课件25张PPT。1．attack v.
1)进攻；攻击
At dawn the army attacked the town.
军队在拂晓时向这座城镇发动了攻击。
2)抨击；批评
There is a newspaper article attacking the England football coach.
报纸上有一篇抨击英格兰足球队教练的文章。
3)侵袭；伤害
The disease attacked his bones.
疾病已侵袭到了他的骨骼。知识拓展
attacker n. 攻击者；进攻者
be attacked with(a disease) 患(病)；得(病)
make an attack on/upon 攻击；向……进攻高考直击
(2009·山东)So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．did the attack B．the attack did
C．was the attack D．the attack was
解析：本题考查倒装，so..that..，such..that..的句子结构中，若so, such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，主句部分倒装，又因为sudden是形容词，作表语，需要将系动词提前，所以选C。
答案：C即学即用
If you were________in the street, would you be able to defend yourself?
A．destroyed B．attacked
C．advised D．killed
答案：B2．frightening adj. 吓人的；令人恐惧的
Last night I heard a frightening sound.
昨晚我听到了可怕的声音。
知识拓展
1)frightened adj. (人)感到害怕的；恐惧的
①The little girl was frightened by the big dog.
那个小女子被这条大狗吓坏了。
②I am frightened of snakes.
我害怕蛇。
2)frighten vt. 使恐惧；使害怕
The dog frightened the cat away.
那只狗把那只猫吓跑了。3)即学即用
He________the old lady________signing the paper.
A．frighten; into
B．frightened; to
C．frightened; into
D．frightened; of
答案：C3．exist vi. 存在；有；生存；生活
Does life exist on Mars?
火星上有生命吗？
exist in 存在于
exist on... 靠……活下去；靠……生存
①The idea exists only in the minds of poets.
这种想法是只有诗人才会有的。
②Salt exists mostly in sea water.
盐分主要存在于海水中。知识拓展
existence n. 存在；生活；生活
come into existence 开始存在；形成；成立
in existence 存在；现存
a struggle for existence 生存竞争
即学即用
The Roman Empire________for several centuries.
A．exists B．existed
C．was existed D．was existing
答案：B4．sharp
1)adj. 锋利的；尖的；突然的；敏锐的；强烈的；急剧的；清晰的
a sharp knife 锋利的刀
a sharp voice 尖声
a sharp turn 急转弯
sharp hearing 敏锐的听觉
a sharp wind 刺骨的寒风
a sharp pain 剧痛
a sharp outline 清晰的轮廓2)adv. (某时刻)整；急剧；猛然
Turn sharp left here.
在这儿向左急转弯。
即学即用
(2009·成都模拟)The meeting starts at 3 o'clock________； don't be late!
A．sharp B．shape
C．sharpen D．shaped
答案：A close to
1)(在空间或时间上)接近
Our house is close to the park.
我们的房子离公园很近。
2)几乎(处于某种状态)；可能(快要做某事)
①He was close to tears.
他几乎快要掉眼泪了。
②We are close to signing the agreement.
我们可能很快就要签订协议。知识拓展
1)get close to 接近
Tell the children not to get close to fire.
告诉孩子们不要靠近火源。
2)be close to sb. 与……关系亲密；在……附近
She is very close to her father.
＝She and her father are very close.
她和父亲的关系很亲密。
3)live close to 住在……附近
We live close to the church/close by the church.
我们住在教堂附近。4)keep a close eye/watch on sb./sth. 密切注视；严密监视
Over the next few months we'll keep a close watch on sale.
在今后的几个月里我们将密切关注销售情况。辨析：close与closely
close意思是“近的”；closely意思是“仔细地”。close多修饰介词短语；closely多修饰过去分词。
①He is sitting close to me.
他就坐在我边上。
②Watch him closely.
盯着他。
③The two events are closely connected.
两起事件之间有密切的联系。高考直击
(2007·湖北)If the firms failed to make enough money, they would________.
A．close down B．call off
C．turn down D．set off
解析：根据句意“如果公司不能赚足够的钱，他们就会倒闭”。close down“公司关门；停业”；call off“取消”；turn down“拒绝”；set off“出发”。
答案：A即学即用
It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood________to her mother.
