Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!核心短语句型考点练习题与讲义

Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!
知识梳理
一.常用词组
1. throw litter into the river 往河里扔垃圾
2. the bottom of the river 河底
3. play a part in doing sth. 尽自己的一份力做某事
4. no more fish for fishermen to catch 对渔民来说没有更多鱼可捕捞了
5. close down the factories 关闭工厂
6. be badly polluted 被严重污染
7. litter in public places 在公共场所乱扔
8.turn beautiful places into ugly ones 把美丽的地方变丑
9. cut down air pollution 减少空气污染
10. take the bus or subway instead of driving 乘坐公交车或地铁来取代开车
11.the advantages of bike riding 骑车的优点
12.waste pollution 废弃物污染
13.wooden chopsticks 木制筷子
14. throw rubbish in the bins 把垃圾扔进垃圾箱
15. keep public places clean and beautiful 保持公共场所干净美丽
16.make a difference 起作用
17. hear of 听说
18. enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup 享受一碗鱼翅汤
19. cut off sharks＇fins 割下鲨鱼的鱼翅
20. be harmful to．．．对···．··有害
21.no longer 不再
22. at the top of the food chain 处于食物链顶端
23. in the ocean's ecosystem 在海洋生态系统中
24. bring danger to all ocean life 给所有海洋生物带来危险
25. in the last 20 to 30 years 在最近的20到30年间
26. environmental protection groups around the world 全球环保组织
27. develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins 制定法律阻止鱼翅的买卖
28. too strong to be endangered 太强大而不会濒临灭绝
29.try to save the earth 尽力拯救地球
30.afford to do sth．负担得起做某事
31. begin with．．．以······开始
32. use reusable bags 使用可重复使用的袋子
33.pay for plastic bags 支付塑料袋的费用
34.stop riding in cars 停止开车
35.throw away 扔掉
36. be good at recycling 擅长循环使用
37. set up a website to sell them online 建立网站来网上销售
38. be known for 因······而著名
39. the importance of．．．·．．··的重要性
40. be brought back to life 复活
41. with a little creativity 用小小的创意
42. take public transportation more 更多地乘坐公共交通工具
43.get worse and worse 变得越来越差
44.ways to cut down on these kinds of pollution 降低这些污染的方法
二.词性转换
1.fisherman（n．）→fishermen（复数形式）
2.ugly（adj．）→uglier；ugliest（比较级及最高级）
3.advantage（n．）→disadvantage（n．）劣势；不利因素（反义词）
4. wooden（adj．）→wood（n．）木头
5.cruel（adj．）→crueler；cruelest（比较级及最高级）
6.harmful（adj．）→more／most harmful（比较 级及最高级）
7. scientific（adj．）→science（n．）科学→scientist（n.）科学家
8.creativity（n．）→create（v．）创造；创建→creative（adj.）有创造力的
三.重点句型
1. Remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone. 为了每个人，记得把垃圾扔进垃圾箱，保持公共场所干净美丽。
2. Our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future!我们的行动能起作用并使我们通向更美好的未来！
3. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. 在最近的20到30年间，一些种类的鲨鱼数量已经下降了90％以上。
4. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 到目前为止，没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益。
5. People think that big things must be done to save the earth. 人们认为必须干些大事来拯救地球。
6. Saving the earth begins with small things. 拯救地球始于小事。
7. You can save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. 你可以通过离开房间就关灯来节约用电。
8. It's a great idea that you now have to pay for plastic bags in some stores. 在有些商场你现在不得不为塑料袋付费是个好主意。
9. All these small things can add up and become big things that would improve the environment. 所有这些小事累加就能变成改善环境的大事。
10. Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind. 如果你有创意，没有东西是废品。
四.晨间诵读
In recent years, some countries have developed their industry at the cost of environment. In some areas, even the bottom of the river is full of litter. There were no more fish for fishermen to catch. The factories that burn coal pollute the air. The usage of plastic bags has increased lately because of the popularity of takeaway food. It makes our earth ugly and is also harmful to our environment. We should do something to protect our homeland, for we cannot afford the result. Turning off the lights when we leave the room or throwing rubbish into the bin is not difficult for us. Why not recycle books and paper Don't use paper napkins. When going shopping, we can take reusable bags. We can try to find scientific ways to solve the problems.
Let's take action now!
