Using language
Listening and speaking
教学内容分析
The emphasis of this period will be placed on listening and speaking.There are altogether three texts for the students to listen to in this period：one is in the Student's Book and the other two are in the Workbook.The first one(on Page 23，Listening and speaking)is a dialogue between two girls—Tina and Sara.Tina wants Sara to go to a disco with her，but Sara is nervous about going because she is afraid that it would not be safe to attend such a social gathering.So Tina is giving Sara some advice about how to remain safe at a social gathering where alcohol and drugs may be present.
The second one(on Page 55，Listening)is a conversation between a doctor and a student.Li Yue is a high school student.She began to feel sick all the time during her final year.So she went to see the doctor and they are talking about Li Yue's problems.
And the third one(on Page 58，Listening Task)is a speech given by Li Yue which is about stress and how to avoid stress.
三维目标设计
Knowledge and skills
1．To understand the meanings of the following key words while hearing them in the tape：abortion(流产)，cigar(香烟)．
2．To enable the students to understand the listening texts.
3．To help the students learn how to give，warning，permission and prohibition.
Process and methods
1．Smoothing away language problems if any before listening.
Before asking the students to listen to the tape，help them to smooth away any language problems such as new words and expressions that they may not understand while listening.
2．Listening for needed information.
Before asking the students to listen to the tape for the first time，give them one or two questions about the general idea of the text so as to lead the students to concentrate only on the needed information.Then ask them to listen to the tape for a second or even a third time for some specific information by giving them some detailed questions to answer.
3．Speaking freely and making conversations.
The students may be asked to give their own points of view and attitudes towards certain subject mentioned in the text.
Emotion，attitude and value
1．To stimulate students' sense of communication and cooperation.
2．To help students realize what is healthy life styles and how to stay away from bad behavior.
教学重、难点
1．The understanding of the listening texts.
2．The expressing of，warning，permission and prohibition.
?Step 1 Revision
1．Get students to retell the text.
2．Check the answers of the exercises in Learning about Language and explain the difficulties.
?Step 2 Listening
1．Listen to Text 1(Page 23)and do the following exercises.
(1)Listen for the first time and tick Sara's concerns.
AIDS( )，drugs( )，abortion( )，smoking( )，alcohol( )，strangers( )，money( )，dancing( )，orange juice( )，cigar( )
(2)Listen again and complete Tina's sentences.
①Just say“no”．You ______.
②It is OK to______.
③It would be a good idea to______.
④If someone offers you a cigarette，______.
⑤Well，I'll______.Let's______.
(3)Listen to the tape for a third time and check the answers.
2．Listen to Text 2(Page 55)and do the following exercises.
(1)Listen for the first time and choose the main idea of the dialogue.
A．Li Yue is busy preparing exams.
B．Li Yue is feeling unwell due to stress.
C．Li Yue has too much work to do.
(2)Listen for the second time and choose the best answers to the following questions.
①What's wrong with Li Yue
A．She gets a lot of headaches.
B．She is preparing exams.
C．She relaxes a lot.
②What caused her problem in the doctor's opinion
A．Doing a lot of homework.
B．Stress.
C．Feeling tired all the time.
③The doctor advises Li Yue to______.
A．exercise an hour every day
B．do no more schoolwork
C．keep study and relaxation balanced
④What will the doctor do
A．Do tests for Li Yue.
B．Prescribe some medicine for Li Yue.
C．Teach her some ways to deal with stress.
(3)Listen for the third time and fill in the blanks.
①Well，don't ______.We'll ______.
②But you will actually do better______.
③If the problem is stress，we can talk about ______.
3．Listening task on Page 58.
Before listening，ask students what they think “health week” is.
(1)Listen to the tape for the first time and give the main idea of the dialogue.
(2)Listen to part one for the second time and complete these sentences.
①You see，______was ______ that all I did was study______.
②I never ______，and in the end I______.I started to have ______，I ______，I______ and I ______ all the time.
③In the end，I couldn't study any more because ______ in class.
(3)Listen to part two for a second time and choose the best answers to the following questions.
①What did the doctor tell Li Yue about
A．Taking some medicine.
B．Keeping a balance between study and relaxation.
C．Studying even harder.
②Which is not Li Yue's advice
A．Doing some exercise.
B．Meeting friends.
C．Holding a party.
(4)Listen for a third time，check answers and discuss the following questions.
①Do you agree with Li Yue's advice？Why？_____________________________
②What do you do to relax？___________________________________________________
Suggested answers：
1．(1)drugs，smoking，alcohol，dancing
(2)①don't have to do anything you don't want to
②drink orange juice or something instead
③have something to eat before you go out，like rice or noodles
④don't take it
⑤teach you；Let's get my CD player and start practicing now
2．(1)B (2)ABCA
(3)①get upset；sort it out
②in your exams if you balance study with some relaxation
③ways to relax and still get your schoolwork done
3．(1)Stress and how to avoid it.
