失去对……的信念； 不再信任……
He told us not to lose faith in ourselves.
他让我们不要对自己失去信心。
4)put faith in相信， 信任
He always puts his faith in the future.
他对未来总是抱有信心。5)shake one's faith动摇某人的信心
Her faith has been shaken by this new evidence.
这一新证据动摇了她的信心。
6)in good faith 真诚；诚心诚意
When I recommended Simon for the job, I did it in good faith. I didn't realize that he had been in trouble with the police.
当初推荐西蒙做这份工作的时候，我是出于好心。我不知道他曾犯过案。
【词语辨析】
faith, belief, confidence, trust
这些名词都有“相信，信任”之意。
1)faith语气较强，指“认为有确凿证据或道理而完全相信”。通常指充满感情的信任。
I have faith in his ability to succeed.
我相信他有成功的能力。
2)belief普通用词，指主观上的相信，不着重这种相信是否有根据。
He has great belief in his doctor.
他对那位医生无比信赖。3)confidence淡化了感情，指“在有证据的基础上，对某人某事有充分信心，断定不会使人失望，因而给予信任”。也常指“自信”、“有把握”。
She has great confidence in her success.
她对自己的成功充满信心。
4)trust指“信赖”、“信任”，含有“坚定的信念”的意思。强调相信、信任的完全可靠。
The new President said he would try to justify the trust the electorate had placed in him.
新总统说他将尽力证明选民们所给予他的信任。【知识运用】
采用faith, belief, confidence或trust的适当形式填空：
①My father hadn't much________in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
②A good marriage is based on________.
③He ought not to break________with her.
④He lacks________in himself.答案：①belief本题题意：我父亲不太相信中医。
②trust本题题意：美满的婚姻是建立在互相信任的基础上的。
③faith本题题意：他不应对她失信。
④confidence本题题意：他缺少自信。
2．aim
1)n.
(1)[C] 目的；目标
What's your aim in life?
你的人生目的是什么？
(2)[U] 瞄准
Take careful aim(at the target)before firing.
开火之前仔细瞄准(目标)。2)v.
(1)～(at doing sth)|～(at/for sth)|～ to do sth 力求达到；力争做到
They are aiming to reduce unemployment by 50%.
他们正力求使失业人数下降50%。
(2)(be aimed at) 目的是；旨在
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。(3)～(sth)(at sb/sth)|～(for sb/sth) 瞄准；对准
He aimed(his gun)at the target, fired and missed it.
他(用枪)瞄准目标开火， 却未打中。
(4)～sth at sb 针对；对象是
My remarks were not aimed at you.
我的话不是针对你的。
【知识拓展】
1)take aim(at)瞄准
The hunter aimed at the lion and fired.
猎人瞄准了狮子开火。
2)with the aim/purpose of 为了……
She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
她去伦敦是为了找工作。
3)aim high 胸怀大志； 力争上游
He has always aimed high.
他总是心气很高。【词语辨析】
aim, goal, purpose, target, object
这些名词均有“目标；目的”之意。
1)aim本义从“靶子”引申而来，侧重比较具体而明确的目标，但常指短期目标。
It is now our aim to set up a factory.
我们现在的目的是创办一座工厂。2)goal指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。
The company has set itself some high production goals for this year.
公司今年定下很高的生产指标。
3)purpose普通用词，既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的，又指心中渴望要实现的目标。
Getting rich seems to be her only purpose in life.
她生活的唯一目的似乎是发财。
4)target指射击的靶，军事攻击目标。引申义指被攻击、批评或嘲笑的目标。
His proposal became the target of criticism.
他的建议成了批评的目标。
5)object强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。
His one object/purpose in life is to earn as much money as possible.
他生活的目标就是尽可能多挣钱。【知识运用】
(1)This anti-smoking campaign is mainly aimed________young teenagers.
A．at B．in
C．on D．for
答案：A 本题题意：这场反吸烟运动主要是针对青少年的。be aimed at 表示“以……为目标；旨在……；针对……”。(2)When the smart hunter found________aim in the distance, he took________aim at it immediately.
A．a; a B．a; /
C．an; / D．an; an
答案：C 本题题意：发现远处的目标后，那位聪明的猎人立即瞄准了目标。aim表示“目标”，为可数名词，在第一次提到而非特指某人或某物的单数可数名词前面必须采用不定冠词a/an。动词短语take aim at表示“瞄准”。3．typical (adj.)
1)～(of sb/sth) 典型的；有代表性的
This painting is typical of his early work.
这幅画是他早期的代表作。
2)一贯的；平常的
A typical working day for me begins at 7?30.
我的工作日一般在7?30开始。
3)～(of sb/sth) 不出所料；特有的
It was typical of her to forget.
她这个人就是爱忘事。【知识运用】
(1)(2008江西－33) Jack is late again. It is________of him to keep others waiting.
A．normal B．ordinary
C．common D．typical
答案：D 本题题意：杰克又迟到了。他这个人就是爱让别人等他。typical表示“不出所料；特有的”。(2)It is typical________him to forget to bring a present.
A．of B．for
C．on D．with
答案：A 本题题意：忘记带礼物来正是他的特点。typical 表示“不出所料；特有的”，与介词of连用。4．adopt(v.)
1)收养；领养
There are many people eager to adopt a baby.
许多人想要收养婴儿。
2)采用(某方法)；采取(某态度)
All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.
三个队处理这个问题的方式各不相同。
3)正式通过；表决采纳(建议、政策等)
After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion.
总经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。【知识拓展】
1)adopted (adj.) 收养的；领养的
He's not our natural son; we adopted him when he was three.
他不是我们的亲儿子——他三岁时我们领养的。
2)adoptive (adj.) 收养的；有收养关系的
He was brought up by adoptive parents in London.
他由家住伦敦的养父母抚养大。【知识运用】
(1)Paul's mother had him________because she couldn't look after him herself.
A．adopted B．adoptive
C．adjusted D．adapted
答案：A 本题题意：保罗的母亲因为自己无力抚养他， 便将他送给别人收养了。have sb adopted 表示“将某人交与……收养”。(2)(2008上海春－41) The story of the homeless orphan has________sympathy from the public.
A．aroused B．attracted
C．defended D．adopted
答案：A 本题题意：这个无家可归的孤儿的故事引起了公众的同情。arouse表示“激起、引起(感情、态度)”。5．possess (v.)
1)有；拥有
He never possessed much money, but he always possessed good friends.
他从来就没有多少钱，但他一直有一些好朋友。
2)具有(特质)
Does he possess the necessary patience and tact to do the job well?
他有做好这项工作必备的耐性和应变能力吗？3)(感觉、情绪等)攫住；支配；控制
She seemed to be possessed by the devil.
她好像着了魔似的。
4)(用于否定句或疑问句)使言语失常
What possessed him to say such a thing?
他着了什么魔，竟说出这种话来？ 【知识知展】
1)be possessed by /with 被(鬼怪、思想等)缠住；迷住
She was possessed by the desire to be rich.
她被致富的欲望所支配。
2)be possessed of 拥有；占有；具有；享有
She is possessed of a wonderfully calm temperament.
她性情非常文静。
3)possess sb of sth使某人有/拥有某物； 使某人熟悉某事
He is said to possess a fortune of more than two thousand million dollars.
据说他的财产价值超过20亿美元。4)possess oneself of 取得；获得；把……占为已有
She possessed herself of the unclaimed goods.
她把那些没人认领的货物占为己有。【词语辨析】
possess, hold, own, keep, enjoy
这些动词均有“有，具有，持有”之意。
1)possess较正式，指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配，强调其归属；也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。
I'm afraid that he doesn't possess a sense of humor.
恐怕他没有什么幽默感。2)hold指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等，暗示不让别人拿走或占有。
Mr. Jones holds an important position at work.
琼斯先生在工作上据有重要职位。
3)own不及possess正式，多指所属关系，强调所有权，不管所属物是否在物主手中。
Who owns this house?
谁拥有这座房子？ 4)keep指长时间地保有，保存某物，防止别人占去，强调安全和感情上的依附。
We received a tempting offer for the house but decided to keep it.
我们得到一个很有诱惑力的开价，但还是决定不卖这座房子。
5)enjoy指享有某种权利或长处，带有欣赏或喜爱的情感。
Men and women should enjoy equal rights.
男女应当享有平等权利。【知识运用】
(1)He is possessed________the idea that he is being followed.
