人教版（2019）选择性必修第二 册Unit1 Science and Scientists Vocabularyand expression词汇课件(22张ppt)

(共22张PPT)
Vocabulary and Expression
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
1. frustrated adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的=disappointed
be frustrated at/with 因/对…灰心丧气
get/feel frustrated 感到沮丧
frustrating adj. 使人沮丧的，令人泄气的
frustrate vt. 使懊恼;使沮丧；阻挠
frustration n.懊恼;沮丧
in frustration 懊恼地/沮丧地
E.g. They felt frustrated ___________ the lack of progress.
It can be very ___________ to find that the size you want isn’t here.
What ___________ me most was the ___________ news about the football match, which made everyone here ___________.
at
frustrating
frustrated
frustrating
frustrated
2. infection Un. 感染；传染 Cn传染病
have/get/develop an infection 受到感染
infect vt. 使感染；传染（常用被动语态）
infect sb. with… 把…传染给…
infectious adj. 传染性的
infected adj.受感染的
be infected with 感染上…
infector n. 传播者，传染者
e.g. Don’t you find her enthusiasm ___________？
Smog can be very dangerous because it causes severe ___________.
Every year, there are people unlucky enough to be infected _______ the flu.
infectious
infections
with
3. subscribe vi. 认购[股份]；定期订购；定期交纳[会费]
subscribe to 同意，赞同
subscriber n. 订阅者
a subscriber to… 一个…的订阅者
subscription n. 订阅[费]
cancel/renew a subscription 退订/续订
e.g. She used to subscribe ___________ an environmental action group.
Write away now for the free album offered to every new ___________.
Copies are available by ___________.可通过订阅获得副本。
to
subscriber
subscriptions
4. suspect v. 怀疑；疑有；不信任
n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
suspect sb. of [doing] sth. 怀疑某人[做]某事
suspect sb./sth. as/to be…怀疑……是……
suspicion n. 怀疑
suspicious adj. 感觉可疑的
e.g. The police suspected the designer ___________ (be) the murder.
Two _________ in connection with the killing are now being questioned.
The police suspect him of ___________ (occupy) the house illegally.
to be
suspects
occupying
拓展：
常用“V+sb.+of sth.”的短语：
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人某疾病
inform sb. of sth. 告知某人某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
remind sb. of sth. 使某人会想起某事
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
要点突破
5. blame vt. 把…归咎于；责怪；指责
n. 责备；指责
blame sb. for[doing] sth. 因[做]某事而责备某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame 应承担责任；该受责备[主动表被动]
be to blame for 应承担…的责任；因…该受责备
accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责; 承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上
e.g. She doesn’t blame anyone ___________ her father’s death.
The narrator was ___________ for the wrong interpretation.
They think the blame should be placed ___________ the conductor.
for
to blame
on
5. link Cn. 联系，纽带
vt. 把…连接起来；相关联
link A to/with B = link A and B [together]把A和B连接/联系起来
be linked with/to 与…有联系/有关
link up [with] [与…] 结合，连接
there is a link between A and B A和B直接有联系
拓展：把……与……连接/联系起来
be related to… be connected with… be associated with…
e.g. Regular air traffic links the city ___________ the rest of the country.
There are a lot of wireless ___________ in a radio.（无线电路）
The television camera ___________ to a computer.
to/with
links
is linked
6. decrease n. 减少,降低,减少量
v.减少,减小,降低
on the decrease 在减少
decrease by… 减少的幅度
decrease (from…) to… 减少后所达到的数量
decrease in 在某方面减少
increase n. 增加，增长 v.增加，增长
e.g. The number of students in each class is ___________ the decrease.
The decrease ___________ sales was almost 20 percent.
The latest warm period has cause the number of glaciers to decrease ___________ 150 in 1850 to 26.
Recently the price of the house in many big cities ______________ （已下降了）10%.
on
in
from
has decreased by
7. thanks to 幸亏;由于 (状) （好的方面）
owing to... 由于; 因为(状)
due to… 由于; 因为(表、状、定) 一般不放在句首
as a result of... 由于; 因为(状)
because of... 因为(状)
on account of…由于 后常接名词
because/since/as/for + 陈述句 由于; 因为
e.g. Thanks ________ his reliable information, we made the right decision.
He was out of work _________________________ a physical inquiry.
Most of the problems were ___________ human error.
______________________________ your help, I got the position advertised in the newspaper.
due to
Thanks to to/owing to /because of
to
due to/owing to /because of
8. cast vt. 投射，向…投以[视线/笑容]，投掷
be cast down [by sth.] [因某事]沮丧,不愉快
cast/throw a shadow over/on 投下一片阴影，给…蒙上阴影
cast aside 抛弃，丢弃，废除
cast away 扔掉，抛弃
cast off 解缆，丢弃，抛弃
e.g. The moon ___________(cast) bright light over the garden when I saw through the window.
Anyone would ___________ (cast)down by such news as that.
