2022届高考英语专题训练:补语(含答案)

文档属性

名称 2022届高考英语专题训练:补语(含答案)
格式 docx
文件大小 39.0KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2022-03-20 10:30:25

图片预览

文档简介

高考专题训练——补语
1.Mary asked me to help her yesterday.(  )
A.定语 B.状语 C.宾补 D.表语
2.The foreigner tried his best,but he still couldn't make his point .(  )
A.understand B.understanding
C.to understand D.understood
3.When I went into the room, I saw my foreign teacher ____ some students with their oral English.(  )
A.helping B.to help
C.help D.having helped
4.This will make reviewing easier.选出划线部分在本句中的成分。(  )
A.宾语 B.补语 C.表语 D.定语
5.The poor man,________,ran out of the dark cave.(  )
A.trembled and frightened
B.trembling and frightening
C.trembled and frightening
D.trembling and frightened
6.Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ______ with her stories.(  )
A.amused B.amusing
C.to amuse D.being amused
7.After the long journey,the three of them went back home,___________.(  )
A.hungry and tiredly B.hungry and tired
C.hungrily and tiredly D.hungrily and tired
8."Every morning,I hear the birds sing in the park",中下划线部分是什么成分?.(  )
A.P B.DO C.C D.IO
9.Space exploration has been made ______ with the development of modern science and technology.(  )
A.it possible B.it was possible
C.that possible D.possible
10.Who did the teacher have an article for the wall﹣newspaper just now?(  )
A.written B.writing C.to write D.write
11.Mr.Chen is handsome and skillful in teaching.He always manages to make his students _________ in his lessons.(  )
A.to be interested B.interesting
C.interested D.to interest
12.You may find it _______ that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak.(  )
A.astonishing B.astonished
C.to be astonished D.to be astonishing
13.I'm pretty satisfied with the decoration of the house,but the only thing I would like to see is the color of the wall.(  )
A.change B.changing
C.changed D.to be changed
14._______,I was just about to phone you when you phoned me.(  )
A.Funnily enough
B.That's not the point
C.You may be right
D.It's really upsetting
15.With the book she needed __________,she went out to the bookstore_________(  )
A.buy; satisfied B.buying; satisfying
C.bought; satisfied D.to buy; satisfying
16.请说出划线部分的句子成分.
The police observed a man enter the bank.(  )
A.状语 B.宾语 C.定语 D.宾语补足语
17.I think Zhang Yimou's newly﹣released movie The Flowers of War is outstanding _______ it puts its spotlight on the two most universal and attractive themes﹣women and wars.(  )
A.on condition that B.on purpose that
C.in order that D.in that
18.The disappearance of dinosaurs made _______ the evolution and dominance of mammals on the earth.(  )
A.it was possible B.it possible
C.possible to be D.possible
19.Joe's remarks left me ______ his real purpose.(  )
A.wonder B.to wonder C.wondering D.wondered
20.We were sorry to find that he came back_______ after he was lost in the forest for a few days.(  )
A.coldly and hungrily B.cold and hungry
C.coldly and hungry D.cold and hungrily
21.It took the police a long time to find some evidence.The new evidence led to ____________.(  )
A.the robber having caught
B.catch the robber
C.the robber being caught
D.the robber to be caught
22.You shouldn't come in here leaving the customers at the counter.(  )
A.wait B.to wait C.waiting D.waited
23.Unless you have planted something,you won't be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted .(  )
A.grown B.growing
C.to grow D.to be grown
24.﹣Bob,you were not the only one to fail,if that makes you ______a little bit.
﹣It's nice of you to say so.(  )
A.happiest B.happy
C.the happiest D.happier
25.They used to make to meet and have a party at the end of a month.(  )
A.a rule B.it a rule
C.it rule D.them a rule
26.We made him our monitor.(  )
A.宾语 B.定语 C.状语 D.宾补
27.The tour group ____ 50 students is coming to China next Monday.(  )
A.consisted of B.consisting of
C.to consist of D.consists of
参考答案与试题解析
1.Mary asked me to help her yesterday.(  )
A.定语 B.状语 C.宾补 D.表语
【分析】昨天玛丽让我帮助她.