A．with B．of
C．for D．on
答案：A 本题题意：他老是觉得有人跟踪他。be possessed by/with表示“被(鬼怪、思想等)缠住；迷住”。(2)What________you to do that?
A．demanded B．kept
C．possessed D．made
答案：C 本题题意：是什么驱使你做出那种事的？ possess表示“(用于否定句或疑问句)使言语失常”。(3)采用possess, hold, keep或enjoy的适当形式填空：
①They are entitled to________many advantages and privileges.
②She was a blue-eyed blonde, ________ of graceful manners.
③She________the world record for the long jump.
④Please________the watch for me while I go swimming.
⑤She has now________the post of Prime Minister longer than anyone else this century.
⑥The country________rich mineral deposits.答案：
①enjoy 译文：他们有资格享有许多优惠和特权。
②possessed 译文：她是一位蓝眼睛的金发女郎，举止很优雅。
③holds/keeps 译文：她保持着跳远世界纪录。
④keep 译文：我去游泳，请代我保管这表。
⑤held 译文：她现在当首相任期之长在本世纪是前所未有的。
⑥possesses 译文：这个国家拥有丰富矿藏。6．coincidence (n.)
1)[C &U](令人吃惊的)巧合，巧事
①That's the most incredible coincidence I've ever heard of!
那是我听说过的最难以置信的巧合！
②It was a coincidence that he was born on his mother's birthday.
他在他母亲生日那天出生，真是巧事。
2)[U](意见等的)相同，相符，一致①Is there any coincidence between his opinions and your own?
他的意见与你自己的意见有没有一致之处？
②There remains the question of the coincidence of social and economic interests.
社会利益与经济利益是否一致的问题仍存在。【知识拓展】
by coincidence碰巧，由于巧合
①By coincidence, we arrived here at the same time.
我们凑巧一同到达这儿。
②She and I both arrived at the same time by pure coincidence.
我和她同时到达纯属巧合。【知识运用】
(1)It can't a(n)________that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.
A．coincidence B．accident
C．incident D．chance
答案：A 本题题意：四家珠宝店在同一天晚上遭到抢窃，这并非偶然。coincidence表示“(令人吃惊的)巧合，巧事”。(2)________a strange coincidence we happened to be travelling on the same train.
A．On B．In
C．By D．For
答案：C 本题题意：巧得出奇， 我们正好坐同一列火车。coincidence表示“(令人吃惊的)巧合，巧事”，常常和介词by连用。7．shadow (n.)
1)[C] 阴影；影子
①The shadows of the trees grew longer as the afternoon went on.
随着下午时光的延续，树影会越来越长。
②The shadow of a greater economic crisis loom large in most of the developed countries in the world.
一场更大的经济危机的阴影笼罩着世界上大多数发达国家。2)[U& pl.] 昏暗处；背光处；阴暗处
①Her face was in deep shadow.
她的脸部在一片很暗的阴影中。
②I thought I saw a figure standing in the shadows.
我好像看见阴暗处站着一个人。
3)[sing.]～(of sth)(坏)影响
①The new leader wants to escape from the shadow of his predecessor.
新任领导想要摆脱前任的影响。
②These people have been living for years under the shadow of fear.
这些人多年来一直生活在恐怖的阴影中。【知识拓展】
1)in the shadow/shadows 在阴暗处
I could just make out a figure in the shadows.
我只能隐约辨认出暗处有一个人影。
2)in/under the shadow of
(1)在……的附近；与……很接近
The new market is in the shadow of the City Hall.
新市场紧挨着市政厅。(2)被﹙某人的光彩﹚所掩盖；在……的盛名之下
Most of her childhood had been spent in the shadow of her elder sister.
她童年的大部分时间都生活在姐姐的光环之下。
3)cast/make/produce/throw shadows on/upon投下影子；形成影子
The tree casts a shadow on the ground.
树的影子映在地上。
【词语辨析】
shadow, shade
这两个名词均有“荫，荫凉处”之意。
1)shadow常指光线被物体挡住所产生的阴影，影子，有明显的轮廓。
The candles on the table threw huge flickering shadows against the wall.
桌子上的蜡烛在墙上投下巨大的跳动的影子。2)shade指阳光被遮挡后出现的荫凉处，如树荫等，无一定的轮廓或边界。
Keep in the shade; it's cooler.
你就在阴凉处呆着吧，那儿比较凉快。
图解shadow, shade：
在本质上，shadow指一个平面，shade指一个立体空间。
【知识运用】
采用shadow或shade的适当形式填空：
①Store the bottle of medicine in the________.
②He walked along in the________hoping no one would recognize him.
③So dark are the________that a man standing there could not be seen.
④The new player really puts the rest of the team in the________.答案：
①shade 译文：把这瓶药放在阴凉处。
②shadow/shadows 译文：他走在暗处， 希望没有人认出他来。
③shadows 译文：阴影很暗， 人站在里面不会被看见。
④shade 译文：这位新选手确实令其他队员黯然失色。(put sb/sth in the shade 使某人/某事物相形失色)8．attempt
1)(v.)～sth|～to do sth 努力；尝试；试图
①He attempted the exam but failed.
他试图通过考试， 但失败了。
②He attempted to get in touch with them but without success.
他试图和他们联系， 但未成功。2)n.
(1)[C & U]～(to do sth)|～(at sth/at doing sth) 企图；试图；尝试
①She has made no attempt to contact her mother.
她没有尝试和母亲取得联系。
②He made an attempt at a joke/at joking.
他试图说笑话。
(2)[C]～(on sth)(为超越某事物的)尝试，努力
①After repeated attempts they finally succeeded.
经过反复尝试， 他们终于成功了。
②He made an attempt on the world record.
他试图打破世界纪录。【知识拓展】
attempted (adj.) (犯罪等)未遂的
①The attempted bank robbery took place at 9 this morning.
这个未遂的银行抢案发生在今天上午9点。
②He was charged with attempted robbery.
他被控以意图抢劫罪。【词语辨析】
attempt, try
这两个动词均含有“试图，努力，力图”之意。
1)attempt较正式用词，侧重已经开始，且希望完成，但常隐含着不一定有预期的结果。
They are attempting(to climb)the steepest part of the mountain.
他们努力攀登这座山的最陡的部分。
2)try普通用词，可与attempt换用，但强调努力或尝试，后跟不定式表示努力或争取；后跟动名词表示尝试。
If you can't do it the first time, try again.
要是你第一次做不成， 就再试一下。【知识运用】
(1)A man is being questioned in relation to the________murder last night.
A．advised B．attended
C．attempted D．admitted
答案：C 本题题意：与昨晚未遂谋杀案有关的一位男子正在接受讯问。attempted表示 “未遂的”。(2)The boys________to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
A．attended B．attempted
C．managed D．endured
答案：B 本题题意：男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。attempt表示“努力；尝试；试图”，后接名词或不定式(短语)担任宾语，侧重已经开始，且希望完成，但常隐含着不一定有预期的结果。 9．predict (v.) 预言；预告；预报
①The weather forecast predicts sunshine for tomorrow.
天气预报预测明天天晴。
②I predicted their getting into trouble.
我料到他们会倒霉。
③They predicted/It was predicted that there would be an earthquake.
他们预言会有地震。④We can predict from this information what is likely to happen next.
我们可以从这一信息中预言接下来可能发生什么事。
⑤It is impossible to predict who will win.
要预测出谁将获胜是不可能的。
⑥I cannot predict when to meet her again.
我无法预测什么时候会再见到她。【词语辨析】
predict, foresee, forecast, foretell
这些动词均含“预言；预示；预告”之意。
1)predict正式用词，通常用于人。指根据事实或自然规律进行推断后作出预告，隐含有科学的准确性。
She predicted that the improvement would continue.
她预测情况将继续好转。2)foresee指提前、预先料到将要发生的事或指对未发生的事情形成一种概念或判断。
He foresaw that his journey would be delayed by bad weather.
他预知自己的旅程会被恶劣天气耽搁。
3)forecast指对未来事件的预报、推测或设想，侧重最终可能出现的结果。
Such events may forecast war.
这类事件可能是战争的预兆。4)foretell一般的通俗用语，往往指根据客观因素做出的预告，强调预先要发生的事。
She could foretell what his reaction would be.
她能预先说出他会有什么反应。
【知识运用】
(1)According to the weather________it will rain tomorrow.
A．forecast B．foretell
C．predict D．foresee
答案：A 本题题意：天气预报说明天有雨。the weather forecast表示“天气预报”，为固定表达。(2)It is not possible to________with any certainty what effect this will have.