(2)①what I did；to worry so much；from morning to night
②relaxed properly；became ill；headaches；didn't sleep well；didn't feel like eating；was tired
③my head hurt so badly that I kept falling asleep
(3)①B ②C
(4)①I don't agree with it.I need to study all the time./I thought it was good.It fits in with my experience.
②Answers may vary.
?Step 3 Speaking
Since the students have learned much knowledge about healthy life by both reading and listening.It's necessary for them to talk about it now.Teach them how to give warning，permission and prohibition by showing them the following sentences on the screen.
(Slide show)
1．Permission
Is it OK/all right to...？ Would you mind if...？ I wonder if I can...
Do you mind if...
2．Warning
It is not a good idea to... Be sure/careful to... Watch out for...
Mind your head/step！ Don't forget to...
3．Prohibition
Do/Don't... You can't/may not... You shouldn't/mustn't... You are not to... You are not allowed to... You are not supposed to...
Ask the students to look at the talking topics shown on the screen and discuss with their partners and then make up their own dialogues.(Show the following on the screen.)
Talking Topics
1．Asking if you can leave bags/a bicycle at an airport/restaurant while you are away for a while.
2．Making suggestions to help someone avoid problems you have already met with and overcome.
3．Think of some rules in classroom or school and try to express them using appropriate structures.
Give the students three minutes to prepare and practice，and then ask two groups to demonstrate their dialogues in front of the whole class.
?Step 4 Reflection after teaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ.Three Powerful Steps to Relieve Stress
Step 1 Exercise
Taking time to exercise will not only improve your body and its physical appearance，it will assist in releasing the stress hormones that have been building up.A daily vigorous walk，jogging，weight lifting，aerobics，swimming，bike riding，dancing or a dance class，football，basketball，etc.are all great ways to relieve the chemical stress hormones.
Step 2 Eating Right
Eating a balanced diet will not only make you feel better it will relieve some of the stress and certainly won't add to it.When you eat a diet high in sugars，cholesterol，and fat，you add to the trauma in your system.Concentrate on a high protein，veggie，fruit diet and you will see remarkable improvements.Also whole grains promote production of the brain neurotransmitter serotonin for a greater sense of well－being.When you combine healthier eating with exercise your body will respond favorably and the stress levels will start to decrease.
Step 3 Change Your Mindset
If you walk around all day saying “I'm so stressed”，you will be.Positive thinking is crucial to relieving the mental stress.Our minds are so powerful that we can actually increase our stress by the way we think and the things we speak.If you develop a new mindset that is positive in nature and optimistic，studies have shown this to be a reliever of stress.Meditation is a prime way to change your mindset and refocus on the positives and what is really important.Try yoga or visualization imagery to assist.
Ⅱ.Reasons Why People Find Relief in Smoking
Smoking is a harmful habit and makes one addicted once they start doing it.However，what are the reasons why people still continue to smoke？These people know the harmful and if long term，even life threatening effects of smoking but it seems nobody heeds the warning.
The number of teenagers smoking today has increased tremendously.Their parents do their best to stop them from starting the habit；however，most of them are unsuccessful.Teenagers experience a feeling of isolation.It is the time that they are confused which role to take in society.Most of them usually have identity crisis at this age and smoking makes them feel better.Once they start smoking，they soon love the feeling of contentment it brings them.Thus，they continue doing it.Peer pressure is also a great factor to this.A teenager would like to belong to a group.Being alone and no friends when you are a teenager is hard.Having some people to support you and accompany you in any social activity feels great.At this stage，teenagers feel their parents don't understand them.Everything that their parents tell them and do is against their will.They still can't understand all the things their parents are doing for them which are for their own good.Those who are non－smokers are often convinced by smokers to engage in this activity.Usually，they would smoke and drink overnight.Teenagers feel that if they won't join the group，they would lose their friends and will be left alone in which they don't want to happen.This is the reason why they continue smoking to be accepted by them.Later in life when they finally decide to stop，it becomes hard as they are already addicted to it.
There are also some people who smoke because of the nature of their jobs.Those who work in a very cold area or at sea smoke to keep their bodies warm.At this time，smoking brings them good benefits.Call center agents and those who work at night love drinking their favorite cup of coffee and smoking at the same time while waiting for their shift at work.This is to keep them awake and attentive to answering their clients and finishing their assigned task.However，they don't consider the long term ill effects of smoking.Smoking is addictive.
Smokers are also those who are experiencing feelings of depression.They find it hard to face the challenges life brings most especially if their problems are too hard to handle.They feel that what can make them feel better is by smoking and drinking.Yes，it is true that smoking could make them feel better but it is just a temporary feeling of relief.