【解答】答案:C 考查动词宾补.me是ask的宾语,不定式在句中作宾补,来补充说明宾语的情况,故选C.
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查不定式做宾补的用法.需要学生对此知识点多加理解.
2.The foreigner tried his best,but he still couldn't make his point .(  )
A.understand B.understanding
C.to understand D.understood
【分析】那个外国人尽了最大努力,但他仍然无法让别人明白他的观点.
【解答】考查宾语补足语,"make+名词 / 代词+过去分词短语"表示"使某人 / 某物被……",根据意思可知 his point 观点与understand是被动关系.
故选:D。
【点评】注意分析句子结构,需根据句意,结合所学语法知识,填上正确答案.
3.When I went into the room, I saw my foreign teacher ____ some students with their oral English.(  )
A.helping B.to help
C.help D.having helped
【分析】当我走进房间时,我看到我的外教在帮助一些学生的英语口语.
【解答】本题考查宾语补足语.根据句意和结构可知这里使用see+宾语+宾语补足语,根据句意可知这里表示看见某人正在做某事,用现在分词作宾语补足语.
故选:A。
【点评】它用在系动词后,是句子的一个基本成分.常用主﹣系﹣表结构.(表语是主动的,主补是被动的 )
4.This will make reviewing easier.选出划线部分在本句中的成分。(  )
A.宾语 B.补语 C.表语 D.定语
【分析】这将使复习变得更容易。
【解答】答案:B.此处是"make+宾语+形容词"结构,形容词作宾语补足语。
故选:B。
【点评】考查单词、词组,要熟记单词、词组拼写,弄清楚相近单词、词组词义的区别,然后正确写出单词、词组。
5.The poor man,________,ran out of the dark cave.(  )
A.trembled and frightened
B.trembling and frightening
C.trembled and frightening
D.trembling and frightened
【分析】这个可怜的人,惊恐地颤抖着跑出黑暗的洞穴.
【解答】答案D 本题考查非谓语动词.tremble 常用作不及物动词,因此它的形容词只有:trembling adj.发抖的 (是声音本身"发抖",不是"令别人发抖".) trembled只是过去式和过分,强调动作,不能作形容词; 而frighten是及物动词,frightened往往指人的感受,译成"感到害怕的",frightening往往指事情或物品,译成"令人害怕的"
根据句意可知,此处应该使用trembling and frightened 故答案为D.
【点评】非谓语动词是难点易错点,平时需要掌握部分固定表达.
6.Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ______ with her stories.(  )
A.amused B.amusing
C.to amuse D.being amused
【分析】露西很有幽默感,总是让同事们为她的故事感到好笑.
【解答】本题考查补语.根据句意和结构可知这里使用keep+宾语+宾语补足语,her colleagues 和amuse是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语.
故选:A。
【点评】它用在系动词后,是句子的一个基本成分.常用主﹣系﹣表结构.(表语是主动的,主补是被动的 )
7.After the long journey,the three of them went back home,___________.(  )
A.hungry and tiredly B.hungry and tired
C.hungrily and tiredly D.hungrily and tired
【分析】长途旅行后,他们三个人回家了,又饥又累的.
【解答】答案:B 考查状语用法.本题里是形容词作状语,形容词作状语多表示主语的状态,本句中表示伴随.故选B.A、D项中一个是形容词,一个是副词,由and连接的不对等词性,是错误表达.C项是副词,修饰动词或整个句子.
故选:B.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚状语的定义,哪些词,短语可作状语,然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案.