A．prohibit B．postpone
C．predict D．preserve
答案：C 本题题意：要准确地预言这会有什么影响是不可能的。predict表示“预言；预告；预报”。
1．a great/good deal 大量
①I have learned a great deal from you.
我向你学到了许多东西。
②It has rained a great deal recently.
最近雨水很多。【知识拓展】
1)a great deal of＋(不可数名词)许多；大量
We've put a great deal of time and effort into this project.
我们为这一项目付出了大量的时间和精力。
2)a large amount of ＋(不可数名词)大量
A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.
每年都要花费大量金钱在广告上。3)a large number of＋(可数名词复数)许多，若干
A large number of books have been stolen from the library.
图书馆遗失了很多书。
4)a large quantity of/quantities of＋(可数名词复数或不可数名词)大量，许多
Police found a large quantity of illegal drugs.
警察查获了大量的非法毒品。5)masses of/a mass of＋(可数名词复数或不可数名词)大量的
There were masses of dark clouds in the sky.
天上有朵朵乌云。
6)a great /good many 许多；大量
He made a great many mistakes.
他犯了许多的错误。
【知识运用】
(1)(2008安徽－21) The two girls are getting on very well and share________with each other.
A．little B．much
C．some D．none
答案：B 本题题意：这两位女孩相处融洽，她们无话不谈。much用作代词，表示“许多；大量”。例如：“Did you pay much for that old bicycle？” “No, not much.” “你买这辆旧自行车花了好多钱吗？”“没有，没花多少。”(2)(2008陕西－12) He doesn't have________furniture in his room——just an old desk.
A．any B．many
C．some D．much
答案：D 本题题意：他的房间里没有多少家具——只有一张旧书桌。furniture表示“(可移动的)家具”，为不可数名词。much用于否定句，表示“不多”。而any用于否定句，则表示完全否定。例如：I didn't eat any meat.我一点儿肉都没吃。(3)(2006浙江－15) We always keep________spare paper, in case we ran out.
A．too much B．a number of
C．plenty of D．a good many答案：C 本题题意：我们的备用纸张总是很充足，以防纸张耗尽。plenty of sth表示“大量的；众多的；充足的”，其后既可以接可数名词的复数形式，也可以接不可数名词。例如：There's plenty of room for everyone inside. 里面有的是地方，大家都可以进来。too much表示“太多的；过多地”，含有“超过必要的意思”；例如：She spends too much time(in)dressing herself. 她用太多的时间装扮自己。a number of 和a good many只能跟可数名词的复数形式连用；例如：I have a good many/a number of things to do today. 我今天有很多事要做。(4)(2006辽宁－23)I hear________boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball.
A．quite a lot B．quite a few
C．quite a bit D．quite a little
答案：B 本题题意：我听说在你们学校，虽然部分男孩子比较喜欢打篮球，但相当多的男孩喜欢闲暇时候踢足球。quite a few表示“相当多，不少”，后接可数名词的复数。(5)The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took________pictures of them.
A．many of B．masses of
C．the number of D．a large amount of
答案：B 本题题意：身着美丽的服装，这些年青的舞蹈演员看起来非常迷人，我们为她们拍了大量的照片。masses of表示“大量的”；其后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。
(6)I don't know________about politics.
A．a good many B．a great deal
C．a few D．too much
答案：B 本题题意：我不太懂政治。a great/good deal表示“大量”，在句中担任状语，表示程度。(7)I've had________disappointments in my time.
A．too much B．a large amount of
C．a great deal of D．a good many
答案：D 本题题意：我一生中经历了许多令人失望的事。a great/good many表示“许多；大量”，后接可数名词的复数形式。2．lead to
1)导致；造成(结果)
①This will lead to great trouble.
这将导致极大的麻烦。
②Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.
过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。
2)通向；通往
①The path leads to the village.
这条小路通到那个村庄。
②Where does this road lead to?
这路通向哪里？【知识拓展】
1)result in导致；造成……结果
①The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.
这场事故造成两名乘客死亡。
②The flood resulted in a considerable reduction in production.
这次水灾造成相当大的减产。2)result from由……引起；由……产生
①Success results from hard work.
成功来自于努力工作。
②His illness resulted from bad food.
他的病是由于吃了变质的食物引起的。
3)bring about 产生；导致；促成
①The accident was brought about by John's carelessness.
这场事故是由于约翰的粗心造成的。
②The heavy spring rains brought about the flood.
特大的春雨造成了这场水灾。4)bring on使发展；导致(通常指坏事)
①The sudden cold weather brought on his fever again.
因天气骤冷， 他发起烧来。
②The rain helped to bring on the crops.
这场雨有助于农作物的生长。【知识运用】
(1)(2007浙江－11)We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only________violence.
A．runs into B．comes from
C．leads to D．begins with
答案：C 本题题意：我们坚信战争解决不了任何问题。它只会引发暴力问题。lead to表示“导致，造成(后果)”。(2)This kind of discussion will certainly________still greater differences between the two parties.
A．lead to B．run into
C．result from D．bring into
答案：A 本题题意：这样的讨论，必将导致双方更大的分歧。lead to表示“导致，造成(后果)”。3．break away(from)
1)突然挣脱；逃脱
The prisoner broke away from his guards.
犯人挣脱了看守。
2)脱离；背叛(政党、国家等，尤指再组建新的)
The people of the province wished to break away and form a new state.
该省人民希望分离成立一个新国家。3)(尤指赛跑)抢跑；甩掉
She broke away from the pack and opened up a two second lead.
她甩掉其他参赛者，以两秒领先。
【知识运用】
(1)We must________convention(常规)and adopt as many advanced techniques as possible.
A．hold back from B．keep out of
C．break away from D．get rid of
答案：C 本题题意：我们必须打破常规，尽量采用先进技术。break away from表示“放弃；解除”。(2)采用适当的介词或副词填空：
①Fighting broke________in the prison cells.
②The meeting broke________at eleven o'clock.
③Our car broke________on the motorway.
④At last, those physicians and specialists broke________in their fight against heart disease.
⑤Don't break______when your teacher is speaking.
⑥As the President's car drew up, the crowd broke________loud applaud.
⑦Fortunately, he broke________from the lawless group years ago.答案：①out 译文：牢房里发生斗殴。
②up 译文：会议在十一点钟散会。
③down 译文：我们的汽车在高速公路上抛锚了。
④through 译文：那些内科医生和专家们终于在同心脏病的斗争中取得了突破。
⑤in 译文：当你的老师说话的时候不要插嘴。
⑥into 译文：总统的坐车停下时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。
⑦away 译文：幸亏他在数年前就脱离了那个非法集团。4．on the other hand (可是)另一方面
①Father and mother wanted to go for a ride, and on the other hand，the children wanted to stay home and play with their friends.
父母想开车出去兜风，而孩子们却想在家里与朋友们一道玩。
②I am very willing，but he, on the other hand，is reluctant.
我很愿意，他却不愿意。
③Bert is extremely intelligent；on the other hand, he is a very lazy student and therefore gets low grades.
彼尔特非常聪明，可他是个懒学生，因此他成绩不高。【知识拓展】
on the one hand...on the other(hand)常引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等，译作“一方面……，另一方面……”。for one thing用以引出两个以上的理由之一，表示“一来；一方面”，常常与for another(thing)或besides相呼应，表示“一则……，再则……”；此外，for one thing陈述两方面的情况一致。例如：①I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying.
我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留下来学习。
②On the one hand, they'd love to have kids but on the other, they don't want to give up freedom.
一方面，他们想要孩子，但另一方面，他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。③For one thing, people now enjoy a higher standard of living.
第一，现在人们的生活水平提高了。
④For one thing, I haven't any money; for another/and for another I'm too busy.
一则我没钱， 再则我太忙。
【知识运用】
(1)(2006浙江－11) I would like a job which pays more, but________I enjoy the work I'm doing at the moment.
A．in other words B．on the other hand
C．for one thing D．as a matter of fact
答案：B 本题题意：我想找一份薪水更高的工作，但另一方面， 我也很喜欢目前的这份工作。on the other hand表示“另一方面”，不但含有转折含义，而且包含上下文对比的含义。(2)The teacher said，“You get a low mark because，________，you did not do your homework.”
A．What's more B．for one thing
C．on the other hand D．After all
答案：B 本题题意：老师说：“你的分数很低，其原因之一是因为你没有做作业。”for one thing 用以引出两个以上的理由之一，表示“一来；一方面”。
1．They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.
