高考英语熟词生义词169组
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2013年高考英语夺分宝典（安徽江苏专精编打印版）
(本人原创，未经本人同意，一般人我不告诉他)
目录
1．词汇：通过高考英语熟词生义词关
2．听力：技巧在心，词汇在脑。听力满分不是梦
3．任务型读写：熟记概括性词汇，注意词形变化。任务型读写也能得高分
4．书面表达：十大模板，八大话题，十句搞定高考英语书面表达
高级词汇，高级结构，向高考英语书面表达要高分
1．词汇：通过高考英语熟词生义词关
1.例举高考英语熟词生义词真题：
1.We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_____ very well．
A．worked out B．tried out
C．went on D．carried on
正确答案为A。此处work out的词义为“（情况）发展……”、“进行……”。其余干扰项的干扰作用都很大。如果没有完全掌握work out的含义，根本无法选定这个选项，更何况，我们的课本根本未有把work out作“（情况）进展”、“进行”解释过。单选题如此，阅读理解、完形填空等题中熟词生义现象更是比比皆是。
2.Encourage your children to try new things. But try not to_______them too hard.
A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push(逼迫，敦促)
本来push表示推的意思。
3.If you leave the club, you will not be _______back in.
A. received B. admitted(准许进入，准许加入俱乐部，组织等；接收入学) C, turned D. moved admit 本来表示承认
4.-Do you have enough to _______all your daily expenses?
-Oh ,yes, enough and to spare..(闲置的，不用的，闲钱)
A. cover (钱足够----之用) B. spend C, fill D. offer
5.Some parents are just too protective. They want to _______their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot B. dismiss C, shelter( 保护，庇护) D. distinguish
Shelter 本意：居所，住处，遮蔽物，庇护处
6.The fact that she never apologized________a lot about what kind of person she is .
A. says (显示，表明) B. talks C. appears D. declares
7.Though having lived abroad for years , many Chinese still ________the traditional customs.
A. perform B. possess C. observe(遵守规则，法律等) D. support
8．I can still remember he was always wearing (流露，面带)a smile and willing to help.
2．常考的熟词生义169组
A
1．absent(熟义：adj．缺席的)
He looked at me in all absent way．(adj．茫然的，恍惚的)
2．abuse(熟义：v．滥用；漫骂)
She is quite a successful career woman，but actually she's much abused at home．(v．虐待)
4．ache(熟义：v．＆n．疼痛) He was aching for home．(v．渴望)
5. act(熟义：V．＆n．行动)
lt takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act．(vi．起作用)
6．address(熟义：n．地址v．写地址)
It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting．(vt．向……发表演说；
直接向…,一说话)
8. against(熟义：prep．逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰)
The picture looks nice against the white wall．(prep．映衬)
9. age(熟义：n．年龄)
Worry aged him rapidly．(v．(使)变老)
10. air(熟义：n．空气)
Don’t air your troubles too often．(V．抒发；倾诉；播送)
Tere was a comfortable air about her room．(n．样子，神态，气氛)
11. alone(熟义：adv．单独地，一个人地)
She alone was able to answer the question． (adv．仅仅，只有)
12．amount(熟义：n．量)
The cost amounted to $200．(v．(to)共计，达到)
What you have said amounts to a plain refusal．(v．相当于)
13．announce(熟义：宣布)
A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring．(vt．显示，预告)
14．appreciate(熟义：v．欣赏；感激；感谢)
I appreciate that I may be wrong．(V．意识到(realize))
15．attend(熟义：v．出席；参加)
The nurse attended to him day and night．(v．看护；治疗；陪同)
16．accompany(熟义：vt．陪伴；伴奏)
Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain．(v．伴随)
17．allow(熟义：v．允许)
This diet allows you one glass of wine a day．(vt．使可能)
18．approach(熟义：vt．靠近；接近)
I approached him about filling the manager's job．(v．接洽；建议；要求)
19. available(熟义：adj．可得到的；可找到的)
The worthy professor is now available． (adj．(人)有空的)
B
20．become(熟义：v．变得，变成)
Her new hat certainly becomes her．(vt．适于，适合)
21．behavior(熟义：n．举止；行为)
The behavior 0f this computer is moderately good．(n．性能，特点)
22．blank(熟义：adj．空白的n．空白)
The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look．(adj．没表情的；空虚的；没兴趣的)
I call not think where I've left my umbrella；my mind's a complete blank!(n．记忆中的空白，遗忘)
23．blue(熟义：adj．＆n．蓝色)
His songs always make me feel blue．(adj．忧伤的)
24. bare(adj．熟义：裸露的)
He likes to bare his heart／soul with his close friends．(vt．向某人袒露心声)
25．bear(熟义：vt．忍受；容忍)
He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the sears．(v．显示；带有)
26．bound(熟义：a由．一定会)
I don't like being desk—bound all day．(adj．受…约束的)
C
27． cause(熟义：v．致使)
We are struggling for revolutionary cause．(n．事业)
28．celebrate(熟义：vt．庆祝)
He celebrated her for her courage．(vt．称颂，赞扬)
29．climate(熟义：n．气候)
The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting．(n．风气；思潮；倾向)
30．cloudy(熟义：adj．阴的，多云的)
Who did is still remains cloudy．(adj．不明朗的，不清晰的)
31．coach(熟义：n．教练)
She coached me in English．(v．辅导，指导)
32．count(熟义：n．&v．计算，数)
(1)There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers．(vt．包括)
(2)It is not how much you read but what you read that counts．(vt．有价值，重要)
(3)She was counted among the greatest dancers．(vt．以为，视为)
33．couple(熟义：n．一对，一双；一对夫妇或情侣)
The dining car was coupled onto the last coach．(v．联合，连接)
34．course(熟义：n．课程；过程)
The main course was a vegetable stew．(n．一道菜)
35．cross(熟义：v．跨越，横穿n．十字)
Don't be cross with him——after all，he meant to help．(adj．生气的)
36．case(熟义：n．情况；状况)
There are three cases of fever in school．(n．病例；案例)
37．casual(熟义：adj．偶然的；随意的)
He was employed as a casual laborer．(adj．临时的)
38．cater(熟义：v．为社交活动提供饮食；承办酒席)
TV must cater for many different tastes．(v．满足需要；迎合)
39．challenge(熟义：v．挑战)
I challenged him to a game of chess (v．强烈建议某人干某事)
40．chance(熟义：n．机会)
She chanced to be in when he called．(V．碰巧)
41．charge(熟义：v．索价，收费；指控；控告)
Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby’．(V。赋予…责任或义务)
42．clean(熟义：adj．干净的)
I clean forgot about n(adv．彻底地；完全地)
43．consume(熟义：vt．消耗；消费)
The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood．(Vt．烧毁；毁灭)
D
44．damage(熟义：v．&n．损坏)
He chimed $7000 damages from the taxi company．(n．赔偿金(复数)=compensation)
45．dawn(熟义：n拂晓v．破晓，天亮)
The truth began to dawn on him．(v．开始明白)
46．desert(熟义：n．沙漠)
He deserted his wife and children and went abroad．(V．抛弃，离弃)
47．develop(熟义：v．发展；开发；研制)
Did you have the films developed?(v：冲印)
develop a disease／a habit(v．逐渐形成)
sure enough，most of the plants developed the disease(vt．患病；出现问题)
48．difficult(熟义：adj．困难的)
(adj.难以取悦的，不易满足的)
49．dismiss．(熟义：v．解雇，开除)
He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic． (v．拒绝考虑(某观点等))
50．drive(熟义：v．驾驶)
Hunger drove her to steal．(V．迫使某人(做不好或不快的事))
51．divorce(熟义：v．与某人离婚)
You cann’t divorce science from ethical questions．(v．使分离；使脱离)
52．draw(熟义：v．画；拖；拉)
What moral are we to draw from the story?(v．获得，取得，推断出)
E
53．engage(熟义：、rt．从事)
A personal computer engages his interest now．(vt吸引)
54．excuse(熟义：n．借口v．原谅)
He was excused from piano practice．(v．免除某人的职责)
55．express(熟义：v．表达)
His express wish was that you should come here by air．(adj．明确的)
Is there an express from№njing to Shahgllai?(n．快车)
56．encourage(熟义:vt．鼓励；激励)
Good health encourages clear thinking．(v．促进，助长，刺激)
57．escape(熟义：v．逃跑；逃脱)
His name escapes me for the moment．(v．被忘掉；被忽视)
58．explode(熟义：v．爆炸爆裂)
I'm about to explode!He broke my violin．(v．勃然大怒；大发雷霆)
59．exploit(熟义:V．开发；开采；剥削)
You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things．(v．利用)
F
60．fail(熟义：v．失败)
Our water supply failed．(v．不足；缺乏)
He is failing in health．／His health is failing．(v．衰退，衰弱)
He failed to lend her a hand．(v．未能)
Words failed him．(vt．使失望；有负于)
61．fill(熟义：v．填满)
His answer did not fill our need．(vt．满足)
62．fine(熟义：adj．美好的，很棒的，晴朗的)
There's a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words．(adj．微妙的) ’
The man will get a fine if he parks the car there．(n．罚款)
63．fond(熟义：adj.自由的，喜欢的；慈爱的；深情的)
Fond parents will spoil their child．(adj．溺爱的)
64．force(熟义：vt．强迫)
The policeman forced the knife from the criminal's hand．(vt．夺取)
65．foreign(熟义：adj．外国的；外交的)
The subject is foreign to me．(adj．不熟悉的)
Telling lies is foreign to her nature．(adj．和……格格不人)
66．form．(熟义：vt．形成)
I call not form an opinion about it．(vt．想出)
67．freeze(熟义：v．结冰，凝固)
Freeze!Or I'll shoot．(v．不许动)
68．fly(熟义：v．飞；飞翔；飞彤n．苍蝇)
The children flew to meet their mother．(v．疾驰；疾行)
69．fresh(熟义：adj．新鲜的)
She is quite fresh to office work．(adj．无经验的)
G
70．gain(熟义：v．获得；赢得)
Don't worry．My watch gains．We still have time．(v．(钟表)快)
The ear gained speed gradually．(vt．增加(速度，重量))
71．ground(熟义：n．地面)
He has strong grounds for more money．(n．理由)
72．glare(熟义：v．怒目而视)
The sun glared out of the blue sky．(v．发出刺眼的光)
73．govern(熟义：v．管理；控制)
The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods．(vt．影响；支配)
74．Grow up(熟义：长大；成熟)
A warm friendship grew up between the two men．(逐渐发展；形成)
H
75．hit(熟义：v。击中，打击)
The film Hero by Zhang Yimou is quite a hit of this year．(n．成功；红极一时的人或事)
76．hold(熟义：vt．握住，抓住；抱住)
His promise still holds．(vi：适用，有效)
I
77．ill(熟义：adj．生病的)
It's no good speaking ill of others．(adj．&adv．坏的／地)
78. industry(熟义：n．工业；产业)
His Success was due to industry．(n．努力；勤勉)
79．interest(熟义：n．兴趣)
Our family has an interest in the business．(n．利益；股份)
80．invent(熟义：v．发明)
He invented aJl excuse for his being late．(y．捏造，虚构)
81．invite(熟义：v．邀请)
Don't leave the window open—it's inviting thieves to enter．(V．吸引)
The dishes are really inviting．(adj．诱人的)
82．inspire(熟义：v：激励；鼓舞)
His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother．(V．启发)
J
83．jam(熟义：n．果酱)
He jammed four apples in his pocket．(Vt．塞进)
The accident jammed the main road for2 hours。(vt．堵塞)
There are traffic jams every day on this road． (n．．堵塞)
84．jump(熟义：v．＆n．跳)
Last week the price of goods jumped．(n．／v．大幅度上涨)
85．just(熟义：adv．正好；恰好)
You are a just person．(adj．公正的)
K
86．kid(熟义：n．小孩)
Take it easy．I'm just kidding．(v．开玩笑；欺骗)
87．kill(熟义：v．杀掉；害死)
That guy hangs around all day long，killing time．(V．消磨(时间))
L
88．late(熟义：adj．迟到的／地；晚的／地)
She missed her late husband very much．(adj．已故的)
89. lecture(熟义：v．／n．讲课；演讲)
Do stop lecturing me．(V．训斥；教训)
90．1ift(熟义：v．拾高)
Can yougive me a lift?(n．搭便车)
His report gave us a lift．(n．鼓舞)
91．1ose(熟义：V．失去；丢掉)
Please hurry!My watch loses 10 minutes．(vi．(钟表)慢(与gain相对))
92．1ot(熟义：n．量，批)
It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centrbs．(n．作某种用途的场地)
93. lay(熟义：vt．放置；产卵；下蛋)
The foundations of the house are being laid today．(v．铺；铺设)
94．1ast(熟义：adj．最后的)
M
95. marry(熟义：v．结婚，与某人结婚)
This poem marries theme and style well．(V．使紧密结合，使混为一体)
96. mean(熟义：v．意思是，意味着)
It's mean of you to eat up all the apples．(adj．自私的，卑鄙的，吝啬的)
97. mend(熟义：v．修理；修补)
The patient is still mending slowly after the operation．(v．痊愈；改善)
98. message(熟义：n．信息，口信)
I'd like to see a film with a message．(n.教益，寓意)．
99．might(熟义：modal v．或许)
I use all my might to open the door．(n．力量，权威)
100．multiply(熟义：乘；v．乘以；繁殖)
We can multiply our chances of success．(v．成倍增加；迅速增加)
N
101．note(熟义：n．笔记)
Learn the notes by heart．(n．台词)
I noted that her hands were dirty．(v．注意，特别指出，提及)
o
102. open(熟义：v．开aaj．开着，打开的)
They left the matter open．(adj．(问题，议事等)未解决的)，
103. operate(熟义：Vi．机器运转工作；做手术)
