中考英语答题技巧讲解第 2 讲 听力理解

课件57张PPT。第 2 讲 听力理解 听力是形成英语语言能力的重要组成部分，因此听力测试
也是英语考纲规定的必测能力之一，旨在考查考生理解口头语
言材料和获取口头信息的能力。考纲对考生听力的要求如下：1．能够根据语调和重音理解说话人的意图。
2．能够借助语境克服生词障碍，理解语篇大意。3．能够听懂熟悉话题的谈话，捕捉语篇中的有效信息(如时间、地点、事物、数据等)。4．能够在听的过程中用适当的方式作出反应。
5．能够针对所听的语段内容记录简单信息。广东省初中毕业生学业考试听力理解包括四部分： A.听句子
一、题型分析
此部分是最直观、最容易理解的部分，所涉及的内容主要
有天气、运动项目、时间、职业、动作、价格、物品、交通工
具、动物等。这类题目要求考生学会捕捉录音中的“关键词”，
然后将其转化为图片中的内容，进而 “识图、辨图”，着重考
查考生在微型语境中的图文转换能力，及快速反应和应对能力。例Which sport does Mike prefer?ABC 录音材料
Mike doesn't want to play ping-pong with us.He prefers
swimming.解析通过观察选项图片可知，A 是钓鱼，B 是游泳，C是打乒乓球。听录音时当听到关键信息“He prefers swimming.”
可排除 A、C 选项，确定答案为 B。二、应对技巧1．仔细观察每题所提供的图画内容，根据图画内容预测录音内容。 2．注意对录音中的主要信息进行把握，并纠正自己对图画
内容的错误理解之处，特别注意要将录音听完整，以便排除干
扰项。3．经过分析比较，逐个排除不符合录音材料的图画，选出正确答案。B．听对话一、题型分析 1．考查具体事实和信息，如时间、地点、人物、价钱、数
量、距离、原因、目的、结果等，有时还要对所听到的信息做
加工处理，比如数字运算、比较筛选、同义转换、因果关系等。
常见的提问方式有：(1)Where can the students get the book?
(2)When will Tina have her violin lesson?
(3)What's wrong with Jim?(4)What will the weather be like tomorrow?
(5)Why was Jim late this morning?
(6)Who will be in the sports meeting?(7)How much are these things?(8)How long has the man lived here?(9)How far is it from here to the bookshop?
(10)How many people are there in the club? 2．推测谈话背景，判断人物身份和态度。 要求考生理解
对话地点、背景和对话者的身份及相互关系等。常见的提问方
式有：(1)What's the relationship (关系) between the two speakers?(2)What did the woman mean?(3)Where did the conversation most probably take place?
(4)What are they talking about?例What are they talking about?A.Weather.B.Business.C.Season. 录音材料
W: I am going to London on business.Can you tell me if it
rains a lot there?
M:Yes, it often rains there.解析通过分析所提的问题和选项可知是考查谈话的主题，而捕捉到的听力材料中的关键信息是女士询问下雨(rain)的
事，男士回答的也是有关下雨的事。由此可知他们谈论的话题
是天气。故答案为 A。二、应对技巧1．听录音前先快速浏览所给的选项，通过分析比较，从而预测和把握对话的中心内容。2．在听懂大意的同时，有的放矢地捕捉关键信息，必要时适当做些记录，以便作为判断的依据。 3．听完录音后要善于进行合理推测和判断，侧重于在特定
情景中理解对话的语义，通过合理取舍，选定正确答案。C．听短文一、题型分析 本题的短文主要以故事、人物介绍、天气预报、通知、独
白、演讲稿和书信等为主。与对话理解不同，短文表达一个完
整的思想内容，涉及的词汇量大，知识面广，考查考生对一个
结构比较完整、意义相对连贯的语段的整体理解能力，是一种
高层次的、有难度的听力测试形式。例16.Jack worked ________.
A.on a farmB.in an office
C.in a factory17.Jack got his money ________.
A.every month
B.every weekC.every half month18.This month Jack got ________ money.
A.more
B.lessC.enough19.From this passage we know that ________.
A.the manager believed Jack
B.Jack wasn't an honest man
C.Jack was an honest man20.Jack ________ go on working in this factory.
