2022年中考英语二轮专题复习：专题6 形容词与副词 课件(共71张PPT)

课件(共71张PPT)
第一模块　语法专题突破
专题六　形容词与副词
考点聚焦
1．形容词的位置与功能
考点
形容词的位置、功能及构词法
位置 成分 举例
形容词＋名词/代词 定语 The clever boy is my brother.
名词＋形容词 表语 He was the only person asleep last night.
位置 成分 举例
复合不定代词/不定副词＋形容词 定语 I’ve something interesting to tell you.
stay/keep＋宾语＋形容词 宾补 You must keep your eyes closed.
度量词组＋形容词 定语 My sister is 1.9 meters tall.
位置 成分 举例
连系动词/感官动词＋形容词 表语 He feels thirsty.
the＋某些形容词(表示一类人或物) 主/宾语 The rich should help the poor.
形容词＋and/or＋形容词 状语 Lily went to the park, cold and hungry.
说明：enough修饰形容词时，放在所修饰词后。如：The book is easy enough for you to read.
2．形容词的构词法
在英语中，自身是形容词的占大多数，如warm, cold, tall, short, thin, thick等；有少数形容词是由其他词变化而来的，有一定的规律可循。
(1)“名词＋后缀”构成的形容词
(2)-ing形容词和-ed形容词用法的区别
类别 举例
现在分词(-ing)转化来的形容词表示主动意义，表性质特征，意为“令人……的” He was worried about his worrying son.
他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。
过去分词(-ed)转化来的形容词则表示被动意义，表感受或状态，意为“(人)感到……” I’m interested in interesting films.
我对有趣的电影感兴趣。
(3)复合形容词
复合形容词只能够放在名词之前作定语，常见类型：
(　　)1．The 119 passengers are ______ Liu Chuanjian. Without him, they would probably have lost their lives.
A．hard on B．friendly to
C．responsible for D．thankful to　
备考演练
D　
(　　)2．If you’re __________ in the open air, the sun and stars can help you find your way.
A．lost B．lonely
C．sleepy D．thirsty
(　　)3．—Look at the girl in the square!
—Oh! I’m surprised that a ______ girl can dance so well!
A．three-years-old B．three years old　　　　
C．three-year-old D．three years’ old
A　
C　
(　　)4．—Are you clear about the job of a policeman, Ben
—Yes, to keep people ____ and the society in good order.
A．busy B．safe
C．lucky D．healthy
(　　)5．The boy looked _________ because he didn’t pass his maths exam.
A．sad B．sadness
C．saddest D．sadly
B　
A　
考点
含有形容词的常用结构
句型转换： (以下三个句型都是使用形容词的原级)
The little girl is too young to go to school.
＝The little girl is not old enough to go to school.
＝The little girl is so young that she can’t go to school.
(　　)6．It’s almost impossible for __________ few people to do __________ much work.
A．so; as B．so; so
C．such; as D．so; such
(　　)7．The Silk Road was __________ long that it passed through many countries.
A．quite B．too
C．very D．so
备考演练
B　
D　
(　　)8．Audrey Hepburn, one of the greatest actresses, was __________ to take on challenges in her life.
A．enough brave B．brave enough
C．stupid enough D．enough stupid
(　　)9．It’s a _______ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19．
A．cheerful B．classical
C．creative D．curious
B　
C　
(　　)10．(2020贵州黔东南州)I like these books because they offer me a lot of __________ knowledge.
A．useful B．awful
C．useless D．boring
A　
1．副词的构词
(1)本身是副词
如there, here, very, too, now, then, often, ago等。
考点
副词的构词&分类
(2)形容词＋后缀-ly就变成副词
?知识延伸
①有些以-ly结尾的词并不是副词，而是形容词。如：lovely可爱的， lonely孤独的， lively活泼的。
②与介词、形容词或名词同形。如：out，in，above，below，around, fast等。
③有些词虽然既可作形容词也可作副词，但加了-ly后意思相差很大。如：
hard adj. 硬的，困难的，艰难的； adv. 努力地，艰难地，猛烈地； hardly adv. 几乎不
late adj. 迟到；晚的； adv. 迟地；晚地； lately adv. 近来，最近，不久前
2．副词的分类
种类 位置 举例
表示确定的时间副词，如tomorrow，tonight 句首/句末 Will you have dinner with me tonight？
表示不确定的时间副词，如immediately，ago 句首/句末 He lay down and was asleep immediately.
