(共220张PPT)
英语
第一部分 基础考点聚焦
必修第一册
Unit 3 Family matters
01
语基夯实 课前闯关
02
创意课堂 多维突破
04
课后达标 知能提升
03
高效演练 素养提能
character
chat
focus
generation
memory
theme
event
contain
summary
medal
approach
range
professional
option
detail
strengths
obviously
judgment
aimlessly
assume
assumption
respect
respectable
respectful
ignore
ignorance
ignorant
talent
talented
responsible
responsibility
nation
national
observe
observation
observer
apologise
apology
stress
stressful
stressed
admire
admirable
admiration
settle
settler
settlement
settled
responsibility
assuming
admirable
admire
admiration
apologising
apology
nation
national
settle
settlement
stressed
stressful
stress
respectable
respect
respectful
ignore
ignorant
ignorance
settle for
in the lead
turn to...for...
focus on
throw a party
work on
draw up
can't wait to do sth.
make up for
have an impact on
leave...behind
make use of
in the lead
making use of
focusing on
make up for
leave behind
comes some good news
kept their collection at home
with more countries recognizing its role
used correctly
approached
approaches
with the College Entrance Examination approaching/drawing near/around the corner
as the College Entrance Examination approaches/draws near/is around the corner
to (doing)
to do/of (doing)
of (doing)
of (doing)
on
focused
focused
were focused on
His eyes focused on the blackboard
fix one's attention on
be absorbed in
apply oneself to
concentrate one's attention on
be lost in
be buried in
be devoted to
to assume
assumption
Assuming that I am chosen to be a volunteer
on the assumption that all people are equal
for
respectable
方面
it is a virtue and tradition to respect our teachers
talented
for
has a talent for
is talented at/in
responsibility
for
to make
who are responsible for
who take responsibility for
aiming
to promote
Aiming at improving/Aiming to improve/With the aim of improving
aiming to help us to know more about the development of our school
遵守
庆祝
观察
注意到
observed him playing
was observed to enter
ranging
within/in
beyond
and
ranging from accommodation to the convenience of travelling
for
to
apologise
make an apology
stressed
stressful
living under great stress
stressed the importance of working
for
admiration
admirable
that make me admire her
judged
Judging
by/from
judgement
invite you to be a judge at
to
to practice
a policeman in the lead
led to the thief's being caught
waiting
reminded
healthy
With
stolen
sold
coming
With the College Entrance Examination drawing near
adv.完全地
n.选择
n.特征；特点
n.范围
n.汉字
v.找某人商谈
adj.微小的
n.详情
adj.引起……的
B
A
E
C
D
C
B
A
D
B
D
A
C
B
A
C
E
D
C
B
A
With the population aging
will have a negative impact on
drawn up a program
many approaches to increasing the birth rate
Currently
a series of problems that cannot be ignored
give birth to the next generation
Focusing on work
high economic stress
make use of every opportunity
detailed solutions
faced by individuals and families
be responsible for the future
With the population aging, China will face the problem of labor shortage in the future, which will have a negative impact on social and economic development.
Currently, many families are also facing a series of problems that cannot be ignored, such as focusing on work, high economic stress and high cost of raising, making many families do not want to give birth to the next generation.
The state should make use of every opportunity to publicize to the people and put forward detailed solutions to solve the difficulties faced by individuals and families and, in return, they should also be responsible for the future of the country and nation.
passed through
realized
brought up
gone wrong
protested
walking along
followed behind
begged
ignored
settled
admiration
apologised
observed
responsibility
ignored
assuming
summary
containing
generation
ignore
characters
ignorance
professional
optional
Currently
respectable
settlements
approaching
nationality
assumptions
bought
flowing
in
it
aimed/aiming
judging
on
our approach to finding work
have a talent for music
With his eyes focused on the book
It is generally assumed that
with the aim of
The aim of Mr Green's visiting China
D．Different cultures have different family values.
A．These families have three or even four generations living together.
C．In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.
E．But in the end, home is best—east or west.
F．Many young people going to college often need to take out loans and work part time jobs in order to pay for tuition and rent.
B．prevent
C．process
A．higher
D．chance
C．recover
B．lost
A．accessible
D．support
C．ruined
B．original
A．affecting
D．Unfortunately
C．adapt
A．due to
B．miss
including
satisfied
valuable
to let
during
that
an
specifically
or
student'sUnit 3 Family matters
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。
□1.studio n． □2.court n． □3.option n.
□4.gap n. □5.currently adv. □6.regularly adv.
□7.indeed adv. □8.feature n. □9.jogging n.
□10.slim adj. □11.impact n. □12.positive adj.
□13.individual adj. □14.style n. □15.series n.