他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。
【知识剖析】
as they really were为连词as 引导的方式状语从句，as相当于in the way(that), 表示“照……的方式”。例如：①Do as I say and sit down.
照我说的， 坐下。
②Leave the table as it is.
那桌子就那样吧(不要动上面的东西)。
③Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to?
你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢？
④The trousers are rather long, but I'll take them just as they are.
这条裤子有点儿长，但我还是要了吧。【知识拓展】
1)方式状语从句通常是由 as, (in) the way(that)或as if/though引导。
①You ought to do as Paul tells you.
你应按照保罗吩咐的做。
②The work is not so difficult as you imagine.
这工作不像你想像的那么困难。
③She spoke to me as if she knew me.
她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。④She treats him as if he were a stranger.
她待他如陌生人。
⑤She's behaving(in)the same way that her elder sister used to.
她的举止和她姐姐过去一模一样。
⑥This steak is cooked just the way I like it.
这牛排正是按照我喜欢的那样做的。
2)as作为连词的其它用法：
(1)(引导时间状语从句)当……时；随着
As the sun rose the fog disappeared.
太阳一出来，雾随之消失。
(2)(引导原因状语从句)因为；由于
We didn't know what to do as we were just visiting there.
我们不知道该怎么办，因为当时我们仅仅在那里作访问。 (3)(引导让步状语从句)
Tired as he was, he sat up late.
他虽然疲倦，可仍然很晚才睡。
(4)(引导比较状语从句)和……一样的；相同的；同样的
I love you as much as she(does)．
我和她一样爱你。3)as作为关系代词的用法：
(1)(与such, the same, as等连用，引导定语从句) 表示“与……相同的事物(或人)”。
①He has earned as much money as I have.
他赚的钱和我赚的一样多。
②She felt just the same as he did.
她和他的感受相同。
③There is a general rise in prices such as occurred in the late 60's.
物价普遍上涨，跟六十年代末一样。 (2)(引导非限制性定语从句，对前述内容作补充)表示“正如，如同；本情况，该事实”。
①She has married again, as was expected.
她已再婚，这是意料中的事。
②We are tired, as anyone can see.
我们累了，这是有目共睹的。【知识运用】
(1)Living________I do so remote from town, I rarely have visitors.
A．so B．as
C．if D．while
答案：B 本题题意：像我住得离城镇这么远，所以罕有访客。as引导方式状语从句 (2)They rushed in________we were discussing problems.
A．when B．while
C．as D．until
答案：B 本题题意：当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动作必须采用延续性动词，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，常译为“与……同时，在……期间”。侧重于主句动作和从句动作相对比，但含有“一个动作在另一个动作或状态发生的过程中发生”的意思。例如：He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他做着做着功课就睡着了。(3)________he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.
A．When B．As
C．While D．After
答案：B 本题题意：他年纪越来越大， 除了喜欢园艺以外， 对一切都失去了兴趣。as引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词多采用延续性动词，偶尔也可用于瞬间性动作。多用于主句和从句动作同时发生，含有“一边……，一边……”的含义。(4)He was working at the table________I went in.
A．when B．as
C．while D．after
答案：A 本题题意：当我进去的时候，他正在桌旁工作。when所引导的时间状语从句可以采用延续性动词，也可以采用瞬间性动词。可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。 (5)________it was getting dark, we soon turned back.
A．As B．With
C．For D．While
答案：A 本题题意：因为天色逐渐变暗，我们不久就回去了。as引导原因状语从句。
(6)Young________he was, it is not strange that he should have acted so foolishly.
A．while B．when
C．as D．although
答案：C 本题题意：因为他年轻，难怪他举动会那样愚蠢。as引导让步状语从句。(7)The origin of universities________we know them is commonly traced back to the twelfth century.
A．till B．as
C．which D．before
答案：B 本题题意：据我们所知，大学之最早兴办一般可追溯到十二世纪。as作为关系代词，引导定语从句。2．One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective.
在此期间，最主要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。【知识剖析】
how to draw things in perspective属于“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中担任了表语。疑问代词who, what, which 或疑问副词when, where, how, why, whether(不包含if)和不定式连用，构成一种不定式的复合结构。这种结构在句中可以担任主语、宾语、表语等成分，用作宾语较多，尤其是用在动词ask, consider, discuss, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see(＝understand), show＋宾语， tell, think, understand, want to know, wonder 等后面。例如：①He discovered how to open the safe.
他发现了打开保险柜的方法。
②I found out where to buy fruit cheaply.
我找到了买便宜水果的地方。
③When to hold the meeting has not decided yet.
何时举行会议还没有决定下来。
④My question was how to get so many books?
我的问题是怎样得到这么多书？【知识运用】
(1)(2010辽宁－34) —It's no use having ideas only.
—Don't worry. Peter can show you ________ to turn an idea into an act.
A. how B. who
C. what D. where
答案：A 本题题意：“光有想法没用。” “不用担心，皮特可以教你如何把想法付诸行动。” 在及物动词tell, advise, show, teach, learn, decide等之后，常接“疑问词＋不定式”结构担任宾语。句意和“方式”有关，选用how.(2)I've worked with children before, so I know what________in my new job.
A．expected B．to expect
C．to be expecting D．expects
答案：B 本题题意：我有辅导孩子的经验，因此我知道孩子们对我的新工作有什么样的期待。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作动词know的宾语；注意：在本结构中，不定式均采用一般式，不能采用进行式或被动式。 (3)There're so many kinds of tape-recorder on sale that I can't make up my mind________to buy.
A．what B．which
C．how D．where
答案：B 本题题意：磁带录音机的种类如此繁多，以至于我无法决定买哪一款。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中担任make up one's mind的宾语。当限定选择范围时，用which不用what. (4)When and where to build the new factory________yet.
A．is not decided B．are not decided
C．has not decided D．have not decided
答案：A 本题题意：何时何地建造新工厂没有决定下来。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作主语，由于概念一致，谓语动词用单数。谓语部分采用has not been decided也可以。(5)Last summer I took a course on________.
A．how to make dresses
B．how dresses be made
C．how to be made dresses
D．how dresses to be made
答案：A 本题题意：去年夏天，我学习了一门服装制作课程。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作介词on的宾语。 3．The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors.
印象派画家是第一批室外写景的艺术家。【知识剖析】
不定式短语to work outdoors担任后置定语，修饰the first painters。不定式可用于 the first, the second等如此类推及 the last, the only之后，有时也可用于最高级之后。例如：
①He loves parties; he is always the first to come and the last to leave.
他喜欢参加社交聚会，总是头一个来，最后一个走。
②He is the best man to do the job.
他是这份工作的最佳人选。【知识拓展】
不定式担任定语的其他用法：
1)不定式及其短语作定语与所修饰的名词在逻辑上存在主谓关系。
She was the only one to survive the crash.
她是这次事故中唯一的幸存者。
2)不定式及其短语作定语与所修饰的名词在逻辑上存在动宾关系。
The new play to be put on tonight will be very interesting.
今晚要上演的新剧将十分有趣。3)作定语的不定式如果由不及物动词转化而成，必须加上相应的介词。
They need a garden to play in.
他们需要有一个可供玩耍的花园。
4)作定语的不定式如果与其所修饰的名词或代词之间存在逻辑上的“动宾”关系，其逻辑主语是句子的主语时，采用主动形式表被动含义。
I've got an essay to write.
我有一篇作文要写。5)部分名词后常跟不定式作定语，此类词常见的有：need，right，chance，movement，courage，force，reason，effort，drive，determination，decision，wish等。
Their offer to rebuild the town was not taken seriously.
他们重新修建城镇的提议没有得到重视。【知识运用】
(1)(2010山东－23) I have a lot of readings ________ before the end of this term.
A. completing B. to complete
C. completed D. being completed
答案：B 本题题意：我有许多阅读材料需要在学期结束前读完。不定式短语to complete担任后置定语，修饰名词readings，表示“将来”时间概念。时间状语before the end of this term起到了暗示作用。(2)(2010上海秋－40) That is the only way we can imagine ________ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
A. reducing B. to reduce
C. reduced D. reduce
答案：B 本题题意：这是我们可以想到的唯一能够减少学生卫生间过度用水的方法。不定式短语to reduce the overuse of water in students' bathrooms担任后置定语，与定语从句 (that) we can imagine共同修饰名词the way. (3)(2007全国1－25) —The last one________pays the meal.