地点副词，如here，there，home，upstairs 句末 Don’t sit there.
种类 位置 举例
程度副词，如much，just，still，too 一般位于被修饰的成分之前 This problem is too difficult.
方式副词，如well，hard，badly，carefully 修饰不及物动词，通常放在被修饰的动词后面；修饰及物动词时，一般放在宾语后面 Sally studies very hard in class.
种类 位置 举例
频度副词，如always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>hardly>never 置于be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前 Ken is always ready to help others.
疑问副词，如how, where, when, why 句首 Where do you live？
3．补充说明
(1)地点副词
①如果一个句子里同时出现有表示地点、时间的副词作状语时，通常先放地点后放时间。如：
We will stay at home tomorrow.
②动词＋(零介词)地点副词。如：Go upstairs and look at the view.
③地点副词作定语，必须放在所修饰的名词后面。如：The people here love the flowers very much.
(2)程度副词
enough修饰形容词或者副词时，须放在形容词或者副词之后。如：We didn’t leave early enough.
(3)方式副词
①及物动词＋副词＋名词＝及物动词＋名词＋副词。如：write down the name＝write the name down
②及物动词＋代词＋副词(代词要放中间)，如：eat them up，pick it up
(4)频度副词
①为了表示强调usually与sometimes等常放在句首；often可与quite或very一起放在句末。如：
Usually he comes early./She dances quite often.
②为了加强语气，频度副词放在句首或句末，而且表示否定意义，如seldom, hardly, never放在句首时，句子要用倒装。如：Never have I seen such a good film before.
(5)疑问副词
①程度副词＋方式副词＋地点副词＋时间副词。如：They are playing games quite happily there now.
②常见how引导的疑问句。如：
How far…/ How soon…/ How long …/ How often…/ How old…/ How much…/ How many…
③表示情感态度的luckily, however等，常修饰整个句子，多位于句首，且常用逗号隔开。如：
Luckily, the police came right away.
(　　)11．(2020四川广元)We should realize that everyone has his or her own merits (优点) and defects (缺点), so we must treat them __________.
A．properly B．actually
C．exactly D．terribly
备考演练
A　
(　　)12．—My grandpa practices playing the guitar __________ in the university for the elderly every day.
—Cool！It’s never too old to learn.
A．hard B．hardly
C．great D．greatly
(　　)13．Sue works __________， so she never seems to make mistakes.
A．late　 B．alone
C．happily D．carefully
A　
D　
(　　)14． If you do a __________ survey of the factory, you will find out more secrets to its success.
A．longer B．older
C．elder　 D．further
(　　)15． According to a recent survey, _________three fifths of working mothers in China don’t want to have a second child.
A．mostly B．especially
C．partly D．nearly
D　
D　
1．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则变化
考点
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
类型 构成 举例
规则 变化 一般加-er，-est near→nearer→nearest, high→higher→highest
以不发音的字母-e结尾时，加-r，-st late→later→latest, nice→nicer→nicest
类型 构成 举例
规则 变化 “辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er，-est happy→happier→happiest, busy→busier→busiest
重读闭音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er, -est big→bigger→biggest, hot→hotter→hottest
类型 构成 举例
规则 变化 多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加more, most tired→more tired→most tired, friendly→more friendly→most friendly
以形容词加-ly构成的副词，在原级前加more, most clearly→more clearly→most clearly, easily→more easily→most easily
(2)不规则变化
many/much→ more→ most good/well→ better→ best
bad/badly/ill→ worse →worst little→ less→ lest
far→ farther→ farthest(表示空间距离) far→ further→ furthest(表示程度)
old→ older→ oldest(强调年龄大小) old→ elder→ eldest(强调辈分)
2．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
3．比较等级的修饰语
等级 常见的修饰词 举例
原级 quite, rather, very, so You are quite right.
比较级 much, far, still, even That boy is much stronger than you.
最高级 by far, almost, nearly或序数词 Watching movies was by far the most popular activity on Saturday afternoon.