PAGE
5(共24张PPT)
Unit 3 A Healthy Life
Period 4 Using Lauage
人教版 选修6
Revision
HIV/AIDS : Are you at risk
AIDS is said to be one of the biggest killers in the world. As the UNAIDS(联合国艾滋病规划署 ) stated,by the year of 2013, there had been about 35 million people who are infected with HIV around the world.
This passage can be divided into three parts.Now read the text quickly and match the main idea with each section.
Part 1:
Part 2:
Part 3:
information about HIV and AIDS
ways to protect yourself.
some wrong statements.
Fast-Reading
What is HIV
2. What is a person’s immune system
3. What is AIDS
4. How does it spread
5. To avoid AIDS, what should we do or not do
Careful-reading (Part1-2)
Read the text carefully and then answer the following questions:
1. What is HIV
HIV is a ______, a small
____________that causes the
disease---AIDS.
2. What is a person’s immune system
3. What is AIDS
AIDS is a _________ caused by HIV. If HIV damages a person’s immune system so much , the body can __________ fight disease. This stage is called AIDS.
It is the part of the body that _________ disease.
virus
living thing
fights
disease
no longer
4. How does it spread
through
sexual fluid
through blood
through birth
5. To avoid AIDS, what should we do or not do
Don’t share your ______with enyone else.
Don't share anything else that a person has used while____________.
Do use a ________if you have sex with a male oe a female.
needle
injecting drugs
condom
1.Only bad people get AIDS.
2. One can become infected with AIDS by swimming in a pool, shaking hands or kissing someone with AIDS.
3. AIDS is difficult to cure.
4. People who have AIDS look different from
everyone else.
5. It’s safe to be friends with people who are living
with AIDS.
6. It’s very likely to die if one gets infected with AIDS.
7. Mosquitoes(蚊子) can spread AIDS.
F
F
T
F
T
T
F
How should we act towards people who have HIV/AIDS What can we do to help them
Don’t look down upon them.
Show love and care for them.
Help them fight fear and shame.
Treat them as normal people.
Obviously, AIDS patients not only suffer from the disease, but also have to deal with the fear of people.
Discussion
Have you ever been to places like discos, KTVs or nightclubs And do you have some worries when you are in these places
Tina wants Sara to go to a disco with her, but Sara is nervous about going. Now listen to the tape carefully and choose the best answer.
Listening
1. What was Sara worried about
A.Drugs, smoking, AIDS and money
B. Drugs, smoking, alcohol and dancing.
C. Smoking, orange juice, eating and dancing.
2. What advice did Tina give her before she went out
A. Eat some rice or noodles.
B. Drink some orange juice.
C.Have one beer.
3. What are they going to do now
A. To have something to eat.
B. To start practice dancing.
C.To go out to the disco.
B
A
B
Listen to Part 1 again, and fill in the blanks.
1. Just say “no”. You____________ do anything you don't want to.
2. ________to drink orange juice or something instead.
3. _____________________ to have something to eat before you go out, like rice and noodles.
don't have to
It's OK
It would be a good idea
How to give advice to others
How to give advice
It's OK / all right to do...
It would be a good idea to do...
You don't have to do...
You'd better (not) do...
There is no need (for you) to do...
......
Dear students in Class 3,
Can you help me please My best friend has been tested to carry HIV. As I don't know much about AIDS, I'm afraid of getting infected while being with him. But I don't want to hurt him. I feel upset. Please help me.
Yours,
John
Hello, I'm John!
Please write to John to give him some advice.
Structure
show your sympathy and encourage him.
show your opinions about HIV / AIDS and how it is spread.
Give your advice and express your wish
Writing
About HIV/AIDS:
HIV is a virus, while AIDS is a disease caused by HIV.
It is spread in three ways.
You will not get infected by talking, hugging or kissing people with HIV.
About giving advice:
Don't... / Do...
It's OK/ all right to ...
It would be a good idea to ...
You don't have to...
You'd better (not)...
There is no need to...
Tips
Show your sympathy and encourage him.
show your opinions about HIV / AIDS and how it is spread.
Give your advice and express your wish
Dear John,
I'm very sorry that you're in such a difficult situation. __________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Good luck and best wishes.
Yours,
____
Now finish your whole passage! Remember to use some words like firstly, secondly,...
Today we have learned some basic knowledge about HIV and AIDS. We should have a right attitude towards people with HIV/ AIDS and treat them with love and care.
Besides, we also learned how to give advice to others. Hope my lesson will help you a lot.
conclusion
1. Recite your own writing.
2. Find out the important words and phrases in the reading part.(P22).
HomeworkUsing language
Teaching aims: (教学目标)
1. Develop reading ability. Train them how to catch the organization of the text and how to search for detailed information.
