(共21张PPT)
中考英语一轮
专题复习
介词和介词短语
人教新目标版
命题趋势+中考考察重点
命题趋势
介词是一种虚词，不能单独做句子成分，必须与它后面的名词或代词构成介词短语，才能在句子中充当一个成分，且在句子的构成中起着非常重要的作用。在中考中拒户各种题型都能考到介词，多为直接考查几个常用介词的用法，同时也会考一些固定搭配。需要我们在备考时注意归纳、总结、记清一些固定搭配，在深入理解的基础上进行对比，牢固记忆。 但同时介词也是英语中一个最少规则可循的词类，几乎每个计策都可用来表达多种不同含义，通过广泛阅读，认真比较，方能收到良好的效果。
中考考察重点
1.掌握介词的意义和用法
2. 熟练运用某些介词构成的短语及其用法。
3. 区分几组易混介词。
4. 区分并会运用 “动词+介词”和“动词+副词”两种结构
Presentation
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
考向一：时间介词的用法
巧学妙记 in , on , at
词条 用法 举例
at
on
in
用来表示在具体的时刻或年龄
at 8:00 在八点 at noon
at the age of 15
用来表示在具体的某一天或特定的某一天的上午/下午/晚上
on June 1st on a could winter day
on aturday morning
on the evening of September 10th .
用在星期、节日前
on Monday on Teachers’ Day
(1)用在某个世纪年份、月份、季节前或泛指在上午、下午或晚上
(2)“in+一段时间”表示在一段时间之后，用于将来时
in the 21st century in 2020 in October
in spring
in a few days
in the morning /afternoon /evening
年月季节前要用in, 具体日子前要用on . at用在时刻前，亦与正午、午夜连。黎明终止和开端，at与之紧相伴。
Pair work
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
典例
1. -What do you usually get up every day
-______ about 6：00 a.m.
A. At B. On C. In
A 表示在几点钟时应用介词at . 句意：你通常几点起床？大约早上6：00.
2. I am going to get my mother a camera ______ Mother’s day .
A. at B. on C. in D. to
B 节日名称前用介词on . 句意为：我打算母亲节那天给我妈妈买一部相机。
3. He’ll come back _____ a week .
A. from B. at C. after D. in
D in a week 表示 “一周后”，与前面will相对应，故选D。
B
B
D
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
二、during，for, through
三、其他常见的时间介词
词条 用法 举例
during
for
through
词条 用法 举例
since
before
after
from
表示 “在...期间”指从开始到结束
during the summer holiday
后接时间段，常与完成时连用
Alice has been in China for six years
表示“从..开始到结束”，强调动作发生的全过程。
The children are too young to sit through a concert .
后接时间点/时间的分界线，或表示时间点的时间状语从句，常用与现在完成时
I have lived here since 2012.
在....之前
I must finish all the work before ten o’clock .
后接时间点，常用于将来时
I will go to school after seven o’clock .
后接以过去为起点的时间段，多用与过去时
Uncle Tom finished school after three
years .
后接开始的时间，常用搭配:from..to
From now on , I’ll get up early .
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
典例
1. I hear the 2006 World Cup is held in Germany ____ June 9th ____ July 9th
A. on ; and B. from; to C. between ; and D. during ; to
B 有句意”我听说2006年世界杯6月9日到7月9日在德国句型”可知，A、C两项明显错误
答案应填from ..to...
B
2. You should make a good plan _____ you do anything important .
A. before B. after C. though D. until
A 本题考查时间状语连词，由句意可以半段主句动作“make a good plan”应发生在从句
“do anything important”之前，故连词用before.
A
3. We have been good friends _____ we joined the same ping-pong team.
A. after B. befoe C. since D . until
C since后接一个一般过去时的句子或一个过去的时间点。
C
by by+时间点（表过去),常用于过去完成时 By 2020,I had worked there for ten years
by+时间点（表将来），常用于将来完成时 By the end of this term ,I will have learned 1,000 words.
until 表示动作持续到某一时间 We must work here until 10 o’clock .
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
考向二 表示地点和方位的介词
1. at, on, in 和to
词条 用法 举例
at
on
in
to
后接较小的场所或具体地点
at home at the bus station
与....表面接触
on the floor
表示两地接壤
Guangxi is on the west of Guangdong .