8."Every morning,I hear the birds sing in the park",中下划线部分是什么成分?.(  )
A.P B.DO C.C D.IO
【分析】每天早晨,我在公园里都能听到鸟儿歌唱的声音。
【解答】答案:C.根据题意,分析句子成分可知,主语为I;谓语为hear;宾语为the birds;宾语补足语为sing;其中every morning为时间状语;in the park为地点状语。A.P(表语);B.DO(直接引语);C.C(补足语);D.IO(间接宾语)。故选:C。
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
9.Space exploration has been made ______ with the development of modern science and technology.(  )
A.it possible B.it was possible
C.that possible D.possible
【分析】随着现代科技的发展,太空探索已经成为可能.
【解答】答案:D.根据句意和结构可知这里使用make+宾语+形容词作宾语补足语,这里宾语是space exploration,这句话中宾语变成主语,谓语变成被动,形容词possible变成主语补足语.
故选:D.
【点评】本题考查句子成分,判断句子成分先从整体看,是并列句还是复合句,有什么从句,从句的成分是否完整,不完整需要补全.
10.Who did the teacher have an article for the wall﹣newspaper just now?(  )
A.written B.writing C.to write D.write
【分析】刚才老师让谁为墙报写一篇文章?
【解答】答案:D.
考查省略to的动词不定式做宾语补足语.我们可以利用还原句子结构的方法来理解本句,首先将其变为肯定句:The teacher had sb write an article for the wall newspaper just now.此处所用句型为have sb.do"让某人做…",故应选D.
【点评】对于非谓语动词的用法要认真分析句中的语法及逻辑关系,明白不同的非谓语动词的用法.
11.Mr.Chen is handsome and skillful in teaching.He always manages to make his students _________ in his lessons.(  )
A.to be interested B.interesting
C.interested D.to interest
【分析】陈先生长得英俊,又精于教学.他总是能成功地使他的学生们对他的课感兴趣.
【解答】答案:C 考查过去分词作宾语补足语.interest是及物动词,意为"使…感兴趣",his students与interest之间是动宾关系,要用动词过去分词作宾语补足语.故选C.A项不定式被动形式,make后不可接带to的动词不定式;D项动词不定式也要排除;B项动词现在分词,正确表达形式是interesting his students in his lessons.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词,短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案.
12.You may find it _______ that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak.(  )
A.astonishing B.astonished
C.to be astonished D.to be astonishing
【分析】你也许会感到惊讶,Charlie在会说话的时候就被教唱歌.
【解答】答案是A.考查固定搭配find it+形容词,it是形式宾语,形容词是宾语补足语,所以选择形容词astonishing表示"令人吃惊的".选项B astonished 表示"吃惊的",是形容人的,此处不合适.故答案是A.
【点评】解答此类题目,首先需要明确题意,然后根据相关语法和固定搭配选择正确的答案.
13.I'm pretty satisfied with the decoration of the house,but the only thing I would like to see is the color of the wall.(  )
A.change B.changing
C.changed D.to be changed
【分析】我对这座房子的装饰很满意,但是我唯一想改变的是墙的颜色.
【解答】答案是C.本题考查分词做补语的用法;题干中I would like to see 充当the only thing 的定语从句,将先行词the only thing带入到定语从句,从句完整的表述为"I would like to see the only thing ____ (change)",可见change和the only thing 之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词表示被动,故选C.带to的动词不定式不能做see的宾语补足语,所以D错误.
【点评】首先判断选项中的动词在句中是以谓语还是非谓语形式出现,然后根据选项在句中的功能结合非谓语的基本用法做出合理的判断.要关注常见非谓语动词的搭配.
14._______,I was just about to phone you when you phoned me.(  )
A.Funnily enough
B.That's not the point
C.You may be right
D.It's really upsetting
【分析】有趣的是,我正要给你打电话,你给我打电话了.
【解答】答案:A 考查副词作状语.根据句子结构,前后是两个单句用连词when连接,空格要填短语,funnily enough意为"有趣的是",作状语.故选A.其它三项都是句子,但缺少连词.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚副词作状语是修饰动词,还是修饰全句,然后根据题意和上下文选择最合适的答案.
15.With the book she needed __________,she went out to the bookstore_________(  )
A.buy; satisfied B.buying; satisfying
C.bought; satisfied D.to buy; satisfying
【分析】买完她所需要的书之后,她满意地走出了书店.