—Agreed!
A．arrived B．arrives
C．to arrive D．arriving
答案：C 本题题意：“最后来的一个人买单。”“同意！”本题考查不定式(短语)作后置定语，相当于定语从句 who is to arrive.注意，名词或代词前有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能采用不定式(短语)担任后置定语。课件65张PPT。Ⅰ.词汇
1．Her ________ (娇弱的) health needs great care.
2．Mr. Lee is a well-known ________ (学者)in ancient Chinese history.
3．Severe ________ (过敏的) reactions may accompany administration of the drug.
4．The ________ (展览会) will be opened as soon as everything is in order.
5．He has been losing f________ ever since the death of his wife.6．She says she'll come, but I can't make it clear to a s________ time.
7．A square is a f________ with four equal sides and four right angles.
8．She put a b________ of flowers by the edge of the table.
答案：1.delicate 2.scholar 3.allergic 4.exhibition 5.flesh 6.specific 7.figure 8.bunchⅡ.短语
1．on exhibition ________
2．specific examples ________
3．be allergic to ________
4．一串/束 ________
5．活着的，本人________
6．好像________
答案：1.在展览；在展出 2.特例 3.对……过敏 4.a bunch of 5.in the flesh 6.as if/thoughⅢ.填空
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．If there ________ (be) time, I could give you a much better plan.
2．I wish she ________ (be) here with us to enjoy the country.
3．It is suggested that you ________ (attend) the opening ceremony.
4．It may make him come towards me and I would rather he ________ (stay) away from me.5．When she came in from the rainstorm, she looked as if she ________ (take) a shower with her clothes on.
答案：1.were 2.were 3.(should) attend 4.stayed 5.had taken
1．specific (adj.)
1)明确的；具体的
The trouble with Bill was that he never had a specific aim in life.
比尔的问题是他从未有过明确的人生目标。2)特定的
The money is to be used for one specific purpose: the building of the new theatre.
这笔钱有专门用途： 就是建造新剧院。
3)～to sth 特有的；独特的
The lessons you are presented with are specific to you.
你所要学习的内容是专门为你量身定制的。
【词语辨析】
specific, special, especial, particular
这些形容词均含“特殊的；特别的”之意。
1)specific着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定的属性，也可指专门提出作特别考虑的事物。
They also conserve the culture and inheritance specific to their country's civilization.
他们也保护本国文明所特有的文化和遗产。2)special普通用词，指不同于一般、与众不同，着重事物的专门性，突出与一般不同。
The best students are awarded special scholarships.
最好的学生将授予特殊奖学金。
3)especial和special含义很接近，较正式，但侧重有特殊的意义或重要性。
Your birthday is an especial/special day for you.
你的生日是你的一个特殊的日子。
4)particular侧重不同于普遍性的个性或特殊性。
Is there any particular colour you would prefer?
你有什么特别喜欢的颜色吗？【知识运用】
采用specific, special, especial或particular填空：
①We haven't fixed a/an________date for our meeting.
②He has a/an________car because he cannot walk.
③This is a/an________day in the history of our country.
④I'm not________about my clothes; I don't mind what I wear.
⑤Her________way of smiling left a good impression on me.⑥There was nothing in the letter of________importance.
⑦This disease is________to this area.
⑧She was quite________about the type she wanted.
⑨There are so many books here. Why do you like that one in________？
⑩They will also be building new roads and a/an________railway-line.答案：① specific 译文：我们会议的具体日期还没有定下来。
②special 译文：他有一辆专车，因为他不能走路。
③special/especial 译文：今天是我国历史上一个特殊的日子。
④particular 译文：我不怎么讲究我的衣服，我不在乎我穿什么。
⑤particular 译文：她特有的微笑给我留下了美好的印象。
⑥particular/especial 译文：这封信里没什么特别重要的内容。⑦specific 译文：这种疾病只发生在这一地区。
⑧specific 译文：对自己想要哪种类型她十分明确。
⑨particular/especial 译文：这里有这么多书，你为什么特别喜欢那一本？
⑩special 译文：他们还打算修建一些新的公路和一条专用铁路线。2．figure (n.)
1)[C, often pl.] (代表数量，尤指官方资料中的)数字
This figure increases to 72 percent during summer vacation.
到了暑假，这个数字上升到72%。
2)[C] 人物；人士
He was once a leading figure in the community, but now he has become a figure of fun.
他原是该社区的头面人物， 但现在成了人们取笑的对象。3)[C](远处人的)轮廓；(隐约可见的)人影
I made out three figures moving in the distance.
我隐约看出远处有三个人影在移动。
4)[C] 身材；体形；(尤指)身段
She's still got a lovely figure.
她的身材仍很秀美。
5)[C](绘画或故事中的)人；动物
The central figure in the painting is the artist's daughter.
画中间的那个人是画家的女儿。6)[C](书中的)图；表
The figure on page 22 shows a political map of Africa.
第22页的插图是非洲的政区图。
图解figure的一词多义：【知识拓展】
1)figure sb/sth out
(1)弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
I couldn't figure out who the lady with the sunglasses was.
我想不出那位戴墨镜的夫人是谁。
(2)计算出(金额或成本)
Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
旅行要花多少费用你算出来没有？2)figure on sth|figure on(sb/sth)doing sth 计划，打算；预料到
①If you figure on success，you stand a better chance of winning.
如果你想成功，你就有了取胜的较大可能。
②Don't figure on the weather being fine for your garden party.
不要指望花园聚会有好天气。
【词语辨析】
figure, shape, outline, form
这些名词均有“形式”或“外形”之意。
1)figure指轮廓；外形；尤指体态，相貌或身体。同时表示内部构造与外形。
I'm dieting to keep my figure.
我正在节食以保持身材不变。2)shape通常指由线和面所围成的外观上的形，侧重立体形状。shape与figure 相近，但强烈表示内部是实体。
Shape is the primary way we recognize what an object is.
形状是我们辨识物体的最主要方式。
3)outline指任何形状的轮廓线。强调由线条或轮廓所表示的外形。
She could see only the outline(s)of the trees in the dim light.
朦胧中她只看见树木的轮廓。4)form最普通用词，含义广，既可指客观物体的外形，又可用于抽象概念的“形”。form是相对于一个物体本质而言的某物的外形和构造，侧重与内容或颜色有区别的外形、形状。
Churches are often built in the form of a cross.
教堂常常建成十字形。【知识运用】
(1)(2008湖北－27) The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to________its reality.
A．make up B．figure out
C．look through D．put off
答案：B 本题题意：目前的形势非常复杂，我认为需要一段时间才能搞清楚真实的情况。figure sb/sth out表示“弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白”。(2)We must be practical and________the cost________we make a decision.
A．turn out; before B．work out; before
C．figure out; until D．come out; until
答案：B 本题题意：我们应该实事求是地先把费用算出来， 然后再做决定。work out和figure out都可以表示“计算出”；例如：Have you figured out/worked out how much the holiday will cost？你算出假期得花多少钱了吗？ before引导时间状语从句，表示“(指时间)在……以前”；例如：Do it before you forget. 趁早动手， 免得忘了。(3)采用figure, shape, outline或 form的适当形式填空：
①Ice, snow and steam are different______of water.
②He drew the________of a house on the paper.
③These dresses come in all________and sizes.
④She has an attractive________.
⑤A square is a________with four equal sides and four right angles.答案：
①forms 译文：冰、雪、蒸汽是水不同的形态。
②outline 译文：他把房子的轮廓画在纸上。
③shapes 译文：这些女装有各种式样与尺寸。
④figure 译文：她有迷人的曲线。
⑤figure 译文：正方形是具有四个等边和四个直角的图形。3．allergic (adj.)
1)～(to sth)(对……)变态反应的，变应的，过敏的
I like cats but unfortunately I'm allergic to them.
我喜欢猫，但遗憾的是我对猫过敏。
2)～to sth对……十分反感；厌恶
You could see he was allergic to housework.
你可以看出他很讨厌做家务。【知识拓展】
sensitive (adj.)
1)～(about/to sth)易生气的；易被惹怒的；神经过敏的
He is sensitive about his failure.
人家一提他的失败他就生气。
2)须谨慎对待的；敏感的
This is such an sensitive issue that perhaps the press should not be told.
这是一个非常敏感的问题，恐怕不应该告诉新闻界。3)～(to sth)敏感的；过敏的
This tooth is sensitive to cold.