表示在较大的地方（国家、省、城市等
in China in Hebei
在周围环境是立体的地方
in the forest in the classroom
在...范围之外，不接壤
Japan is to the east of China .
2. across , through , over 和past
(1)across “横过；穿过”，指从物体表面的一边到另一边。
(2) through “穿过；透过”，指从某一物体的空间内部穿过。
(3) over “越过；翻过“，指从某一物体的上方越过，表面不接触。
(4) past “经过”，指从旁边经过。
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
3. in front of 和in the front of
4. between 和 among
5. over and above
(1) in front of “在...前面“ （范围外 )
eg：There is a tree in front of the classroom .
(2) in the front of “在...前面” (范围内)
eg: Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom .
(1) beteen 表示在两者之间
eg: The school is between the supermarket and the bookshop . .
(2)among表示在三者或三者以上的人或事物之间。
eg: She sits among us , like a student.
词条 含义及用法
over “在...正上方“，不接触，其反义词是under , 意为 “在...正下方“
above “在...的上方”，不接触，且不一定垂直，其反义词是below ,意为“在...下方”
Pair work
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
典例
1. Look! The sun is shining directly into the car. You’d better park it _____ the tree .
A. under B. in front of C.. behind
根据句意：太阳直射到汽车，你最好停在树下。 uner复合句意。
2. Even in winter , the temperature in Hong Kong is always _____zero .
A. above B. below C. over D. under
A 解析：就算在冬天，香港的气温也在零度以上。over表示物体正上方，超，与
温度连用用above .
3. -Guess , how much does it cost
-I think it costs ______ 15 and 20 dollars .
A. from B. between C. among D. with
B 解析： between ...and ...译为 “在...和...两者之间。
A
A
B
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
考向三 表示方式、方法、途径的介词
词条 用法 举例
by
in
on
with
by+表示交通工具的单数名词，且名词前不加任何修饰词，表示交通方式
by plane by bus by subway
by+名词/动名词，表示凭借工具或手段
Some work must be done by hand
in+封闭的交通工具，且名词有限定词
Alan goes to work in his sister’s car
in+某种材料/语言/声音等
She wrote a letter in black ink .
on+开放型或大型交通工具，且名词前有限定词；固定搭配除外，如on foot
My father goes to work on a bus every morning .
表示用网络、电话、收音机、电视等。
They talked on the phone and made a deal.
表示“用； 以； 借助于”，其后常接具体的工具。
I wrote the letter with a pen .
Pair work
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
典例
1. -How are you going to the Summer Palace
-We’re going there _____ bike .
A. for B. at C. of D. by
D 根据题意可知是用某种交通方式去颐和园。 故选D 。
2. We can solve this problem _____ a great variety of ways .
A. on B. in C. at D. before
B 句意为 “用...方法能解决这个问题”既 in a ...way 固定搭配。 “in”表示 “用”。故选B。
3. Here are some flowers _____ you ____ our best wishes .
A. to ; for B. for ; with
C. of ; to D. from ; to
B 第一个空意为 “这些话是送给你的” 用for , 第二个空是 “同时送给你我们的祝愿”用with. 采用直接选择法。
D
B
B
考向知识点梳理+方法技巧+典例
考向四 其他常考介词的用法
（1）except 不包括后面提到的人或事物。
（2）besides 包括后面提到的人或事物。
（3）for 为了； 给； 以...为目的地； 前往。
（4）with 和...一起：有； 伴随； 带有...心情/态度
（5）as 作为； 以....的身份
（6）against 反对； 靠着
考向五 含有介词的短语
常见搭配 举例
动词+介词 look at 看； look for 寻找； think of 想起； arrive in /at 到达
be动词+形容词+介词 be kind of 对...友好； be good at 擅长； be interested in 对..感兴趣; be sorry for 为...抱歉； be late for 迟到
介词+名词 on business 出差； on sale 出售； by accident 偶然； without doubt毫无疑问
其他 at once立刻； with one’s help 在某人的帮助下； by the way 顺便问一下 to one’s surprise 使某人惊奇的是
跟踪训练
1. All of us helped to clean up the old people’s home _____ Eric . He had a bad cold .
A. besides B. against C. except D. with
2. For our safety , everyone must go _____ the temperature check before getting into school.
A. through B. across C. along
3. -I think washing hands every day is good _____ our health .