2. Develop the accurate attitude towards AIDS sufferers.
3. Enable them how to understand long sentences.
Teaching important points :（教学重点）
1.Teach them some basic knowledge about AIDS so that they don’t put themselves at risk.
2. Develop the accurate attitude towards AIDS sufferers.
3. Enable them how to understand long sentences.
Teaching difficult points :（教学难点）
1. How to enable students to treat the topic honestly and openly.
2. How to rid themselves of prejudice towards AIDS sufferers.
Pre-reading:
1. Be crazy in English
2. Voice your opinions
3. I swear (Purpose：Be ready for class and arouse their enthusiasm for class.)
4.Words quiz (Purpose：Be ready for class and show them a way of remembering new words.自己动手画图片记单词，印象会更深刻)
Teaching procedures:
Step1: Lead-in
Enjoy a video and a piece of news from CCTV.
(Purpose: Introduce the topic and let them know they are at risk now.)
Step2: While-reading
Task1: What’s the main idea of the poster
(Purpose: Train them to catch the main idea by capturing key words and sentences.)
Task2: Skim for the structure of the poster.
(According to the main idea above, think about what each section is about. )
section1: _____________________________________
Three sections: section2:______________________________________
section3: _____________________________________
(Purpose: Teach them to how to catch the organization of the text so that they understand the text as a whole.)
Task3: Read each section carefully and try to get more detailed information.
(Purpose: Develop the students’ ability of getting more detailed information.)
Section1:
1. What’s HIV
HIV is ____ ____ that _______ a person’s immune system and eventually it ________ the immune system so much that the body can no longer ______ ______.
2. What’s AIDS
________________________________________________________
3. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS
________________________________________________________
(Purpose: Understand two concepts: HIV and AIDS. Because the title of the text is : HIV/AIDS : Are you at risk )
Section2:
1.How is HIV spread
___________________________________________
2. Is there a cure for AIDS and HIV at the moment
___________________________________________
How to stay safe:
● Don’t _______ your _______ with anyone else.
● Don’t share ________ _______ while injecting drugs.
● Use a ________ if you have sex with a male or a female.
(Purpose: Section 2 is the key part . Let them know how to stay safe .)
Section3: (Right or Wrong. If it is wrong, try to correct it.)
1.Men get AIDS more easily than women. ( )
2.The moment a person get infected with HIV, he begins to
look sick. ( )
3. Mosquitoes can’t make people infected with HIV/AIDS. ( )
4.Homosexuals are the only people who get AIDS. ( )
(Purpose: Test whether the students have got rid of prejudice by finishing the task.)
Step3: After-reading
Task1: Sum up
Sum up
HIV
AIDS
How does it spread
How to keep safe
Misunderstandings about AIDS
How to understand long sentences
(Purpose: Help the students to develop the good habit of reviewing what they have learned in this lesson .一节一总结 )
Task2: Think and speak
Have you got rid of your prejudice towards AIDS after reading this text
What would you do if you had AIDS patients around
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________ (Purpose: Enable students to express their opinions freely .)
Task3:Work in groups Now act!
If you are a volunteer in the programme started by Cao Xian NO1.Middle School Youth League Committee, make a poster to make more people know about AIDS, and call on people to show love for AIDS sufferers.
(Purpose: Learn in order to practise. 学以致用)
Learning tips :
How to make a poster
1. Give your poster a large heading (标题)
2. Use imperative sentences to list your ideas.
3. Make your poster attractive.
Step4: Assignment
1. List important phrases and expressions related to AIDS.
2. Writing: My attitude to AIDS (patients).
The early symptoms of AIDS
Common symptoms in the following areas:
◎ General symptoms: fever, weakness, sweating, weight loss in the three months up to 10%, to reduce up to 40% of patients suffering from weight loss was particularly evident.
◎ Respiratory symptoms(呼吸症状): long-term cough, chest pain, breathing difficulties
◎Gastrointestinal symptoms(胃肠症状): decreased appetite
◎ Nervous system symptoms: dizziness, headache, slow, mental decline, paralysis
This poster is about what ________ is; how it is ______ and some ways for you to _______ _______ ; It also lists some _______ ideas that people have .