这颗牙对冷过敏。
4)～(to sth) 灵敏的
We didn't have a receiver sensitive enough to pick up the signal.
我们的接收器不够灵敏，未能收到这个信号。【知识运用】
(1)The elderly need special care in winter, as they are______to the sudden change of weather.
A．sensitive B．sensible
C．flexible D．positive
答案：A 本题题意：老年人在冬季需要特别的照料， 因为他们对天气的突然变化很敏感。sensitive (to sth)表示“敏感的；过敏的”。(2)(2007湖北－30) Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a________environment.
A．peaceful B．sensitive
C．common D．stable
答案：D 本题题意：水能够吸收或释放出大量热量却引不起大的温差变化，因此建立了一种稳定的环境。 stable表示“稳定的；稳固的；牢固的”。(3)He's allergic________having his picture taken.
A．on B．to
C．for D．with
答案：B 本题题意：他极讨厌照相。be allergic to sth 表示“对……十分反感；厌恶”。
in the flesh 活生生的；亲自；本人
①I have corresponded with him for some years, but I have never met him in the flesh.
我已和他通信联系好几年了，但一直未与他本人见过面。
②It is quite a thrill to see a real movie star in the flesh.
看见电影明星本人是一件令人十分兴奋的事。③Bertha could hardly realize that her husband was by her side in the flesh, alive and well.
伯莎几乎还没有真正感到她丈夫还好好活着，站在她身边。
【知识运用】
(1)I've seen her perform on television, but never______.
A．in the flesh B．in a flash
C．in a rush D．in the air
答案：A 本题题意：我在电视上看过她的表演，但从未见过她本人。in the flesh表示“亲自；本人；活生生的”。(2)I didn't get the number of the car that knocked you over. It was gone________. All I know is that it's a big, brown car.
A．in the flesh B．in a flash
C．in a rush D．in the air
答案：B 本题题意：我没有记下撞倒你的那辆汽车的车牌号码，它一下子就开走了，我只知道那是一辆棕色的大轿车。in/like a flash表示“转瞬间；立即”。(3)I found the work being done________.
A．in the flesh B．in a flash
C．in a rush D．in the air
答案：C 本题题意：我发现这件作品正仓促地被完成。in a rush表示“匆忙地”。
(4)Excitement was________.
A．in the flesh B．in a flash
C．in a rush D．in the air
答案：D 本题题意：到处充满了兴奋之情。in the air表示“在传播中；流行；可感觉到；在空中”。虚拟语气(1)
Ⅰ.基本用法：
1．与现在事实相反的假设
if从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词采用should/would/could/might＋动词原形。
①If I had time, I would certainly join you in the tennis match.
我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。
②If I were you, I would put her suggestion into account.
我要是你，我会考虑她的建议的。2．与过去事实相反的假设
if从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句的谓语动词采用should/would/could/might ＋have＋过去分词。
①If I hadn't been caught by something, I would have come to your party yesterday.
我昨天要不是被些事缠住了，我就会去参加你们的聚会了。
②If he had taken my advice, he might not have made such a bad mistake.
要是他听进了我的劝告就不会犯这么严重的错误了。 3．表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想
if从句中的谓语动词主要采用三种形式：一般过去时，were＋不定式，或should＋动词原形，还可以见到采用过去进行时的情况；主句的谓语动词采用should/would/could/might＋动词原形。
①If I should have a chance to try it, I would do it in another way.
要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。
②Even if they were to fail, they wouldn't lose courage.
即使他们万一失败了，他们也不会泄气。Ⅱ.拓展用法：
1．混合型虚拟条件句
在虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致，此时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式。
①If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。
②If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。2．用倒装句表示非真实条件
如果条件状语从句的谓语动词中含有were, had或should, 可以省略连词if, 把were, had或should 放在主语前构成倒装。如果条件状语从句是否定形式，倒装时只能把not放在主语的后面，不能用缩写形式而把not一起放到主语之前。①Should there be a flood, what should we do?
万一发生了水灾，我们该怎么办呢？
②Were it not for their assistance, we would be in serious difficulty.
要是没有他们的帮助，我们会陷入困境。
③Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早十分钟到达车站的话，你早就赶上火车了。
3．含蓄条件句
①without, with, but for, under等介词引导的短语表示假设。
Without music, the world would be a dull place.
如果没有音乐，这个世界将变成一个沉闷的地方。
②连词or, otherwise, but, however, but that等表示某种假设。
We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we should have been late.
我们打的去机场。要不然的话我们说不定就迟到了。③分词短语， 独立主格结构或不定式短语表示虚拟条件。
You would have laughed to see him jump aside.
你要是看到他跳到一边的样子会大笑起来。
4．由上下文的交代而省略了if引导的条件状语从句
在这种情况下，上下文事实上就是一个表示违背事实的条件句。上下文如果是由一个句子介绍的，那么这个取代了if条件状语从句的句子应该用直陈语气；而起主句作用的句子则要用虚拟语气。
①He would have come to see you earlier but he just came back from his business trip.
他本来早就来看你了，可他却出差刚刚回来。
②But that you helped me, I would have failed in the experiment.
要没有你帮助我，我的试验本做不成功的。 语法专练
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．(2010天津－15)John went to the hospital alone. If he ________ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells
C. told D. had told
答案：D 本题题意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我这件事的话，我会跟他一起去的。本题考查“虚拟语气”的用法。表达与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句采用过去完成时。2. (2010浙江－10) Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ________.
A. would have been saved
B. had been saved
C. will be saved
D. was saved
答案：A 本题题意：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。本题考查“虚拟语气”的用法。表达与过去事实相反的假设，主句的谓语部分采用“should/would/could/might＋ have ＋过去分词”形式。 3. (2010陕西－15) If we ________ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take B. had taken
C. took D. have taken
答案：B 本题题意：如果我们走了另外一条路，我们就可能及时赶上开会了。本题考查虚拟语气的用法。表达与过去事实相反的假设，if从句采用过去完成时。4. (2010湖南－29) If he ________ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow
C. had followed D. would follow
答案：C 本题题意：如果他听从了我的建议就不会失去工作了。本题考查虚拟语气的用法。表达与过去事实相反的假设，if从句采用过去完成时。5．(2009福建－35)But for the help of my English teacher, I________the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A．would not win B．would not have won
C．would win D．would have won
答案：B 本题题意：要不是英语老师的帮忙，我就不会在这次英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。表示与过去事实相反的假设，句子的谓语部分采用“would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词”结构。6．(2009天津－15)This printer is of good quality. If it________break down with the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．would B．should
C．could D．might
答案：B 本题题意：这台打印机质量不错，如果在第一年内出现故障，我们将免费予以维修。表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假设，if从句的谓语部分可以采用“should＋动词原形”。7．(2008山东－24) Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don't think we________it without you.
A．can manage B．could have managed
C．could manage D．can have managed
答案：B 本题题意：对你上周的辛勤工作道声辛苦。如果没有你，我们就不可能完成任务。本题考查“虚拟语气”的用法。在“虚拟语气”结构中，without, with, but for, under等介词引导的短语表示假设。此外，根据时间状语last week可以判断本句表达一个与“过去”相反的假设。
8．(2008江西－26) What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he________better.
A．need have done B．must have done
C．can have done D．might have done答案：D 本题题意：真可惜！考虑到他的能力和经验，他本来能够做得更好。might/could have done除了具有推测功能外，还可以用于肯定句，表示过去本来可能发生而实际未完成的行为，常常含有批评、责备、埋怨之意，但语气比较委婉。实际上是虚拟语气的一种表示方法。例如： Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she might have said something she would regret later. 昨天，简没有讨论完就走开了。否则，她会说一些后来会感到后悔的话。
9．(2006湖北－31)________fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A．Would you be B．Should you be
C．Could you be D．Might you be
答案：B 本题题意：如果您被解雇了，您的健康保险以及其他方面的福利不会立即被取消。本题考查虚拟语气倒装现象。在if引导的非真实条件中，如果从句中含有助动词、情态动词、be或have，我们可以把连词if 省去，并将should, were, had提到主语之前，构成倒装。10．It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I________in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox library in my hometown.
A．wouldn't have fallen B．had not fallen
C．should fall D．were to fall
答案：B 本题题意：若非七岁时我就迷恋上了家乡的梅林达·考克斯图书馆，很难想象今天我会做什么。表达与过去事实相反的一个假设，采用虚拟语气结构，状语从句的谓语部分采用过去完成时，主句谓语部分采用“would/could/might/should＋have＋过去分词”。11．It________be difficult to discover the truth about Iraq War if people refused to consider anything that might be true.
