人教版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit 5 Languages Around the World 定语从句的基本用法同步复习课件（17张）

(共17张PPT)
语法专题一
定语从句
The book which he bought on Sunday is interesting.
He who laughs last laughs best.
先行词
antecedent
放置于名词之_____，修饰名词的从句
关系词
1. 连接作用
2. 在从句中充当成分
3. 指代先行词
后
关系词
1. 关系代词
（主、宾、表）
2. 关系副词
（状语）: when where why
指人：who whom
指物: which
3. 指人和物：
that whose（定语）
4. 指某一情况:
which as
知识点一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1) A plane is a machine ___________ can fly.
2) The car _______________ my uncle bought last
week was stolen.
3) The students _____________ don’t study hard
will not pass the exam.
4) The woman ___________________ you saw in
the park is our English teacher.
5) ______ we all know, he is a successful man.
which/that
(which/that)
who/that
(whom/that/who)
As
1.关系代词that与which的用法区别
1）先行词指物时只用that引导的定语从句。
①当先行词是不定代词all, much, something, anything, nothing, everything, none等。
Is there anything (that) I can do for you
I’ll lend you some books that are interesting.
②当先行词前面被the only, the very /the right(恰恰，正好)等词修饰时。
The only thing (that) we can do is to give you some money.
③当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best that has been used against pollution.
This is the most interesting film (that) I've ever seen.
④当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。
What is the first American film (that) you have seen
⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons (that) they are talking about？
⑥当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
Which is the bike (that) you lost
Who is the boy that won the gold medal
Practice
1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle
_______ were in the fields.
2.The wind blew down the tallest tree ______ is in
front of our school gate.
3.This is the very thing ______ I was looking for.
4.This is the second novel ______I have ever read.
5.There is nothing in the world ____can frighten me.
6.Who is the man _______is reading under the tree
that
that
that
that
that
that
(2)只用which而不用that引导的定语从句
①非限制性定语从句只用which而不能用that。
He wrote a book, ______ is on how to learn English
well. 非限制性定语从句
He wrote a book which/that is on how to learn English
well. 限制性定语从句
②在介词提前的定语从句中，只用which而不用that。
This is the place in ______ Lu Xun used to live.
which
which
2.关系代词whose的用法
1) A child whose parents are dead is called an
orphan. (孤儿)
2) They live in a house , whose windows face
south.
whose windows=the windows of which
=of which the window
3) I’m painting a house, the roof ____________is round.
of which
3.关系代词as引导的定语从句
(1)as用于限制性定语从句
He is such a respectable man as we all respect .
He is such a respectable man that we all
respect him.
This is the same wallet as he lost yesterday.
This is the same wallet that he lost yesterday.
(2)as表示“正如，正像”
as从句中常用know, expect, happen, point out, plan, suggest等单词或短语。
He came back home late，as we expected.
As is pointed out, this is a grammar problem.
知识点二 关系副词引导的定语从句
1.当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。表时间用when，表地点用where，表原因用why引导
1)He will always remember the day when(=on which)
his father returned from America.
2)The factory where(=in which) his father works is
the largest one in this city.
3) I don't know the reason why(=for which) he was
absent today.
2.抽象地点名词+关系副词where
当先行词是case stage degree point situation atmosphere environment ,race等抽象地点名词时。
They have reached the point ________ they have to separate with each other.
2) Nowadays people are more concerned about the
environment__________ they live.
3) Life is like a long race ________ we compete with
others to go beyond ourselves.
where
where
where
3.关系代词和关系副词的区别
1.I’ll never forget the days______ we worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days ______ we spent together.
3.I went to the place______ I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place _________ I visited ten years ago.
5.This is the reason _______________ he was late.
6.This is the reason __________________ he gave.
when
(which)
where
(which)
why
(which/that)
知识点三
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which或whom
1) This is the school in which you will study.
2) I have no money with which I can buy a dictionary.
3) This is the teacher from whom you’ll learn
English.
4)The gentleman about whom you told me
just now proved to be a thief.
介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素
1.与先行词的搭配关系
1）I will never forget the day _______ I joined the army.
2) I will never forget the days ___ I worked in the school.
3) I will never forget the year ___ my son went to college.
4) I will never forget the school ____ I studied.
5) He came to a farm, _____ he finally settled (安顿).
on which
during which
in which
in which
on which
2. 与从句中谓语动词的固定搭配
1）Have you found the book ___ I paid $29
Have you found the book ___ I spent $29
Have you found the book ___ we learnt a lot
Do you know the man ____ she often talks
This is the boy _____ I take pride.
for which
on which
from which
about whom
in whom
谢谢观看