PAGE
4(共30张PPT)
Unit 6 A healthy life
Period 4 Using Language
人教版 选修6
Why do you think adolescents start smoking
What advice would you give them
Discussion
Scan the text and get the main idea of each paragraph
Tip
the first or the last sentence
of each paragraph might be helpful
Scanning
Main idea
Para. 1 Grandad’s health life
Para. 2 The reason for writing the letter
Para. 3 Three causes to become addicted to cigarettes
Para. 4 The harmful effects of smoking
Para. 5 More advice and grandad’s wishes
Post-reading
From the passage, we can learn James’ grandad has the following characteristics EXCEPT________. A. determined B. energetic
C. thoughtful D. out-of-date
You can become… ,which is…
This means…
You can also become…
As you know…
Lastly…
Some people believe…
I think…
But…
How does the writer list the 3 ways naturally to reach
Useful tips
结构联系
使用关系代词which, as(定语从句)
使用指示代词this, that, 和it 避免重复
使用表示时间、次序的副词
逻辑联系
在内容上制造递进、对比、因果、转折等联系
Writing
表时间 recently, nowadays, so far, and, meanwhile, later, afterwards ,finally, eventually…
表层次 firstly, to start with, lastly …
表转折 but, however, otherwise…
表因果 thanks to, due to, therefore, consequently …
表递进 also, even, in addition, what’s more, besides…
表对比 some/others, for one thing/ for another, on one hand/ on the other hand…
表强调 in fact, as a matter of fact, obviously, indeed…
Writing tasks
Task one:
fill in the blanks with suitable conjunctions
Task two (homework)
finish the composition
青少年沉迷网络
现象 部分青少年沉迷网络
原因 没节制地使用网络
后果 与父母缺乏交流；人际交往出现困难，荒废学业
引导方向 正确使用网络，培养多方面兴趣
Paragraph 1
What picture does the writer try to describe
An 81-year-old man having a 20-km bike ride.
What idea does the writer try to convey
A long and active life is due to the healthy life one lives.
Paragraph 2
What is the reason to write such a letter
Why do you think the writer mentions his own experience of smoking
To make his advice more convincing
令人信服的
3 ways to become
WAYS
DETAILS
1 physically …be accustomed to having nicotine…
2 habitually …over and over again…automatically
3 mentally …feel happier, more relaxed …
The harmful effects of smoking.
heart & lung diseases
difficulty in pregnancy
affect… non- smokers
not enjoy sports
terrible smell
yellow fingers
Advice on quitting smoking
Prepare yourself.
Be determined.
Break the habit.
Keep trying.
Relax.
Get help if you need it.
be due to
become addicted to sth
become accustomed to sth
feel in pain
over and over again
do damage to
be taken off a team
in two weeks time
在两周内
归咎、功、因于
对…依赖
对…习惯
感觉疼痛
反复再三
对…造成损害
被球队开除
Phrases
Prepare oneself
Prepare (sb/sth) for sth
to prepare a net for fishing
准备捕鱼的鱼网
to prepare the ground for the seeds.
整理好土地准备播种
Mary is preparing herself for the test tomorrow.
Will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates
Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
+ 时间状语从句
every time
each time
the first time
remind sb that + 宾语从句
remind sb of sth
If you start to feel nervous or stressed, don’t reach for a cigarette.
v.
~for 伸手拿东西
延伸；伸展
eg.The ladder won't reach the window.
3. 到达
They reached London.
n.
伸手可及之距离
eg. within reach of the shops
买东西很方便的地方
eg. The ball was out of reach.
我够不着这个球。
be due to
Her worldwide fame is due to his support.
The accident is due to your careless driving.
The game was put off due to the rain.
因果关系
as/since
for
because of
owing to
thanks to
as a result of
as a result
therefore
so
become addicted to sth
许多孩子都成了电视迷。
Many children have become addicted to television.
Addict n. 吸毒者，沉溺者
Addiction n. 沉湎，成瘾
Addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
accustom
Children easily accustom themselves to new surroundings.
I am accustomed to walking long distances.
You will soon get accustomed to the job.
weaken/damage one’s immune system
fight disease
be spread through blood
find a cure for hiv
share …with
inject the virus into one’s blood
have sex with sb
progress to
risk doing sth
be at risk
削弱、损害免疫系统
对抗疾病
通过血液传播
找到治愈HIV的方法
与…分享
将病毒注射入血液
与…发生性关系
发展成
冒险做…
在冒险
Get close to
It is very likely that
Hug sb
接近
很可能
拥抱
likely 有希望的,有可能的
a likely plan
有成功可能的计划
She is the most likely girl to win the prize.
她是最有希望得奖的女孩。
The train is likely to be late.
这趟火车很可能晚点。
Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.
女性略微比男性更容易感染。
It is likely that she will die of the same disease.
她很可能死于相同的疾病。
risk
at one's own risk 自担风险
at risk 有危险
run risks冒险 (= take risks)
risk one’s life 冒生命危险
Progress vi.发展,进步
Our company cannot progress until we employ more people.
我们公司只有雇用更多的人才能发展。
Mary is progressing in the art of knitting.
玛丽的编织技术不断进步。
until
Until that happens, you need to protect yourself.
在找到新疗法以前，你需要自我保护。
She told me to wait until 10 o’clock.