A．close B．closely
C．closed D．closing
答案：A课件50张PPT。1．claim v.
1)(根据权利)要求；认领；索赔
①Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident?
你的车子出事之后，你要求领保险金了吗？
②I claimed the coat that the teacher found.
我认领了老师找到的外套。2)声称；自称；主张
①He clamied that he hadn't done it, but I didn't believe him.
他声称没有做这件事，可是我不相信他。
②Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.
渔夫和水手有时声称看到过海里的怪物。
n.
1)(依据权利的)要求
They made a claim for higher pay.
他提出了更高报酬的要求。2)权利
The poor have a claim to our sympathy.
穷人值得我们同情。
3)声明；声称
The government's claim that the war was necessary was clearly mistaken.
政府声称战争是必然的，这说法显然是错误的。
4)索赔
The insurance company cannot meet such enormous claims.
保险公司不能支付如此巨额的赔款。知识拓展
claimable adj. 可要求的；可索赔的
claimee n. 被索赔人
claimer n. 索赔者；申请者
have a claim on/to 有对……的要求权
raise a claim 提出(所有权的)要求
make a claim to 认为……是属于自己的
make a claim for 对(赔偿等)提出要求即学即用
(1)Many people claimed________flying saucers.
A．seeing B．having seen
C．to have seen D．to see
(2)Every citizen in a democratic country may________the protection of the law.
A．declare B．claim
C．ask D．announce
答案：(1)C (2)B2．calm adj. 平静的
The high wind passed and the sea was calm again.
大风过后，大海又恢复了风平浪静。
比较级：calmer；最高级：calmest
辨析：calm, quiet, silent与still
calm指物体不激烈运动，多用于天气、海洋等；亦指人的思想、情绪稳定，不受感情或激情的干扰，强调镇静。
quiet主要指相对地没有明显的吵闹或骚乱的一种静的状态；用于人时，指人性情温和、文静，但也指人的悠闲。silent指没有影响，如人的沉默不语或环境的寂静；指人时强调沉默。
still指寂然不动，鸦雀无声，完全没有声响。多用于描绘景物，亦可指人或动物。强调静止。即学即用
He did what he could________the girl.
A．calm B．to calm
C．calmed D．calming
答案：B3．action n. 行动；行为
take action 采取行动
Action speaks louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
bring into action 使行动起来
go into action 行动起来
in action 在运转；在战斗中即学即用
He insisted that the situation is got good and we________.
A．must take action
B．take action
C．taking action
D．took action
答案：B4．cover v.
1)vt. 占据；覆盖；走完；看完；报道；涉及
①The big garden covers an area of more than 100 mu.
这个大花园占地一百多亩。
②The mountain is covered with snow all the year around.
山上终年被雪覆盖。
③The review covered everything we learned last term.
这次复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。④She covered 1 000 metres in less than 4 minutes.
她在不到4分钟的时间内走了1 000米。
⑤He was sent to Greece to cover the Olympics.
他被派往希腊报道奥运会的情况。
2)n. 遮盖物；盖子；罩子；(图书、杂志的)封面
We have protected the bike with a plastic waterproof cover.
我们已经用塑料防水蓬保护好了那辆自行车。知识拓展
be covered with 盖满；覆盖；充满(羞愧，慌乱等)
cover up 完全盖住；盖好
from cover to cover 从头到尾一页不漏
under cover 在遮蔽处；附在信中；秘密地；暗中
under the cover of 在……的掩护下；打着……的幌子高考直击
(2009·山东)—Do you have enough to________all your daily expenses?
—Oh yes, enough and to spare.
A．cover B．spend
C．fill D．offer
解析：本题考查词义辨析。cover此处为动词，意为“(钱)足够的”。
答案：A即学即用
The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________the desert.
A．covering B．covered
C．cover D．to cover
答案：A5．dive v.
1)下潜；潜入；跳水
He dived from the bridge and rescued the drowning child.
他从桥上跳到水里，救起了那个快要溺死的小孩。
2)跳入；冲进；窜进
①The eagle dived down on the rabbit.
那只雄鹰向免子猛扑了下来。
②The goalie dived for the ball, but missed it.
守门员一个鱼跃向球扑去，可是没有扑到。3)突然下降；暴跌
The share price dived from 49p to an all-time low of 40p.
