(共35张PPT)
八年级英语下（JJ）
教学课件
Unit 5 Buying and Selling
Unit Review
试比较：
We know him．
We know he likes English.
主s
主s
谓v
谓v
宾o
宾o
宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语
主s
谓v
宾o
简单句
复合句
什么是宾语从句？
宾语从句
Grammar
当宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导，that无词义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常常省略。
All the students think that Mr. Zhang is humorous.
当主句的主语是第一人称（I，we），而且谓语动词是think，guess， believe，suppose等时，如果宾语从句要表达否定意思，则一般将否定转移到主句上来，即“否定前移”。
I don’t think the girl can do the work alone.
由that引导的宾语从句
a. 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that 从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略。
We must make it clear that we mean what we say.
b. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略。
He told me（ that）he would come and that he would
come on time.
c.当that作介词 except, in等宾语时,that 不省略。
They believe in that she must still be single.
I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.
that在宾语从句中的省略与保留
由if/whether引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句的语义相当于一个一般疑问句时，常用if/whether引导，表示“是否”。
if/ whether在句中不充当句子成分，但不能省略。
I wonder if/ whether you want to attend the meeting.
由if/whether引导的宾语从句
一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以互换。以下情况不可互换：
whether之后紧跟or not时，不可与if互换。
Nobody knows whether or not it will rain tomorrow.
在介词后只能用whether，不能用if。
The boy worries about whether he has broken his computer.
与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether ，不能用if。
I can’t decide whether to go or to stay.
（1）当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what和连接副词where，how，why，when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中作一定成分。
疑问词引导的宾语从句
词类 在句中的功能 词汇 中文含义
连接代词 除在句中起连接作用外，还可在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 who 谁（主格）
whom 谁（宾格）
whose 谁的
what 什么
which 哪个
连接副词 除在句中起连接作用外，还可在宾语从句中作状语 when 什么时候
where 哪里
how 怎样；如何
why 为什么
（2）在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要用陈述语序。因此当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。
“Where did he go last month ” She asked. = She asked where he went last month.
当疑问代词what/who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身即是陈述语序，所以转变成宾语从句后无需再调整语序。
“What’s wrong with the TV ” Tom asks. = Tom asks what’s wrong with the TV.
语序的变化
（3）宾语从句可转化成“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构。
在含有疑问词引导的宾语从句的主从复合句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语或宾语一致，则宾语从句可以转化为“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构。
I want to know how I get there.
→ I want to know how to get there.
可转化成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构
宾语从句的语序
Danny says that he will learn English.
Do you know where he came from
Please tell me how I can get to the bus station .
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。
宾语从句的时态
当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。
I hear (that)
Jim went to work an hour ago.
he is interested in English.
she will come tomorrow.
Tom has been to London twice.
He will go to Hong Kong .
He is sick.
He is reading a book .
He has finished his work.
He said
He had finished his work.
He would go to Hong Kong .
He was sick.
He was reading a book .
当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
the sun is much bigger than the moon .
Summer is after Spring .
the earth moves around the sun.
He told me (that)
We knew (that)
The teacher told us (that)
当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。
宾语从句三要素
引导词
that+陈述句
if／whether+一般疑问句
特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句
时态
主句为一般现在时
主句为一般过去时
一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
语序
宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
从句客观真理时态不变
从句可为任何时态
宾语从句的总结
Building Your Vocabulary
I. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words. The first letter is given.
1. —Is this product expensive
—No, it's very c .
2. Doing the housework is an e task for my mum.
3. It is a sunny morning, and the sun is s .
4. Good friends should t each other.
5. Mike came in with his hands in his p .
heap
veryday
hining
rust
ockets
Ⅱ. Complete the passage with the correct words.
Zhang Wei loves music. He always dreamed of having a guitar. But his family is poor. He always told himself that it was only a dream. Then one day, it was his fourteenth birthday. His father ______ him a special present. It was in a big box. When Zhang Wei ________ the box, he saw a guitar in it. He was very excited. He thanked his father. Do you know how much his father ______ for the guitar It _______ him over 1 500 yuan!
sent
paid
opened
cost
Grammar in Use
Rewrite the sentences using “Simon says that. . . ”
1. Will Danny improve his invention
Simon says that Danny will improve his invention.
2. Will your product succeed
Simon says that _____________________________________.