The red heart she drew on the bottom of her letter stands for “love”.
It is good to listen to other people’s suggestion, but eventually you must trust your own judgement.
It is illegal to advertise cigarettes on television.
In spite of all the warnings about the risk of smoking, many young people still take it up.
It is a good idea to get into the habit of taking some time each day to relax both mentally and physically.
I am ashamed to say that I fainted when the doctor put a needle in my arm and took out some blood.
The film star made a statement to the newspaper announcing that she was pregnant.
we have to decide on two things: the best way to help people who already have AIDS and the best way to educate people who are at risk of becoming infected with virus.Using language
Reading and Writing
教学内容分析
The teaching materials of this period contain two parts.The first part is the reading passage on Page 22 titled HIV/AIDS：Are You at Risk which is about what is HIV/AIDS，how it is contacted and how to protect oneself from getting the disease.The second part is the writing task on Page 24，which asks the students to write a letter to Li Xiaolei to give her some advice on her problems.
三维目标设计
Knowledge and skills
1．To enable the students to know something about what is HIV/AIDS，how it is contacted and how to protect oneself from getting the disease.
2．To get the students to learn the following useful new words and structures：judgment(看法；判决；判断)，awkward(局促不安的；笨拙的)，It is/was...that/who...，be likely to.
3．To help the students learn how to write a letter giving advice.
4．To foster the students' ability in skimming and looking up information in reference books and improve the students' reading ability.
Process and methods
Reading for specific information，summarizing，discussing and practicing.
Emotion，attitude and value
1．To arouse students' awareness of the harm caused by HIV/AIDS.
2．To help students not to put themselves at risk out of ignorance and take a sympathetic attitude towards those who already suffer from the disease instead of looking down upon them.
教学重、难点
1．The understanding of the reading passage.
2．The following key sentences：
(1)For a person to become infected，blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus，has to get inside the body through broken skin or by injection.
(2)Here are some things you can do to make sure you stay safe.
(3)It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
(4)Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.
3．Teaching the students how to write a letter giving advice.
?Step 1 Revision
Check the answers to the grammar exercises on Page 21 and explain the difficult ones.
?Step 2 Lead－in by reading the following sentences
By the end of 2003，an estimated 42 million around the world were living with HIV/AIDS.
During the year,5 million people became infected and an estimated 3 million people died.
About one－third of people living with HIV/AIDS are 15－24 years of age.More than 7 million people in Asia and the Pacific are living with HIV/AIDS.
?Step 3 Pre－reading
It is likely that many students have incorrect information about the disease，so teachers should first get students to talk about something about HIV/AIDS by asking the following questions：Can ordinary people be at the risk of contracting HIV？In what way can people get infected？What measures can people take to protect themselves？Will people die if they have HIV
?Step 4 Fast reading
This passage can be divided into three sections.Scan the text and find out what's the main idea of each section.
Section 1：_____________________________________________________________
Section 2：________________________________________________________________
Section 3：_______________________________________________________________
Suggested answers：
Section 1：Background information about what the disease is.
Section 2：Ways to protect yourself.
Section 3：To make some false beliefs disappear.
?Step 5 Detailed reading
1．Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
Information about HIV Weaken a person's (1)______．Spread through (2)______ or the fluid made during sex.
Ways to protect yourself Don't share your (3)______ with anyone else.Use a condom if you have sex with a male or a female.
Some wrong statements You can tell by (4)______ someone whether or not they have HIV.If you hug，(5)______ someone with AIDS or visit them in their home you will get HIV/AIDS.
2.Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F)．
(1)You can only get HIV from injecting drugs.
(2)It is very likely that you will die if you get infected with HIV.
(3)If you look healthy，you cannot have HIV.
(4)It could be dangerous to have sex without using a condom.
(5)Taking food from the same dishes as someone infected with HIV will give you HIV too.
(6)If you have HIV，you will always get AIDS eventually.
Suggested answers：
1．(1)immune system (2)blood (3)needle (4)looking at (5)touch or kiss
2．FTFTFT
?Step 6 Discussion
Divide the students into groups of six and discuss the following question.
Has your attitude towards people with HIV/AIDS changed after reading the passage？If so，how？If not，why not
Ask one student of each group to report their answer，and the other students can challenge his report.
?Step 7 Language study
Show the students the following language points in a slide show.
1．judgement(P23)
【原句再现】
Before you read this text，what judgements did you make about people with HIV/AIDS
在阅读这篇课文之前，你对感染艾滋病病毒的人有什么看法？
【观察探究】
(1)He passed judgement on the guilty man.
他对那个罪犯作出了裁决。
(2)Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgement.
她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。
(3)In my judgement，we should accept their apology.
