2022年中考英语语法句-There be句型讲解

2022年九年级中考英语语法梳理
There be句型
　There be句型肯定句
　　“There be+主语（某人/某物）+介词短语”，表示“（在）某地有某人/某物”。这里的be的单复数形式要采取“就近一致”原则，即合靠近be的主语保持一致。
　　具体地说，there后面第一个主语，若是单数时，be就用is/was;若是复数时be就用are/were。
　　There are three people in my family.
　　我家有三口人。
　　There is a pen and two books on the desk.
　　书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。
　There be句型否定式
　　“There be +not+主语+介词短语”。There be句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not或no即可，但要注意的是句中的some改成any.
　　1.There is a knife in the kitchen.
　　否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.
　　2. There are five apples on the tree.
　　否定:There are not five apples on the tree.
　　3. There is some ink in the bottle.
　　否定:There is not any ink in the bottle.
　　4. There are some birds singing in the tree.
　　否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.
　　There be否定句型中的not any与no可以互换。
　　注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，所以not a/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。
　　1.There are not any books in the bag.
　　=There are no books in the bag.
　　2. There is no baby crying in the room.
　　=There is not any baby crying in the room.
　　3. There are no students in the classroom.
　　=There are not any students in the classroom.
　　4. There is not any milk in the bottle.
　　=There is no milk in the bottle.　There be句型疑问式
　　在“There is/are...”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。
　　难点:句中出现的some要改成any。
　　肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are.
　　否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
　　结构：Be动词+there+主语……？
　　There is an apple on the tree.Is there an apple on the tree
　　肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isn’t.
　　There are five pens on the desk. Are there five pens on the desk
　　肯定回答: Yes, there are.否定回答: No, there aren’t.
　　There is some water in the cup.Is there any water in the cup
　　肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isn’t.　　There be句型特殊疑问句
　　“There be句型”的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
　　1.对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what引导。
　　注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。
　　There are many things over there.
　　What’s over there
　　There was a little girl in the room.
　　Who was in the room
　　2.对地点状语提问：则用where 引导。
　　There is a computer on the desk.
　　Where is the computer
　　There were four children on the playground.
　　Where were the four children
　　3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：
　　How many+复数名词+are/were (there)+介词短语？
　　There’re many children in the park.
　　How many children are(there)in the park
　　How much+不可数名词+is/was there+介词短语？
　　There was little rain around the year.
　　How much rain was (there)around the year　There be句型反义疑问句
　　There be的反义疑问句一般是以be作为反义疑问部分的助动词来用，它也遵循“前肯后否、前否后肯”的原则。
　　There is a cup on the table, isn't there
　　该句前半句为肯定句，所以反义疑问句部分要采用否定的isn't。
　　There is no juice left in the bottle, is there
　　该句前半句为否定句，所以反义疑问句部分要采用肯定的is。
There be句型也可以和be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to等常用句型连用。
　　其基本用法结构为：There+特殊句型+be+名词主语+其他成分。
　　There seem to be a big difference between the twins.
　　There is going to be a film in the village tonight.
　　There is likely to be a snowstorm.There happened to be a man nearby.
　　There appeared to have been a tragic accident last week.