The medicine operated quickly．(vi．起作用)
104. otherwise(熟义：adv．否则；要不然)
(adv．在其他方面)
P
105. part(熟义：n．部分；零件，角色)
In order to raise money，he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions．(v.分手；放弃；卖掉)
106．position(熟义：n．位置；职位)．
What’s your position on the problem?(n．立场；观点)
107．promise(熟义：v．＆n．许诺)
The dark clouds promise rain．(v．有…的希望；使…有可能)
108．pronounce(熟义：v．发音)
The judge pronounced against her appeal．(v．宣称；宣布；判决)
109. put up(熟义：建设；张贴)
Could you put me up for the night?(留某人住宿)
110. pick up(熟义：拾起，捡起；偶然发现；弄到手；听到，得到(情报，知识)；康复，
增加(速度)
Trains picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day．(用车接某人)
111. possess(熟义：拥有)
A violent anger possessed him．(vt．(感情，情绪等)支配；控制)
R
112．rate(熟义：n．比率，速度)
These potatoes rate among the best．(v．对……作出评价；被认为，被评价为)
113．read(熟义：v．阅读)
I didn't read mother's thouglts at that time．(v．理解；领会)
114. reflect(熟义：v．映出；反射；表现)
I need time to reflect on your offer．(v．沉思；思考(on／upon))
115．round(熟义：prep．＆adv．环绕，围着adj．圆形的)
We are losing the game in the last round due t0 our complacency．(n．回合；局；轮；)
116．recover(熟义：v．恢复健康；痊愈)
He almost fell, but succeeded in recovering himself．(v．恢复；重新控制)
117．refresh(熟义：vt．使恢复精力)
Her words refreshed my memory．(、rt．提醒；提示；使想起；重新斟满；刷新)
118．relate(熟义：v．与一有关；相关)
I related my adventure to my family．(v．讲述)
119．remote(熟义：adj偏远的；偏僻的)
He is a remote relative of mine．(adj．关系较远的；远亲的)
120．repair(熟义v．／n．修理)
How can I repair the damage I have caused?(v．补救；弥补)
121．respect(熟义：vt。／n尊敬；敬意)
He has no respect for the feelings of others．(五重视；尊重；维护)
122．review(熟义：vt．复习)
She reviewed what had happened．(vt．回顾)
s
123．safe(熟义：adj．安全的)
He is a safe man。You can count on him．(adj．谨慎的；不冒险的)
124．say(熟义：vt．说)
Say that war breaks out，what will you do?(vt．假定，显示，表明)
125．see(熟义：v看到)
This century has seen two world wars．(vt．有--的经验，经历，体验)
126．shoulder(熟义：n．肩膀)
Young people should learn to shoulder the duty／blame．(v．承担)
127．sound(熟义：n．声音)
It is important to have a sound body．(adj．健全的)
My wife is a sound sleeper．(adj．酣睡的)
Your idea is very sound.中肯的，合理的
128. spare(熟义：adj.多余的；备用的；空余的v：吝惜；拨出，抽出)
He spared the thief．(v．饶恕；放过)
129. spring(熟义：n．春天；泉水)
Fast food restaurants are spring up all over the city.(v．猛然跳起；涌出)
130. steal(熟义：v．偷)
He stole a glance of her in the mirror．(v．快速或偷偷地取得)
131. strength(熟义：n．力气)
Maths is not my strength．(n．强项,优点，优势)
132. succeed(熟义：v．成功)
(v．继承) (v．继任)
134. surprise(熟义： V．&t使惊讶，惊奇)
Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight．(v．出奇不意地袭击或发现)
135. sympathy(熟义：n.同情)
Annie's sympathies lie firmly with the workers．(n．(p1．)赞同，支持)
136．satisfy(熟义：v．使满意；使满足)
She satisfied her hunger with an apple．(v．满足要求或需要等) 、
137．subject(熟义：n．话题)
The child is subjected to colds．(adj．易遭受…的)
subject sb to sth=expose sb to sth 使遭受，使经历
T
138．tie(熟义：vt．栓，系)
They tied with the visiting team in the game．(vi．打成平手)
139．twist(熟义：v．使弯曲变形)(v．(道路，河流等)曲折；蜿蜒)
140．travel(熟义：v．／n／旅行)
The news traveled fast.(v．以某速度传播)
U
141．undertake(熟义：v．承担；从事)
I can't undertake that you will make a profit．(v．承诺；允诺；答应)
V
142．vote(熟义：n．&v．投票，表决)
I vote that we go home．(V．(口语)建议)
143．vain(熟义：adj．徒然的；徒劳的；无结果的)
She is vain of her beauty．(adj．自负的；自视过高的)
W
144．walk(熟义：v．&n．行走；步行)
This society welcomes people from all walks 0f life．(n．行业(walk of life))
He is walking his dog.(vt.溜)
145. wander(熟义：v．漫游；游荡；漫步)
Don't wander from the point．(v．离开原处或正道)
Her thoughts wandered back to her youth．(V．走神；神志恍惚；思想开小差)
146．wear(熟义：vt．穿戴)
The girl always wears a happy smile．(vt．表露，流露，面带等)
147．weight(熟义：v．称……的重量；重达)
Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages of doing this!(v：权衡；斟酌)
148．weight(熟义：n．重量)
How much weight will be attached to his decision?(n．分量，重要性)
149．will(熟义：modal v．表将来或意愿)
He showed great strength of will．(n．意志力；意愿)
Where there is a will,there is a way. (n．意志力；意愿)
What did it say in the will?(n．遗嘱)
2．听力：技巧在心，词汇在脑。听力满分不是梦
1听力技巧
1、识别关键词的技巧
1）.透露说话人身份的关键词
如果考生可以通过关键词很快判断对话者的关系和身份，将有助于考生有目的地集中注意力，并在脑海中搜索相关背景知识，进一步加深对听力材料的理解。
例如：I just can’t believe you are a police officer，Kay. I remember in high school, you always wanted to be a lawyer.
如果考生意识到该对话中的关键词为in high school,那么他马上可以意识到这是两个老同学之间的对话。
又例如：Good morning, ladies and gentlemen . Welcome to Universal Studio. I’d like to guide you all the way in the amazing park and share the wonderful moments with you.
这段话的关键词是guide, park,从中考生可以推断说话人是导游。
以下是常见的对话者关系：
Husband——wife teacher——student Boss——employee waiter——customer Doctor——patient parents——kid
Classmates roommates Shop assistant——customer
2）.透露地点/场合的关键词
考生如果善于捕捉听力材料中的关于地点或场合(即语言环境)的关键词，也有助于他们判断听力材料的主题、说话人之间关系等等。如果对话中出现special price，那么对话很可能发生在商店；treatment，therapy等词可以透露出医患关系，以下是有关机场或者旅馆的关键词：
Check in入住登记check out结账porter搬luggage行李book a room预定房间double room双人房passenger乘客economy class经济舱business class公务舱runway跑道passport护照flight航班stewardess乘务员
3）.捕捉数字
许多听力材料中涉及数字，例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等，并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现，这就要求考生辨别各种形式的数字，还要熟悉数字之间的关系。例如：
减价：20% off，special offer，special price，25% discount，sale
原价：regular price，normal price
增长：10% increase in…1/3 climb in……
下降:23% fall in…5.5% decrease in…
要注意以下几点：
●根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间，如：befor e，after，the n，until，later，immediately等。
●听清楚有关数字和数字之间的关系，然后进行简单的计算，如：The lon g dis tance bus from Jinan to Qingdao usually takes 4 hours，but yesterday it to ok me two hours more because of the heavy traffic.??
Q：How long did it take him to get to Qingdao yesterday？??
●掌握年、月、星期的表达方法。注意一些表示时间的词，如：??
quarter，a couple of days，eve，dawn，day break.
3)Which /Who -question???
Who常用来提问说话人的身份，动作的执行者或接受者；Which主要对某种具体的事物进行提问。常见形式如下：??
Who is the speaker？??
Which subject will Jack take？??
Which language is Jack speaking？??
这类问题难度不大，有时文中直接给出答案，有时可以根据相关词判断。如：
Teacher/Student：class，exam，homework，part-time job.??
Salesman ：price，on sale，try on .??
Reporter：news，report.??
4)How-question???
主要提问：年龄、距离、速度、价格、数量等；说话人对事物的反应，动作的方式等。问题的主要形式如下：? How old is the man？
How long does it take them to get there if they take plane？?
How did the man go to Japan？?
How much did the man pay for the dress？?
How did they feel about the train？??
关于年龄、距离、速度等一般要进行简单的运算。考生除了要听清楚数字外，还要注意百分数、倍数等的数量词，如：double，half，dozen，couple，thirty percent，three times，century，etc.??
5)Why-question???
这类问题主要对原因进行提问，常与文中表示原因的句子形成因果关系。因此要注意because，for，since，as，insgroupsto，so that，to等引导的句子或短语。如：
You will hear：
The new universities were founded after the Second World War.A lot of students chose the new universities instead of Oxford.They became popular because of their advanced teaching methods.??
Q：Why did the new universities become popular？??
2、听力速记技巧
高考听力的第二部分Longer Conversation所占时间较长，如果考生能够培养一定的速记技巧，有助于保持部分听力内容，帮助记忆。毕竟高考的长篇对话时间并不算太长，高三考生只要进行初级的入门速记锻炼，不必把听到的所有内容写下来，只要捕捉一些关键性问题即可，比如时间、地点、数字以及相关信息等等。考生可以尝试以下技巧：
1）.运用速记符号 例如：↑up↓down←left→right=equal
2）.发明并运用字母的缩写形式
考生可以在平时训练时，本着便于记忆、快速、容易联想的原则，发明一些只需自己明白的字母搭配来表示相应的信息。例如：
Ex——expensive lg——large eq——earthquake ys——yesterday
通过运用这些字母和符号，帮助考生储存信息，帮助回忆。
3、时间运用技巧
1）.充分利用试卷刚发下来，听力还未播放的宝贵时间，阅读听力试题，并用铅笔在听力试题上画出重点(听力的试题部分考生可以在上面涂写，但是答卷部分禁止)。此刻考生可以运用预测技巧，对听力内容进行有的放矢的预测。
2）.建议考生在听力播放过程中在试题卷上答题，而不是直接写在电脑答卷上，以节约时间。
3）.切记对于没有听清的试题(尤其是PartA——short conversation)采取及时放弃的原则，即随便选择一个选项，把注意力集中到下一题，一定要抢在下一题播放之前，看完下一题的全部4个选项，千万不可纠缠于已播放好的前一题。
4、考点
(1) "转折"是考点：说话时，一般先陈述别人的观点、看法，然后用一个转折来叙述自己的想法。因此，转折之后常成为听力考试的考点，考生必须要紧抓转折后面的内容，才能准确答题。如：
What time is it now?
A. 7:50. B. 8:10. C. 8:30.
听力材料：
W: Let's Hurry up.
M: Why?
W: Class starts at 8:10.
M: But there's twenty minutes left.
根据 But 后面的内容就可推断出答案为 A。
(2) "建议、看法"是考点：有时，对话的一方感到忧虑不安，另一方提出建议，而这个建议往往就是考点，考生可不要忽视。如：
What will they do?
听力材料：
W: Oh, dear. What should I do?
M: Let's go over to ask the policeman.
不难看出，他们将去找警察。
(3) "否定"是考点：对"否定"的考查，主要体现在两个方面：一是考查对不同的观点、看法的理解；二是对形式否定而实则肯定的理解。如：
What does the man think of the hotel?
A. Too simple. B. Best here. C. Very poor.
听力材料：
W: The hotel is a little too simple.
M: however, you can't find a better one here.
从 can't…better 可知，男士认为"它在这个地方已经是最好的了"，于是答案选 B。
(4) "虚拟语气"是考点：虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反或相违背的情况。肯定的虚拟语气表示否定的意义，而否定的虚拟语气表示肯定的事实，对它的理解常是听力考试的考点。如：
What happened to the man?
A. He was chosen. B. He was not chosen. C. He would have been chosen.
听力材料：
Had you not made such a mistake, you would have been chosen, too.
根据听力材料的语气可知答案选 B.
(5) "数字"是考点：数字是听力考试的重要方面，主要包括时间、年龄、距离、日期、年代、人数、金额、速度、价格、电话号码、门牌号码、车牌号码、邮政编码、街道号码等。
(6) "情况、结论"是考点：某人或某事的情况以及对发生这种情况的结论都可成为听力考试中的考点。听力考试时，就要注意对情况、结论的把握。
(7) "比较等级"是考点：事物间的比较常是听力考试的考点，在听的过程中，必须注意形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的应用。
(8)"并列、递进"是考点：听力考试中常对并列的事物、递进的关系进行考查。因此，考生在听的过程中，应根据情况把握 and, or 等连接的事物以及对what's more, what's worse的理解。
(9)"举例"是考点：为了把问题说明得清楚、明白，常用举例说明，而举例就成为了听力考试的考点。考试时，考生就得注意for example, such as, for instance, like, namely, that is等词或短语。
(10) "地点、场所"是考点：地点、场所是听力考试的又一个重要方面，如家庭、学校、车上、车站、街道、商店、医院、餐馆、旅店、邮局、机场、码头、海关、银行、剧院等。对于地点、场所的考查一般须从谈话双方所谈的内容中来推测，因此，考生必须注意谈话中的关键词句。
(11) "人物及其关系"是考点：人物的身份、职业以及人物间的相互关系也是听力考试中的重要内容，如顾客与服务员、医生与病人、老师与学生、父母与孩子、警察与平民、老板与职员、夫妻之间、朋友之间、陌生人之间等。考生一方面要注意表示身份、职业的关键词，另一方面要注意说话中语气。
(12) "问题及回答"是考点：一般说来，问题是信息的提示点，而回答是听力考试的考点。但是，有时反问句用来表示说话人的态度、意图，从而也成为考点，考生应特别注意。
(13) "因果关系"是考点：谈话中，事情发生的原因和结果常是听力考试的考点，考生应注意原因的表达方式，如除 because 外，还有 since, as, for 等；表示结果的有 so, so that, as a result, in the end 等。
(14) "方式、方法和步骤"是考点：谈话常涉及事情发生的过程、方式、方法及步骤，而这些也就常成为了听力考试的考点，特别会在听力填空题中出现。
(15) "态度、目的和意图"是考点：对态度、目的、意图的考查，往往是对听力材料的深层理解的考查，考生一方面要注意谈话内容中的关键词句，另一方面要注意说话者的语音、语调及措词等。
2．场景词汇总结
（1）餐馆场景：
order 点菜 serve 上菜 change 零钱 Keep the change! 不用找零钱了！ tip 小费 treat 请客 （This is my treat! 我请客！）go Dutch AA制 (Let’s go fifty. ) steak 牛排 cheese奶酪 sandwich 三明治 bacon 腌肉 soup 汤 plain water 自来水（西餐中洗手用的）doughnut 多纳圈 appetizer 开胃物 dessert甜品，水果（作为正餐的最后一道） go out for dinner / dinner out 出去吃饭 snack bar 小吃街；大排挡 hamburger 汉堡包 coke 可口可乐 French fries 炸薯条 dining hall ; coffee shop ; restaurant ; cafeteria ; canteen; buffet 自助餐
（2）邮局场景：
stamp envelope package / parcel 包裹 overweight 超重 extra postage 额外邮资 send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信 express mail 快件 airmail 航空信件 surface mail 陆地邮寄open an account 开一个帐户
（3）图书馆场景：
library card; borrow; lend; keep; renew; bookshelf; novel; science fiction科幻小说；magazine; periodical期刊； reference book; librarian 图书管理员 pay a fine 交罚款 Can I help you? / What can I do for you?