依我看，我们应该接受他们的道歉。
【归纳总结】
judgement n．看法；判断；判决；in one's judgement 在某人看来 pass judgement on作出裁决
【词汇辨析】
judgement，discrimination和sense
这些名词均含“识别力、判断”之意。
judgement指经过训练或磨炼或凭经历而得到辨别或判断事物的能力或品质。
discrimination指辨别精微事物的能力，甚至平时观察不到的也可识别出来。
sense指不带幻想、感情或偏见地观察事物，并能作出明智、公平的选择与决定。
2．awkward(P24)
【原句再现】
Then she offered me a cigarette and I felt so embarrassed and awkward.
然后她递给我一支烟，我感到非常尴尬与不安。
【观察探究】
(1)The heavy ax was awkward to use.
这把重斧头不好用。
(2)Your refusal puts me in an awkward position.
你的拒绝让我感到十分为难。
(3)At the formal party，I felt very awkward and out of place.
在正式的舞会上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。
【归纳总结】
awkward adj. 局促不安的，笨拙的
3．For a person to become infected，blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus，has to get inside the body through broken skin，or injection.(P22)
携带病毒的血液或体液必须通过皮肤上的创口或通过注射才能进入人体，使人受感染。
句中有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰blood or sexual fluid；to become infected是不定式短语作person的后置定语。
4．Here are some things you can do to make sure you stay safe.(P22)
你可以按照这里列举的一些注意事项去做，以确保自己安全。
things后跟了一个定语从句you can do；动词不定式短语to make sure you stay safe表示目的，make sure后接宾语从句you stay safe，省略了连接词that，stay 在此处是一个系动词，意为“保持”，后接形容词。例如：
They are going to stay awake to see the lunar eclipse.
他们打算不睡觉等着看月食。
5．It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.(P22)
只有当这种病发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。
It is/was...that/who...是强调结构，它可以用来强调句中的某些成分，如主语、宾语、状语等，但不能用来强调谓语和表语。原句是： A person begins to look sick when the disease has progressed to AIDS.
6．Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.(P22)
女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。
be likely 后接不定式或从句，表示“可能会……”。如：
He's likely to arrive late this afternoon.
他今天下午可能会迟到一会儿。
It's likely that they will camp out tonight.
他们今天晚上可能要在外面露营了。
?Step 8 Writing
1．Read this letter and imagine you are Wang Ping，the adviser who deals with students' problems.Write a letter to give Li Hua some helpful advice.
Dear Wang Ping，Can you help me，please？I have tried to stop smoking several times.I am OK for two days and then I feel really sick and irritable and I have to start smoking again.I know smoking is a bad habit，but I just can't seem to give it up.Do you have any useful tips Yours sincerely，Li Hua
2．Before the students write the passage，guide them to do the following things.
(1)Help students decide the tense of the letter.
(2)Ask them to note down 3－5 tips they would like to include in their letter.
(3)Let them discuss with each other how they will organize their letter.
One possible version：
Dear Li Hua，
I am sorry you have had so much trouble to stop smoking，but I am glad you are still trying.I hope the tips below will help you.
First of all，don't give up.The more often you try，the more likely you are to eventually succeed.When you feel irritable，don't automatically reach for a cigarette to make you feel better.Take a few moments to relax.Start by breathing deeply and lifting your arms out to the side and over your head.
It is a good idea to drink lots of water and eat lots of fruit when you are quitting smoking.This will help to remove the nicotine from your body faster and you won't feel so sick.It is normal to feel a little stressed when you first give up smoking，but try to remember that it will only last a few days and then you will begin to feel much better.
Keep up the good work，Li Hua，and remind yourself how much healthier you will be when you finally quit.
Good luck and best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Wang Ping
?Step 9 Homework
1．Master the language points in the text.
2．阅读下面这封摘自 21st Century的一名中学生的来信，并据此写一封回信(信的开头已为你写好。词数120左右)。回信应包括如下要点：
(1)鼓励Amy坚定求学信心，志存高远。
(2)就Amy的目前状况，提两到三个建议。
Dear Editor，
I am a new student at No.1 Middle School of Chongqing.My home is far from Chongqing，so I must live at school.This is the first time for me to get away from my parents.I feel very sad.When I left home，I could hardly tear myself away from them.I do not want to be alone at school，and I am a shy girl.I have been crying in bed at night these days.I want to stay at home forever.I miss my parents very much.Could you tell me what to do
Your early reply is expected. Regards，
Amy
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Amy，
Thank you for your letter.I am so glad to have a talk about your present situation with you.
People often miss their parents the first time they leave home.Most people do have to leave home for higher education or employment.You cannot live with your parents forever.I think you should realize that present separation will help your academic development and your improvement of personal ability.
You need to make friends in your school，sharing ideas with your classmates who are physically closest to you now.Maybe you will still miss your parents，but your new friends will bring happiness and joy to your new life.Also I suggest you enjoy yourself by taking an active part in different kinds of activities in school.You will get much pleasure from it.