股价从49便士暴跌到40便士的历史最低位。
知识拓展
make a dive for 向……冲去
take a dive 突然下降；(市价)暴跌
dive in (头朝下)跳进水里；开始吃；猛吃
dive into 跳入；钻进；冲进；钻研；埋头于即学即用
The moment the tiger saw the fox, he made a dive________it.
A．to B．at
C．for D．in
答案：C6．deep adj. 深的；深厚的
She showed deep feelings for her own country.
她对祖国表现出深厚的感情。
adv. 深深地
We often work deep into the night.
我们经常工作到深夜。
知识拓展
deep与deeply
两词都用作副词时，deep用本义“深”，deeply用引申义“深深地”。即学即用
He worked very hard until________into the night.
A．deeply B．deep
C．lately D．later
答案：B1．be likely to 很可能
He is likely to be the best poet here.
他很可能是这儿最好的诗人。
1)反义短语：be unlikely to 不可能2)likely是以-ly结尾的形容词，其他常见的以-ly结尾的形容词：
daily(每日的；日常的)；weekly(每星期的；一周的)；
monthly(每月的)；yearly(每年的)；early(早的)；
friendly(友好的)；deadly(致命的)；lovely(可爱的)；
lonely(孤独的)；lively(活泼的)；
brotherly(兄弟般的)；sisterly(姐妹般的)；silly(傻的)；
ugly(丑陋的)；elderly(上年纪的)；oily(多油的)
高考直击
(2010·陕西卷，22)Studies show that people are more________to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A．likely B．possible
C．probable D．sure
解析：句意：研究表明如果人们长时间坐在电脑屏幕前，他们更可能遭受一些背部问题。A、B、C三个选项中只有likely 的主语可以是人；而D项sure 不符合句意。
答案：A即学即用
He is________to won the match.
A．likely B．probable
C．possible D．possibly
答案：A2．be similar to 与……类似/相似
His problem is similar to yours.
他的问题和你的相似。知识拓展
1)similar意为“相像的”；“类似的”；无比较级，可作前置定语。表示“某物与另一物相似”，similar后接介词to；表示在“某方面相似”，similar后用介词in。
2)similar与like, same的意思比较接近。但也有较明显的差别。
like作形容词时，意思是指人或物相似到难以区分的地步。
same指同一个人或物，也指在性质等方面完全相同的不同事物。
similar指相似但不完全一致。3)similar的名词是similarity，作不可数名词时，意为“相似性”“类似性”，后常接介词between, in, to，with。similarity作可数名词时，意为“类似处”；“相似事例”。即学即用
Plants and trees need water to grow, ________(相似地), friendships need our heart and passion to develop.
答案：similarly1．The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.
据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。
1)Meng Fanying作the director of a local tourist office的同位语，指同一个人；said后面是宾语从句，从句的主语是the monster，谓语是was ten metres from the edge of the lake。during the most recent sighting在从句中充当状语；which引导定语从句，修饰monster，which在定语从句中作主语。2)seem link-v. 好像；似乎；仿佛
知识拓展
1)后跟形容词或名词作表语
He seems a soldier.
他好像是一个士兵。
2)后跟不定式
You seem to have caught a cold. You should go to see a doctor.
你好像感冒了，应该去看医生。
3)用于It seems that/as if...句型中
It seems that he is telling lies.
他好像在说谎。4)用于There seems...句型中
There seems to be something wrong with my bike.
我的自行车好像有毛病。
5)用于It seems＋介词短语结构中
It seems like years since I last saw you.
从我上次看见你到现在好像几年了。辨析：seem, appear与look
seem暗示判断有一定根据，比较接近事实。
appear强调外表给人的印象，但事实不一定如此。
look往往指外貌，目所能及，其后不跟不定式或that从句，但可用于It looks as if...结构中。
即学即用
He seems________the truth. Otherwise, he would not be so angry.
A．to have known B．know
C．knowing D．to be knowing
答案：A2．In another recent sighting, a group of soldiers claim they saw an animal moving on the surface of the water.