（4）医院及健康场景：
aspirin 阿司匹林 regular doctor 私人医生 emergence department 急诊室 ICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房 treatment 治疗手段 take one’s temperature / blood pressure 测量体温/血压 medicine: pills / tablets药丸/药片 heart attack 心脏病 cold / flu 流感：have/catch a cold; pain; headache; stomach-ache; backache; sore-throat喉咙痛 cough; fever。What’s up? (多用于男生之间)How is it going? How are you? 回答：I’m fine. / I feel good/terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。 I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。 （注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快； 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。）
（5）电话场景：
operator 接线员 Extension six two six, please. 请转6226。 The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。long distance call 长途电话 collect call 对方付费的电话 put through 接通电话 hold on / up Hold the line, please. Hello! This is … speaking. Who’s speaking? / who is this? call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb. ; give sb. a call/ ring I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again. I couldn’t get through. Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.
（6）酒店场景：
make a reservation 预定房间 reception desk 接待处 check in 入住 check out 结帐 single room 单间 suite套间 Do you have a reservation Sir? Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?)有空房间吗？All the room are occupied. 房间已满。Can I have a suite please? How much do you charge for that? Smoking or no smoking? Meals included. 包括饮食。Can I show you your room? / Can I carry your luggage?
3．常用词汇总结
1. 科目
中文Chinese
英语English
日语Japanese
数学math
生物biology
地理geography
政治politics
历史history
化学chemistry
物理physics
体育P.E.
电脑computer
音乐music
文化culture
经济economy
人口population
工业industry
农业agriculture
技术technology
科学science
绘画painting
电影movie
政治的political
IT工程 IT technology
2、星期
Seven days： Abb.
Sunday Sun. Monday Mon.
Tuesday Tue. Wednesday Wed（s）.
Thursday Thu. Friday Fri.
Saturday Sat.
3. 月份
一月~十二月
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
4. 天气
大风的windy
阳光灿烂的sunny
多云的cloudy
多雨的rainy
有风暴的stormy
大雾的foggy
有雪的snowy
强风strong winds
天气weather
气候climate
5. 钱币单位
英镑pound
美元dollar
便士penny
便士 (pl.) Pence
法郎Franc
6. 运动
足球football
篮球basketball
排球volleyball
羽毛球badminton
兵乓球table-tennis
网球 tennis
游泳 swimming
跑步 running
去远足go hiking
7. 名胜
白金汉宫
Buckingham Palace
颐和园
The Summer Palace
长城 the Great Wall
白宫 the White House
8．职业
宇航员astronaut
医生doctor
老师teacher
厨师cook / chef
毕业生graduate
售货员shop assistant
司机driver
图书管理员librarian
科学家scientist
教授professor
工人worker
打字员typist
商人businessman
士兵soldier
船长captain
服务员（男）waiter
服务员（女）waitress
校长headmaster
农场主farmer
农民peasant
老板boss
经理manager
歌手singer
音乐家musician
导游 guide
警察 police
舞蹈员dancer
病人patient
政府公务员
Government official
军官，高级职员 officer
男售货员 salesman
女售货员 saleswoman
9. 亲属
父母parents
爷爷grandpa
奶奶grandma
姐姐sister
弟弟brother
侄子nephew
侄女niece
爸爸father
妈妈mother
姨母aunt
叔父uncle
10.食物/一餐
orange juice橙汁
milk牛奶
bread面包
hamburger汉堡包
frozen vegetables冷冻蔬菜
steak牛排
ice tea冰茶
grains粮食
soft-boiled eggs半熟的鸡蛋
fruits水果
smoked foods烟熏食品
meat肉
breakfast早餐
lunch午餐
supper晚餐
meal正餐
11. 场所
餐馆restaurant
超市supermarket
图书馆library
机场airport
博物馆museum
银行bank
饭堂dinning hall
展览厅exhibition hall
火车站railway station
大学university
学院college
五星级宾馆
Five-star hotel
剧院theater
商店department store
电影院cinema
地铁underground
医院hospital
12. 疾病/人体描述
头痛 headache
牙痛 toothache
发烧 fever
胃痛 stomachache
喉咙痛 sore throat
心脏病heart disease
癌症cancer
检查 examine
胸 chest
肩 shoulder
中等身材 average
胖的fat
瘦的 thin
矮的 short
棕色头发brown hair
13.其它词
Safe 安全的
Clear 清楚的
Tourism 旅游业
Different不同的
Difference不同
Energy能量
Happiness快乐
Exercise练习
Experience经验
Traffic交通
Beach海滩
对话理解中常涉及到地点的关键词以及特殊表达
Restaurant: What would you like to order?
Would you like to see the menu?
May I have the bill, please?
What do you want for a drink?
A table for two?
Reserve a table.
dessert（甜品）, course（一道菜）, beef, steak, mutton, chicken, port, salad, cabbage, potato, tomato
身份/关系：waiter/waitress and the customer
Hotel: check in, check out, double room, single room, room number,
service counter, suit（套间），reservation（预定）, tip, receptionist
身份/关系：receptionist and customer/guest
porter and customer/guest
Department store/fashion/boutique: size or color, dress, price, socks, style, sell out,, try on
身份/关系：sales clerk and customer
post office: mail a letter, postage（邮资），stamp(邮票)，envelope（信封）, package/parcel（包裹），registered mail（挂号邮件），express mail(特快邮件)，airmail（航空邮件）
身份/关系：post clerk and customer
library: borrow a book, return a book, the book is due（所借书到期），
renew（续借），catalog（目录卡片），magazine, shelf, fine（罚款）
身份/关系：librarian and student/reader
railway station: platform（月台）, train number（车次）, single ticket（单程车票）, return ticket（往返车票），booking/ticket office
身份/关系：ticket conductor(售票员) and passenger
airport: flight number（航班号）, take off, gate number（登机厅门号）, see sb. off, safety belt, land, luggage (行李)
hospital(clinic): prescribe some medicine(开药)，run a fever（发烧），
take the temperature（量体温），sore throat（嗓子疼）, cough（咳嗽），pills/tablets（药片）,operation, bad cold, disease, ill, pain, hurt, examine
身份/关系：doctor/ physician/ assistant and patient
bank: open an account（开帐户），draw/ withdraw money(取钱)，deposit/savings（存款），interest on the savings（存款利息），check, cash(兑换现金)，teller（出纳）
身份/关系：bank clerk and customer
值得关注的惯用法：
take it easy（不忙/别着急）；
It’s out of the question（不可能）； It’s out of question（没问题）；
I can’t agree with you more（我举双手赞成）；
It’s up to you（这事取决于你/由你来定）；
Don’t take it for granted（不要想当然地那样认为）；
It depends（视情况而定）；
no way（没门/不可能）
特殊词汇：
Quarter, dozen, score, fortnight,
3．任务型读写：熟记概括性词汇，注意词形变化。任务型读写也能得高分
1解题策略 应试指导
1解题思路：
一、通读短文知大意（通读全文）
读懂文章是解题的第一环节，也是关键的一步。读懂了短文，才能顺利地在表格中填出相关信息。平时训练中要提醒学生了解文章结构以及段落之间的逻辑关系，关注主题句，把握文章主旨。
二、理解结构是基础（理解结构）
结构指的是文章的结构和表格的结构。理清短文主体结构，了解短文的写作思路和线索结构，有助于加深对篇章内容的理解，同事短文的结构往往也是很重要的命题线索。
三、正确表达是关键（正确表达）
这是解题训练的重点所在。确定了答案的内容，只是解题的一部分，要想正确，还需要注意以下几点：
1， 表达的正确性
注意拼写及语法知识。
a)拼写正确。
b)动词的适当形式过去式、过去分词和现在分词第三人称单数。
c)名词的性、数、格。
d)形容词的比较级和最高级。
e)词的限定。
f)字母的大小写。
同时还特别要注意工整对称性，要注意和已填部分的形式保持一致。
2， 表达的概括性
任务型阅读的重点是考察学生综合归纳语言的能力。大多数题目在行标题和列标题都设有空，要求学生归纳概括信息。这个部分难度不大，但要提醒学生关注如：place, time, reason,process,instruction,cause,fact,attitude,way,suggestion, effect 等具有概括性的词语，要教给学生归纳演绎的能力。
3， 表达的灵活性
有时原文中没有直接可用来填空的词，而是需要文章根据意思来重新表达，这就要求学生能灵活地根据句子意思总结出一个词或进行表达上的转换。
转换类常用句型：
1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades
2. take advantage of = make use of
3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents
4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with
5. consider … = take … into consideration / account
6. at the beginning = at first
7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for
8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history
9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job
4， 书写的规范性
在做完题目后，需要提醒学生一定要注意书写正确，规范，工整，容易辨认。千万不能因为大小写和抄写错误而扣分。
2概括性词汇
标题、题目title
话题topic
主题（思想）theme
定义、解释、说明definition of sth.
观点ideas/opinions of sth./views on sth.
理由reason（s） for (doing) sth.
起因cause（s） of (doing) sth.
way(s) of doing sth.=way(s) to do sth.做某事的方法
过程process/course/procedure
procedure步骤
结果result(s)/consequence(s) of sth.
结论conclusion（一般放在文章最后一节）
解决方法solution（s） to (doing) sth.
现象phenomenon（单数形式）/phenomena（复数形式）
因素factor（s）
建议tip(s) on sth./advice on sth./suggestion(s) on sth.
说明书instruction（s） for (doing sth.
优点、好处advantage（s）benefits of sth.
缺点、坏处disadvantage/disadvantages (of sth.)
影响effect(s) on sth. ;influence(s)
积极的/肯定的/正面的方面positive aspects
消极的/否定的/反面的方面negative aspects
损失/损害damage/harm
地点place/location
情况situation（s）
事情/事件event(s)
内容content(s)
起源origin of sth.
来源、根源 source(s) of sth
资源 resources
概要summary of sth.
态度attitude(s) towards/to sth.
评论comment on sth.
分析analysis/analyses
问题problem(s)
质量quality
数量quantity
功能fun_ction
证据evidence
百分比percent(单复数同形)
项目item(s)
方面aspect(s) of sth.
背景background
情节plot
时间time/when
阶段period/stage(s)
日期date
特点characteristic（s）/feature(s)
目的aim(s) of sth./goal(s) of sth./intention(s) of
sth/target(s) of sth /purpose(s) of sth
ways of (doing) sth /methods of (doing) sth做某事的方法
means of transport/transportation交通的手段
means of transportation
措施measure(s) /step(s)
种类/类型kind(s) of sth. /type(s) of sth.
物种species
比较comparison
国籍nationality
技能skill（s）
成就achievement（s）
全面发展all-round development
区别difference（s）
相似similarity/similarities
介绍introduction to sth.