A.couldB.couldn'tC.didn't know whether to录音材料 Jack worked in a factory, and at the end of last month he got
his money in a paper bag.He opened the bag and found it was
wrong.He got fifty more dollars.He put the money carefully in his
pocket and said nothing to others.A month later, he got his money
again.He found it was wrong again this time.There was not enough
money in his paper bag.Then he went to see the manager.“That's right,” said the manager after Jack told his story,“Imade a mistake last month.For one mistake, I can close my
eyes.But for two, I can't.Thank you, Jack.I've known you already.I
have to choose another man instead of you.I think you should know
what to do in the future.”解析在听录音之前，通过快速浏览所给的 5 个句子及选项，根据所提供的信息，可以推测出短文所涉及的内容是 Jack
的工作问题。5 个句子分别涉及 Jack 在哪里工作、多长时间拿
一次工资、这个月工资是多还是少、Jack 诚不诚实，从而决定
了他是否能留下来继续工作。带着这些问题开始听录音。第一
遍听时只听不记，把注意力集中在有关问题的内容上，把握全
文大意。第二遍听时边听边看边记，重点是把短文中的有关内
容与相关的题目对上号，分析判断后就能很快选出正确的答案，即：16.C17.A 18.B 19.B20.B。二、应对技巧 1．预测文章——听录音前快速浏览所给句子和选项，推测
文章的大意，为听短文找到一定的目的和方向，做到有的放矢。
2．捕捉信息——听第一遍录音时，有目的地用眼光扫描书
面材料，借助书面的提示进一步理解录音内容，一边听一边初
选答案，对于没有听清楚的，适当地做上记号；第二遍通过听
看结合，着重听清疑点、难点，抓住短文的主题并把握与试题
有关的关键信息，并作简单的记录，记录的信息常常是 who,
where, when, whose, why, how 等，以便为复查提供依据。 3．适时答题——根据题目特点适时答题，如果题目与上下
文联系不大，可边听边做，在听的过程中消灭一些问题。要特
别重视少量需要听完全文后通过理解来完成的题目，这就要求
考生抓住文章的中心句(一般在文章的开头或结尾)，因首句往
往阐明讲话的目的或主要内容，尾句则往往是全文的总结。 D．听填信息
一、题型分析 这类题目主要考查考生对所听语言材料的理解能力和正
确获取有用信息的能力。它的信息量大，涉及的语言文化背景
较为广泛，选用的听力材料一般也比较地道，实用性强，如记
录来电、来访登记、医院看病、车站问路，等等。这种试题的
命题方式是：从听力短文中提出要点，给出简单的提示，要求
考生听完短文后将主要的内容根据提示写出来，使要点内容完
整，一目了然。着重考查什么人(Who)、什么时候(When)、什
么地方(Where)、做什么事情(What)以及数字、程度、方式(how
many/much/old, How)等。例Mr.Brown：his 22
teacher 录音材料 Li Lei is ten years old.He started school at the age of 8 at
Huaxing Hope School.He had a great time in school.But he didn't
come to school again.Mr.Brown, his English teacher, went to see
him last Saturday.When he got to Li Lei's home, he found Li Lei's
father ill in bed.Because of his illness, he wanted Li Lei to drop out
of school and work on the farm.Mr.Brown was sad.Luckily, Project
Hope gave some money to Li Lei and paid for his education.Li Lei
has been back to school for a week.解析从表格的提示内容可以看出，第 21 题与数字有关——李雷几岁了；第 22 题与职业有关——布朗先生是他的什么
老师；第 23 题与名称有关——学校叫什么名字；第 24 题与人
员有关——谁生病在床；第 25 题与地点有关——他曾在哪里工
作。因此在听第一遍时要锁定与问题相关的关键信息，如第 21
题与数字有关，当听到“Li Lei is ten years old”时马上作出反应，
立即(用简易符号)记下“ten years old”；在听第二遍时进一步核
实是否为“ten years old”，听完后检查所填单词的拼写及形式是
否正确。二、应对技巧 1．预测内容——听录音前应阅读试卷上的题干材料，特别
是前面的提示内容和表格的第一行和第一列，预测对话或短文
的话题，了解需要填写的信息，明确听时的重点。 2．信息定位——听第一遍录音时要注意信息定位，边听边
顺着题干内容走，当听到空格处要快速记下所要填写的内容，
最好使用简易符号速记，如果第一遍没能听出来，听第二遍时
就要特别留神了。 3．绝不留空——如果答案是两个单词，考生只会其中的一
个也一定要写上，因为即使不完全正确，但如果表达了所需要
的信息，也一样得分。 4．认真复查——听第二遍时要认真检查所填信息的正确
性，注意信息的完整性。听力测试结束后要检查词语的拼写、
大小写、适当形式等。 (一)
2011 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试
A.听句子
根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画
回答问题，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每小题听
一遍。
( )1.What does Tina often do in her free time?ABCB( )2.Where is the boy going this afternoon?ABC( )3.How did Peter go to work today?ABCBA( )4.Which animal is the most popular for children?ABC( )5.When did the meeting begin?ABCAC B.听对话
回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出
一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每段
对话听两遍。
听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题。
( )6.What does the man do?A.A cleaner.B.A teacher.C.A student.听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题。
( )7.How much will the woman pay?A.4.5 yuan.B.5 yuan.C.9 yuan.AC听第三段对话，回答第 8 小题。( )8.Why did Susan look so sad?A.Because she had an exam.