4．比较等级的转换
等级转换 举例
原形比较中的“not as/so… as…”可以转换为“比较级＋than” Tom is not so (as) careful as John.
＝Tom is less careful than John.
等级转换 举例
比较级可以表示最高级的意义　 比较级＋than any other名词单数 Betty is taller than any other student in her class.
比较级＋any of the other＋名词复数 Sam is taller than any of the other students in his class.
比较级＋than＋anyone else Tina is taller than anyone else in her class.
No one…＋比较级＋than… No one is taller than Ada in her class.
5．常见含有形容词的固定短语
6．常见形容词和副词词义辨析
词条 用法 举例
lonely 作定语或表语时，表示“孤单，寂寞”的情绪；作定语时，意为“荒凉，偏僻”，多修饰地点名词 It is a lonely place.
Our teachers take good care of us, so we never feel lonely.
词条 用法 举例
alone 作表语时，表示“独自一人”；作副词时，意为“单独，独自” He was sitting in the bed alone when we went to see him.
Peter was alone at that time.
pleased 作表语时，意为“高兴的，满意的”，相当于happy/glad My mother was pleased with my success.
词条 用法 举例
pleasant 作定语或表语时，意为“令人愉快的” What a pleasant surprise！
sleepy 作定语或表语时，意为“困倦的，想睡的” It’s a sleepy cat.
asleep 只作表语，意为“睡着了的”，强调状态 Sue fell asleep in class.
词条 用法 举例
much too ＋形容词，意为“非常，极其，太……” I think the milk is much too hot for the child.
too much ＋不可数名词，意为“太多” There is too much sugar in the coffee.
too many ＋可数名词复数，意为“太多” There are too many people in the market today.
(　　)16．Tom cannot run as __________ as his friends, so he practices running very hard.
A．fast B．faster
C．slow D．slower
备考演练
A　
(　　)17．Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be __________ for me. I can’t do it well.
A．difficult B．too difficult
C．more difficult D．the most difficult
(　　)18．I can’ t keep up with him—he runs ________ than me.
A．much faster B．even worse
C．less carefully D．more carefully
D　
A　
(　　)19．Protecting ourselves is one of __________ things we must do.
A．important B．more important
C．most important D．the most important
(　　)20． In China, when the teacher comes into the classroom, students usually stand up __________ and say hello to him.
A．polite B．politely
C．deep D．deeply
D　
B　
※易混淆考点分析
Ⅰ.形容词、副词的比较级表最高级
注意结合语境，形容词和副词的比较级有时也可以表示最高级含义。
(　　)1．How beautifully she sings! I’ve never heard a ______ voice.
A．better B．best
C．good D．worse
A　
(　　)2．—Do you like eating vegetables and fruits, Rose
—Of course. Nothing is __________， I think.
A．healthy
B．much healthy
C．more healthy
D．the most healthy
C　
Ⅱ.多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的顺序规则
请熟记以下规则：大小现状和新老，颜色国籍(出处)材料。
(　　)3．This is __________ bridge.
A．the first beautiful little white Chinese
B．the first white beautiful little Chinese
C．the first little beautiful Chinese white
D．the first Chinese white beautiful
A　
Ⅲ.形容词、副词表比较等级时的混用
注意原级的使用规则以及使用比较等级时的形容词、副词的变化规则及其用法。
(　　)4．Tom isn’t __________ Lucy. He always makes mistakes in his homework.
A．so carefully as B．so careful as
C．as careful so D．so careful so
B　
(　　)5．Of all the subjects, English is _______ for me.
A．interesting
B．more interesting
C．the most interesting
D．much more interesting
C　
(　　)6．—I am quite upset today.
—Cheer up! The more you smile, the __________ you will feel.
A．happy B．happier
C．happily D．more happily
B　
Ⅳ.形容词、副词降级比较级的运用
(　　)7．This story book is 15 yuan. That story book is 25 yuan. That means this story book is __________ than that one.
A．more expensive
B．expensive
C．less expensive
D．the most expensive.
C　
(　　)8．Tom wrote carefully. But he did __________ than before in the math test. Therefore, he only got a “C”.
