2022年中考英语一轮复习：话题2 个人情况、家庭、朋友与周围的人（78张ppt）

(共78张PPT)
话题二　个人情况、家庭、朋友与周围的人
高频词汇
个人基本信息 名词 1．_______名字；名称
2．_____________背景
3．______年龄
4．birthday_______
name　
background　
age　
生日　
名词 5．address_______
6．job_______
7．______________信息
8．_________性别
9．______________国籍
形容词 1．___________特别喜爱的　　　　 　
2．private_________________
3．_______天生的
地址　
工作　
information　
gender　
nationality　
favorite　
个人的；私人的　
born　
身体部位 名词 1．_______身体
2．_______头
3．_______头发；毛发
4．brain _______
5．mouth_____
6．tooth ______________
body　
head　
hair　
大脑　
嘴　
牙齿(pl.teeth)　
名词 7．___________肩膀
8．________ 心脏
9．__________ 胃；腹部
10．hand_____
11．finger _______
12．foot___________________
shoulder　
heart　
stomach　
手　
手指　
足，脚(pl.feet)　
体貌描述 名词 1．_____________外表
2．height _____________
3．_________重量；分量
形容词 1．___________直的
2．________卷的
3．_______高的
4．short _____________
appearance　
身高；高度　
weight　
straight　
curly　
tall　
矮的；短的　
形容词 5．thin _______________
6．heavy_______
7．_________强壮的
8．_______虚弱的
9．______年老的
10．young _________
11．beautiful_________
12．ugly_________
瘦的；细长的　
重的　
strong　
weak　
old　
年轻的　
美丽的　
丑陋的　
性格特征 名词 1．__________勇敢
2．courage_______
3．_________精力；活力
形容词 1．__________严肃的；稳重的
2．___________有幽默感的
3．_________沉默的
4．active _________________
bravery　
勇气　
energy　
serious　
humorous　
silent　
活跃的；积极的　
形容词 5．brave _________
6．easygoing_____________
7．__________ 仔细的
8．___________ 粗心的
9．_________ 聪明的
10．honest _________
11．patient _________
12．foolish _________
勇敢的　
容易相处的　
careful　
careless　
clever　
诚实的　
耐心的　
愚蠢的　
形容 13．_______懒惰的
14．_________严格的；严厉的
15．______害羞的
16．popular___________
17．responsible_________
18．polite___________
lazy　
strict　
shy　
受欢迎的　
负责的　
有礼貌的　
家人、朋友与周围的人 名词 1．_________家；家庭
2．______________(外)祖父(母)
3．______________(外)祖父
4．parent___________
5．wife_______
6．husband_______
7．______儿子
family　
grandparent　
grandfather　
父(母)亲　
妻子　
丈夫　
son　
名词 8．___________女儿
9．______________________小孩
10．brother_________
11．sister_________
12．relative_____________
13．________叔叔；姨父；姑父
daughter　
child(pl.children)　
兄；弟　
姐；妹　
亲戚；亲属　
uncle　
名词 14．_______婶母；伯母；舅母
15．_________朋友
16．cousin_____________________________
17．friendship_______
18．relationship_____________
aunt　
friend　
堂兄(弟姐妹)；表兄(弟姐妹)　
友谊　
关系；联系　
职业 名词 1．_________人；人们
2．_______________男人；人
3．___________________妇女
4．gentleman_____________
5．lady_______
6．actor_______　
7．__________女演员
people　
man(pl.men)　
woman(pl.women)　
先生；绅士　
女士　
演员　
actress　
名词 8．___________导演
9．_________医生　
10．nurse_______
11．neighbor_______
12．driver_______　
13．___________工程师
director　
doctor　
护士　
邻居　
司机　
engineer　
名词 14．_________领袖；领导
15．__________经理
16．stranger_________
17．teacher_______
动词 1．_______居住；生活
2．__________实现
3．_______ 帮助；援助
leader　
manager　
陌生人　
教师　
live　
achieve　
help　
形容词 1．_______忙碌的；没有时间的
2．___________可怕的
3．_______好的
4．perfect_________________
5．young_________________
6．rich_________
7．__________奇特的；奇怪的
8．_____________成功的；有成就的
busy　
terrible　
good　
完美的；完全的　
幼小的；年轻的　
富有的　
strange　
successful　
短语 1．___________________电话号码
2．_____________名字
3．family name_____
4．junior high school_______
5．__________________在……岁时
6．_______________来自
telephone number　
given name　
姓　
初中　
at the age of…　
be/come from　
核心句型
1．我来自中国。I _______________ China.
2．我的梦想会实现的。My dream will ____________.