-Yes, I agree _____ you !
A. to ; to B. with ; to C for ; with D. at ; with
4. More villagers will move to new house _____ 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
5. The bank is ______ the left of the supermarket . It’ s not far.
A. in B. for C. on D. at
6. -Did you go on the Silk Road trip by train
-Yes. The train was great , just like a hotel _____ wheels , it had all that I needed .
A. in B. at C. on D. by
C
A
C
A
C
D
跟踪训练
7. _____ January 25, President Xi told the public that nothing matters more than people’s safety and health .
A. From B. On C. In
8. -How long have you had the cellphone , Kangkang
-I’ve had it ______ two months . It helps me a lot .
A. for B. since C. in D. on
9. It’s hard to turn down a banana . They taste good and you don’t have to wash them _______ eating them.
A. until B. after C. before
10. Usually I make breakfast for my family ______ Saturday .
A. at B. in C. on D. to
11. -In order to win the new pneumonia Resistance War (抗击新型肺炎战）,many heroes lost their lives . How great they are !
-Yeah . China is quite an unusual country . I take pride ____ my motherland .
A. of B. for C. in D. with
B
A
C
C
C
真题在线
1.（2021.天津）Helen’s mother always goes shopping _____ Friday afternoons .
A. in B. on C. at
2. (2021.云南） The Chinese survey team remeasured (重新测量）Qomolangma successfully ______May 27, 2020.
A. in B. on C. at
3. (2011.甘肃）To complete her online learning , Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages ______ her teachers .
A. with B. during C. from D. through
4. (2021.四川）Nanjing ijinshan Insect Museum , which will be open to the public soon , was formed at the foot of Zhongshan _____ April 2nd .
A. in B. on C. at D. from
5. (2021.青海） The Ninth Xichang Dragon Boat Race was held _____ June 9th last year . Many people watched it _____ TV.
A. in ; on B. in ; in C. on ; on D. on ; in
6. (2021.江苏）-Mom , look at all the clothes I bought online .
-Again You shouldn’t spend so much money ______clothes .
A. in B. for C. on D. with
B
B
C
B
C
C
Summary
真题在线
7. (2021.黑龙江）The accident happened _____ a cold morning but luckily , no one was injured .
A. at B. on C. in
8. (2021.新疆）It is going to rain . Take an umbrella ______ you.
A. with B. at C. in D. from
9. (2021.江苏） -I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey .
-You shouldn’t watch TV too much . It’s bad _____ your eyes .
A. with B. in C. on D. for
10. (2021.四川）-Many people have been back to their work _____ March 5th .
-Cities are brought back to life .
A. for B. in C. since Dduring
B
A
D
C
Homework
真题在线
11. (2021.贵州）A Chinese survey team readched the top of Mount Qomalangma ______ May 27th , 2020 , which will improve human knowledge of nature and scientific development .
A. at B . on C. in
12. (2020.贵州） -You’d better not hang out after school ______ telling your parents . They may worrty about you.
A. by B. with C. without D. after
13. (2020.浙江温州）We had an art festival _____ April 20th , 2020 .
A. on B. in C. at D. for
14. (2020.山东滨州） -Man can’t live _____ water .
A. of B. for C. from D. without
15. (2020.重庆A卷） ____the kind-hearted lady , the homeless boy has a new family .
A. thanks to B. Thank to C. Thanks for D. Thank for
16. (2020.四川自贡）-When are you arriving I’ll pick you up _____ the station .
A. at B. to C. on D. off
B
C
A
D
A
A
模拟测试
1. _____ the help of modern technology , scientists got a photo of a black hole
A. At B. In C. On D. With
2. On sunny day , my grandma often reads a novel _____ the window .
A. by B. for C. with D. from
3. Xinhua Zidian , or the New Chinese Dictionary , was first published _____ 1953.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
4. In the world , more than 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water _____ about 570 million children .
A. with B. for C. towards
5. The high-speed train _____ Qingdao and Beijing travels faster now . The train ride takes only about three hours.
A. from B. among C. in D. between
6. I enjoy talking with my classmates ____our way to school .
A. on B. at C. in D. under
D
A
B
B
D
A
模拟测试
7. I think tea will taste better _____ some milk in it .
A. for B. with C. from D. at
8. -How strange ! You sit in your room ______ for a long time , Li Ming .