Wish you happy every day.
Faithfully yours，
Editor
?Step 10 Reflection after teaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
What We Still Don't Know About AIDS？(艾滋病还有哪些未解之谜？)
In the 20 years since the first cases of AIDS were detected，scientists say they have learned more about this viral disease than any other.
Yet Peter Piot，who directs the United Nations AIDS program，and Stefano Vella of Rome，president of the International AIDS Society，and other experts say reviewing unanswered questions could prove useful as a measure of progress for AIDS and other diseases.
Among the important broader scientific questions that remain：
1．Why does AIDS predispose infected persons to certain types of cancer and infections
A long－standing belief is that cancer cells constantly develop and are held in check by a healthy immune system.But AIDS has challenged that belief.People with AIDS are much more prone to certain cancers like non－Hodgkins lymphomas and Kaposi's sarcoma，but not to breast，colon and lung，the most common cancers in the United States.This pattern suggests that an impaired immune system，at least the type that occurs in AIDS，does not allow common cancers to develop.
2．What route does HIV take after it enters the body to destroy the immune system
When HIV is transmitted sexually，the virus must cross a tissue barrier to enter the body.How that happens is still unclear.The virus might invade directly or be carried by a series of different kinds of cells.
3．How does HIV subvert the immune system
Although HIV kills the immune cells sent to kill the virus，there is widespread variation in the rate at which HIV infected people become ill with AIDS.So scientists ask：Can the elements of the immune system responsible for that variability be identified？If so，can they be used to stop progression to AIDS in infected individuals and possibly prevent infection in the first place
4．What is the most effective anti－HIV therapy
In theory，early treatment should offer the best chance of preserving immune function.But the new drugs do not completely eliminate HIV from the body so the medicines，which can have dangerous side effects，will have to be taken for a lifetime and perhaps changed to combat resistance.The new policy is expected to recommend that treatment be deferred until there are signs the immune system is weakening.
5．Is a vaccine possible
There is little question that an effective vaccine is crucial to controlling the epidemic.Yet only one has reached the stage of full testing，and there is wide controversy over the degree of protection it will provide.HIV strains that are transmitted in various areas of the world differ genetically.It is not known whether a vaccine derived from one type of HIV will confer protection against other types.
6．In the absence of a vaccine，how can HIV be stopped
Without more incisive，focused behavioral research，prevention messages alone will not stop the global epidemic.
PAGE
1(共15张PPT)
Unit 3 A Healthy Life
Period 4 Using Lauguage
人教版 选修6
Look at some pictures below
1. Discuss :What do you know about HIV/AIDS
AIV
AIDS
Discussion
Will one person get HIV/AIDS through these activities
1.shaking hands, hugging or kissing
2.sharing food
3.coughing or sneezing
4.using toilets or showers
5.using a public phone
6.opening a door
What words or phrases will come to your mind when talking about HIV/AIDS
immune (adj)有免疫力的
sex （n）性；性别--sexual (adj)
inject(v) -- injection(n）注射
condom（n）避孕套
homosexual(n;adj) 同性恋；同性恋的
disco（n）迪斯科舞会
male男人，男性的
female女人，女性的
Step2: Read 1,2paragragh ,then answer the questions:
1.What’s a virus
2.How does HIV affect people’s health
A virus is a very small living thing that cause diease.
HIV virus weakens a person’s immune system and eventually it damages the immune system so much that the body can on longer fight against disease.
Reading
3.What is the difference between AIDS and HIV
4. Is there a cure for AIDS and HIV at the moment
HIV is a virus,while AIDS is the stage of the illness caused by HIV
No,it isn't
How is HIV spread
Through blood ,sexual fluid.
Step3: This passage can be divided into three sections.what’s the purpose of each section
Section1:
Section2:
Section3:
Background information about what the diseases.
Ways to protect yourself.
Some common wrong ideas
about HIV/AIDS.
Test
Step4: Decide the following statements are ture or false.
1.You can only get HIVfrom injecting drugs
2.It is very likely that you will die if you become infected with HIV.
3.If you look healthy you cannot have HIV
4.It could be dangerous to have sex without using a condom.
False
Ture
False
True
5.Taking food from the same dishes as someone infected with HIVwill give you HIV too.
6.If you have HIV,you will always get AIDS eventually.
7.You shouldn’t hug a person with HIV/AIDS.
8.It is easy to tell a person has HIV/AIDS.
False
Ture
False
False
1.Has your attitude changed after reading this text
2.How would you behave in the future if you met a person with HIV /AIDS
Discussion:
1.Find more information about HIV/AIDS on the Internet.
2.Read the text by yourself after class.
Homework