最近另有一次，一群战士证实：他们看见湖的水面上有东西在流动。本句使用了现在分词moving作宾语补足语，表示动作的正在进行，如果宾语与后面的宾语补足语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，且宾补所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，宾补就用现在分词，常见的用现在分词作宾补的结构有：get/leave/keep/catch/have sb. doing; see/find/watch/feel/hear/listen to/discover sb. doing等。
①When I came in, I found him lying in bed.
我进来时发现他正躺在床上。
②He kept me waiting the whole morning.
他让我等了整整一上午。
注意：如果把上述结构变为被动语态(get, have, feel除外)，则原来作宾补的现在分词就变成主补。
The girl was caught stealing.
这女孩偷东西时被抓住了。高考直击
(2010·湖南卷，21)Listen! Do you hear someone ________ for help?
A．calling B．call
C．to call D．called
解析：句意：听！你听见有人在呼救吗？hear sb. do sth.听见某人干过某事；hear sb. doing sth.，听见某人正在干某事。
答案：A即学即用
(2009·厦门模拟)A cook will be immediately fired if he is found________in the kitchen.
A．smoke B．smoking
C．to smoke D．smoked
答案：B3．He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
他说他看见圆形黑色的东西在湖面快速潜入水中。
本句使用了不定式的完成式to have seen表示动作的完成。这种结构主要有下述几种方法：
1)表示该动作或状态发生在谓语动作发生的时间之前。常见于下列结构中：
(1)用作主语或宾语
It's my pleasure to have attended your lecture last night.
昨晚能听你的报告是我的荣幸。(主语)(2)用于形容词后作原因状语
I'm sorry not to have come to your help last night.(＝I'm sorry I didn't...)
很抱歉昨晚没能来帮你。
(3)用于seem, appear, happen, chance, pretend等动词之后
They seem/appear to have known the fact.(＝It seems/appears that they have known the fact.)他们好像已经知道了真相。
(4)用于“be＋said/thought/considered/reported/believed...”之后There is said to have been many people waiting to see him when he arrived.(It's said that there had been...)据说他到达的时候已经有很多人在等着见他了。
(5)用于“be＋sure/certain/likely...”之后
You are sure to have known each other before.
你们以前一定相互认识。2)用于hoped/wished/wanted/expected/meant/planned等，以及promised/was/were/would like之后，表示未曾实现的希望或计划等。
I hoped to have gone to his help yesterday, but I was too busy then.
昨天我本想去帮他的，可我太忙了。
3)用于表示“希望”等含义的动词的现在时之后，表示到将来某时，某事已发生或完成。
I mean to have covered half of the story by ten o'clock tonight.
我打算今晚十点前看完故事的一半。4)用于情态动词ought之后，多表示对已发生的事的评论：ought to have done表示“本该做……却未做”；oughtn't to have done表示“本不该做……却做了”。
You oughtn't to have helped him yesterday.
昨天你本不该帮他的。高考直击
(2007·辽宁)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported________the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
A．breaking B．having broken
C．to have broken D．to break
解析：sb./sth. is reported to do sth.为常用的表达方式，to do不能用doing形式，“打破世界记录”是已经发生的事情，故用不定式的完成式。
答案：C即学即用
(2006·湖北)AIDS is said________the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.
A．that it is B．to be
C．that it has been D．to have been
答案：D课件34张PPT。1．adapt v.
1)(使)适应；(使)适合
He adapted himself to cold weather.他适应了寒冷的天气。
2)改编；改装
Here is a letter adapted from“Dear Abby”， Philadephia Bulletin, on March 9, 1973.
这里摘登一封“亲爱的爱华”的回信，刊登在1973年3月9日的《费城公报》上。知识拓展
adapt for 使适合于；为……改编(改写)
adapt from 根据……改写(改编)
adapt sth. to 使某事物适应或适合
adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于某事
注意：该词的词形与adopt vt.“采用；收养”和adept adj. “内行的；熟练的”较为相似，要注意区分它们。高考直击
(2009·浙江)The good thing about children is that they ________ very easily to new environments.
A．adapt B．appeal
C．attach D．apply
解析：考查动词词义辨析。adapt“适应”；appeal“吸引；呼吁”；attach“吸附”；apply“申请”。句意：孩子有个好处就是他们很容易适应新的环境。故选A。
答案：A即学即用
When they came to a new country; they found it difficult to________themselves to new circumstances.