-I just want to be quiet for a while . I’m sorry , Dad . I failed the test again .
A. in silence B. in person C. in public D. in fact
9. We will attend the junior high graduation ceremoney _____ June 21st , 2019
A. in B. at C. on
10. We planted some flowers ____ the garden yesterday .
A. on B. to C. in D. of
11. -Is that your headmaster
-You mean the man _____ blue
A. on B. with C. in
12. -What time do you usually get up
-_____ 7:00.
A. At B. In C. On
B
A
C
C
C
A
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中考英语一轮复习 介词和介词短语
吉林省近五年中考真题
( ) 1. Anna is taller than me . She sits _____ _me in the classroom .
between B. from C. behind D. among
( ) 2. Our country has made great progress in the fight _____ blue skies and clear waters .
in B. for C. against D. between
( ) 3. -Your village is really beautiful !
-Thank you . ______ all the villages here have taken on a new look.
For example B. In fact
C First of all D. As a result
( ) 4. Space Day of China falls ______ April 24th every year .
on B. by C. at D. in
( ) 5. I eat rice ______ beef and potatoes . It’s delicious .
in B. on C. with D. for
( ) 6. We left ______ such a hurry that we forgot our tickets .
on B. for C. to D. in
( ) 7. Look ! The sun is shining directly into the car . You’d better park it _____ the tree.
under B. in front of C. behind
( ) 8. In the future, robots will play a more important role in people’s life ______ the development of technology .
ahead of B. instead of C. because of
( ) 9. Since 1921, the Communist Party of China (中国共产党）has been leading the Chinese people _____ a better life .
of B. on C . at D. to
( ) 10. Summer vacation is around the corner . You will have a period of time to relax and then set out on your new journey .
going soon B. coming soon
C at the corner D. out of the corner
( ) 11. -______the government , the last 98.99 million people were helped out of absolute poverty (绝对贫困）。
-You are right . China had achieved a “complete victory” in fighting against poverty by the end of 2020.
In order to B. Thanks to C. According to
( ) 12. The Communist party of China will have its 100th birthday ______ July 1, 2021.
in B. on C. for D. at
( ) 13. -I’m proud of our China’s Tiangong Station plan .
-Me, too. We have taken another step ______ our space dream .
behind B. towards C. across D. besides
( ) 14. The Communist Party of China was set up _____ July , 1921 and we will celebrate her 100th birthday this year.
on B. at C. in D. by
( ) 15. Ms. Huang was very pleased because her husband and daughter bought a beautiful dress ______ her on her birthday .
for B. from C . to D. of
2022年中考模拟训练
( ) 1. _____Thanksgiving Day Americans usually eat the pies _______ pumpkin .
For ; with B. On ; with C. In ; in D. At ; of
( ) 2. -I joined the League ______ May 2008. What about you
-I’ve been a League member ______ three years .
in ; for B. on ; in C. on ; for D. in ; since
( ) 3. -What time do you expect me back , Mom
-Say , ______ half an hour .
at B. before C. in D.for
( ) 4. We tried to stop him ______ climbing the mountain on his own .
from B. by C. with D. for
( ) 5. Even in winter , the temperature in Hong Kong is always _____ zero .
above B. below C. over D. under
( ) 6. Remember to spend some time _____ your loved ones , because they’re not going to be around forever .
from B. with C. in D. on
( ) 7. -When did your uncle arrive ______ China
-He got to Guangzhou ______ the morning of the 16th of April .
at ; in B. in ; in C. to ; on D. in ; on
( ) 8. It is careless ______ Tom to mistake the instrument _______ a toy again .
for ; as B. of ; as C. for ; for D. of ; for
( ) 9. -It’s very important ______ us to make a plan before a new term .
-Yes. You must try to make it carefully .
of B. for C. to
( ) 10. -Guess , how much does it cost
-I think it costs _____ 15 and 20 dollars .
from B. between C. among D. with
参考答案
真题：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 DACDB 11-15 BBBCA
模拟： 1-5 BACAA 6-10 DDDBB
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