A careful B．carefully
C．more carefully D．less carefully
D　
真题再现
广东省卷
(　　)1．(2021语法选择，40)He said __________， “I was a little afraid but there’s no other bridge like this one in the world.It was so worth it.”
A．excite B．excited
C．excitedly D．excitement
C　
2．(2021完形填空，42,43)Some people laughed at the funny job title，but a 9-year-old boy took the information _______.He wrote a letter to the agency, saying that he wanted the job.
“Dear sirs, my name is Sam Lee.I think I am the person for the job, ” he wrote.
(　　)A．simply B．lightly
C．seriously D．clearly
(　　)A．right B．kind
C．important D．favorite
C　
A　
他山之石
(　　)1．(2020温州)—How often do you go to the cinema
—__________. I only watch movies at home.
A．Always B．Usually
C．Sometimes D．Never
D　
(　　)2．(2020新疆)—The song My Country And I is very __________ in China.
—Yes. Chinese like to sing this song to show their love of being Chinese.
A．direct B．clear
C．popular D．correct
C　
(　　)3．(2021广西)The price of this piano is a little __________. I can’t afford it.
A．cheap B．expensive
C．low D．high
(　　)4．(2021北京)The teacher is glad to see that Tony is__________ than before.
A．careful B．more careful
C．most careful D．the most careful
D　
B　
(　　)5．(2021甘肃)It’s not __________ to talk with your mouth full.
A．boring B．polite
C．terrible D．sleepy
B　
模拟提升
A．短文填空基础练
1．(改编)My new classmate is very shy. She speaks so __________ that I can hardly hear her.
2．(改编)In order to send the donations to the hospital as soon as possible, the drivers ________________ stopped to eat or rest during the journey.
quietly　
hardly/seldom　
3．(改编)You needn’t take your wallet while shopping. It’s _____________ to pay on WeChat or Alipay (支付宝).
4．(改编)Tom studies _______，so he _________ fails the exam.
5．(改编)Li Lei didn’t play computer games last weekend. __________， he worked as a volunteer in an old people’s home.
convenient　
hard　
hardly　
Instead　
6．(改编)Although Zhong Nanshan knows the new virus is more ____________to old people, he cares little for his own safety.
7．(改编)The song Let It Go sounds ______________ and it’s popular among young people.
8．(原创)Cheer up, ladies and gentlemen! We are together. Don’t be afraid of the virus. You’re not ________.
dangerous　
nice /great　
alone　
9．(改编)It’s a ________________ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).
10．(改编)The Long March 5 rocket carrying China’s heaviest satellite was _______________ launched.
creative/good　
successfully　
B．语法选择专练
(原创)Life is full of the unexpected. During the Spring Festival of 2020, an __1__ epidemic disease hit Wuhan, people felt __2__.Me, too. I felt sad because I had to stay at home. I expressed my sadness to my mother. But she said, “I heard your younger sister Lucy is having __3__ bad day，too. Why don’t you make her some dumplings？” I didn’t __4__ want to do so, but I didn’t want to go back to my own problems. So I made the dumplings.
When I finished, I put them into hot water until they were ready. And then I went to the her room and knocked at the door. Lucy came to the door __5__. Before she could say anything, I said, “I heard that your life is as bad as mine, __6__ I decided to bring you something. I hope you won’t feel __7__ when things go wrong. I’m here and willing to stand by your side.” The look on Lucy’s face was getting brighter because of this __8__ act. It was as if a dark sky was __9__ lighted by the sun.
At that time, I suddenly understood why mother asked me to do so. In our daily life, we can’t stop the unexpected things from happening, but we can have a __10__ way to face it. I hope you will treat all the unexpected rightly!
(　　)1．A．usually B．unusual
C．usual D．most unusual
(　　)2．A．worry B．worries
C．worrying D．worried
B　
D　
(　　)3．A．a B．an
C．the D．/
(　　)4．A．really B．real
C．realise D．more really
(　　)5．A．quickest B．quick
C．quicker D．quickly
(　　)6．A．or B．but
C．so D．and
A　
A　
D　
C　
(　　)7．A．alone B．loneliness
C．more lonely D．lonely
(　　)8．A．smaller B．smallest
C．small D．the smallest
(　　)9．A．sudden B．suddenly
C．more suddenly D．more sudden
(　　)10．A．the better B．best
C．better D．the best
D　
C　
B　
C　
第一模块　语法专题突破
专题六　形容词与副词
考点聚焦
1．形容词的位置与功能
考点
形容词的位置、功能及构词法
位置 成分 举例
形容词＋名词/代词 定语 The clever boy is my brother.