instruction for (doing) sth.……的说明
3词汇变形
动词变名词
v+ ment 结尾
achieve---achievement 成就
advertise--- advertisement// advertising
agree— agreement
apartment 公寓
amusement 娱乐
argue---argument争吵
commit奉献—commitment
develop---development
disgree—disagreement
department 局，部
experiment 实验，试验
equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材
govern 统治—government 政府
manage---management 经营 管理
2．V+ tion 结尾
admit 承认—admission
attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方
conclude—conclusion 结论
compete—competition 竞争，比赛
discuss—discussion 讨论
educate-----education
decide----decision
describe—description描写，描绘
express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式
graduate 毕业—graduation
operate 操作，动手术—operation
organize----organization
imagine—imagination 想象力
introduce—introduction 介绍
instruct—instruction 指导， 介绍
invent—inventor / invention
invite—invitation
pollute----pollution 污染
predict---prediction 预言
pronounce ---pronunciation
impress 给人印象—impression 印象
permit 允许-----permission
suggest-建议，暗示--suggestion
solve解决-----solution 解决方法
3．V+ ance 结尾
allow—allowance 允许
appear—appearance 外貌 ，出现
perform----performance 演出
exist—existance 存在
4．V+ ing 结尾
bathe 洗澡---bathing
end 结束----ending 结尾，结局
train 训练---training
mean ---- meaning 意义
say-----saying 谚语
5．V+ 其他
Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐
sit--seat 座位
employ--employer 雇主，老板
--employee雇员
believe—belief 信仰
behave 行为，举止----behavior know---knowledge
fly—flight 飞行
heat 加热---heat 热量
hit 撞击------hit 轰动一时的人或物，碰撞
mix 混合-----mixture 混合物
press 按，压—pressure 压力
receive—receptionist 接待员
serve—service 服务
succeed-- success
tour 在-----旅游，在-----作巡回演出 直接+地点 tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 游客
propose—proposal 建议
withdraw—withdrawal 取钱；收回；撤退
survive—survival--survivor 幸存者
arrive-- arrival到达
analyze—analysis 分析
名词变形容词
1名词+y
anger 生气-----angry
honest—honesty 诚实的
hunger---hungry
fog—foggy有雾的
fur----furry 毛皮的
guilt 罪恶---guilty 内疚的
health---healthy
luck---lucky
cloud---cloudy
wind—windy
rain---rainy
snow---snowy
sun—sunny
tourist------touristy 游客多的
business---busy
salt 盐--- salty 咸的
shine---shiny 发亮的
silk 丝绸—silky 丝绸般的
sleep---sleepy 昏昏欲睡的
taste 口味，品味------tasty 甜的
2.名词+ ed
balance –balanced 平衡的
spot 斑点，地点----spotted 有斑点的
talent-----talented 有天赋的
organized 有组织的
crowded 拥挤的
polluted 被污染的
pleased 高兴的
3．名词+ ful/less
meaning—meaningful 有意义的
care—careful/ careless 小心的；粗心的
help---helpful / helpless
home—homeless 无家可归的
colour---colourful
pain 疼痛---painful 痛苦的
use---useless/ useful
thank—thankful 充满感激的
peace 和平 ---- peaceful 平静的，宁静的
playful 顽皮的，爱玩耍的
4．名词+ able
adjustable 可调整的
comfort---comfortable
knowledge---knowledgeable
suit 一套-----suitable 合适的
5.名词+ ous
courage—courageous 勇敢的
danger—dangerous
mystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的
6.ce 变 t
confidence----confident
difference---different
dependence—dependent independence—independent
7. al 结尾
Addition—additional 附加的，额外的
Class—classical 经典的
medicine 药----medical 医学的
music---musical
nature---natural 自然的
person---personal (私人的)
nation—national 国家的
education---educational有教育意义的
tradition----traditional 传统的
origin起源---original 新颖的；独创的
grammar—grammatical 语法的
globe—global 全球的
8．名词+ ly
friend—friendly
live---lively 活跃的，有生气的
love—lovely 可爱的
9.+ en 结尾
wood—wooden 木制的
wool—woolen 羊毛的
10. 其他
energy精力---energetic
strategy—strategic 战略的
fool 傻子—foolish 愚蠢的
freedom 自由—free 空的， 免费的
height 高度—high
illness 疾病--- ill
love—loving 慈爱的
death---dead
pleasure---pleasant / pleased
popularity 流行性—popular
pride---proud
scientist----scientific 科学的
形容词变副词
形容词+ ly
bad—badly
bright—brightly 明亮地
casual—casually 随意地
clear—clearly 清楚地
complete—completely 完全
correct---correctly 正确地
final--finally
fortunate—fortunately幸运地
general—generally 一般来讲
loud—loudly
particular 特殊的，独特的—particularly
polite—politely
proper 合适的-，恰当的---properly
main------mainly 主要地
most 多数-----mostly 多半，大多数
normal---normally 正常地
quick—quickly
quiet—quietly 轻轻地，安静地
real—really
recent 最近的----recently 最近；近来
hard 难的；努力地---hardly 几乎不
late 迟的—lately 最近；近来
sad--sadly
slow---slowly
special—specially 专门，特殊地
specific---specifically 特定地，明确地
strong—strongly 坚决地， 强烈地
2. 以le 结尾的 去e + y
comfortable---comfortably
gentle—gently
possible---possibly
simple ----simply 仅仅；只；简单地
terrible---terribly
3. 辅音字母+ y 变 ily
easy—easily
heavy—heavily
happy--happily
4.特殊
good—well好地 well 身体健康的 ，井
true—truly
形容词变名词
efficient有效率的—efficiency 效率
patient—patience/impatience
dependent—dependence依赖性
independent—independency 独立性
true—truth
high—height
wide—width
long—length
possible—possibility
responsible—responsibility
urgent—urgency 紧急
形容词变动词
modern—modernize social--socialize
fast--fasten short/shorten
long—lengthen—length(n.) wide--widen
less--lessen strong—strengthen—strength(n.)
large—enlarge
名词变动词
computer—computerize
名词---形容词—副词
beauty 美，美人—beautiful—beautifully
care—careful—carefully
care—careless—carelessly
difference---different---differently
fortune—fortunate—fortunately/unfortunately
happiness—happy—happily
hunger—hungry--hungrily
health—healthy—healthily
luck—lucky—luckily
noise—noisy—noisily
pride—proud—proudly骄傲地
sadness—sad—sadly
safety 安全；安全的地方—safe—safely
silence—silent---silently 默默地
success—successful—successfully
truth—true—truly
unluck—unlucky—unluckily
wonder 奇迹—wonderful—wonderfully
方位的词 名词—形容词
East—eastern
West—western
South—southern
North---northern
In the west of China
In the western part of China
四大洲 名词-----形容词
Asia 亚洲–---- Asian Africa 非洲----- African
Europe欧洲----- European America 美洲-----American
4.句型转换
1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades 2. take advantage of = make use of
3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents
4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with
5. consider … = take … into consideration / account 6. at the beginning = at first
7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for
8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history
9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans have been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job.
10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing
11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively
12. encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in/ play a role in quite activities
13. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones
14.valuable information = information of great value
15.understand clearly = have a clear understanding of sth.
16.affect = have an effect / influence / impact on sth.
17.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference
18. kills sb. = sth. costs sb. sth. = claim one’s life
19. make an apology = apologize to sb.
20.be over = end = put …to an end 21.despite = in spite of
22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up
23.online = on the Internet 24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens
25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at
26.explain sth. = make an explanation
27.offer sth. to sb. = provide / supply sth. for sb.
28.besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from
29. be better than = be superior to
30. approve of = subscribe to = be in favor / support of = favor sth.
31.have access to = be acceptable / accessible / available to
32.stop = quit = give up 33.compensate for = make up for 34.in part = partly
35.every year = yearly = annually 36.use up = run out of (主动)
37.run out = give out = be used up (被动) 38.be accused of = be charged with
39.most of the people = the majority of the people
40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….
41.starve to death = die of hunger/ starvation
42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary
43.socially responsible = social responsibility
44.sth. benefit sb. = be beneficial to sb. = be of benefit to = sb. benefit from sth .
45.commit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.
46.make full use of = make the most of
4．书面表达：十大模板，八大话题，十句搞定高考英语书面表达
高级词汇，高级结构，向高考英语书面表达要高分
1. 十大模板
模板一：对比观点题型
The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).
From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice.
模板二：阐述主题题型
The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．
In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
模板三：解决方法题型
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.
First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).
模板四：说明利弊题型
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(Ａ的优点之一). Besides -------------------（Ａ的优点之二）.
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(Ａ的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二个缺点)．
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．)
模板五：不同观点列举型（议论文选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______.? On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
模板六：利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______.? And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition,? ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
模板七：答题性议论文
?? Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
?? As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
?? Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
模板八：谚语警句性议论文
??? It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
??? A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
??? With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
??模板九：?图表作文
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Your address
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Month, Date, year
模板十：实用性写作（申请信 )
Receiver's address
Dear ...,
I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.
??? .../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.
??? I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.
??? Best regards for your health and success.
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Sincerely yours,
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? X X X
2：八大话题
话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣
Spare time(业余时间), favorite(最喜欢的), Interest(兴趣), hobby(爱好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(也小说), play football/basketball(打足球/篮球), surf the internet(上网), chat online(在线聊天), play games(玩游戏), collect stamps(集邮), make e-friends(交网友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV(看电视), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),be interested in(对…感兴趣), develop an interest in(在…方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢…),be keen on(喜欢…), have love for(喜爱…), have a taste in(对…有兴趣) 等。
话题二：劳动与劳动观念
Work(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生产), worker(工人), labor force(劳动力), labor(劳动), voluntary labor(义务劳动)，serve the people(为人民服务)，heart and soul(全心全意)，physical labor(体力劳动), mental labor(脑力劳动), labor viewpoint(劳动观念), labor Day(劳动节), workday(工作日), means of labor(劳动方式),? honorable(光荣的), be devoted to(奉献于..), value(价值), earn money(赚钱) , personal interests(个人利益)等。
话题三：创建和谐社会
harmonious(和谐的), friendly(友好的), civilized(文明的), honest(真诚的), credible (诚信的), be public-spirited(有公德心的), balanced(平衡的), be in order(有序的), peaceful(和平的), live in harmony(生活和谐), sustainable development(可持续发展)等，help each ether(互助), care for each other(互相关心), have deep love for (热爱), be concerned with (关心), build(创建), cherish(珍惜), take an active part in(积极参与), pay attention to social moral(讲究社会公德), protect the environment(保护环境), save energy(节省能源)等。No pains, no gains.??? 不劳无获。…can be achieved by hard wok.??? …可以通过劳动获得。It is difficult to find work in the present situation.??? 在当前形势下，很难找到工作。It is honorable to …??? …是光荣的。If everyone … for others and the society, our world will be …如果每个人为他人和社会做…， 我们这个世界将会…。Every one should … and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strong country.每个人应该 …，为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。
话题四：招聘与求职
employ(雇佣), look for(寻找), take in(吸纳), full-time(全职的), part-time(兼职的), well-paid(薪水高的), be paid by the hour(按小时发工资), requirement(要求), résumé(个人履历),schooling(受教育情况), subjects(课程), working experience(工作经历), qualification(合格证明), transcript (成绩单), health(健康状况), present address(现在通讯地址)等，apply for(申请…), graduate from(毕业于), major in(以…为专业), degree(学位), scholarship(奖学金), good grades(良好的成绩), hobby(爱好), favorite(最喜欢的), be skilled in(在…方面熟练), be good at(擅长…), experienced(有经验的), confident(自信的), English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力), healthy(健康的)等。
话题五：中学生的健康问题
Physical and mental condition(身体与精神状态), strong(强壮的), un/healthy(不健康/健康的), overweight/fat(肥胖的), thin(瘦的), near/short-sighted(近视的), mentally unhealthy(精神不健全的), normal(正常的), abnormal(不正常的), energetic(精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit(不健康的饮食习惯), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)等，Stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康), build up one’s body/ improve one’s' health(强身健体), enough sleep(充足的睡眠), take regular exercise(进行有规律的运动), roper diet(合理的饮食), good living habits(良好的生活习惯), lose weight(减肥), remove heavy burdens(减轻负担), be good for/do good to(对…有益处), nutrition(营养), go on diet(节食), form a … eating habit(养成一个…的饮食习惯) Breathe in as much fresh air等。
话题六：环境保护
Pollute（污染），Waste is scattering here and there.（到处撒满了废弃物），protect the environment(保护环境) ，send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air（散发出烟和有毒气体），cut down trees(砍伐树木)， pour waste water into the rivers（把废水注入河流），It is a shame to throw rubbish around. （乱扔垃圾是可耻的），form good habits to protect the surroundings（养成良好的习惯来保护环境）， take active measures to protect rare animals(采取积极措施保护稀有动物)， take good care of our forests（关心我们的森林），plant more trees to improve the environment （多植来改善环境），The terrible pollution have done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. (可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。)
话题七：校园文明与安全问题
School rules and regulations(学校规章制度),obey(遵守), observe(遵守), keep/observe discipline(遵守纪律), behave well(表现良好),be neatly dressed(穿戴整洁), respect one’s? teachers and parents(尊敬师长), be on time(准时), keep the environment clean(保持环境干净), civilized(文明的) break the rules(违反规章制度), discipline(纪律), spit(吐痰), throw rubbish everywhere(乱扔垃圾), cheat in the exam(考试作弊), get in line (插队), fight with sb.(与…打架), punish sb. for (因…处罚某人)等。The students are told not to break any of the rules of the school. 学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。The students are expected to …??? 学校期望学生…。It must be made clear that the students should …??? 必须明确的一点是，学生应该…。?? … is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society.?? …对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。It is worthy of praise to ...??? …是值得表扬的。It is shameful to …??? …是可耻的。What we should do is that …??? 我们应该做的事情是…
话题八：友谊
get to know sb.(认识某人), know sb. really well(熟知某人), make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友), a strong personality (一个很强的个性), personal matters(隐私), friendship(友谊), friendly(友好的),? a close friend(一个亲密的朋友), trust each other (相互信任), precious(珍贵的), worthy(有价值的), understanding(通情达理的), share …with sb.(与…分享…), be loyal to(对…忠诚), keep in touch with sb. (与…保持联系), keep company with sb.(和…结交), stay best friends with sb. (和…保持很好的友谊)等。在描述此话题时常用的句型有：
1.? Friends give us …??? 朋友给予我们…。
2.? A good friend is someone you can …??? 一位好朋友就是一个我们能够…的人。
3.? The first time I met …, he was …??? 当我第一次遇到…的时候，他…。
4.? Friendship plays an important part in …??? 友谊在…中扮演一个重要角色。
5.? You can … to be a good friend.??? 你可以…来成为别人的好朋友。
6.?? We can turn to ... when we feel down. 当我们心情糟糕时，可以求助于…。
7.? … makes a good friend.??? …成就好朋友。
8.? A friend in need is a friend indeed.??? 患难见真知。
9.? ... is one of the things people value most in a friend.?
… 是人们在朋友身上最重视的东西。
10.?? … have a friend of … years with sb.? … 与… 有 着…年的友情。
3．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek替换want / look for
They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.
5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
The film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.
7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
8．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for you help. →
We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
9．the case替换 true
I don’t think it is the case ( true ).
10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →
On his arrival, he began his research..
11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.
12．cover替换walk/read
After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.
13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).
15．come to light替换discover
The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →
The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.
16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).
17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)
19．be of + n. 替换adj.
The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.
20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.
21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but (had to) go home.
22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.
23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →
I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.
24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
I want to see you very much. →
I am long to see you.
25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.
26．more than替换very
① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )
② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)
27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).
28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?
29．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )
30．in the course of替换during
In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.
31．the majority of替换most
The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.
32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.
33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken
① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
34．become of替换 happen
What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?
35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as
37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing
42．a handful of替换a little / some
43．meanwhile替换at the same time
44．get to one’s feet替换stand up
45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while
47．for instance替换for example
48．seldom替换not often
49．wealthy替换 rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
4．高级句型结构
◆ It句型
① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.
② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, bec
(本人原创，未经本人同意，一般人我不告诉他)
目录
1．词汇：通过高考英语熟词生义词关
2．听力：技巧在心，词汇在脑。听力满分不是梦
3．任务型读写：熟记概括性词汇，注意词形变化。任务型读写也能得高分
4．书面表达：十大模板，八大话题，十句搞定高考英语书面表达
高级词汇，高级结构，向高考英语书面表达要高分
1．词汇：通过高考英语熟词生义词关
1.例举高考英语熟词生义词真题：
1.We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_____ very well．
A．worked out B．tried out
C．went on D．carried on
正确答案为A。此处work out的词义为“（情况）发展……”、“进行……”。其余干扰项的干扰作用都很大。如果没有完全掌握work out的含义，根本无法选定这个选项，更何况，我们的课本根本未有把work out作“（情况）进展”、“进行”解释过。单选题如此，阅读理解、完形填空等题中熟词生义现象更是比比皆是。
2.Encourage your children to try new things. But try not to_______them too hard.
A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push(逼迫，敦促)
本来push表示推的意思。
3.If you leave the club, you will not be _______back in.
A. received B. admitted(准许进入，准许加入俱乐部，组织等；接收入学) C, turned D. moved admit 本来表示承认
4.-Do you have enough to _______all your daily expenses?
-Oh ,yes, enough and to spare..(闲置的，不用的，闲钱)
A. cover (钱足够----之用) B. spend C, fill D. offer
5.Some parents are just too protective. They want to _______their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot B. dismiss C, shelter( 保护，庇护) D. distinguish
Shelter 本意：居所，住处，遮蔽物，庇护处
6.The fact that she never apologized________a lot about what kind of person she is .
A. says (显示，表明) B. talks C. appears D. declares
7.Though having lived abroad for years , many Chinese still ________the traditional customs.
A. perform B. possess C. observe(遵守规则，法律等) D. support
8．I can still remember he was always wearing (流露，面带)a smile and willing to help.
2．常考的熟词生义169组
A
1．absent(熟义：adj．缺席的)
He looked at me in all absent way．(adj．茫然的，恍惚的)
2．abuse(熟义：v．滥用；漫骂)
She is quite a successful career woman，but actually she's much abused at home．(v．虐待)
4．ache(熟义：v．＆n．疼痛) He was aching for home．(v．渴望)
5. act(熟义：V．＆n．行动)
lt takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act．(vi．起作用)
6．address(熟义：n．地址v．写地址)
It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting．(vt．向……发表演说；
直接向…,一说话)
8. against(熟义：prep．逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰)
The picture looks nice against the white wall．(prep．映衬)
9. age(熟义：n．年龄)
Worry aged him rapidly．(v．(使)变老)
10. air(熟义：n．空气)
Don’t air your troubles too often．(V．抒发；倾诉；播送)
Tere was a comfortable air about her room．(n．样子，神态，气氛)
11. alone(熟义：adv．单独地，一个人地)
She alone was able to answer the question． (adv．仅仅，只有)
12．amount(熟义：n．量)
The cost amounted to $200．(v．(to)共计，达到)
What you have said amounts to a plain refusal．(v．相当于)
13．announce(熟义：宣布)
A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring．(vt．显示，预告)
14．appreciate(熟义：v．欣赏；感激；感谢)
I appreciate that I may be wrong．(V．意识到(realize))
15．attend(熟义：v．出席；参加)
The nurse attended to him day and night．(v．看护；治疗；陪同)
16．accompany(熟义：vt．陪伴；伴奏)
Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain．(v．伴随)
17．allow(熟义：v．允许)
This diet allows you one glass of wine a day．(vt．使可能)
18．approach(熟义：vt．靠近；接近)
I approached him about filling the manager's job．(v．接洽；建议；要求)
19. available(熟义：adj．可得到的；可找到的)
The worthy professor is now available． (adj．(人)有空的)
B
20．become(熟义：v．变得，变成)
Her new hat certainly becomes her．(vt．适于，适合)
21．behavior(熟义：n．举止；行为)
The behavior 0f this computer is moderately good．(n．性能，特点)
22．blank(熟义：adj．空白的n．空白)
The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look．(adj．没表情的；空虚的；没兴趣的)
I call not think where I've left my umbrella；my mind's a complete blank!(n．记忆中的空白，遗忘)
23．blue(熟义：adj．＆n．蓝色)
His songs always make me feel blue．(adj．忧伤的)
24. bare(adj．熟义：裸露的)
He likes to bare his heart／soul with his close friends．(vt．向某人袒露心声)
25．bear(熟义：vt．忍受；容忍)
He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the sears．(v．显示；带有)
26．bound(熟义：a由．一定会)
I don't like being desk—bound all day．(adj．受…约束的)
C
27． cause(熟义：v．致使)
We are struggling for revolutionary cause．(n．事业)
28．celebrate(熟义：vt．庆祝)
He celebrated her for her courage．(vt．称颂，赞扬)
29．climate(熟义：n．气候)
The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting．(n．风气；思潮；倾向)
30．cloudy(熟义：adj．阴的，多云的)
Who did is still remains cloudy．(adj．不明朗的，不清晰的)
31．coach(熟义：n．教练)
She coached me in English．(v．辅导，指导)
32．count(熟义：n．&v．计算，数)
(1)There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers．(vt．包括)
(2)It is not how much you read but what you read that counts．(vt．有价值，重要)
(3)She was counted among the greatest dancers．(vt．以为，视为)
33．couple(熟义：n．一对，一双；一对夫妇或情侣)
The dining car was coupled onto the last coach．(v．联合，连接)
34．course(熟义：n．课程；过程)
The main course was a vegetable stew．(n．一道菜)
35．cross(熟义：v．跨越，横穿n．十字)
Don't be cross with him——after all，he meant to help．(adj．生气的)
36．case(熟义：n．情况；状况)
There are three cases of fever in school．(n．病例；案例)
37．casual(熟义：adj．偶然的；随意的)
He was employed as a casual laborer．(adj．临时的)
38．cater(熟义：v．为社交活动提供饮食；承办酒席)
TV must cater for many different tastes．(v．满足需要；迎合)
39．challenge(熟义：v．挑战)
I challenged him to a game of chess (v．强烈建议某人干某事)
40．chance(熟义：n．机会)
She chanced to be in when he called．(V．碰巧)
41．charge(熟义：v．索价，收费；指控；控告)
Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby’．(V。赋予…责任或义务)
42．clean(熟义：adj．干净的)
I clean forgot about n(adv．彻底地；完全地)
43．consume(熟义：vt．消耗；消费)
The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood．(Vt．烧毁；毁灭)
D
44．damage(熟义：v．&n．损坏)
He chimed $7000 damages from the taxi company．(n．赔偿金(复数)=compensation)
45．dawn(熟义：n拂晓v．破晓，天亮)
The truth began to dawn on him．(v．开始明白)
46．desert(熟义：n．沙漠)
He deserted his wife and children and went abroad．(V．抛弃，离弃)
47．develop(熟义：v．发展；开发；研制)
Did you have the films developed?(v：冲印)
develop a disease／a habit(v．逐渐形成)
sure enough，most of the plants developed the disease(vt．患病；出现问题)
48．difficult(熟义：adj．困难的)
(adj.难以取悦的，不易满足的)
49．dismiss．(熟义：v．解雇，开除)
He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic． (v．拒绝考虑(某观点等))
50．drive(熟义：v．驾驶)
Hunger drove her to steal．(V．迫使某人(做不好或不快的事))
51．divorce(熟义：v．与某人离婚)
You cann’t divorce science from ethical questions．(v．使分离；使脱离)
52．draw(熟义：v．画；拖；拉)
What moral are we to draw from the story?(v．获得，取得，推断出)
E
53．engage(熟义：、rt．从事)
A personal computer engages his interest now．(vt吸引)
54．excuse(熟义：n．借口v．原谅)
He was excused from piano practice．(v．免除某人的职责)
55．express(熟义：v．表达)
His express wish was that you should come here by air．(adj．明确的)
Is there an express from№njing to Shahgllai?(n．快车)
56．encourage(熟义:vt．鼓励；激励)
Good health encourages clear thinking．(v．促进，助长，刺激)
57．escape(熟义：v．逃跑；逃脱)
His name escapes me for the moment．(v．被忘掉；被忽视)
58．explode(熟义：v．爆炸爆裂)
I'm about to explode!He broke my violin．(v．勃然大怒；大发雷霆)
59．exploit(熟义:V．开发；开采；剥削)
You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things．(v．利用)
F
60．fail(熟义：v．失败)
Our water supply failed．(v．不足；缺乏)
He is failing in health．／His health is failing．(v．衰退，衰弱)
He failed to lend her a hand．(v．未能)
Words failed him．(vt．使失望；有负于)
61．fill(熟义：v．填满)
His answer did not fill our need．(vt．满足)
62．fine(熟义：adj．美好的，很棒的，晴朗的)
There's a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words．(adj．微妙的) ’
The man will get a fine if he parks the car there．(n．罚款)
63．fond(熟义：adj.自由的，喜欢的；慈爱的；深情的)
Fond parents will spoil their child．(adj．溺爱的)
64．force(熟义：vt．强迫)
The policeman forced the knife from the criminal's hand．(vt．夺取)
65．foreign(熟义：adj．外国的；外交的)
The subject is foreign to me．(adj．不熟悉的)
Telling lies is foreign to her nature．(adj．和……格格不人)
66．form．(熟义：vt．形成)
I call not form an opinion about it．(vt．想出)
67．freeze(熟义：v．结冰，凝固)
Freeze!Or I'll shoot．(v．不许动)
68．fly(熟义：v．飞；飞翔；飞彤n．苍蝇)
The children flew to meet their mother．(v．疾驰；疾行)
69．fresh(熟义：adj．新鲜的)
She is quite fresh to office work．(adj．无经验的)
G
70．gain(熟义：v．获得；赢得)
Don't worry．My watch gains．We still have time．(v．(钟表)快)
The ear gained speed gradually．(vt．增加(速度，重量))
71．ground(熟义：n．地面)
He has strong grounds for more money．(n．理由)
72．glare(熟义：v．怒目而视)
The sun glared out of the blue sky．(v．发出刺眼的光)
73．govern(熟义：v．管理；控制)
The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods．(vt．影响；支配)
74．Grow up(熟义：长大；成熟)
A warm friendship grew up between the two men．(逐渐发展；形成)
H
75．hit(熟义：v。击中，打击)
The film Hero by Zhang Yimou is quite a hit of this year．(n．成功；红极一时的人或事)
76．hold(熟义：vt．握住，抓住；抱住)
His promise still holds．(vi：适用，有效)
I
77．ill(熟义：adj．生病的)
It's no good speaking ill of others．(adj．&adv．坏的／地)
78. industry(熟义：n．工业；产业)
His Success was due to industry．(n．努力；勤勉)
79．interest(熟义：n．兴趣)
Our family has an interest in the business．(n．利益；股份)
80．invent(熟义：v．发明)
He invented aJl excuse for his being late．(y．捏造，虚构)
81．invite(熟义：v．邀请)
Don't leave the window open—it's inviting thieves to enter．(V．吸引)
The dishes are really inviting．(adj．诱人的)
82．inspire(熟义：v：激励；鼓舞)
His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother．(V．启发)
J
83．jam(熟义：n．果酱)
He jammed four apples in his pocket．(Vt．塞进)
The accident jammed the main road for2 hours。(vt．堵塞)
There are traffic jams every day on this road． (n．．堵塞)
84．jump(熟义：v．＆n．跳)
Last week the price of goods jumped．(n．／v．大幅度上涨)
85．just(熟义：adv．正好；恰好)
You are a just person．(adj．公正的)
K
86．kid(熟义：n．小孩)
Take it easy．I'm just kidding．(v．开玩笑；欺骗)
87．kill(熟义：v．杀掉；害死)
That guy hangs around all day long，killing time．(V．消磨(时间))
L
88．late(熟义：adj．迟到的／地；晚的／地)
She missed her late husband very much．(adj．已故的)
89. lecture(熟义：v．／n．讲课；演讲)
Do stop lecturing me．(V．训斥；教训)
90．1ift(熟义：v．拾高)
Can yougive me a lift?(n．搭便车)
His report gave us a lift．(n．鼓舞)
91．1ose(熟义：V．失去；丢掉)
Please hurry!My watch loses 10 minutes．(vi．(钟表)慢(与gain相对))
92．1ot(熟义：n．量，批)
It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centrbs．(n．作某种用途的场地)
93. lay(熟义：vt．放置；产卵；下蛋)
The foundations of the house are being laid today．(v．铺；铺设)
94．1ast(熟义：adj．最后的)
M
95. marry(熟义：v．结婚，与某人结婚)
This poem marries theme and style well．(V．使紧密结合，使混为一体)
96. mean(熟义：v．意思是，意味着)
It's mean of you to eat up all the apples．(adj．自私的，卑鄙的，吝啬的)
97. mend(熟义：v．修理；修补)
The patient is still mending slowly after the operation．(v．痊愈；改善)
98. message(熟义：n．信息，口信)
I'd like to see a film with a message．(n.教益，寓意)．
99．might(熟义：modal v．或许)
I use all my might to open the door．(n．力量，权威)
100．multiply(熟义：乘；v．乘以；繁殖)
We can multiply our chances of success．(v．成倍增加；迅速增加)
N
101．note(熟义：n．笔记)
Learn the notes by heart．(n．台词)
I noted that her hands were dirty．(v．注意，特别指出，提及)
o
102. open(熟义：v．开aaj．开着，打开的)
They left the matter open．(adj．(问题，议事等)未解决的)，
103. operate(熟义：Vi．机器运转工作；做手术)