3．我乐于和别人交朋友。
I enjoy _________________ with others.
am/come from　
come true　
making friends　
4．从今以后，我不但要更加努力学习，还要尽力取得更好的成绩。
From now on, I ______________ study harder, _________ try my best to get better grades.
5．在我回家的路上，我碰见了我的老朋友。
I ______________ my old friend on my way home.
6．我很高兴我们相互有共同之处。
I am glad that we ___________________________ with each other.
will not only　
but also　
came across　
have something in common　
备考冲刺
一、语法选择
(原创)When I was in college, my mother got very sick.There was something wrong with her heart.I had lost my father in__1__ accident.I didn’t want to lose my mother.I’d like to do anything I could do__2__ her.I hoped I could work out the problem.But I was just a student __3__ I didn’t have much money to help her.I didn’t know__4__ to do.
I__5__ very nervous and told my friends about that.They all agreed to try__6__ best to help me.At first, we went to a hospital to look for help, but the doctors there were not able to help my mother.Then one of them gave us a piece of__7__： ask for help in the newspaper.
The next week we got a reply from a kind man.He wrote a letter and told us__8__ a hospital was offering free treatment (治疗) for the heart problem.Then we took my mother to that hospital and she got completely__9__ soon.
When we have problems and can’t solve them by ourselves, we’d better__10__ about them with municating more with others is a good way to get help.
(　　)1．A．a B．the
C．an D．/
(　　)2．A．to help B．help
C．helping D．helped
(　　)3．A．or B．but
C．so D．and
(　　)4．A．which B．what
C．how D．who
C　
A　
D　
B　
(　　)5．A．felt B．feel
C．feeling D．feels
(　　)6．A．they B．them
C．their D．theirs
(　　)7．A．advices B．advice
C．advise D．advising
(　　)8．A．where B．when
C．how D．that
A　
C　
B　
D　
(　　)9．A．well B．good
C．better D．best
(　　)10．A．talked B．talking
C．talk D．to talk
A　
C　
二、完形填空
My parents always told me that I couldn’t dance, because it was a girl’s sport. But I never __1__ my dream of becoming a dancing star. I practiced __2__， learning from books, movies and shows. However, without my parents’ __3__， that dream seemed impossible to achieve. One summer, my little sister Mary was going to dance lessons. I immediately offered to take her to the lessons. What a good __4__ to learn dancing!
One day Mary asked me to dance with her in the school dancing competition, because __5__ of the boys in her class would like to do that.They thought she was slow. “You can be a good dancer！” I __6__ her.“Let’s show those people that they are wrong！” In the following months, we practiced every evening, still hiding from our parents.
Finally came the big day. I became __7__ when I saw my parents watching the competition. But as the music began, I took a deep breath and tried to put my heart into the dance. We moved perfectly, shining with pride. From the __8__ of the crowd, I was sure we had done a good job.
When we got off the stage, my father came towards me. He put his hand on my shoulder. “Well done, son! I have to say you are __9__ to dance. Go for it and make us proud.”
Everyone has to go through lots of difficulties before he achieves his __10__. I know that the road ahead won’t be easy, but I will not be afraid any more.
(　　)1．A．kept up B．gave up
C．called up D．brought up
(　　)2．A．loudly B．slowly
C．safely D．secretly
(　　)3．A．support B．wish
C．order D．instruction
B　
D　
A　
(　　)4．A．result B．chance
C．change D．message
(　　)5．A．some B．all
C．none D．several
(　　)6．A．encouraged B．expected
C．accepted D．influenced
(　　)7．A．bored B．nervous
C．relaxed D．lonely
B　
C　
A　
B　
(　　)8．A．talking B．singing
C．dancing D．cheering
(　　)9．A．late B．surprised
C．born D．moved
(　　)10．A．study B．score
C．knowledge D．dream
D　
C　
D　
三、阅读理解
A
Attention, please! Reporters wanted!
Do you dream of being a reporter Are you a good writer who loves the news If so, you may have a chance to be a winner in the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search.
We’re looking for 12 students from around the nation to be members of the TFK Kid Reporter team for the 2021～2022 school year.
Next year’s team will continue the tradition of reporting local news stories for Time For Kids magazine and www.time .
Professional reporters from Time For Kids will decide who will be the winners. In the past year, TFK Kid Reporters have：
★Interviewed national leaders, famous people and other newsmakers.
★Written news stories, reviews, and opinion pieces for Time For Kids.
★Learned about the news business from prizewinning reporters who work at TIMES.
★Appeared on television to talk about their work.