名词＋形容词 表语 He was the only person asleep last night.
位置 成分 举例
复合不定代词/不定副词＋形容词 定语 I’ve something interesting to tell you.
stay/keep＋宾语＋形容词 宾补 You must keep your eyes closed.
度量词组＋形容词 定语 My sister is 1.9 meters tall.
位置 成分 举例
连系动词/感官动词＋形容词 表语 He feels thirsty.
the＋某些形容词(表示一类人或物) 主/宾语 The rich should help the poor.
形容词＋and/or＋形容词 状语 Lily went to the park, cold and hungry.
说明：enough修饰形容词时，放在所修饰词后。如：The book is easy enough for you to read.
2．形容词的构词法
在英语中，自身是形容词的占大多数，如warm, cold, tall, short, thin, thick等；有少数形容词是由其他词变化而来的，有一定的规律可循。
(1)“名词＋后缀”构成的形容词
(2)-ing形容词和-ed形容词用法的区别
类别 举例
现在分词(-ing)转化来的形容词表示主动意义，表性质特征，意为“令人……的” He was worried about his worrying son.
他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。
过去分词(-ed)转化来的形容词则表示被动意义，表感受或状态，意为“(人)感到……” I’m interested in interesting films.
我对有趣的电影感兴趣。
(3)复合形容词
复合形容词只能够放在名词之前作定语，常见类型：
(　　)1．The 119 passengers are ______ Liu Chuanjian. Without him, they would probably have lost their lives.
A．hard on B．friendly to
C．responsible for D．thankful to　
备考演练
D　
(　　)2．If you’re __________ in the open air, the sun and stars can help you find your way.
A．lost B．lonely
C．sleepy D．thirsty
(　　)3．—Look at the girl in the square!
—Oh! I’m surprised that a ______ girl can dance so well!
A．three-years-old B．three years old　　　　
C．three-year-old D．three years’ old
A　
C　
(　　)4．—Are you clear about the job of a policeman, Ben
—Yes, to keep people ____ and the society in good order.
A．busy B．safe
C．lucky D．healthy
(　　)5．The boy looked _________ because he didn’t pass his maths exam.
A．sad B．sadness
C．saddest D．sadly
B　
A　
考点
含有形容词的常用结构
句型转换： (以下三个句型都是使用形容词的原级)
The little girl is too young to go to school.
＝The little girl is not old enough to go to school.
＝The little girl is so young that she can’t go to school.
(　　)6．It’s almost impossible for __________ few people to do __________ much work.
A．so; as B．so; so
C．such; as D．so; such
(　　)7．The Silk Road was __________ long that it passed through many countries.
A．quite B．too
C．very D．so
备考演练
B　
D　
(　　)8．Audrey Hepburn, one of the greatest actresses, was __________ to take on challenges in her life.
A．enough brave B．brave enough
C．stupid enough D．enough stupid
(　　)9．It’s a _______ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19．
A．cheerful B．classical
C．creative D．curious
B　
C　
(　　)10．(2020贵州黔东南州)I like these books because they offer me a lot of __________ knowledge.
A．useful B．awful
C．useless D．boring
A　
1．副词的构词
(1)本身是副词
如there, here, very, too, now, then, often, ago等。
考点
副词的构词&分类
(2)形容词＋后缀-ly就变成副词
?知识延伸
①有些以-ly结尾的词并不是副词，而是形容词。如：lovely可爱的， lonely孤独的， lively活泼的。
②与介词、形容词或名词同形。如：out，in，above，below，around, fast等。
③有些词虽然既可作形容词也可作副词，但加了-ly后意思相差很大。如：
hard adj. 硬的，困难的，艰难的； adv. 努力地，艰难地，猛烈地； hardly adv. 几乎不
late adj. 迟到；晚的； adv. 迟地；晚地； lately adv. 近来，最近，不久前
2．副词的分类
种类 位置 举例
表示确定的时间副词，如tomorrow，tonight 句首/句末 Will you have dinner with me tonight？
表示不确定的时间副词，如immediately，ago 句首/句末 He lay down and was asleep immediately.