The medicine operated quickly．(vi．起作用)
104. otherwise(熟义：adv．否则；要不然)
(adv．在其他方面)
P
105. part(熟义：n．部分；零件，角色)
In order to raise money，he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions．(v.分手；放弃；卖掉)
106．position(熟义：n．位置；职位)．
What’s your position on the problem?(n．立场；观点)
107．promise(熟义：v．＆n．许诺)
The dark clouds promise rain．(v．有…的希望；使…有可能)
108．pronounce(熟义：v．发音)
The judge pronounced against her appeal．(v．宣称；宣布；判决)
109. put up(熟义：建设；张贴)
Could you put me up for the night?(留某人住宿)
110. pick up(熟义：拾起，捡起；偶然发现；弄到手；听到，得到(情报，知识)；康复，
增加(速度)
Trains picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day．(用车接某人)
111. possess(熟义：拥有)
A violent anger possessed him．(vt．(感情，情绪等)支配；控制)
R
112．rate(熟义：n．比率，速度)
These potatoes rate among the best．(v．对……作出评价；被认为，被评价为)
113．read(熟义：v．阅读)
I didn't read mother's thouglts at that time．(v．理解；领会)
114. reflect(熟义：v．映出；反射；表现)
I need time to reflect on your offer．(v．沉思；思考(on／upon))
115．round(熟义：prep．＆adv．环绕，围着adj．圆形的)
We are losing the game in the last round due t0 our complacency．(n．回合；局；轮；)
116．recover(熟义：v．恢复健康；痊愈)
He almost fell, but succeeded in recovering himself．(v．恢复；重新控制)
117．refresh(熟义：vt．使恢复精力)
Her words refreshed my memory．(、rt．提醒；提示；使想起；重新斟满；刷新)
118．relate(熟义：v．与一有关；相关)
I related my adventure to my family．(v．讲述)
119．remote(熟义：adj偏远的；偏僻的)
He is a remote relative of mine．(adj．关系较远的；远亲的)
120．repair(熟义v．／n．修理)
How can I repair the damage I have caused?(v．补救；弥补)
121．respect(熟义：vt。／n尊敬；敬意)
He has no respect for the feelings of others．(五重视；尊重；维护)
122．review(熟义：vt．复习)
She reviewed what had happened．(vt．回顾)
s
123．safe(熟义：adj．安全的)
He is a safe man。You can count on him．(adj．谨慎的；不冒险的)
124．say(熟义：vt．说)
Say that war breaks out，what will you do?(vt．假定，显示，表明)
125．see(熟义：v看到)
This century has seen two world wars．(vt．有--的经验，经历，体验)
126．shoulder(熟义：n．肩膀)
Young people should learn to shoulder the duty／blame．(v．承担)
127．sound(熟义：n．声音)
It is important to have a sound body．(adj．健全的)
My wife is a sound sleeper．(adj．酣睡的)
Your idea is very sound.中肯的，合理的
128. spare(熟义：adj.多余的；备用的；空余的v：吝惜；拨出，抽出)
He spared the thief．(v．饶恕；放过)
129. spring(熟义：n．春天；泉水)
Fast food restaurants are spring up all over the city.(v．猛然跳起；涌出)
130. steal(熟义：v．偷)
He stole a glance of her in the mirror．(v．快速或偷偷地取得)
131. strength(熟义：n．力气)
Maths is not my strength．(n．强项,优点，优势)
132. succeed(熟义：v．成功)
(v．继承) (v．继任)
134. surprise(熟义： V．&t使惊讶，惊奇)
Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight．(v．出奇不意地袭击或发现)
135. sympathy(熟义：n.同情)
Annie's sympathies lie firmly with the workers．(n．(p1．)赞同，支持)
136．satisfy(熟义：v．使满意；使满足)
She satisfied her hunger with an apple．(v．满足要求或需要等) 、
137．subject(熟义：n．话题)
The child is subjected to colds．(adj．易遭受…的)
subject sb to sth=expose sb to sth 使遭受，使经历
T
138．tie(熟义：vt．栓，系)
They tied with the visiting team in the game．(vi．打成平手)
139．twist(熟义：v．使弯曲变形)(v．(道路，河流等)曲折；蜿蜒)
140．travel(熟义：v．／n／旅行)
The news traveled fast.(v．以某速度传播)
U
141．undertake(熟义：v．承担；从事)
I can't undertake that you will make a profit．(v．承诺；允诺；答应)
V
142．vote(熟义：n．&v．投票，表决)
I vote that we go home．(V．(口语)建议)
143．vain(熟义：adj．徒然的；徒劳的；无结果的)
She is vain of her beauty．(adj．自负的；自视过高的)
W
144．walk(熟义：v．&n．行走；步行)
This society welcomes people from all walks 0f life．(n．行业(walk of life))
He is walking his dog.(vt.溜)
145. wander(熟义：v．漫游；游荡；漫步)
Don't wander from the point．(v．离开原处或正道)
Her thoughts wandered back to her youth．(V．走神；神志恍惚；思想开小差)
146．wear(熟义：vt．穿戴)
The girl always wears a happy smile．(vt．表露，流露，面带等)
147．weight(熟义：v．称……的重量；重达)
Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages of doing this!(v：权衡；斟酌)
148．weight(熟义：n．重量)
How much weight will be attached to his decision?(n．分量，重要性)
149．will(熟义：modal v．表将来或意愿)
He showed great strength of will．(n．意志力；意愿)
Where there is a will,there is a way. (n．意志力；意愿)
What did it say in the will?(n．遗嘱)
2．听力：技巧在心，词汇在脑。听力满分不是梦
1听力技巧
1、识别关键词的技巧
1）.透露说话人身份的关键词
如果考生可以通过关键词很快判断对话者的关系和身份，将有助于考生有目的地集中注意力，并在脑海中搜索相关背景知识，进一步加深对听力材料的理解。
例如：I just can’t believe you are a police officer，Kay. I remember in high school, you always wanted to be a lawyer.
如果考生意识到该对话中的关键词为in high school,那么他马上可以意识到这是两个老同学之间的对话。
又例如：Good morning, ladies and gentlemen . Welcome to Universal Studio. I’d like to guide you all the way in the amazing park and share the wonderful moments with you.
这段话的关键词是guide, park,从中考生可以推断说话人是导游。
以下是常见的对话者关系：
Husband——wife teacher——student Boss——employee waiter——customer Doctor——patient parents——kid
Classmates roommates Shop assistant——customer
2）.透露地点/场合的关键词
考生如果善于捕捉听力材料中的关于地点或场合(即语言环境)的关键词，也有助于他们判断听力材料的主题、说话人之间关系等等。如果对话中出现special price，那么对话很可能发生在商店；treatment，therapy等词可以透露出医患关系，以下是有关机场或者旅馆的关键词：
Check in入住登记check out结账porter搬luggage行李book a room预定房间double room双人房passenger乘客economy class经济舱business class公务舱runway跑道passport护照flight航班stewardess乘务员
3）.捕捉数字
许多听力材料中涉及数字，例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等，并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现，这就要求考生辨别各种形式的数字，还要熟悉数字之间的关系。例如：
减价：20% off，special offer，special price，25% discount，sale
原价：regular price，normal price
增长：10% increase in…1/3 climb in……
下降:23% fall in…5.5% decrease in…
要注意以下几点：
●根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间，如：befor e，after，the n，until，later，immediately等。
●听清楚有关数字和数字之间的关系，然后进行简单的计算，如：The lon g dis tance bus from Jinan to Qingdao usually takes 4 hours，but yesterday it to ok me two hours more because of the heavy traffic.??
Q：How long did it take him to get to Qingdao yesterday？??
●掌握年、月、星期的表达方法。注意一些表示时间的词，如：??
quarter，a couple of days，eve，dawn，day break.
3)Which /Who -question???
Who常用来提问说话人的身份，动作的执行者或接受者；Which主要对某种具体的事物进行提问。常见形式如下：??
Who is the speaker？??
Which subject will Jack take？??
Which language is Jack speaking？??
这类问题难度不大，有时文中直接给出答案，有时可以根据相关词判断。如：
Teacher/Student：class，exam，homework，part-time job.??
Salesman ：price，on sale，try on .??
Reporter：news，report.??
4)How-question???
主要提问：年龄、距离、速度、价格、数量等；说话人对事物的反应，动作的方式等。问题的主要形式如下：? How old is the man？
How long does it take them to get there if they take plane？?
How did the man go to Japan？?
How much did the man pay for the dress？?
How did they feel about the train？??
关于年龄、距离、速度等一般要进行简单的运算。考生除了要听清楚数字外，还要注意百分数、倍数等的数量词，如：double，half，dozen，couple，thirty percent，three times，century，etc.??
5)Why-question???
这类问题主要对原因进行提问，常与文中表示原因的句子形成因果关系。因此要注意because，for，since，as，insgroupsto，so that，to等引导的句子或短语。如：
You will hear：
The new universities were founded after the Second World War.A lot of students chose the new universities instead of Oxford.They became popular because of their advanced teaching methods.??
Q：Why did the new universities become popular？??
2、听力速记技巧
高考听力的第二部分Longer Conversation所占时间较长，如果考生能够培养一定的速记技巧，有助于保持部分听力内容，帮助记忆。毕竟高考的长篇对话时间并不算太长，高三考生只要进行初级的入门速记锻炼，不必把听到的所有内容写下来，只要捕捉一些关键性问题即可，比如时间、地点、数字以及相关信息等等。考生可以尝试以下技巧：
1）.运用速记符号 例如：↑up↓down←left→right=equal
2）.发明并运用字母的缩写形式
考生可以在平时训练时，本着便于记忆、快速、容易联想的原则，发明一些只需自己明白的字母搭配来表示相应的信息。例如：
Ex——expensive lg——large eq——earthquake ys——yesterday
通过运用这些字母和符号，帮助考生储存信息，帮助回忆。
3、时间运用技巧
1）.充分利用试卷刚发下来，听力还未播放的宝贵时间，阅读听力试题，并用铅笔在听力试题上画出重点(听力的试题部分考生可以在上面涂写，但是答卷部分禁止)。此刻考生可以运用预测技巧，对听力内容进行有的放矢的预测。
2）.建议考生在听力播放过程中在试题卷上答题，而不是直接写在电脑答卷上，以节约时间。
3）.切记对于没有听清的试题(尤其是PartA——short conversation)采取及时放弃的原则，即随便选择一个选项，把注意力集中到下一题，一定要抢在下一题播放之前，看完下一题的全部4个选项，千万不可纠缠于已播放好的前一题。
4、考点
(1) "转折"是考点：说话时，一般先陈述别人的观点、看法，然后用一个转折来叙述自己的想法。因此，转折之后常成为听力考试的考点，考生必须要紧抓转折后面的内容，才能准确答题。如：
What time is it now?
A. 7:50. B. 8:10. C. 8:30.
听力材料：
W: Let's Hurry up.
M: Why?
W: Class starts at 8:10.
M: But there's twenty minutes left.
根据 But 后面的内容就可推断出答案为 A。
(2) "建议、看法"是考点：有时，对话的一方感到忧虑不安，另一方提出建议，而这个建议往往就是考点，考生可不要忽视。如：
What will they do?
听力材料：
W: Oh, dear. What should I do?
M: Let's go over to ask the policeman.
不难看出，他们将去找警察。
(3) "否定"是考点：对"否定"的考查，主要体现在两个方面：一是考查对不同的观点、看法的理解；二是对形式否定而实则肯定的理解。如：
What does the man think of the hotel?
A. Too simple. B. Best here. C. Very poor.
听力材料：
W: The hotel is a little too simple.
M: however, you can't find a better one here.
从 can't…better 可知，男士认为"它在这个地方已经是最好的了"，于是答案选 B。
(4) "虚拟语气"是考点：虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反或相违背的情况。肯定的虚拟语气表示否定的意义，而否定的虚拟语气表示肯定的事实，对它的理解常是听力考试的考点。如：
What happened to the man?
A. He was chosen. B. He was not chosen. C. He would have been chosen.
听力材料：
Had you not made such a mistake, you would have been chosen, too.
根据听力材料的语气可知答案选 B.
(5) "数字"是考点：数字是听力考试的重要方面，主要包括时间、年龄、距离、日期、年代、人数、金额、速度、价格、电话号码、门牌号码、车牌号码、邮政编码、街道号码等。
(6) "情况、结论"是考点：某人或某事的情况以及对发生这种情况的结论都可成为听力考试中的考点。听力考试时，就要注意对情况、结论的把握。
(7) "比较等级"是考点：事物间的比较常是听力考试的考点，在听的过程中，必须注意形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的应用。
(8)"并列、递进"是考点：听力考试中常对并列的事物、递进的关系进行考查。因此，考生在听的过程中，应根据情况把握 and, or 等连接的事物以及对what's more, what's worse的理解。
(9)"举例"是考点：为了把问题说明得清楚、明白，常用举例说明，而举例就成为了听力考试的考点。考试时，考生就得注意for example, such as, for instance, like, namely, that is等词或短语。
(10) "地点、场所"是考点：地点、场所是听力考试的又一个重要方面，如家庭、学校、车上、车站、街道、商店、医院、餐馆、旅店、邮局、机场、码头、海关、银行、剧院等。对于地点、场所的考查一般须从谈话双方所谈的内容中来推测，因此，考生必须注意谈话中的关键词句。
(11) "人物及其关系"是考点：人物的身份、职业以及人物间的相互关系也是听力考试中的重要内容，如顾客与服务员、医生与病人、老师与学生、父母与孩子、警察与平民、老板与职员、夫妻之间、朋友之间、陌生人之间等。考生一方面要注意表示身份、职业的关键词，另一方面要注意说话中语气。
(12) "问题及回答"是考点：一般说来，问题是信息的提示点，而回答是听力考试的考点。但是，有时反问句用来表示说话人的态度、意图，从而也成为考点，考生应特别注意。
(13) "因果关系"是考点：谈话中，事情发生的原因和结果常是听力考试的考点，考生应注意原因的表达方式，如除 because 外，还有 since, as, for 等；表示结果的有 so, so that, as a result, in the end 等。
(14) "方式、方法和步骤"是考点：谈话常涉及事情发生的过程、方式、方法及步骤，而这些也就常成为了听力考试的考点，特别会在听力填空题中出现。
(15) "态度、目的和意图"是考点：对态度、目的、意图的考查，往往是对听力材料的深层理解的考查，考生一方面要注意谈话内容中的关键词句，另一方面要注意说话者的语音、语调及措词等。
2．场景词汇总结
（1）餐馆场景：
order 点菜 serve 上菜 change 零钱 Keep the change! 不用找零钱了！ tip 小费 treat 请客 （This is my treat! 我请客！）go Dutch AA制 (Let’s go fifty. ) steak 牛排 cheese奶酪 sandwich 三明治 bacon 腌肉 soup 汤 plain water 自来水（西餐中洗手用的）doughnut 多纳圈 appetizer 开胃物 dessert甜品，水果（作为正餐的最后一道） go out for dinner / dinner out 出去吃饭 snack bar 小吃街；大排挡 hamburger 汉堡包 coke 可口可乐 French fries 炸薯条 dining hall ; coffee shop ; restaurant ; cafeteria ; canteen; buffet 自助餐
（2）邮局场景：
stamp envelope package / parcel 包裹 overweight 超重 extra postage 额外邮资 send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信 express mail 快件 airmail 航空信件 surface mail 陆地邮寄open an account 开一个帐户
（3）图书馆场景：
library card; borrow; lend; keep; renew; bookshelf; novel; science fiction科幻小说；magazine; periodical期刊； reference book; librarian 图书管理员 pay a fine 交罚款 Can I help you? / What can I do for you?