B.Because she failed the exam.
C.Because she didn't like math.
听第四段对话，回答第 9 小题。( )9.What's wrong with the young man?A.He has a cold.
B.He has a cough.C.He has a headache.BC听第五段对话，回答第 10 小题。
( )10.Who is Miss Deng?
A.A tall lady with short hair.
B.A short lady with long hair.
C.A short lady with short hair.
听第六段对话，回答第 11－12 小题。
( )11.What day is it today?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.( )12.What is the talk about?A.Culture.B.Travel.C.Nature.BBA听第七段对话，回答第 13－15 小题。
( )13.Whom is Jim going to have dinner with this Friday?A.Mary.B.Linda.C.Jim's mother.( )14.What are the two speakers going to eat?
A.Noodles.
B.Hamburgers.
C.Dumplings.
( )15.Where will they eat this Saturday?
A.At North Restaurant.
B.At Indian Restaurant.
C.At Dumpling Restaurant.BCAC.听短文 请根据所听内容，在每小题给出的三个选项中，选出一个
能完成句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂
黑。短文听两遍。( )16.It's ________ from Paul's home to school.A.twenty minutes' ride
B.twenty minutes' walk
C.twenty minutes' drive( )17.Paul ________ that night.A.didn't sleep well
B.didn't go to bedC.didn't have a dreamBA( )18.Paul felt terrible because he worried about ________.
A.the physics test
B.the Chinese test
C.the English test
( )19.Paul looked for ________ after he got up.
A.his chair
B.his exercise book
C.his notebook
( )20.________ called Paul the next morning.A.TomB.JackC.MikeCCB D.听填信息
你将听到的是一篇介绍 City Park 的短文，请你根据所听内
容填写下面的信息卡。并请将答案写在答题卡相应题目的答题位置上。短文听两遍。Free The Information about City Park
Location:In the city center
Entrance fee (门票):
(21)________
Opening time:
From (22)___________________ to 10:00 p.m.
5：00 a．m./5 a．m.Attractions:secondrosesgo boating ◆The best area for sports in the city.
◆The (23)_________ largest park in the city.
◆The garden inside is famous for (24)_______.
◆The City Zoo is older than any other zoo in the country.
◆People can play basketball, do some running, (25)________
and have a picnic in it. (二)
2010 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试
A.听句子
根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画
回答问题，并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答
题位置上。若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选
项涂黑。每小题听一遍。
( )1.Who is the speaker's friend?ABCB( )2.Where did the boy go yesterday?ABC( )3.How will the weather be tomorrow?ABCCA( )4.What does Jim do after dinner?ABC( )5.Which sport does Lily like?ABCAB B．听对话
回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出
一个最佳答案，并将其字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位
置上。若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂
黑。每段对话听两遍。
听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题。
( )6.What does Grace think of her day off?A.Boring.B.Terrible.C.Wonderful.听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题。
( )7.How will the woman go to Shanghai?A.By plane.B.By train.C.By bus.BA听第三段对话，回答第 8 小题。( )8.When will the man get to the hotel?A.At 10：00.
B.At 10：15.
C.At 10：30.听第四段对话，回答第 9 小题。( )9.What colour is the cap?A.Red.
B.Blue.C.Black.CB听第五段对话，回答第 10 小题。( )10.Why is Paul so successful in his work?A.Because he never makes any mistakes.
B.Because he is always thinking of others.
C.Because he can answer questions quickly.
听第六段对话，回答第 11－12 小题。( )11.Where is the boy now?A.At home.
B.At school.C.At the restaurant.BA( )12.What is the boy going to eat?A.Some oranges.
B.Some juice.
C.An apple.听第七段对话，回答第 13－15 小题。( )13.Why are they making a robot?A.Because they like making things.B.Because it can help Ben do homework.