【解答】答案:C.
分析句子结构可知,前面为一个with的复合结构,宾语the book,(后面的she needed为一定语从句,修饰先行词the book),根据后面的满意的走出书店可知,应该是强调买完了书后很满意,所以宾语the book和buy之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾补,表示被动和完成,而走出书店时她是满意的,所以用修饰人的形容词satisfied作主语she的补语;故选C.
【点评】过去分词是非谓语动词的一种,用法很灵活,分为简单式done(表示与谓语同时或几乎同时发生的动作);完成式having been done(表示先于谓语的动作).学习时,要把握其用法特征:表示被动和完成.同时还要注意区分现在分词和不定式
16.请说出划线部分的句子成分.
The police observed a man enter the bank.(  )
A.状语 B.宾语 C.定语 D.宾语补足语
【分析】警察察觉到一个男人进了银行.
【解答】答案:D 考查宾语补足语.observe意为"注意到,察觉到;观察到",是及物动词,宾语后接动词时要用不带to的动词不定式和现在分词作宾语补足语.enter the bank是不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语表示结果.故选D.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词,短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案.
17.I think Zhang Yimou's newly﹣released movie The Flowers of War is outstanding _______ it puts its spotlight on the two most universal and attractive themes﹣women and wars.(  )
A.on condition that B.on purpose that
C.in order that D.in that
【分析】我认为张艺谋的新电影"金陵十三钗"最突出的地方是﹣﹣电影把焦点放在了全世界最通用和最有吸引力的两个主题上:女人和战争.
【解答】答案:D
题干中outstanding突出,后接in表示在某方面;后接宾语从句;on condition that如果,on purpose that表示目的,in order that表示目的.
故选:D。
【点评】宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,在句中作宾语,相当于一个名词.连接词要根据从句的结构来判定,从句结构完整时,要用连接副词或that;从句缺少主语或宾语时,要用连接代词.
18.The disappearance of dinosaurs made _______ the evolution and dominance of mammals on the earth.(  )
A.it was possible B.it possible
C.possible to be D.possible
【分析】恐龙的消失使地球上的哺乳动物的进化和统治成为可能.
【解答】答案:B 考查宾语补足语.当不定式,动名词,从句等复杂成分作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it,而将真正的宾语移到句末,其基本结构为"动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)".在本题中,make后应接it作形式宾语,possible为宾语补足语,真正的宾语是名词短语the evolution and dominance of mammals on the earth.故选B.A项:make后不可直接跟宾语从句;C、D项缺少形式宾语it.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词和短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意和上下文选择最合适的答案.
19.Joe's remarks left me ______ his real purpose.(  )
A.wonder B.to wonder C.wondering D.wondered
【分析】乔的话语使我想知道他真正的意图.
【解答】答案:C 考查宾语补足语.leave在本句是使役动词,表示"使/让…保持某种状态",这时可以用形容词、动词不定式、分词、名词或介词短语等作宾语补足语.me与wonder之间是主谓关系,要用现在分词.故选C.A项动词原形;B项不定式表示将来;D项过去分词表示被动.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词和短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意和上下文选择最合适的答案.
20.We were sorry to find that he came back_______ after he was lost in the forest for a few days.(  )
A.coldly and hungrily B.cold and hungry
C.coldly and hungry D.cold and hungrily
【分析】我们发现他在森林里迷路了几天后,回来时又冷又饿,我们非常难过.
【解答】答案:B
题干中that he came back是find的宾语从句;句中cold and hungry是修饰主语he的特征,是主语补足语,要用形容词来表示,相当于he was cold and hungry;副词通常用来修饰句子,在句中作伴随状语.故选B.
【点评】本题考查主语补足语的用法.英语中修饰句中时,通常用副词;如果是修饰主语的,表示主语的特征时,要用形容词作主语补足语,表示伴随状态.