（4）医院及健康场景：
aspirin 阿司匹林 regular doctor 私人医生 emergence department 急诊室 ICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房 treatment 治疗手段 take one’s temperature / blood pressure 测量体温/血压 medicine: pills / tablets药丸/药片 heart attack 心脏病 cold / flu 流感：have/catch a cold; pain; headache; stomach-ache; backache; sore-throat喉咙痛 cough; fever。What’s up? (多用于男生之间)How is it going? How are you? 回答：I’m fine. / I feel good/terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。 I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。 （注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快； 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。）
（5）电话场景：
operator 接线员 Extension six two six, please. 请转6226。 The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。long distance call 长途电话 collect call 对方付费的电话 put through 接通电话 hold on / up Hold the line, please. Hello! This is … speaking. Who’s speaking? / who is this? call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb. ; give sb. a call/ ring I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again. I couldn’t get through. Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.
（6）酒店场景：
make a reservation 预定房间 reception desk 接待处 check in 入住 check out 结帐 single room 单间 suite套间 Do you have a reservation Sir? Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?)有空房间吗？All the room are occupied. 房间已满。Can I have a suite please? How much do you charge for that? Smoking or no smoking? Meals included. 包括饮食。Can I show you your room? / Can I carry your luggage?
3．常用词汇总结
1. 科目
中文Chinese
英语English
日语Japanese
数学math
生物biology
地理geography
政治politics
历史history
化学chemistry
物理physics
体育P.E.
电脑computer
音乐music
文化culture
经济economy
人口population
工业industry
农业agriculture
技术technology
科学science
绘画painting
电影movie
政治的political
IT工程 IT technology
2、星期
Seven days： Abb.
Sunday Sun. Monday Mon.
Tuesday Tue. Wednesday Wed（s）.
Thursday Thu. Friday Fri.
Saturday Sat.
3. 月份
一月~十二月
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
4. 天气
大风的windy
阳光灿烂的sunny
多云的cloudy
多雨的rainy
有风暴的stormy
大雾的foggy
有雪的snowy
强风strong winds
天气weather
气候climate
5. 钱币单位
英镑pound
美元dollar
便士penny
便士 (pl.) Pence
法郎Franc
6. 运动
足球football
篮球basketball
排球volleyball
羽毛球badminton
兵乓球table-tennis
网球 tennis
游泳 swimming
跑步 running
去远足go hiking
7. 名胜
白金汉宫
Buckingham Palace
颐和园
The Summer Palace
长城 the Great Wall
白宫 the White House
8．职业
宇航员astronaut
医生doctor
老师teacher
厨师cook / chef
毕业生graduate
售货员shop assistant
司机driver
图书管理员librarian
科学家scientist
教授professor
工人worker
打字员typist
商人businessman
士兵soldier
船长captain
服务员（男）waiter
服务员（女）waitress
校长headmaster
农场主farmer
农民peasant
老板boss
经理manager
歌手singer
音乐家musician
导游 guide
警察 police
舞蹈员dancer
病人patient
政府公务员
Government official
军官，高级职员 officer
男售货员 salesman
女售货员 saleswoman
9. 亲属
父母parents
爷爷grandpa
奶奶grandma
姐姐sister
弟弟brother
侄子nephew
侄女niece
爸爸father
妈妈mother
姨母aunt
叔父uncle
10.食物/一餐
orange juice橙汁
milk牛奶
bread面包
hamburger汉堡包
frozen vegetables冷冻蔬菜
steak牛排
ice tea冰茶
grains粮食
soft-boiled eggs半熟的鸡蛋
fruits水果
smoked foods烟熏食品
meat肉
breakfast早餐
lunch午餐
supper晚餐
meal正餐
11. 场所
餐馆restaurant
超市supermarket
图书馆library
机场airport
博物馆museum
银行bank
饭堂dinning hall
展览厅exhibition hall
火车站railway station
大学university
学院college
五星级宾馆
Five-star hotel
剧院theater
商店department store
电影院cinema
地铁underground
医院hospital
12. 疾病/人体描述
头痛 headache
牙痛 toothache
发烧 fever
胃痛 stomachache
喉咙痛 sore throat
心脏病heart disease
癌症cancer
检查 examine
胸 chest
肩 shoulder
中等身材 average
胖的fat
瘦的 thin
矮的 short
棕色头发brown hair
13.其它词
Safe 安全的
Clear 清楚的
Tourism 旅游业
Different不同的
Difference不同
Energy能量
Happiness快乐
Exercise练习
Experience经验
Traffic交通
Beach海滩
对话理解中常涉及到地点的关键词以及特殊表达
Restaurant: What would you like to order?
Would you like to see the menu?
May I have the bill, please?
What do you want for a drink?
A table for two?
Reserve a table.
dessert（甜品）, course（一道菜）, beef, steak, mutton, chicken, port, salad, cabbage, potato, tomato
身份/关系：waiter/waitress and the customer
Hotel: check in, check out, double room, single room, room number,
service counter, suit（套间），reservation（预定）, tip, receptionist
身份/关系：receptionist and customer/guest
porter and customer/guest
Department store/fashion/boutique: size or color, dress, price, socks, style, sell out,, try on
身份/关系：sales clerk and customer
post office: mail a letter, postage（邮资），stamp(邮票)，envelope（信封）, package/parcel（包裹），registered mail（挂号邮件），express mail(特快邮件)，airmail（航空邮件）
身份/关系：post clerk and customer
library: borrow a book, return a book, the book is due（所借书到期），
renew（续借），catalog（目录卡片），magazine, shelf, fine（罚款）
身份/关系：librarian and student/reader
railway station: platform（月台）, train number（车次）, single ticket（单程车票）, return ticket（往返车票），booking/ticket office
身份/关系：ticket conductor(售票员) and passenger
airport: flight number（航班号）, take off, gate number（登机厅门号）, see sb. off, safety belt, land, luggage (行李)
hospital(clinic): prescribe some medicine(开药)，run a fever（发烧），
take the temperature（量体温），sore throat（嗓子疼）, cough（咳嗽），pills/tablets（药片）,operation, bad cold, disease, ill, pain, hurt, examine
身份/关系：doctor/ physician/ assistant and patient
bank: open an account（开帐户），draw/ withdraw money(取钱)，deposit/savings（存款），interest on the savings（存款利息），check, cash(兑换现金)，teller（出纳）
身份/关系：bank clerk and customer
值得关注的惯用法：
take it easy（不忙/别着急）；
It’s out of the question（不可能）； It’s out of question（没问题）；
I can’t agree with you more（我举双手赞成）；
It’s up to you（这事取决于你/由你来定）；
Don’t take it for granted（不要想当然地那样认为）；
It depends（视情况而定）；
no way（没门/不可能）
特殊词汇：
Quarter, dozen, score, fortnight,
3．任务型读写：熟记概括性词汇，注意词形变化。任务型读写也能得高分
1解题策略 应试指导
1解题思路：
一、通读短文知大意（通读全文）
读懂文章是解题的第一环节，也是关键的一步。读懂了短文，才能顺利地在表格中填出相关信息。平时训练中要提醒学生了解文章结构以及段落之间的逻辑关系，关注主题句，把握文章主旨。
二、理解结构是基础（理解结构）
结构指的是文章的结构和表格的结构。理清短文主体结构，了解短文的写作思路和线索结构，有助于加深对篇章内容的理解，同事短文的结构往往也是很重要的命题线索。
三、正确表达是关键（正确表达）
这是解题训练的重点所在。确定了答案的内容，只是解题的一部分，要想正确，还需要注意以下几点：
1， 表达的正确性
注意拼写及语法知识。
a)拼写正确。
b)动词的适当形式过去式、过去分词和现在分词第三人称单数。
c)名词的性、数、格。
d)形容词的比较级和最高级。
e)词的限定。
f)字母的大小写。
同时还特别要注意工整对称性，要注意和已填部分的形式保持一致。
2， 表达的概括性
任务型阅读的重点是考察学生综合归纳语言的能力。大多数题目在行标题和列标题都设有空，要求学生归纳概括信息。这个部分难度不大，但要提醒学生关注如：place, time, reason,process,instruction,cause,fact,attitude,way,suggestion, effect 等具有概括性的词语，要教给学生归纳演绎的能力。
3， 表达的灵活性
有时原文中没有直接可用来填空的词，而是需要文章根据意思来重新表达，这就要求学生能灵活地根据句子意思总结出一个词或进行表达上的转换。
转换类常用句型：
1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades
2. take advantage of = make use of
3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents
4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with
5. consider … = take … into consideration / account
6. at the beginning = at first
7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for
8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history
9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job
4， 书写的规范性
在做完题目后，需要提醒学生一定要注意书写正确，规范，工整，容易辨认。千万不能因为大小写和抄写错误而扣分。
2概括性词汇
标题、题目title
话题topic
主题（思想）theme
定义、解释、说明definition of sth.
观点ideas/opinions of sth./views on sth.
理由reason（s） for (doing) sth.
起因cause（s） of (doing) sth.
way(s) of doing sth.=way(s) to do sth.做某事的方法
过程process/course/procedure
procedure步骤
结果result(s)/consequence(s) of sth.
结论conclusion（一般放在文章最后一节）
解决方法solution（s） to (doing) sth.
现象phenomenon（单数形式）/phenomena（复数形式）
因素factor（s）
建议tip(s) on sth./advice on sth./suggestion(s) on sth.
说明书instruction（s） for (doing sth.
优点、好处advantage（s）benefits of sth.
缺点、坏处disadvantage/disadvantages (of sth.)
影响effect(s) on sth. ;influence(s)
积极的/肯定的/正面的方面positive aspects
消极的/否定的/反面的方面negative aspects
损失/损害damage/harm
地点place/location
情况situation（s）
事情/事件event(s)
内容content(s)
起源origin of sth.
来源、根源 source(s) of sth
资源 resources
概要summary of sth.
态度attitude(s) towards/to sth.
评论comment on sth.
分析analysis/analyses
问题problem(s)
质量quality
数量quantity
功能fun_ction
证据evidence
百分比percent(单复数同形)
项目item(s)
方面aspect(s) of sth.
背景background
情节plot
时间time/when
阶段period/stage(s)
日期date
特点characteristic（s）/feature(s)
目的aim(s) of sth./goal(s) of sth./intention(s) of
sth/target(s) of sth /purpose(s) of sth
ways of (doing) sth /methods of (doing) sth做某事的方法
means of transport/transportation交通的手段
means of transportation
措施measure(s) /step(s)
种类/类型kind(s) of sth. /type(s) of sth.
物种species
比较comparison
国籍nationality
技能skill（s）
成就achievement（s）
全面发展all-round development
区别difference（s）
相似similarity/similarities
介绍introduction to sth.