重点突破
易混辨析
1. litter，rubbish 与waste
这三个词均含有“废物；垃圾”之意，但也有区别：
（1）litter作名词，指随手丢弃的垃圾；litter还可作动词，意为“丢垃圾”。如：
①You can＇t drop litter in the garden.你不能在花园里扔垃圾。
②Don＇t litter everywhere.不要到处乱扔垃圾。
（2）rubbish指任何成堆的、破损的、用过的或无用的东西，尤指弃掉的垃圾堆。如：
You＇d better not throw the rubbish on the ground. 你最好不要把垃圾扔在地上。
（3）waste指任何被丢弃的东西。如：
Waste is becoming more and more hazardous.废弃物的危害越来越大。
2.cost，pay，spend与take
pay表示“花费；支付”时，主语通常是人，常用于短语 pay for；spend 表示“花费”时，主语通常是人，常用于短语 spend... on sth.或 spend... （in） doing sth.；take 表示“花费”时，常用于句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.；cost表示“花费”时，主语通常是事或物。如：
①I spend hundreds of dollars buying books every year.=I pay hundreds of dollars for books every year.＝The books cost me hundreds of dollars every year.我每年花不少钱买书。
②It takes me twenty minutes to ride to school every day． 我每天骑20分钟车去上学。
3. stop to do， stop doing 与 stop sb． （from） doing
（1）stop to do sth．意为“停下来做某事”，指停下某事来做另一件事。如：
He was very tired, so he stopped to have a rest. 他很累，于是他停下来休息一下。
（2）stop doing sth．意为“停止做某事”，指停止正在做的事。如：
The students stopped making noise as soon as the teacher came into the classroom. 老师一走进教室，同学们就停止了喧哗。
（3）stop sb．（from） doing sth．意为“阻止某人做某事”，其中from可以省略，相当于keep／prevent sb. from doing sth.。如：
His parents stop him （from） watching TV.他的父母不让他看电视。
能力提升
趁热打铁
一、用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次
Rubbish litter waste
1.The number of _______ increases every year.
2. The dustman comes once a week to collect the _______.
3.Don't _______ in public places.
二、用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次
Cost pay spend take
1.I _______ two hours working out the math problem yesterday.
2.Wait a moment, sir! You haven't _______ for the meal.
3. Lisa bought a new smart watch, which _______ her 800 yuan.
4.It _______ me an hour to get home from work this afternoon.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Hearing the doorbell ring, she stopped _______ (wash) the dishes.
2. Hearing the doorbell ring, she stopped _______ (open) the door.
3. We should do something to stop people from _______ (pollute) the environment.
综合训练
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1. How much do you know about the _______（作品）of Mark Twain？
2.At the _______（底部） of the sea， you can also see some kinds of sea animals.
3. People won't be allowed to use _______（塑料） bags in this supermarket.
4. _______（煤）is one of the most important energy sources in the world.
5. I would rather cook by myself than order a _______（外卖食物）every day.
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
One man's trash is another man's treasure. This is a well-known phrase,1 _______ for Zhao Xiaoli, it is also a guide to her work. She makes art out of rubbish. Different 2 _______ (recycle) things, including a wooden door, a chair with one leg missing, and a broken guitar, have provided inspiration for Zhao.
“Art should serve 3 _______ public, which needs us to think outside the box. Through the form of art, the used objects can be reused,” says the 30-year-old.
Zhao's interest in rubbish is known by many people, even cleaners in her community. When anyone throws furniture out, like a door or a chair, Zhao is always the first4 ___ (know).
In a 30-second video posted（发布） on Sina Weibo， Zhao recycles a wooden door．After smoothing the surface 5 _the door, she sweeps a brush in a wild style. Later, her reproduction of American painter Charles Courtney Curran's By the Lily Pond 6 ______(appear) on the door. The video has been watched over 1 million times.
For Zhao, it seems that anything can be 7 _______（she）canvas（画布）.Last year，a coffee store she often visited was closed and the owner gave her a broken guitar. She created an oil painting 8 combined（结合）works by two Dutch masters. When someone threw out a chair with one broken leg, Zhao took it. After 9 __ (clean), she turned it into Van Gogh's The Starry Night.
“Beauty is everywhere. Anything can 10 _______ (change) into a work of art,” Zhao says.
答案
【趁热打铁】
一、1.waste 2.rubbish 3.litter
二、1.spent 2.paid 3.cost 4.took
三、1.washing 2.to open 3.polluting
【综合训练】
一、1.works 2.bottom 3.plastic 4.Coal 5.takeaway
二、1.but 2.recycled 3.the 4.to know 5.of
6.appears 7.her 8.that/which 9.cleaning 10.be changed