A．would B．can
C．need D．should
答案：A 本题题意：如果人们拒绝考虑任何可能真实的一件事，将很难发现伊拉克战争的真相。本题考查虚拟语气的用法。根据if从句的谓语动词refused可知，采用一般过去时表达了“对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想”，所以主句的谓语部分采用would＋动词原形。12．If I had come to school yesterday, I________how to work out the maths problem now.
A．would have know B．would be known
C．would know D．will know
答案：C 本题题意：如果我昨天到校的话，现在就知道如何解答这道数学题了。本题考查“混合型虚拟条件句”的用法。13．—Did you visit the famous museum?
—No. We________it, but we spent too much time shopping.
A．could have visited B．must have visited
C．can't have visited D．shouldn't have visited
答案：A 本题题意：“您参观那家著名的博物馆了吗？”“没有。我们本来可以参观那家博物馆的，但购物时花费了过多的时间”。could have done表示“本来可能发生但由于某种原因而没有发生的行为”属于虚拟语气的表示方法。14．Zhang Lin was addicted to computer games during his last year in high school, otherwise he________a student of Beijing University.
A．would have been B．should be
C．has been D．has been
答案：A 本题题意：张林高三时沉溺于电脑游戏，否则他早就成了北大的学生了。本题考查含蓄条件的用法。连词or, otherwise, but, however, but that等表示某种假设，相当于if引导的一个非真实条件句，所以主句采用虚拟语气结构。15．If the car________break down on the way, you would have to walk back.
A．shall B．should
C．will D．would
答案：B 本题题意：万一汽车中途抛锚，你就得走回来。should表示语气较强的假设，译作“万一；竟然”。根据主句的谓语部分would have to walk back可以判断本句采用了虚拟语气结构，表达了对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想，所以if从句的谓语部分可以采用“should＋do”结构。课件57张PPT。Ⅰ.词汇
1．________ (vt.) 雕刻；刻记→________ (n.) 雕刻师→________ (n.)雕刻品
2．________ (n.)展览；陈列→________ (v.) 展出；陈列
3．________ (n.) 学者→________(n.)奖学金；学识
4．________ (n.) 喜爱；偏爱→________ (vt.) 较喜欢；宁可
5．________ (n.) 署名；签字→________ (v.)签字
6．a ________ (adj.) angry, and behaving in a threatening way; ready to attack7．b________(n.) a number of things of the same type which are growing or fastened together
8．p________ (adj.) lasting for a long time or for all time in the future
9．c________ (adj.) belonging to the same time
10．a________ (v.) to make a serious and urgent request答案：1.carve; carver; carving 2.exhibition; exhibit 3.scholar; scholarship 4.preference; prefer 5.signature； sign 6.aggressive 7.bunch 8.permanent 9．Contemporary 10.appealⅡ.短语
1．________ the flesh 活着的；本人
2．a bunch ________ flowers 一束鲜花
3．have a preference ________ 特别喜欢
4．be ________ worth a visit 很值得一看
5．appeal ________ 对……有吸引力
6．________ two years 每两年
答案：1.in 2.of 3.for 4.well 5.to 6.every1．avenue (n.)
1)(城镇的)大街
The avenues of the area were crowded with visitors.
这个地区的大街上挤满了参观的人群。
2)林阴道(尤指通往大住宅者)
The avenue was almost empty; the evening air was sweet and clear.
路上几乎空无一人，夜晚的空气清馨爽人。
3)选择；途径；手段
They explored every avenue but could not find a solution.
他们探索过各种途径，但是没有找到解决的办法。【词语辨析】
avenue, path, road, way, street, highway, motorway, route, lane, pavement
这些名词均有“路”之意。
1)avenue在美国，指城市中一侧或两侧建筑物林立的大道或马路；而在英国则常指通住乡村大住宅、私人大庄园或两旁栽树的道路。
The avenue was lined with trees.
大街两旁种了树。2)path多指由人或动物在田间、小丘或树丛中经常走动而踩出的小路，也指公园或花园等供人走的小径。
They walked along the path through the woods.
他们沿着林间小路走去。
3)road指连接两地间供行人或车辆使用的广阔平坦的大道，多指公路，也可用于引申意义。
It is safer to walk on the pavement/sidewalk than on the road.
在人行道上行走要比在马路上行走安全。4)way普通用词，含义广泛，可指各种路、道或通道，也可指抽象的道路。
Which way do you usually go to town?
你进城一般走哪条路线？
5)street尤指城市中的道路，往往一侧或两侧有高大建筑物；还可指城市小镇、近郊可供人、车行走的平坦道路。
I live on the same street as Peter.
我和彼得住在同一条街上。6)highway通常指市区外可以通行各种机动车辆的交通干线。
That highway crosses the entire country.
那条公路贯穿整个国家。
7)motorway/freeway/expressway高速公路；特指为车辆快速通行而修的专线。
A four-lane expressway runs straight to the capital.
一条四车道的高速公路直通首都。8)route指从此处通往彼处的路线、路程等。
The house is not on a bus route.
这房子不在公交车上。
9)lane指农村或城镇的小道或小径，还可以指小巷，车道或跑道。
A carriage drove down the muddy lane.
一辆马车沿着泥泞的小路行驶。
10)pavement/sidewalk多指街道两旁的人行道。
She slipped and almost fell on the icy sidewalk.
她滑了一下，几乎跌倒在结冰的人行道上。【知识运用】
(1)(2010上海－25) Sean has formed the habit of jogging ________ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.
A.between B. along
C. below D. with
答案：B 本题题意：肖恩养成了每天沿林荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯。along表示“沿着； 顺着”。(2)采用avenue, path, road, way, street, highway, motorway, route, lane或 pavement的适当形式填空：
①The________follows the river and then goes through the woods.
②Books are________to knowledge.
③Can you show me the________to the Post Office?
④And then turn left at the second set of traffic lights into Orchard________.
⑤This is the shortest________from Boston to New York.⑥The world champion is in________four.
⑦Don't ride your bicycle on the________.
⑧One________lane was closed because of a bad smash near the exit.
⑨He was charged with obstructing the________.
答案：
① path 译文：这条小径与河并排，而后穿过林子。
② avenues 译文：书是通向知识的道路。
③ way 译文：你能否告诉我去邮局的路？
④ Street 译文：然后在第二个红绿灯向左拐，进入果园街。
⑤ route 译文：这是从波士顿到纽约的最短路线。
⑥ lane 译文：那个世界冠军在第四跑道。
⑦ pavement/sidewalk 译文：不要在人行道上骑自行车。⑧ expressway/motorway/freeway 译文：高速公路的一个单向行车线被封闭了，因为出口附近发生了一 次严重的撞车事故。
⑨highway 译文：他因阻碍公路交通而受控告。2．preference (n.)
1)[U& sing.]～(for sb/sth) 偏爱；爱好；喜爱
①Parents should not show preference for any one of their children.
父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。
②A polar bear has a preference for cold weather.
北极熊喜欢寒冷的天气。2)[C] 偏爱的事物；最喜欢的东西
①I don't know your preferences, so please help yourself.
我不知道你喜欢吃什么，请你自便吧。
②There is tea and coffee——have you a preference?
有茶和咖啡，你喜欢什么？
【知识拓展】
1)give(a)preference to sb/sth 给……以优惠；优待
In considering people for jobs, we give preference to those with some experience.
对于求职者，我们优先考虑有一定经验的人。
2)in preference to sb/sth 而不是
I'd choose the small car in preference to the larger one.
我宁可选择那辆小的汽车而不要那辆大的。【知识运用】
(1)Sometimes it's difficult for a teacher not to show________for an especially clever child.
A．favour B．appreciation
C．preference D．enjoyment
答案：C 本题题意：有时不让教师对超常的孩子表示偏爱是很难的。preference表示“偏爱；爱好；喜爱”。(2)She tried not to show preference________her treatment of the children in her care.
A．for B．in
C．with D．on
答案：B 本题题意：她对待她所照顾的孩子尽可能不厚此薄彼。in表示“在……方面”。
1．appeal to
1)有吸引力；有感染力；引起兴趣
Does this piece of music appeal to you?
你喜欢这首乐曲吗？
2)呼吁；吁请；恳求
The government appealed to the people for support.
政府呼吁人们给予支持。3)上诉；申诉
She appealed to a higher court.