instruction for (doing) sth.……的说明
3词汇变形
动词变名词
v+ ment 结尾
achieve---achievement 成就
advertise--- advertisement// advertising
agree— agreement
apartment 公寓
amusement 娱乐
argue---argument争吵
commit奉献—commitment
develop---development
disgree—disagreement
department 局，部
experiment 实验，试验
equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材
govern 统治—government 政府
manage---management 经营 管理
2．V+ tion 结尾
admit 承认—admission
attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方
conclude—conclusion 结论
compete—competition 竞争，比赛
discuss—discussion 讨论
educate-----education
decide----decision
describe—description描写，描绘
express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式
graduate 毕业—graduation
operate 操作，动手术—operation
organize----organization
imagine—imagination 想象力
introduce—introduction 介绍
instruct—instruction 指导， 介绍
invent—inventor / invention
invite—invitation
pollute----pollution 污染
predict---prediction 预言
pronounce ---pronunciation
impress 给人印象—impression 印象
permit 允许-----permission
suggest-建议，暗示--suggestion
solve解决-----solution 解决方法
3．V+ ance 结尾
allow—allowance 允许
appear—appearance 外貌 ，出现
perform----performance 演出
exist—existance 存在
4．V+ ing 结尾
bathe 洗澡---bathing
end 结束----ending 结尾，结局
train 训练---training
mean ---- meaning 意义
say-----saying 谚语
5．V+ 其他
Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐
sit--seat 座位
employ--employer 雇主，老板
--employee雇员
believe—belief 信仰
behave 行为，举止----behavior know---knowledge
fly—flight 飞行
heat 加热---heat 热量
hit 撞击------hit 轰动一时的人或物，碰撞
mix 混合-----mixture 混合物
press 按，压—pressure 压力
receive—receptionist 接待员
serve—service 服务
succeed-- success
tour 在-----旅游，在-----作巡回演出 直接+地点 tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 游客
propose—proposal 建议
withdraw—withdrawal 取钱；收回；撤退
survive—survival--survivor 幸存者
arrive-- arrival到达
analyze—analysis 分析
名词变形容词
1名词+y
anger 生气-----angry
honest—honesty 诚实的
hunger---hungry
fog—foggy有雾的
fur----furry 毛皮的
guilt 罪恶---guilty 内疚的
health---healthy
luck---lucky
cloud---cloudy
wind—windy
rain---rainy
snow---snowy
sun—sunny
tourist------touristy 游客多的
business---busy
salt 盐--- salty 咸的
shine---shiny 发亮的
silk 丝绸—silky 丝绸般的
sleep---sleepy 昏昏欲睡的
taste 口味，品味------tasty 甜的
2.名词+ ed
balance –balanced 平衡的
spot 斑点，地点----spotted 有斑点的
talent-----talented 有天赋的
organized 有组织的
crowded 拥挤的
polluted 被污染的
pleased 高兴的
3．名词+ ful/less
meaning—meaningful 有意义的
care—careful/ careless 小心的；粗心的
help---helpful / helpless
home—homeless 无家可归的
colour---colourful
pain 疼痛---painful 痛苦的
use---useless/ useful
thank—thankful 充满感激的
peace 和平 ---- peaceful 平静的，宁静的
playful 顽皮的，爱玩耍的
4．名词+ able
adjustable 可调整的
comfort---comfortable
knowledge---knowledgeable
suit 一套-----suitable 合适的
5.名词+ ous
courage—courageous 勇敢的
danger—dangerous
mystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的
6.ce 变 t
confidence----confident
difference---different
dependence—dependent independence—independent
7. al 结尾
Addition—additional 附加的，额外的
Class—classical 经典的
medicine 药----medical 医学的
music---musical
nature---natural 自然的
person---personal (私人的)
nation—national 国家的
education---educational有教育意义的
tradition----traditional 传统的
origin起源---original 新颖的；独创的
grammar—grammatical 语法的
globe—global 全球的
8．名词+ ly
friend—friendly
live---lively 活跃的，有生气的
love—lovely 可爱的
9.+ en 结尾
wood—wooden 木制的
wool—woolen 羊毛的
10. 其他
energy精力---energetic
strategy—strategic 战略的
fool 傻子—foolish 愚蠢的
freedom 自由—free 空的， 免费的
height 高度—high
illness 疾病--- ill
love—loving 慈爱的
death---dead
pleasure---pleasant / pleased
popularity 流行性—popular
pride---proud
scientist----scientific 科学的
形容词变副词
形容词+ ly
bad—badly
bright—brightly 明亮地
casual—casually 随意地
clear—clearly 清楚地
complete—completely 完全
correct---correctly 正确地
final--finally
fortunate—fortunately幸运地
general—generally 一般来讲
loud—loudly
particular 特殊的，独特的—particularly
polite—politely
proper 合适的-，恰当的---properly
main------mainly 主要地
most 多数-----mostly 多半，大多数
normal---normally 正常地
quick—quickly
quiet—quietly 轻轻地，安静地
real—really
recent 最近的----recently 最近；近来
hard 难的；努力地---hardly 几乎不
late 迟的—lately 最近；近来
sad--sadly
slow---slowly
special—specially 专门，特殊地
specific---specifically 特定地，明确地
strong—strongly 坚决地， 强烈地
2. 以le 结尾的 去e + y
comfortable---comfortably
gentle—gently
possible---possibly
simple ----simply 仅仅；只；简单地
terrible---terribly
3. 辅音字母+ y 变 ily
easy—easily
heavy—heavily
happy--happily
4.特殊
good—well好地 well 身体健康的 ，井
true—truly
形容词变名词
efficient有效率的—efficiency 效率
patient—patience/impatience
dependent—dependence依赖性
independent—independency 独立性
true—truth
high—height
wide—width
long—length
possible—possibility
responsible—responsibility
urgent—urgency 紧急
形容词变动词
modern—modernize social--socialize
fast--fasten short/shorten
long—lengthen—length(n.) wide--widen
less--lessen strong—strengthen—strength(n.)
large—enlarge
名词变动词
computer—computerize
名词---形容词—副词
beauty 美，美人—beautiful—beautifully
care—careful—carefully
care—careless—carelessly
difference---different---differently
fortune—fortunate—fortunately/unfortunately
happiness—happy—happily
hunger—hungry--hungrily
health—healthy—healthily
luck—lucky—luckily
noise—noisy—noisily
pride—proud—proudly骄傲地
sadness—sad—sadly
safety 安全；安全的地方—safe—safely
silence—silent---silently 默默地
success—successful—successfully
truth—true—truly
unluck—unlucky—unluckily
wonder 奇迹—wonderful—wonderfully
方位的词 名词—形容词
East—eastern
West—western
South—southern
North---northern
In the west of China
In the western part of China
四大洲 名词-----形容词
Asia 亚洲–---- Asian Africa 非洲----- African
Europe欧洲----- European America 美洲-----American
4.句型转换
1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades 2. take advantage of = make use of
3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents
4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with
5. consider … = take … into consideration / account 6. at the beginning = at first
7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for
8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history
9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans have been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job.
10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing
11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively
12. encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in/ play a role in quite activities
13. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones
14.valuable information = information of great value
15.understand clearly = have a clear understanding of sth.
16.affect = have an effect / influence / impact on sth.
17.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference
18. kills sb. = sth. costs sb. sth. = claim one’s life
19. make an apology = apologize to sb.
20.be over = end = put …to an end 21.despite = in spite of
22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up
23.online = on the Internet 24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens
25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at
26.explain sth. = make an explanation
27.offer sth. to sb. = provide / supply sth. for sb.
28.besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from
29. be better than = be superior to
30. approve of = subscribe to = be in favor / support of = favor sth.
31.have access to = be acceptable / accessible / available to
32.stop = quit = give up 33.compensate for = make up for 34.in part = partly
35.every year = yearly = annually 36.use up = run out of (主动)
37.run out = give out = be used up (被动) 38.be accused of = be charged with
39.most of the people = the majority of the people
40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….
41.starve to death = die of hunger/ starvation
42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary
43.socially responsible = social responsibility
44.sth. benefit sb. = be beneficial to sb. = be of benefit to = sb. benefit from sth .
45.commit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.
46.make full use of = make the most of
4．书面表达：十大模板，八大话题，十句搞定高考英语书面表达
高级词汇，高级结构，向高考英语书面表达要高分
1. 十大模板
模板一：对比观点题型
The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).
From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice.
模板二：阐述主题题型
The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．
In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
模板三：解决方法题型
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.
First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).
模板四：说明利弊题型
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(Ａ的优点之一). Besides -------------------（Ａ的优点之二）.
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(Ａ的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二个缺点)．
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．)
模板五：不同观点列举型（议论文选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______.? On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
模板六：利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______.? And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition,? ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
模板七：答题性议论文
?? Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
?? As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
?? Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
模板八：谚语警句性议论文
??? It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
??? A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
??? With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
??模板九：?图表作文
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Your address
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Month, Date, year
模板十：实用性写作（申请信 )
Receiver's address
Dear ...,
I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.
??? .../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.
??? I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.
??? Best regards for your health and success.
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Sincerely yours,
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? X X X
2：八大话题
话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣
Spare time(业余时间), favorite(最喜欢的), Interest(兴趣), hobby(爱好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(也小说), play football/basketball(打足球/篮球), surf the internet(上网), chat online(在线聊天), play games(玩游戏), collect stamps(集邮), make e-friends(交网友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV(看电视), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),be interested in(对…感兴趣), develop an interest in(在…方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢…),be keen on(喜欢…), have love for(喜爱…), have a taste in(对…有兴趣) 等。
话题二：劳动与劳动观念
Work(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生产), worker(工人), labor force(劳动力), labor(劳动), voluntary labor(义务劳动)，serve the people(为人民服务)，heart and soul(全心全意)，physical labor(体力劳动), mental labor(脑力劳动), labor viewpoint(劳动观念), labor Day(劳动节), workday(工作日), means of labor(劳动方式),? honorable(光荣的), be devoted to(奉献于..), value(价值), earn money(赚钱) , personal interests(个人利益)等。
话题三：创建和谐社会
harmonious(和谐的), friendly(友好的), civilized(文明的), honest(真诚的), credible (诚信的), be public-spirited(有公德心的), balanced(平衡的), be in order(有序的), peaceful(和平的), live in harmony(生活和谐), sustainable development(可持续发展)等，help each ether(互助), care for each other(互相关心), have deep love for (热爱), be concerned with (关心), build(创建), cherish(珍惜), take an active part in(积极参与), pay attention to social moral(讲究社会公德), protect the environment(保护环境), save energy(节省能源)等。No pains, no gains.??? 不劳无获。…can be achieved by hard wok.??? …可以通过劳动获得。It is difficult to find work in the present situation.??? 在当前形势下，很难找到工作。It is honorable to …??? …是光荣的。If everyone … for others and the society, our world will be …如果每个人为他人和社会做…， 我们这个世界将会…。Every one should … and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strong country.每个人应该 …，为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。
话题四：招聘与求职
employ(雇佣), look for(寻找), take in(吸纳), full-time(全职的), part-time(兼职的), well-paid(薪水高的), be paid by the hour(按小时发工资), requirement(要求), résumé(个人履历),schooling(受教育情况), subjects(课程), working experience(工作经历), qualification(合格证明), transcript (成绩单), health(健康状况), present address(现在通讯地址)等，apply for(申请…), graduate from(毕业于), major in(以…为专业), degree(学位), scholarship(奖学金), good grades(良好的成绩), hobby(爱好), favorite(最喜欢的), be skilled in(在…方面熟练), be good at(擅长…), experienced(有经验的), confident(自信的), English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力), healthy(健康的)等。
话题五：中学生的健康问题
Physical and mental condition(身体与精神状态), strong(强壮的), un/healthy(不健康/健康的), overweight/fat(肥胖的), thin(瘦的), near/short-sighted(近视的), mentally unhealthy(精神不健全的), normal(正常的), abnormal(不正常的), energetic(精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit(不健康的饮食习惯), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)等，Stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康), build up one’s body/ improve one’s' health(强身健体), enough sleep(充足的睡眠), take regular exercise(进行有规律的运动), roper diet(合理的饮食), good living habits(良好的生活习惯), lose weight(减肥), remove heavy burdens(减轻负担), be good for/do good to(对…有益处), nutrition(营养), go on diet(节食), form a … eating habit(养成一个…的饮食习惯) Breathe in as much fresh air等。
话题六：环境保护
Pollute（污染），Waste is scattering here and there.（到处撒满了废弃物），protect the environment(保护环境) ，send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air（散发出烟和有毒气体），cut down trees(砍伐树木)， pour waste water into the rivers（把废水注入河流），It is a shame to throw rubbish around. （乱扔垃圾是可耻的），form good habits to protect the surroundings（养成良好的习惯来保护环境）， take active measures to protect rare animals(采取积极措施保护稀有动物)， take good care of our forests（关心我们的森林），plant more trees to improve the environment （多植来改善环境），The terrible pollution have done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. (可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。)
话题七：校园文明与安全问题
School rules and regulations(学校规章制度),obey(遵守), observe(遵守), keep/observe discipline(遵守纪律), behave well(表现良好),be neatly dressed(穿戴整洁), respect one’s? teachers and parents(尊敬师长), be on time(准时), keep the environment clean(保持环境干净), civilized(文明的) break the rules(违反规章制度), discipline(纪律), spit(吐痰), throw rubbish everywhere(乱扔垃圾), cheat in the exam(考试作弊), get in line (插队), fight with sb.(与…打架), punish sb. for (因…处罚某人)等。The students are told not to break any of the rules of the school. 学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。The students are expected to …??? 学校期望学生…。It must be made clear that the students should …??? 必须明确的一点是，学生应该…。?? … is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society.?? …对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。It is worthy of praise to ...??? …是值得表扬的。It is shameful to …??? …是可耻的。What we should do is that …??? 我们应该做的事情是…
话题八：友谊
get to know sb.(认识某人), know sb. really well(熟知某人), make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友), a strong personality (一个很强的个性), personal matters(隐私), friendship(友谊), friendly(友好的),? a close friend(一个亲密的朋友), trust each other (相互信任), precious(珍贵的), worthy(有价值的), understanding(通情达理的), share …with sb.(与…分享…), be loyal to(对…忠诚), keep in touch with sb. (与…保持联系), keep company with sb.(和…结交), stay best friends with sb. (和…保持很好的友谊)等。在描述此话题时常用的句型有：
1.? Friends give us …??? 朋友给予我们…。
2.? A good friend is someone you can …??? 一位好朋友就是一个我们能够…的人。
3.? The first time I met …, he was …??? 当我第一次遇到…的时候，他…。
4.? Friendship plays an important part in …??? 友谊在…中扮演一个重要角色。
5.? You can … to be a good friend.??? 你可以…来成为别人的好朋友。
6.?? We can turn to ... when we feel down. 当我们心情糟糕时，可以求助于…。
7.? … makes a good friend.??? …成就好朋友。
8.? A friend in need is a friend indeed.??? 患难见真知。
9.? ... is one of the things people value most in a friend.?
… 是人们在朋友身上最重视的东西。
10.?? … have a friend of … years with sb.? … 与… 有 着…年的友情。
3．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek替换want / look for
They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.
5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
The film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.
7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
8．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for you help. →
We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
9．the case替换 true
I don’t think it is the case ( true ).
10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →
On his arrival, he began his research..
11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.
12．cover替换walk/read
After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.
13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).
15．come to light替换discover
The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →
The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.
16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).
17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)
19．be of + n. 替换adj.
The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.
20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.
21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but (had to) go home.
22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.
23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →
I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.
24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
I want to see you very much. →
I am long to see you.
25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.
26．more than替换very
① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )
② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)
27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).
28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?
29．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )
30．in the course of替换during
In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.
31．the majority of替换most
The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.
32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.
33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken
① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
34．become of替换 happen
What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?
35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as
37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing
42．a handful of替换a little / some
43．meanwhile替换at the same time
44．get to one’s feet替换stand up
45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while
47．for instance替换for example
48．seldom替换not often
49．wealthy替换 rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
4．高级句型结构
◆ It句型
① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.
② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, bec