3. Does he work hard in school
Simon says that _____________________________________.
your product will succeed
he works hard in school
4. Is the girl going to buy Brian's cookies
Simon says that _____________________________________ .
5. Does Jenny have any ideas
Simon says that _____________________________________.
the girl is going to buy Brian's cookies
Jenny has some ideas
Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ. Listen to the passage and answer the questions.
1. What does the Bright Eyes Store sell
2. What is on sale now
3. When does the store close on Tuesdays
It sells glasses.
All the sunglasses are on sale.
It closes at 7: 00 p. m. on Tuesdays.
4. How long is the store open on weekends
5. What's special on Sundays
For eight hours.
If you come on Sundays, you will get a free gift.
listening material
Welcome to Bright Eyes Store. It is the best glasses store in this area. You can find different kinds of glasses here. Now all of our sunglasses are on sale at a very low price. Our store opens from Monday to Friday at 9: 00 a.m. and closes at 7: 00 p.m. On Saturdays and Sundays, it opens from 10: 00 a.m. to 6: 00 p.m. If you come on Sundays, you will get a free gift. Thank you!
Ⅱ. Complete the following dialogue. Then act it out.
A: Can I help you
B: Yes. I'd like to buy a blackboard. Can you show me one
A: Sure. ____________________
B: It looks nice, but it's too big. ____________________________
A: Sorry, the smaller ones are sold out. Look at this whiteboard.
How about this one
Do you have any smaller ones
B: Oh, it's just right. ____________________
A: $50.
B: $50 ______________________________
A: Well, I'm afraid it's the cheapest one.
B: OK. I'll take it.
A: Thank you.
How much is it
That's a little expensive.
Putting It All Together
Ⅰ.Complete the passage by choosing the best answers from below.
Wendy Wang and Her Company
Have you heard of the 15-year-old girl who set up a company of her own Wendy Wang is that girl. She started the business two years ago. She has already 1. _______ several successful computer games.
( )1. A. worked B. played C. written D. bought
C
They are so 2._______ that over half a million games are sold every year. Now her whole family works in her business, and she is 3._______ in school.
( )2. A. afraid B. popular C. expensive D. surprised
( )3. A. still B. hardly C. often D. sometimes
B
A
She gets up early in the morning and talks with her family about the 4. _______ over breakfast. Every weekday, she goes to school in her own car with a driver, 5._______ she is not old enough to drive.
( )4. A. lessons B. friends C. exams D. business
( )5. A. and B. so C. because D. if
D
C
She enjoys school, but some of the work is too easy for her to feel 6._______. She usually gets A’s in all her 7._______ , so the other students often ask her for 8._______ .
( )6. A. interesting B. interested C. different D. difficult
( )7. A. games B. businesses C. friend D. subjects
( )8. A. money B. help C. grades D. results
B
D
B
She finishes her homework in half an hour after her driver takes her home. After dinner, she goes to her office and 9._______ to work on her computer, writing games until 2:00 a. m. Usually she doesn’t need as much 10._______ as other children.
( )9. A. gets B. finds C. stops D. hurries
( )10. A. food B. sleep C. fruit D. pleasure
A
B
Ⅱ. Play Market Stall and write a short passage about it.
Divide the class into three large groups.
Two of the groups set up imaginary market stalls. The stalls can sell anything the group members wish. The two stalls will compete for customers.
The third group will be the customers. The customers take turns visiting the stalls and deciding what to buy and where to buy it.
Write a short passage about it.
Self-Evaluation
Find more examples from this unit. Then mark your stars.
Ⅰ. Raising Money
We can sell snacks and other things at lunch hour.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
I can talk about raising money in English.
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆
She wanted to help us open a shop to raise money for school activities.
Ⅱ. Talking about Business
You can buy four for only one dolllar.
_____________________________________________
I can talk about selling in English.
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆
I'm going to buy sixteen!
Ⅲ. Object Clause
I don’t think it would be safe to do my homework on a bicycle.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
I can use object clauses properly.
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆
Do you know that business English can be different from everyday English
I’ll Buy It!
How much does it cost
How much does it cost
Let's go shopping,
At the mall!
Take some money,
Buy something small.
Many products,
To choose from!
Not too expensive
I'll buy some!
How much does it cost
How much does it cost
Thank you!