Sylvia has been cast ___________ ever since her mother became so ill.
cast
be cast
down
9. pour vt. 倒出，倾泻，斟[饮料]
pour…out 涌出，倒出，倾诉
pour down 流下，[雨]倾盆而下
pour sth. into 把某物倒进……;不断地流进；大量投入……
pour with rain 下滂沱大雨=pour cats and dogs
pour cold water over/on sth. 对某事泼凉水
e.g. I poured the milk from the bottle ___________ the cups.
After the conference the people poured ___________ in crowds.
We were sailing on the sea when it suddenly poured ___________.
The government _____________________________（投入大量资金）the essential projects.
into
out
down
poured a large sum of money into
10. break out [战斗/打斗等不愉快的事情]突然开始,爆发
break in 强行进入，插话，打断
break into 强行闯入，突然开始[笑、唱]
break down 分解, 出故障, [计划等]失败, 垮掉
break through 突围，突破
break up 分解，[关系]破裂
break off 折断，断开，中断
e.g. The Second War ___________ in September 1939.
His car ___________ on the way when he headed to the hospital.
We had to ___________ the house as we had lost the key.
Don’t ___________ when he is clarifying his opinions.
broke out
broke down
break into
break in
11. defend vt.保卫，防守，辩解 guard/protect
defend …against/from… 保卫…免受…
defend oneself 为自己辩护/辩解
defend one’s argument 为某人的论点辩护
defence n. 防御，保护，保卫，防御物
in defence of 为保卫…， 为…辩护
in one’s defence 为某人辩护
a defence against 对…的防御物
defensive adj. 防御的，保护的，保卫的
e.g. The fort cannot be defended ___________ an air attack.
Like their children, parents are often ___________ about their private lives.
The drunken man in worn-out clothes made a gesture in ___________.
from/against
defensive
defence
12. assistant Cn. 助理;助手
assist vt. 帮助；援助；协助 help
assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assistance n.帮助
come to one’s assistance 帮助某人
with the assistance of … 在……的帮助下
e.g. The public is urgently requested to assist police in _______(trace) this man.
I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him ________ (climb) onto the boat.
With the ___________ of his brother, he sold one painting.
tracing
to climb
assistance
13. in charge of 主管，掌管
charge n. 费用；主管
vt. &vi. 收费；控告；指控
take charge of 负责，主管
free of charge 免费
charge sb. for sth. 为某物向某人收费
charge sb. with sth. 指控某人某事
注意： be in charge of 某人主管某物[人做主语]
be in the charge of 某物由某人主管[物做主语]
e.g. Could I speak to whoever is ___________ International Sales
The kitchen is _______________ the cook.
The boss charged us five hundred yuan ______the electrical appliance.
He was charged ___________ murder and sentenced to death.
in charge of
in the charge of
for
with
14. gifted adj. 有天赋的，有天才的，天资聪慧的
be gifted/talented in/at 在…方面有天赋/才华
be gifted with… 具有…天赋(与生俱来)
= be born with
gift Cn. 天赋，天才，才能
have a gift/talent for… 有…天赋
show a talent for 显示出…天赋
e.g. Man is the only creature that is gifted ___________ speech.
Brian is ___________ in writing music; he is likely to be a Beethoven.
I believe my father is a ___________ (talent)man.
talented
with
gifted
e down 落下，降落；（价格）下降；
come down with... 染上...病;患上...病
come down to 可归结为；（风俗、习惯）流传到
come across 偶遇；无意中发现
come about 发生（常与how连用）
come out 出来；出版
come over 来访；拜访
come to 共计；达到；苏醒
e.g. Sales in our company __________ due to the outbreak of the disease.
I ___________ Mary while wandering downtown yesterday.
I wonder how it ___________ that she is two hours late on such a short ship.
came down
came across
come about
16. above all 最重要的是;尤其是
all in all 总而言之
after all 毕竟
in all/total 总共
first of all 首先
not at all 一点也不
e.g. The girl was anxious and began to tremble. ___________, it was the first time that she had been on the stage.
___________, what you had done did annoy him greatly.
___________, you should know what profession suits you.
Above all
All in all
After all
17. fault n.弱点，过错
be one’s fault 是某人的过
be at fault 有过错，有责任
find fault with 找茬儿，挑错，挑剔
it’s one’s fault for (doing) sth.(做)某事是某人的过失
it’s one’s fault that… …是某人的过错
faulty adj. 有错误的，优缺陷的
faultless adj. 完美的，无缺点的
注意：fault 表示“弱点，缺点”时是可数名词，
表示“责任，过错”时是不可数
e.g. The more experienced you are, the easier it is to find fault ___________ other people’s ideas.
If my memory was not__________ fault, it was Thursday.
He has many ___________, but cruelty is not one of them.
It is very easy to _________________ the work of others.
Apologize even if you don’t feel you’re directly ___________.
with
at
faults
at fault
find fault with
Thanks for Attention！