A．apply B．accept
C．admit D．adapt
答案：D2．evolve v. 发展；进化；演变
助记evolve①He has evolved his own writing style.
他已形成了自己的写作风格。
②The small company has evolved into a big international firm.
这家小公司已发展成为一家大型的跨国公司。即学即用
Some people believe that we________from the apes.
A．evolved B．came
C．involved D．evolution
答案：A1．be related (to) 和……有联系；和……有关系；有亲属关系
①Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.
这一地区的许多犯罪都与滥用毒品有关。
②Are you related to Mary?
你与玛丽是亲戚吗？知识拓展
1)relate v. 联系；使有联系；把……联系在一起；叙述
I found it difficult to relate the two ideas in my mind.
我觉得很难把这两种想法联系在一起。
2)relate to涉及；与……相关；理解并同情；了解
①We should discuss the problem as it relates to our specific case.
我们应当针对我们的具体情况来讨论这个问题。②The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland.
第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。
③Many adults can't relate to children.
许多成年人并不了解儿童的想法。
3)(派)related adj. 有关的；联系的
relatedness n. 有关
relationship n. 关系；关联
relation n. 联系；关联；关系
relativity n. 相对性
relative adj. 有关联的；有关系的即学即用
The matter________your study surely requires________carefully.
A．relating to; dealing with
B．related to; dealt with
C．related to; being dealt with
D．relating to; having dealt with
答案：A2．die out
1)(指宗族、物种)灭绝；灭亡
This kind of bird is dying out.
这种鸟正在濒临灭绝。
2)(习俗等)渐渐消失
Many old customs are gradually dying out.
许多旧习俗正在日渐消失。知识拓展
die away 逐渐停止；逐渐消失
die off 相继死去
die down 逐渐减弱；逐渐模糊；平息；平静
die of... 因……而死(因疾病，饥寒，情感等而死)
die from... 因……而死(因外因而死)
即学即用
The moth's habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly________.
A．died away B．died down
C．died out D．died from
答案：C may/might＋have＋过去分词：表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，即说话人认为过去某事发生的可能性或某状态存在的可能性。可用于肯定句(意思是“可能已经”)和否定句(意思是“可能没有”)；might的语气没有may那么肯定。
①He may not have finished the work.
他可能还没有完成那项工作。
②He might not have got your letter.
他或许没有收到你的来信。
③How quickly time passed! It might have happened yesterday.时间过得好快啊！这事好像就发生在昨天。
但有时might可用来表示过去可能发生而没发生的事情。
You were so careless that day. You might have made a bad mistake.
那天你太粗心了，你有可能会犯错误的。(事实上并没有犯错误)知识拓展
其他“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的用法
1)“must＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去的某事做出的肯定判断。
The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.
地面很湿，昨天晚上一定下雨了。
2)“can/could＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去某种行为或存在的状态进行否定推测。can常用于否定句(意思是“不可能已经”)和疑问句；could除用于否定句及疑问句外，还可用于肯定句(意思是“那时可能；本来可以，但实际并未发生”。)①Don't worry—they could have just forgotten to phone.
别担心——他们很可能只是忘了打电话。
②He cannot have been to that town.
他根本不可能去过那座城市。
③Can he have got the book?
他会有那本书吗？
④The snowstorm was terrible that day. You could have lost your way.
那天暴风雪是可怕的，你本可能会迷路的。(事实上你并没有迷路)3)“need＋have＋过去分词”常用于否定句，表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情或过去做某事纯属多余，含有“根本不必；本来不必”之意，也可用于疑问句。
①You needn't have told them that.
你没有必要告诉他们那个。
②Need they have done it last week?
他们上周做这事有必要吗？4)“should/ought to＋have＋过去分词”的肯定式表示“过去本应做某事(但实际上却没做)”；其否定表示“过去不该做某事(但却做了)”。含有不满或责备之意。
①You should(ought to)have asked for my permission.
你本应征求我的同意。(事实上，你并没有请求我准许)
②You shouldn't(oughtn't to)have kept the books in the damp place.
你本不应该把那些书放在潮湿的地方。(实际上已放潮湿的地方了。)5)“would＋have＋过去分词”表示过去本来要做某事却因某种原因未做，通常用来说明某种情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。
I would have written to you earlier but I have been ill.