How to enter
To apply, visit www./2021kr and complete the official entry form. Be sure to read the official rules and share them with your parents or
teachers, who must sign your entry form and
send it to us by e-mail. Entry forms must be
sent by June 17, 2022． You must be 14 years
old or younger on September 1, 2022．
Contest opens: 10:00 a.m. on March 14, 2022
Contest deadline: 12:00 p.m. on June 17, 2022
All entries must follow the official rules for consideration. See contest rules on the next page.
Good luck！
(　　)1．The 12 student reporters will work for _______.
A．more than a year B．less than a year
C．about a year D．half a year
(　　)2．If David is chosen as a member of the TFK Kid Reporter team, he will probably NOT__________.
A．play a role in some famous TV plays
B．learn how to do well in the reporting job
C．do an interview with the American president
D．write down his own ideas at www.time
C　
A　
(　　)3．The contest will be closed on __________.
A．March 14, 2022
B．June 17, 2022
C．September 1, 2022
D．December 31, 2022
B　
(　　)4．__________is allowed to join in this contest.
A．Mike who would like to be a writer
B．Tom who was born on September 1, 2009
C．Jack who is going to celebrate his sixteenth birthday
D．Lucy who handed in her entry form without the sign of her parents or teachers
(　　)5．This passage may come from __________.
A．a diary B．a dictionary
C．a storybook D．a notice
B　
D　
B
Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”， but have you ever thought about this expression When a cat is frightened(害怕的), its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense(紧张的), and there are changes in the chemicals in its bloodstream(血流). Although the cat doesn’t realize this, its body is getting ready for action. If the danger continues, the animal will do one of two things. It will protect itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.
Something like this also happens to people. When we are excited, angry or scared by other feelings, our bodies go through many physical changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend(防护) ourselves or run.
Human beings, however, have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger —or hit somebody —and regretted it later Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told somebody you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then wished later you had kept your mouth shut It isn’t always clever to express your feelings freely.
Does this mean that it’s smarter always to hide our feelings No! If you keep feelings of anger, sadness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays tense. Physical illness can develop. It can actually be bad for your health. (It isn’t good to keep pleasant feelings inside either; all feelings need to be expressed.)
Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside don’t just go away. It’s as if you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but before long you’d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, chances are you’d see little fruit flies (果蝇) flying all over them. They’d be rotten.
You can try to treat feelings as if they were bananas in the cupboard. You can hide them and you can pretend they don’t exist, but they’ll still be around. And at last you’ll have to deal with them, just like those bananas.
(　　)6．The best title for this article is “__________”．
A．Feelings Affect Our Bodies
B．What Happens to a Frightened Cat
C．What Happens to an Excited Person
D．Feelings That People Have
A　
(　　)7．The underlined word “muscle” in the second paragraph means “__________”．
A．skin B．contractile organ
C．emotion D．body
B　
(　　)8．According to the passage, we may conclude that we human beings__________.
A．have fewer problems than animals
B．have the same problems as animals
C．have more problems than animals
D．have cleverer problems than animals
C　
(　　)9．If you hide your feelings, __________.
A．gradually they’ll disappear
B．they won’t exist any more
C．they will fly all over
D．your body stays tense
D　
(　　)10．The author wrote this article in order to __________.
A．tell us that it isn’t good to keep feelings inside
B．give us some advice on how to express our feelings
C．make us face the problem that we have to deal with feelings
D．make us know that it isn’t always wise to express our feelings freely
A　
阅读小助手
deal with处理　　　　　
run away逃跑；失控　　　　　
get ready to do sth.准备好做某事
give way to让步；代替
take over接收；接管
hide away隐藏
bottle up inside闷在心里
C
配对阅读　下面是对五个人的描述和七个网站的简介，请根据每个人的情况，选出适合他们的网站。
(　　)11．Mr.Gang: A good teacher. He always catches up with the latest developments in teaching.
(　　)12．Deng Qi: A 14-year-old girl. She is learning English, but she is bad at listening.
G　
D　
(　　)13．Tom: He is 13 years old and interested in English news. But he can’t hear.
(　　)14．Jane: A 17-year-old student. She loves English stories and enjoys listening to them, too.
(　　)15．Mrs.Gen: She travels a lot from one country to another. Her hobby is collecting pictures of flags.
F　
E　
B　
A．http：//www./
Junior students are welcome. Give you all kinds of writing exercises on English.
B．http：//www./flags/search，htm/
National flags of all over the world.
C．http：//www./learning/
Read and learn New York Times.
D．http：//joy./special/subjectCZYYTL/
Listening materials for junior students can be found here.
E．http：//www./englishcorner/listening/ index.htm/
Listen to English stories, famous lectures and special English programs by Voice of America.