□16.entire adj.,
[自主核对区]
1．(音乐)录音室 2.法院，法庭 3.选择，可选择的东西 4．差距，差别 5.现时，当前 6.经常 7.当然，确实(用于强调陈述或回答) 8.(报纸或杂志的)特写9.慢跑锻炼 10．苗条的，修长的 11.作用，影响 12.好的，积极的 13．独特的，与众不同的(一般含褒义) 14.风格 15.系列比赛 16.全部的，整个的
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
[辨词义·写词形]
1．character n． (书、剧本、电影等中的)人物，角色
2．chat n. 闲谈，聊天
3．focus v. (把……)集中(于)
4．generation n. 一代(人)
5．memory n. 记忆，回忆
6．theme n. 主题
7．event n. 活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)
8．contain v. 包含，含有
9．summary n. 总结，概要
10．medal n. 奖牌，勋章
11．approach v. 走近，靠近
12．range n. 一系列
13．professional adj. 职业的，专业的
14．option n. 选择，可选择的东西
15．detail n. 细微，细微之处
[入语境·重活用]
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths(优点) and achievements.
2．(2020·江苏卷)Most obviously(明显地)，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.
3．(2018·江苏卷)Apparently, blindly following others' advice will affect our own judgment(判断)．
4．(北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly(漫无目的地) down the tree lined street，not knowing where she was heading.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．assume vt.假定，假设，认为，设想→assumption n．假定；设想；担任
2．respect n．& vt.尊敬，敬重→respectable adj.值得尊重的；可敬的；体面的→respectful adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的；表示敬意的；尊敬的
3．ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorance n．无知，不知情→ignorant adj.无知的，不了解的
4．talent n．天赋，才能→talented adj.有天赋的；才华横溢的
5．responsible adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的→responsibility n．责任；职责；义务
6．nation n．民族；国家；国民→national adj.国家的；民族的
7．observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)；观察，观测；遵守→observation n．观察，观测→observer n. 观察者；观测者
8．apologise v．道歉；歉意；谢罪→apology n．道歉
9．stress n．压力；重音，重读 vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的，压力大的(指物)→stressed adj.感到有压力的(指人)
10．admire vt.钦佩，赞美，羡慕→admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞赏的；绝妙的；极好的→admiration n．钦佩；赞赏；仰慕
11．settle v．和解，结束(争论)；解决；定居→settler n．移民；殖民者→settlement n．解决；安排→settled adj. 固定的
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·天津卷7月满分作文)Deeply moved, I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility(responsible) to be a reliable person in the future.
2．(2019·江苏卷)Many students are in favour of wearing the traditional Chinese clothes, assuming(assume) they can reflect Chinese culture.
3．Because of his admirable success in playing basketball，many teenagers admire Jeremy Lin and think he deserves their admiration．(admire)
4．The young man kept apologising to his girlfriend for his being late，but she refused to accept his apology．(apologise)
5．These buildings in our nation are part of our national heritage, so we should cherish and protect them.(nation)
6．The manager was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement．(settle)
7．Although the importance of education is stressed, teaching can be a tiring and stressful job because teachers have to work under great stress every day.(stress)
8．Teachers are respectable in our country. Students respect their teachers and listen to them in school in respectful ways. (respect)
9．It is wrong of you to ignore the traffic rules. In fact, there are still many people who are ignorant of them. It is their ignorance that leads to many accidents. (ignore)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．settle for 勉强接受，将就
2．in the lead 领先
3．turn to...for... 向……求助以获取……
4．focus on 致力于……
5．throw a party 举办聚会
6．work on 致力于
7．draw up 拟订，起草
8．can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
9．make up for 弥补，补偿
10．have an impact on 对……有影响
11．leave...behind 留下
12．make use of 利用
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．None of the competitors could catch up with the untiring runner who was in the lead．
2．(2020·浙江卷7月)Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
3．(2020·新高考山东卷)Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
4．(全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
5．(2019·天津卷)By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.以 able和 ful构成的形容词
①respectful 尊重人的
respectable 可敬的
②regretful 遗憾的，后悔的
regrettable 令人遗憾的
③forgetful 健忘的
forgettable 可遗忘的
④changeful 易变的，不稳定的
changeable 可改变的
⑤useful 有用的，有帮助的
useable 可用的
2.动词＋ing→名词
①belongings 所有物，财产
②jogging 慢跑锻炼
③saving 存款
④shopping 购物
⑤sightseeing 观光，游览
⑥drawing 绘画
⑦advertising 广告业
3.不可“忽视”的单词
①ignore 忽视
②overlook 忽略，不理会
③neglect 忽略，忽视
④disregard 忽视，不理会
4．注意“影响”
①effect n. 影响，结果
②affect v. 影响
③influence n．& v. 影响
④impact n．& v. 影响
(三)重点句型仿写熟记公式，练原句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Oh look, here comes my boy.哦，看，我的孩子来了。 完全倒装句 1.(2020·浙江卷7月)我们真的很关心也很想知道你最近的情况。然后传来了一些好消息。We are really concerned and anxious to learn about your updates. Here comes some good news.