地点副词，如here，there，home，upstairs 句末 Don’t sit there.
种类 位置 举例
程度副词，如much，just，still，too 一般位于被修饰的成分之前 This problem is too difficult.
方式副词，如well，hard，badly，carefully 修饰不及物动词，通常放在被修饰的动词后面；修饰及物动词时，一般放在宾语后面 Sally studies very hard in class.
种类 位置 举例
频度副词，如always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>hardly>never 置于be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前 Ken is always ready to help others.
疑问副词，如how, where, when, why 句首 Where do you live？
3．补充说明
(1)地点副词
①如果一个句子里同时出现有表示地点、时间的副词作状语时，通常先放地点后放时间。如：
We will stay at home tomorrow.
②动词＋(零介词)地点副词。如：Go upstairs and look at the view.
③地点副词作定语，必须放在所修饰的名词后面。如：The people here love the flowers very much.
(2)程度副词
enough修饰形容词或者副词时，须放在形容词或者副词之后。如：We didn’t leave early enough.
(3)方式副词
①及物动词＋副词＋名词＝及物动词＋名词＋副词。如：write down the name＝write the name down
②及物动词＋代词＋副词(代词要放中间)，如：eat them up，pick it up
(4)频度副词
①为了表示强调usually与sometimes等常放在句首；often可与quite或very一起放在句末。如：
Usually he comes early./She dances quite often.
②为了加强语气，频度副词放在句首或句末，而且表示否定意义，如seldom, hardly, never放在句首时，句子要用倒装。如：Never have I seen such a good film before.
(5)疑问副词
①程度副词＋方式副词＋地点副词＋时间副词。如：They are playing games quite happily there now.
②常见how引导的疑问句。如：
How far…/ How soon…/ How long …/ How often…/ How old…/ How much…/ How many…
③表示情感态度的luckily, however等，常修饰整个句子，多位于句首，且常用逗号隔开。如：
Luckily, the police came right away.
(　　)11．(2020四川广元)We should realize that everyone has his or her own merits (优点) and defects (缺点), so we must treat them __________.
A．properly B．actually
C．exactly D．terribly
备考演练
A　
(　　)12．—My grandpa practices playing the guitar __________ in the university for the elderly every day.
—Cool！It’s never too old to learn.
A．hard B．hardly
C．great D．greatly
(　　)13．Sue works __________， so she never seems to make mistakes.
A．late　 B．alone
C．happily D．carefully
A　
D　
(　　)14． If you do a __________ survey of the factory, you will find out more secrets to its success.
A．longer B．older
C．elder　 D．further
(　　)15． According to a recent survey, _________three fifths of working mothers in China don’t want to have a second child.
A．mostly B．especially
C．partly D．nearly
D　
D　
1．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则变化
考点
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
类型 构成 举例
规则 变化 一般加-er，-est near→nearer→nearest, high→higher→highest
以不发音的字母-e结尾时，加-r，-st late→later→latest, nice→nicer→nicest
类型 构成 举例
规则 变化 “辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er，-est happy→happier→happiest, busy→busier→busiest
重读闭音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er, -est big→bigger→biggest, hot→hotter→hottest
类型 构成 举例
规则 变化 多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加more, most tired→more tired→most tired, friendly→more friendly→most friendly
以形容词加-ly构成的副词，在原级前加more, most clearly→more clearly→most clearly, easily→more easily→most easily
(2)不规则变化
many/much→ more→ most good/well→ better→ best
bad/badly/ill→ worse →worst little→ less→ lest
far→ farther→ farthest(表示空间距离) far→ further→ furthest(表示程度)
old→ older→ oldest(强调年龄大小) old→ elder→ eldest(强调辈分)
2．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
3．比较等级的修饰语
等级 常见的修饰词 举例
原级 quite, rather, very, so You are quite right.
比较级 much, far, still, even That boy is much stronger than you.
最高级 by far, almost, nearly或序数词 Watching movies was by far the most popular activity on Saturday afternoon.