她向上级法院上诉。
4)启发；劝说；打动
By appealing to his better nature, we persuaded him to change his mind.
我们唤醒了他的良知， 劝他改变了主意。【知识运用】
(1)(2010安徽－23)—How did you like Nick's performance last night?
—To be honest, his singing didn't ________ to me much.
A. appeal B. belong
C. refer D. occur
答案：A 本题题意：“你觉得昨晚尼克的表演如何” “老实说，我不太喜欢他的演唱。”appeal to 表示“有感染力；有吸引力”。(2)The programme “Super Girl” On Hunan TV________especially to young people.
A．tends B．prefers
C．appeals D．devotes
答案：C 本题题意：湖南卫视的超级女生节目尤其对年轻人具有吸引力。appeal to sb表示“对……有吸引力(或感染力)”。2．lie in
1)集中于；在于；存在于
①The chief difficulty lies in finding a good opportunity.
主要困难在于找到一个好时机。
②All their hopes lie in him.
他们把一切希望都寄托在他身上。2)睡懒觉；起得晚
①You ought to lie in tomorrow and catch up on your sleep.
你明天应当晚起，把你所缺的觉补上。
②She never lies in, even on Sunday mornings.
她从不睡懒觉，即使星期天早上也如此。
【知识运用】
(1)The future of agriculture will eventually ________ bioengineering and other highly advanced technologies.
A．leads to B．results in
C．results from D．lies in
答案：D 本题题意：将来农业问题的出路，最终要由生物工程来解决，要靠尖端技术。lie in表示“集中于；在于；存在于”。(2)It's so nice at the weekends to have a chance to lie________.
A．down B．in
C．back D．low
答案：B 本题题意：在周末有机会睡懒觉真是太好了。lie in表示“睡懒觉；起得晚”。3．be fond of
1)～(doing)sth喜爱(尤指长期喜爱的事物)
He was fond of drawing when he was a child.
他还是个孩子时就喜欢画画。
2)～(doing)sth喜欢(做令人不快的事)
Kate is very fond of telling other people what to do.
凯特好对别人指手画脚。3)～sb 喜爱(尤指认识已久的人)
He makes a great show of being fond of her in front of other people but he's only toying with her really.
在别人面前，他竭力装出喜欢她的样子，但实际上，他不过是在玩弄她罢了。
【知识运用】
(1)(2006上海－25) More and more young people are fond________playing tennis nowadays.
A．on B．to
C．in D．of
答案：D 本题题意：现在越来越多的年轻人喜欢打网球。be fond of(doing)sth表示“喜爱(尤指长期喜爱的事物)”。(2)My roommates are very________on bridge cards among other things.
A．keen B．fond
C．eager D．sharp
答案：A 本题题意：我同房间的人，除了喜欢其他活动外，还喜欢玩桥牌。be keen on sb/sth/on doing sth 表示“喜爱；对…着迷；有兴趣”。
1．Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collections to the American people.
亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子，家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。【知识剖析】
leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people为现在分词短语，在句中担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。例如：
①He fired, wounding one of the bandits.
他开了枪，打伤了其中一个匪徒。
②I fell，striking my head against the door and cutting it.
我摔了个跟头，头撞在了门上，划了个口子。③I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids.
我用粘胶带缠在树干底部，使蚂蚁爬不到蚜虫那儿。
【知识拓展】
不定式在句中担任结果状语，表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果，其前可加only, but或never来加强语气。例如：
①I awoke to find my truck gone.
我醒来发现箱子不见了。
②He hurried home only to find his money stolen.
他匆忙赶到家中，发现钱被盗了。【知识运用】
(1)(2010天津－12) It rained heavily in the south, ________ serious flooding in several provinces.
A. caused B. having caused
C. causing D. to cause
答案：C 本题题意：南方雨下得很大，几个省份都发生了洪涝灾害。本题考查现在分词短语担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。(2)(2010重庆－30) The news shocked the public, ________ to great concern about students' safety at school.
A. having led B. led
C. leading D. to lead
答案：C 本题题意：这个消息使公众震惊，引发了人们对学生在校安全的高度关注。本题考查现在分词短语担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。 (3)(2009上海－31)A small plane crashed into a hill side five miles east of the city，________all four people on board.
A．killed B．killing
C．kills D．to kill
答案：B 本题题意：一架小型飞机撞到这座城市以东5英里的一个山坡上，机上的4人全部死亡。表示一个自然而然的结果，采用现在分词短语。(4)(2007天津－6) The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，________ the natural light in during the day.
A．to let B．letting
C．let D．having let
答案：B 本题题意：玻璃门代替了木门，在白天让自然光进来。现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果。如果选用to let担任目的状语，应去掉前面的逗号。(5)(2006陕西－18) He hurried to the booking office only________that all the tickets had been sold out.
A．to tell B．to be told
C．telling D．told
答案：B 本题题意：他匆忙赶到售票处，结果被告知所有的票都已经卖完了。不定式常常与副词never, only连用，表示一个意想不到的结果。(6)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，________a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4.
A．have reached B．reaching
C．to reach D．to be reaching
答案：B 本题题意：自年初以来，石油价格已经上涨了32%，四月份达到创纪录的每桶57.65美元。现在分词作结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。2．The museum displays more than just the visual delights of arts.
这家博物馆展出的不只是可以看得见的艺术之美。
【知识剖析】
more than后接名词，或名词性从句表示“不只是……；不仅仅……；非但……尤其……”。例如：
①He is more than a friend to me.
他对我不只是一个朋友。
②My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.
我到北京的旅行不仅仅是观光而已。③The stars are something more than huge inert masses; they are machines in action, generating and emitting the radiation by which we see them.
星星不只是某种巨大的惰性物质，它们是运动着的机器，产生和放出我们借以看见它们的光。
【知识拓展1】
1)more than的其它用法：
①(修饰数词)(＝over) 多于；大于；超过
This city has a population of more than 1,000,000.
这个城市人口超过一百万。
②(后接形容词，表示被修饰的形容词的强烈程度)非常；十分；不仅仅
He was more than upset by the accident.
他为此事故深感不安。③(后接副词或分词)简直；十分；不止……
The girl was more than slightly hurt.
这女孩伤得可不轻。
④(后接动词)十分；绰绰有余；大大地；几乎
It was a moonless night，but the brilliant stars more than made up for the want of moonshine.
晚来无月，但繁星点点，皎洁明亮，足补月亮之缺而有余。⑤(修饰句子，起到加强语气或程度的作用) 十分；几乎
The beauty of the west lake is more than I can describe.
西湖之美我难以描述。
2)more...than
①与其说……不如说……；是……而不是……
He is more diligent than clever.
与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋。②比……更(多)
He has made much more progress this year than(he did)last year.
他今年取得的进步比去年大。
【知识运用】
(1)(2009浙江－10)It took ________ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains, too.
A．other than B．more than
C．rather than D．less than
答案：B 本题题意：建造这些节能房屋不仅仅需要建材，还需要智慧。more than表示“不只是……；不仅仅是……”。(2)(2008上海春－28) Those who have________money than sense may sometimes act foolishly.
A．much B．more
C．most D．many
答案：B 本题题意：那些钱多而失去理性的人有时候会做出傻事。本题考查more...than...结构的用法。(3)(2007福建－34)—Do you need any help, Lucy?
—Yes, The job is________I could do myself.
A．less than B．more than
C．no more than D．not more than
答案：B 本题题意：“露西，需要帮助吗？”“是的，这项工作是我远非所能做到的。”“More than/more...than...＋含can的分句”表示否定，意思是“超出某人力量、知识等的范围”。例如：The beauty of our city is more than I can describe. 我难以用言语描绘我们城市的美。(4)Lizzie was________to see her friend off at the airport.
A．a little more than sad
B．more than a little sad
C．sad more than a little
D．a little more sad than
答案：B 本题题意：丽滋在机场为朋友送行时有点悲伤。more than 表示“不仅仅是，不只是”；a little 修饰形容词sad. (5)Americans eat________vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A．more than twice
B．as twice as many
C．twice as many as
D．more than twice as many
答案：D 本题题意：美国现在人均蔬菜食用量是1910年的两倍还多。本题考查“倍数＋as much/many＋名词＋as”结构。more than twice表示“两倍多”。(6)We advertised for pupils last autumn, and got______60.
A．more than B．more of
C．as much as D．so much as
答案：A 本题题意：去年秋天我们发布了招生广告，结果招收了60多人。more than与数词连用，表示“多于；大于；超过”。