F．http：//dailynews./pr
Watch and listen to the news with video frequency (视频), just like watching a TV set.
G．http：//www.eichk.sheisnet./english/default.asp
Education resources (资源), teaching and research resources.
四、短文填空
It was my birthday last Thursday. I decided to celebrate by inviting a few friends out to supper. I chose a restaurant in a 1．________ part of the town. It is one of my favorite restaurants because the food is good and the waiters are friendly. It is hardly crowded, 2．_____ it is not usually necessary to book a table. When we entered the restaurant, we were surprised to find it completely full. I looked 3．_________ ，but not a single table was free.
quiet　
so　
around　
One of the waiters recognized me. He explained. “A group of tourists came in about half 4．_____ hour ago，” he said. “It was like an invasion(侵略)．Suddenly the place was full! We can hardly manage.” The waiter then pointed to a table in the corner. “The people there are going to 5．________ ，” he said, “Just hold on and you’ll find a place there.” Fifteen minutes later, the people at the corner table 6．_______ their bill and left. I led my friends across and we all sat down.
an　
leave　
paid　
However, our table was almost out of sight. We tried to catch the attention of the waiter 7．______ sent us there, but he was busy with the tourists. At last, an hour later, the tourists finished their meal and looked very pleased. The waiter who looked very tired appeared at our table. I told my friends about the best 8．_________ there and finally the waiter went off with our order. A few moments later, he returned to our table.
who　
dishes　
We could tell from his face that he had bad 9．_______ for us. Looking a little10．________ , he told us that there was no meat or fish left.“All we can offer you，” he said, “is an omelet(煎蛋卷)！”
news　
sorry　
五、读写综合
A．回答问题
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在指定的位置。
Confidence is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude. A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chance to make themselves successful. But how to be more confident Here are some suggestions：
Speak loudly　When you are not confident, you can’t do well what you want to do. You speak in such a low voice that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak aloud enough so that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident.
Play sports　Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. When you are athletic, you will be full of confidence.
Encourage yourself　Write down a list of things you did during the day and see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh Give yourself praise for the good things you’ve done.
Get rid of (消除) fear　Fear comes along with failure. But it’s easy to get over if you know that failure is a part of your life. Don’t hide your head just because you said something foolish last time. Try to start again and believe you can do better.
Pick up a hobby　If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.
1．How many suggestions are mentioned to be more confident
【答案】Five.
2．Why should we speak aloud
【答案】Because it can help us become more confident.
3．What makes you relaxed
【答案】Playing sports.
4．How do you encourage yourself
【答案】By giving myself praise for the good things I’ve done.
5．What is the main purpose of the passage
【答案】To learn how to be more confident.
B．书面表达
你觉得自己有足够的自信吗？请你写一篇题为“Confidence Is Very Important”的短文，谈谈你对自信的观点。
内容包括：
(1)自信的重要性；
(2)缺乏自信的结果(至少两条)；
(3)建议每个人都要增强自信心。
作文要求：
(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名；
(2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。
【谋篇布局】
1．定文体：_________　
2．定主题：_______　
3．定人称：_______________　
4．定时态：_____________
议论文　
自信　
第一、二人称　
一般现在时　
【框架设计】
【写作素材】
※词语积累
1．confident_______　
2．courage_______　
3．挑战 ____________　
4．机会 _________
自信　
勇气　
challenge　
chance　
5．as a result_______
6．achieve our goals _________________
7．放弃 __________
8．培养我们的爱好 ______________________　　　
9．try our best ___________________　　　　
10．be full of _______
结果　
实现我们的目标　
give up　
develop our hobbies　
尽我们最大的努力　
充满　
※句型提升
1．完成句子：除此之外，我们还可能会放弃我们的梦想和幸福。
_______________________， we may give up our dreams and happiness.
What’s more/Besides　
2．运用Although/Though引导的状语从句
完成句子：尽管生活中充满了难以预料的事，我们都要学会自信。
__________________ life is full of the unexpected，we should learn to be confident.
Although/Though　
【水到渠成】
Confidence Is Very Important
On the way to success, we must be full of confidence. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Confidence Is Very Important
On the way to success, we must be full of confidence. As for me, I think it is important to be confident.Without confidence，we never have courage to face every challenge.
As a result，we may lose the chance to achieve our goals.What’s more，we may give up our dreams and happiness.How terrible it is！However, if we are confident, we can try our best to develop our hobbies and achieve our goals.If so，we will feel happy.Therefore, confidence is important to everyone，isn’t it
Though life is full of the unexpected，let’s try to be confident.If we are confident, nothing is impossible.