我本来要早点给你写信的，但我生病了。高考直击
(1)(2008·重庆)—I can't find my purse anywhere.
—You________have lost it while shopping.
A．may B．can
C．should D．would
解析：本题主要考查情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法。句意为：“——我到处都找不到钱包”。“——你也许在购物时把它丢了”。肯定句中对过去情况的推测应用may/might have done而can/should have done多表对过去能/该做而未做的事情的一种责备或不满，would have done表推测时多用于否定句中或表示“当时就做……了”。
答案：A(2)(2008·天津)She________have left school, for her bike is still here.
A．can't B．wouldn't
C．shouldn't D．needn't
解析：考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：她一定还没有离校，她的自行车还在。can用于否定句，表示某事肯定不真实。其它三项都不表推测。
答案：A(3)(2008·江西)What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he________better.
A．need have done B．must have done
C．can have done D．might have done
解析：考查情态动词与虚拟语气。what a pity表明了一种遗憾的语气。句意为“太可惜了！就能力和经验而言，他应该/或许/一定会做得更好些的。”A明显不正确：B项与上文矛盾，C项中表达虚拟语气应把can改为could，表示对过去的事情进行推测；只有D项might表示对过去的事情的肯定的推测，意为“或许”。
答案：D(4)(2010·山东卷，25)I________have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.
A．shouldn't B．needn't
C．couldn't D．mustn't
解析：句意：我不该看那部电影的，那会让我做噩梦。考查情态动词。shouldn't“不应该”；needn't“不必”；couldn't“不可能”；mustn't不与have done连用。
答案：A(5)(2008·江苏)—She looks very happy. She________have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.
A．should B．could
C．must D．might
解析：对过去事情的推测用must have done.
答案：C(6)(2010·天津卷，9)Mark________have hurried.After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A．needn't B．wouldn't
C．mustn't D．couldn't
解析：句意：迈克没有必要急急忙忙。高速行驶之后，他提前半小时到达了。needn't have done表示“本不必干某事而干了”；wouldn't have done表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气；must have done表示对过去事实的肯定推测，此结构不能用于否定式；couldn't have done表示对过去事实的否定推测。根据句意A项正确。
答案：A(7)(2010·安徽卷，32)Jack described his father, who________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.
A．would be B．would have been
C．must be D．must have been
解析：句意：杰克把多年以前是个勇敢男孩的父亲描述成一个意志坚强的人。表示对过去情况的推测，要用must have done结构，故选D。
答案：D课件34张PPT。1．generous adj.
1)慷慨的；大方的
It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.
他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
2)宽厚的；仁慈的
He wrote a very generous assessment of my work.
他给我写的工作评价多有赞誉之词。知识拓展
generously adv. 慷慨地
generousness n．慷慨；大方
(反)mean adj. 吝啬的；小气的即学即用
You'd better not be always________with your money. Try to make ends meet.
A．general B．generous
C．genius D．gentle
答案：B2．reputation n．[U, C]名誉；名声
I know Mark's reputation for being late.
我知道马克迟到是出了名的。
The weather in England is living up to its reputation.
英国的天气是名副其实的。
单词积累
repute n. 荣誉；名声
reputed adj. 号称的；所谓的
reputable adj. 声誉好的；值得依赖的知识拓展
have a good/bad reputation 名誉好/坏
lose/ruin one's reputation 名誉扫地
live up to one's reputation 不负盛名；名副其实
of great/good/high reputation 很有声望的；享有盛名的高考直击
(2010·江苏卷，22)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good________.
A．expectation B．reputation
C．contribution D．civilization
解析：句意：这位医生在治疗心脏病方面技术高超而且从不接受病人的礼物，因此他有很好的声誉。本题考查名词辨析。A项表示“期待；预料”；B项表示“名声，声望”；C项表示“贡献”；D项表示“文明”。根据句意选B。
答案：B即学即用
Mr Li is a football player with a good________， who was well received the moment he appeared at the airport.
A．eagerness B．reputation
C．personality D．reputation
答案：B3．indicate v.
1)表明；显示
Research indicates that eating is changing fast.