4．比较等级的转换
等级转换 举例
原形比较中的“not as/so… as…”可以转换为“比较级＋than” Tom is not so (as) careful as John.
＝Tom is less careful than John.
等级转换 举例
比较级可以表示最高级的意义　 比较级＋than any other名词单数 Betty is taller than any other student in her class.
比较级＋any of the other＋名词复数 Sam is taller than any of the other students in his class.
比较级＋than＋anyone else Tina is taller than anyone else in her class.
No one…＋比较级＋than… No one is taller than Ada in her class.
5．常见含有形容词的固定短语
6．常见形容词和副词词义辨析
词条 用法 举例
lonely 作定语或表语时，表示“孤单，寂寞”的情绪；作定语时，意为“荒凉，偏僻”，多修饰地点名词 It is a lonely place.
Our teachers take good care of us, so we never feel lonely.
词条 用法 举例
alone 作表语时，表示“独自一人”；作副词时，意为“单独，独自” He was sitting in the bed alone when we went to see him.
Peter was alone at that time.
pleased 作表语时，意为“高兴的，满意的”，相当于happy/glad My mother was pleased with my success.
词条 用法 举例
pleasant 作定语或表语时，意为“令人愉快的” What a pleasant surprise！
sleepy 作定语或表语时，意为“困倦的，想睡的” It’s a sleepy cat.
asleep 只作表语，意为“睡着了的”，强调状态 Sue fell asleep in class.
词条 用法 举例
much too ＋形容词，意为“非常，极其，太……” I think the milk is much too hot for the child.
too much ＋不可数名词，意为“太多” There is too much sugar in the coffee.
too many ＋可数名词复数，意为“太多” There are too many people in the market today.
(　　)16．Tom cannot run as __________ as his friends, so he practices running very hard.
A．fast B．faster
C．slow D．slower
备考演练
A　
(　　)17．Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be __________ for me. I can’t do it well.
A．difficult B．too difficult
C．more difficult D．the most difficult
(　　)18．I can’ t keep up with him—he runs ________ than me.
A．much faster B．even worse
C．less carefully D．more carefully
D　
A　
(　　)19．Protecting ourselves is one of __________ things we must do.
A．important B．more important
C．most important D．the most important
(　　)20． In China, when the teacher comes into the classroom, students usually stand up __________ and say hello to him.
A．polite B．politely
C．deep D．deeply
D　
B　
※易混淆考点分析
Ⅰ.形容词、副词的比较级表最高级
注意结合语境，形容词和副词的比较级有时也可以表示最高级含义。
(　　)1．How beautifully she sings! I’ve never heard a ______ voice.
A．better B．best
C．good D．worse
A　
(　　)2．—Do you like eating vegetables and fruits, Rose
—Of course. Nothing is __________， I think.
A．healthy
B．much healthy
C．more healthy
D．the most healthy
C　
Ⅱ.多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的顺序规则
请熟记以下规则：大小现状和新老，颜色国籍(出处)材料。
(　　)3．This is __________ bridge.
A．the first beautiful little white Chinese
B．the first white beautiful little Chinese
C．the first little beautiful Chinese white
D．the first Chinese white beautiful
A　
Ⅲ.形容词、副词表比较等级时的混用
注意原级的使用规则以及使用比较等级时的形容词、副词的变化规则及其用法。
(　　)4．Tom isn’t __________ Lucy. He always makes mistakes in his homework.
A．so carefully as B．so careful as
C．as careful so D．so careful so
B　
(　　)5．Of all the subjects, English is _______ for me.
A．interesting
B．more interesting
C．the most interesting
D．much more interesting
C　
(　　)6．—I am quite upset today.
—Cheer up! The more you smile, the __________ you will feel.
A．happy B．happier
C．happily D．more happily
B　
Ⅳ.形容词、副词降级比较级的运用
(　　)7．This story book is 15 yuan. That story book is 25 yuan. That means this story book is __________ than that one.
A．more expensive
B．expensive
C．less expensive
D．the most expensive.
C　
(　　)8．Tom wrote carefully. But he did __________ than before in the math test. Therefore, he only got a “C”.
A careful B．carefully
C．more carefully D．less carefully
D　
真题再现
广东省卷
(　　)1．(2021语法选择，40)He said __________， “I was a little afraid but there’s no other bridge like this one in the world.It was so worth it.”