21.It took the police a long time to find some evidence.The new evidence led to ____________.(  )
A.the robber having caught
B.catch the robber
C.the robber being caught
D.the robber to be caught
【分析】找到一些证据花了警察很长时间.这些新证据导致盗贼被抓住了.
【解答】答案:C 考查动名词作宾语补足语.lead to意为"导致",to是介词,后接动词时要用v﹣ing形式,排除B项(catch用了原形)、D项(动词不定式被动式);只能从A、C项中选择;robber与catch之间是动宾关系,要用动名词的被动形式,排除A项(动名词完成式),只有C项正确.故选:C。
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词,短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案.
22.You shouldn't come in here leaving the customers at the counter.(  )
A.wait B.to wait C.waiting D.waited
【分析】你不应该来这里,让顾客在柜台等.
【解答】答案:C 考查宾语补足语.leave在本题中是使役动词,意为"使/让…保持某种状态",其后可接形容词,动词不定式,分词,名词或介词短语等作宾语补足语.根据题意"让顾客在柜台等",要用现在分词作宾语补足语.故选C.A项动词原形,不可作宾语补足语;B项:不定式表示将来;D项过去分词表示被动.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词和短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意和上下文选择最合适的答案.
23.Unless you have planted something,you won't be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted .(  )
A.grown B.growing
C.to grow D.to be grown
【分析】除非你种植过某些东西,你不能明白观看你种植过的东西生长的乐趣.
【解答】答案:B 考查宾语补足语.watch后可接不带to的动词不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语,接不定式表示结果,接现在分词表示过程.you have planted是定语从句修饰先行词the thing,且thing与grow之间是主谓关系,表示生长的过程,要用现在分词形式.故选B.A项过去分词表示被动;B项动词不定式不可带to;D项不定式被动形式,表示将来.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词,短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案.
24.﹣Bob,you were not the only one to fail,if that makes you ______a little bit.
﹣It's nice of you to say so.(  )
A.happiest B.happy
C.the happiest D.happier
【分析】﹣﹣Bob,你不是唯一一个失败的人,如果这样说能让你更高兴一点的话就好.
﹣﹣你这样说真是太好了.
【解答】根据句末的a little bit可知,应该是形容词的比较级的用法,指的是这样说可以让对方高兴一点就好了.
故选:D.
【点评】解答此类题目,首先需要明确题意,然后根据相关语法和固定搭配选择正确的答案.
25.They used to make to meet and have a party at the end of a month.(  )
A.a rule B.it a rule
C.it rule D.them a rule
【分析】他们过去形成了一个习惯,每月底在一起聚会一次.
【解答】本题既考查了rule的名词用法,又考查了make 后接复合宾语的用法.分析句子结构可以看出,空格后的不定式短语应该为make的真正宾语,因此空格中应有it 作形式宾语(在英语中只有it能充当形式宾语),而且还应有宾语补足语,显然此处的宾补由名词rule来充当,根据句意可知应用rule的可数名词的词义,即"规则,制度,习惯",才能使句意通顺.
故选:B.
【点评】解答此类问题,要弄清楚宾语补足语的定义,哪些词和短语可作宾语补足语,然后根据题意和上下文选择最合适的答案.
26.We made him our monitor.(  )
A.宾语 B.定语 C.状语 D.宾补
【分析】我们选他做我们的班长.
【解答】答案:D 考查动词宾补.分析句子可知him是动词made的宾语,而our monitor是来补充说明him的情况的,也就是补语.
故选:D。
【点评】本题考查动词的宾补形式.需要学生对动词后的宾语及宾补进行分析,正确区分宾语和宾补.
27.The tour group ____ 50 students is coming to China next Monday.(  )
A.consisted of B.consisting of
C.to consist of D.consists of
【分析】由50名学生组成的旅游团将于下周一来中国。
【解答】答案:B.根据题意,由50名学生组成的旅游团将于下周一来中国。本题考查词组的用法。其中consist of为非谓语动词,consist of和主语the tour group之间属于逻辑上的主动关系,故用consisting of来表示主动。
故选:B。
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。