研究显示，饮食习惯正在迅速改变。
2)暗示；象征
A red sky at night often indicates fine weather on the next day.
夜空呈红色往往预示第二天天气晴朗。知识拓展
indication n. 表明；象征；暗示
indicative adj. 标示的；暗示的
indicator 指示信号；标志；迹象高考直击
(2009·浙江)There is a great deal of evidence ________that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A．indicate B．indicating
C．to indicate D．to be indicating
解析：考查非谓语动词作定语。indicating that...＝which indicates that...。
答案：B即学即用
The bell________the end of the period rang, ________our heated discussion.
A．indicating; interrupting
B．indicated; interrupting
C．indicating; interrupted
D．indicated; interrupted
答案：A4．fortune n. 运气；命运；机会；财产；财富；大笔的钱
①People hope it will bring good fortune.
人们希望它会带来好运。
②He made a fourtune by selling houses.
他靠卖房子发了财。知识拓展
have a good/bad fortune 运气好/坏
seek one's fortune 碰运气
tell a person's fortune 给人算命
make a fortune 发财
worth a fortune 价值连城单词积累
fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的
fortunately adv. 幸运地
即学即用
That diamond necklace she was wearing must be worth a________.
A．luck B．fortune
C．money D．fortunate
答案：B1．due to 由于；因为(介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词)
①The accident was due to careless driving.
这场车祸是粗心驾驶造成的。
②He arrived late due to the storm.
由于暴风雨他来晚了。知识拓展
thanks to 由于；幸亏
for the reason that 由于；因为(后接从句)
on account of 因为；由于
owing to 因为；由于(常用于书面语)
for reasons of 由于；因为
because of多用于口语，表示直接的原因。
as a result of... 由于；作为……的结果(为较正式用语)即学即用
The price of gold rose again________rumours of war. Which of the following is wrong?
A．due to B．because of
C．caused by D．owing to
答案：C2．quite something (口语)不寻常的；令人惊讶的；非常好的(extraordinary)
It is quite something to be chosen to study abroad.
能被选为留学生，真不简单。知识拓展
1)quite是程度副词，相当于汉语中“还算；相当”，其程度比fairly强些，但不如rather, pretty或very。
The lecture was quite good.
这个讲座相当好。
2)quite与没有比较级的形容词连用时或与有比较级的形容词amazing, astonishing等词连用时，常作“绝对地；完全地”讲。
His French is quite perfect.
他的法语相当好。3)not quite意为“不完全地”，与没有程度差别的词连用，表达很小的差异。
①I'm not quite ready—just a minute.
我还没有完全准备好——马上就行。
②I don't quite agree.
我不完全同意。
③I don't think you are quite right, I'm afraid.
恐怕我不认为你就那么正确。即学即用
Mr Brown is________expert on Roman coins.
A．quite an B．a quite
C．a fairly D．fairly an
答案：A3．a sense of national identity 民族感sense n.
1)感觉；五种感官之一
①The five senses are sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.
五种感官是视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。
②She has a poor sense of direction.
她的方向感很差。2)意念，意识
a sense of hunger 饥饿感
a sense of shame 羞耻心
a sense of responsibility 责任感
a sense of values 价值观
3)做……的意义；价值；效用
There is no sense in criticizing him.
批评他没用。知识拓展
in a sense 在某种意义上
make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通；明智
make sense of... 了解……的意义；理解
make no sense 没道理；讲不通即学即用
(2009·天津南开模拟)No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't________to me.
A．take sense B．have sense
C．make sense D．make sense of
答案：C
...but with fewer claws and of a different colour.
……但是要少几个龙爪，并且颜色也不一样。
of a different colour 颜色不同
“be of＋n.”这一结构的用法：
1)表示不同的人或物的共同特征，带有“同一”这一概念，此时名词前通常带有冠词，常用的名词有：size, kind, type, price, height, depth, width, length, weight, age, shape, colour等。
We are of the same age.
我们同岁。2)说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性，其中的名词通常是抽象名词，常用的有：use, importance, help, value, interest, quality等。
①The book is of great use to me.
这本书对我很有用。
②This medicine is of no use.＝This medicine is useless.
这种药没效果。即学即用
You'll find this dictionary________great use for helping you to study English.
A．of B．with
C．for D．by
答案：A