C.Because Ben wants to help his mother.CC( )14.What does Ben think the robot can do?A.Do housework.
B.Do homework.
C.Do shopping.( )15.How long will it take them to finish the robot?A.One year.
B.Two years.
C.Three years.AB C.听短文
请根据所听内容，在每小题给出的三个选项中，选出一个
能完成句子的最佳答案，并将其字母编号填写在答卷相应题目
的答题位置上。若用答题卡答题，则将答题卡上对应题目所选
的选项涂黑。短文听两遍。
( )16.Alan was born in ________.A.AmericaB.EnglandC.Australia( )17.Alan moved to London because ________.
A.he liked the city in England
B.his father had a new job there
C.he had a lot of friends thereCB ( )18.Alan enjoyed ________with his friends before moving
to London.A.swimmingB.skatingC.running( )19.The children at school were ________ Alan.A.angry withB.afraid ofC.friendly to ( )20.From the passage, we know Alan ________ his life in
London now.
A.loves
B.dislikes
C.doesn't mindACAD.听填信息in her/the garden 你将听到的是一封新年聚会邀请信，请你根据所听内容填
写下面的邀请卡，并请将答案写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。短文听两遍。friendsDance New Year's Party Invitation Card
Time：(21)___________ afternoon, from 2:00 p.m.to 4:00 p.m.
People：Some of Maria's classmates and (22)__________.
Activities：(23)________.
Sing English songs.
Have afternoon tea (24)_______________.
Address：No.6, New Street.Transportation：Bus No.20 or No.(25)_________.10/Ten(This) Sunday (三)
2009 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试
A.听句子
根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画
回答问题，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每小题听
一遍。
( )1.What's Annie's mother doing now?ABCC( )2.How did the man go to Shanghai?ABC( )3.Who does Henry often talk with?ABCBC( )4.Where does Mary like to swim?ABC( )5.Which festival is the speaker talking about?ABCAAB.听对话 回答每段对话后面的问题，在各题所给的三个选项中选出
一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每段
对话听两遍。听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题。( )6.When did Peter go to the cinema?A.Last Saturday.
B.Last Sunday.
C.Yesterday.C听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题。( )7.Where are the two speakers now?A.In the hospital.
B.In a shop.
C.In a bank.听第三段对话，回答第 8 小题。( )8.Why is Jack unhappy?A.Because he can't borrow money from Fred.
B.Because he can't go to Fred's birthday party.C.Because he has no money to buy a present for his friend.BC听第四段对话，回答第 9 小题。( )9.How long is the stone bridge?A.Nine meters.
B.Ten meters.C.Eleven meters.听第五段对话，回答第 10 小题。( )10.What color is John's bike?A.Black.
B.Blue.C.Yellow.BB听第六段对话，回答第 11－12 小题。( )11.How often does the girl need to water the flowers?A.Three times a week.
B.Twice a week.
C.Once a week.( )12.Where will the boy go?A.Canada.
B.America.
C.England.AC听第七段对话，回答第 13－15 小题。( )13.Where is the bookstore?A.In the shopping center.
B.In the restaurant.
C.In the school.( )14.How can the woman go to the bookstore?A.By car. B.By bike. C.On foot.( )15.What kind of food can the woman have at GreenLand?A.Italian food.
B.Chinese food.
C.French food.ACA C.听短文
请根据所听内容，在每小题给出的三个选项中，选出一个
能完成句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂
黑。短文听两遍。
( )16.This story tells about a ________.
A.special class
B.young teacher
C.beautiful woman
( )17.Tina was _______ years old when she started teaching.A.22B.15C.10BC( )18.Tina wanted to help children who can't ________.A.hearB.seeC.play ( )19.Tina learned to talk with the children by using
________.
A.hands
B.mouth
C.eyes
( )20.Tina teaches the children ________.
A.on weekdays
B.on weekends
C.every dayAABD.听填信息 Jim 想加入健康俱乐部，请你根据 Jim 的介绍填写下面的申
请表(Application Form)。请将答案写在答题卡相应题目的答题
位置上。短文听两遍。Application FormName：Jim WhiteDate of birth：May 27, 1993.Address：29 Lincoln Road, (21)_________ the library.
Family members：Parents and two
(22)_________.
Hobbies：Football, swimming
(23)_________, and tennis.
Prizes：Watson Bay's (24)_______ Player of football in 2008.
Date of last medical examination：
(25)_______ 16, 2008.Telephone：2325-3041E-mail：Jimmy@hotmail.comnext tosistersskatingBestJuly