A．excite B．excited
C．excitedly D．excitement
C　
2．(2021完形填空，42,43)Some people laughed at the funny job title，but a 9-year-old boy took the information _______.He wrote a letter to the agency, saying that he wanted the job.
“Dear sirs, my name is Sam Lee.I think I am the person for the job, ” he wrote.
(　　)A．simply B．lightly
C．seriously D．clearly
(　　)A．right B．kind
C．important D．favorite
C　
A　
他山之石
(　　)1．(2020温州)—How often do you go to the cinema
—__________. I only watch movies at home.
A．Always B．Usually
C．Sometimes D．Never
D　
(　　)2．(2020新疆)—The song My Country And I is very __________ in China.
—Yes. Chinese like to sing this song to show their love of being Chinese.
A．direct B．clear
C．popular D．correct
C　
(　　)3．(2021广西)The price of this piano is a little __________. I can’t afford it.
A．cheap B．expensive
C．low D．high
(　　)4．(2021北京)The teacher is glad to see that Tony is__________ than before.
A．careful B．more careful
C．most careful D．the most careful
D　
B　
(　　)5．(2021甘肃)It’s not __________ to talk with your mouth full.
A．boring B．polite
C．terrible D．sleepy
B　
模拟提升
A．短文填空基础练
1．(改编)My new classmate is very shy. She speaks so __________ that I can hardly hear her.
2．(改编)In order to send the donations to the hospital as soon as possible, the drivers ________________ stopped to eat or rest during the journey.
quietly　
hardly/seldom　
3．(改编)You needn’t take your wallet while shopping. It’s _____________ to pay on WeChat or Alipay (支付宝).
4．(改编)Tom studies _______，so he _________ fails the exam.
5．(改编)Li Lei didn’t play computer games last weekend. __________， he worked as a volunteer in an old people’s home.
convenient　
hard　
hardly　
Instead　
6．(改编)Although Zhong Nanshan knows the new virus is more ____________to old people, he cares little for his own safety.
7．(改编)The song Let It Go sounds ______________ and it’s popular among young people.
8．(原创)Cheer up, ladies and gentlemen! We are together. Don’t be afraid of the virus. You’re not ________.
dangerous　
nice /great　
alone　
9．(改编)It’s a ________________ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).
10．(改编)The Long March 5 rocket carrying China’s heaviest satellite was _______________ launched.
creative/good　
successfully　
B．语法选择专练
(原创)Life is full of the unexpected. During the Spring Festival of 2020, an __1__ epidemic disease hit Wuhan, people felt __2__.Me, too. I felt sad because I had to stay at home. I expressed my sadness to my mother. But she said, “I heard your younger sister Lucy is having __3__ bad day，too. Why don’t you make her some dumplings？” I didn’t __4__ want to do so, but I didn’t want to go back to my own problems. So I made the dumplings.
When I finished, I put them into hot water until they were ready. And then I went to the her room and knocked at the door. Lucy came to the door __5__. Before she could say anything, I said, “I heard that your life is as bad as mine, __6__ I decided to bring you something. I hope you won’t feel __7__ when things go wrong. I’m here and willing to stand by your side.” The look on Lucy’s face was getting brighter because of this __8__ act. It was as if a dark sky was __9__ lighted by the sun.
At that time, I suddenly understood why mother asked me to do so. In our daily life, we can’t stop the unexpected things from happening, but we can have a __10__ way to face it. I hope you will treat all the unexpected rightly!
(　　)1．A．usually B．unusual
C．usual D．most unusual
(　　)2．A．worry B．worries
C．worrying D．worried
B　
D　
(　　)3．A．a B．an
C．the D．/
(　　)4．A．really B．real
C．realise D．more really
(　　)5．A．quickest B．quick
C．quicker D．quickly
(　　)6．A．or B．but
C．so D．and
A　
A　
D　
C　
(　　)7．A．alone B．loneliness
C．more lonely D．lonely
(　　)8．A．smaller B．smallest
C．small D．the smallest
(　　)9．A．sudden B．suddenly
C．more suddenly D．more sudden
(　　)10．A．the better B．best
C．better D．the best
D　
C　
B　
C