She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit. 她仍然拥有光滑的皮肤和笔直的黑发，慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。 keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语 2.(2020·新高考山东卷)他们把藏品放在家里，直到藏品够多或者直到他们去世了才把它们交给博物馆。They kept their collection at home until it got too big or until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead.只剩700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利排在第三位，他的弟弟乔尼领先。 with复合结构 3.(2019·江苏卷)中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs.
Watched by millions, the ending to the race has divided opinions: should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions？ 在数百万人的注视下，这场比赛的结局引起了不同的意见：兄弟俩是应该被取消资格，还是应该因为他们的行为受到高度赞扬？ 过去分词短语作状语 4.(2018·北京卷)如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
approach vt.& vi.走近；要求；接近； 靠近 n．接近；方法；途径
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷7月读后续写)So I approached(approach) our uninvited guest slowly and, through the fence, sprayed him in the face.
②All the approaches(approach) to the airport were blocked by the police yesterday.
[再写美]——一句多译
(2020·浙江卷7月满分作文)此外，随着高考的临近，我们都在忙着为高考做充分的准备。
③What's more, with the College Entrance Examination approaching/drawing near/around the corner, we are busy making full preparations for it.(with复合结构)
④Besides, as the College Entrance Examination approaches/draws near/is around the corner, we are busy making full preparations for it.(as引导状语从句)
(1)an approach to... (做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近
at the approach of... 在快到……的时候
(2)approach sth. 靠近/接近某物
with...approaching 在……快到的时候
[佳句背诵] Approaching the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
接近市中心时，我们看到一尊大约10米高的石像。
[联想发散] “(做)……的方法”的正确搭配：
①the approach to (doing) sth.；
②the way to do/of (doing) sth.；
③the means of (doing) sth.；
④the method of (doing) sth.
focus v．(把……)集中(于) n．中心点；焦点
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·新高考山东卷)Too often，when you stand up to give a speech，you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”
②As you make reading a regular part of your life, you'll make more connections, stay more focused(focus) and understand the text better.
③With his attention focused(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.
[再写美]——补全句子/句式升级
④(普通表达)His eyes were focused on(注视着) the blackboard so that he didn't notice the flying birds outside.
⑤(高级表达)His eyes focused on the blackboard, he didn't notice the flying birds outside. (独立主格结构)
(1)focus...on/upon... 把……集中于……
(2)the focus of... ……的焦点/中心
(3)focused adj. 注意力集中的；目标明确的
[佳句背诵] If we find those materials interesting, we'll focus our attention on them for a long time.
如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。(四川卷)
[联想发散] 表示“专心于……；集中注意力于……”的短语还有：
①fix one's attention on；②be absorbed in；
③apply oneself to；④concentrate one's attention on；
⑤be lost in；⑥be buried in；⑦be devoted to
assume v．假定，假设，认为
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)It is wrong to assume(assume) arts groups cannot make a profit.
②A lot of people make the assumption(assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.
[再写美]——微写作
③假定我当选为北京冬奥会的志愿者， 我将全心全意为人民服务。
Assuming that I am chosen to be a volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games, I will serve the people heart and soul.
④他的观点建立在人人平等的假设之上。
His views are grounded on the assumption that all people are equal．
(1)assume sb./sth. to be... 假定/假设某人/某事为……
It is generally assumed that... 普遍认为……
(2)assumption n. 假定；设想；(责任的)承担；担任
on the assumption that... 假定……，假设……
(3)assuming (that)．.. 假定……(作状语)
[佳句背诵] It is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. 人们认为全球变暖和气候的变化在将来会导致更多的灾难。
respect vt.尊敬；尊重 n．细节；方面；尊敬；尊重；敬意；问候
[先练会]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①Secondly，we should show our respect for our parents and do what we can to help them.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)There are many respectable(respect) people around me.
③(2020·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)As to the play, our weakness lies in such respects as roles' facial expressions, logical stress of dialogue and stage set.方面
[再写美]——微写作
④在中国，尊敬我们的老师是一种美德和传统，他们无私地帮助我们获得了很多知识。
In China, it is a virtue and tradition to respect our teachers, who unselfishly help us to gain much knowledge.
(1)respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人
(2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人
out of respect for... 出于对……的尊敬
(3)respectful adj. 表示敬意的；尊敬的
respectable adj. 可敬的；体面的
[佳句背诵] Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, out of respect for farmers' labor.
出于对农民劳动的尊重，中国的孩子们在成长的过程中就受到不要浪费一粒米的教育。
[名师点津] respect意为“敬意；问候”时，多用复数形式。
talent n．天赋，才能
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷7月)I've heard that you are a talented(talent) young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, saying that I had a talent for football.
[再写美]——一句多译
我妹妹有讲英语的天赋。
③My sister has a talent for speaking English. (talent n．)
④My sister is talented at/in speaking English. (talented adj.)
(1)have a talent/gift for... 有……的天赋
have/show talent in... 在……方面有天赋
(2)talented adj. 有天赋的，才华横溢的
be talented at/in... 在……方面有天赋
[佳句背诵] Learning that you have shown great talent in designing robots, here I desire to invite you to join.
得知你在设计机器人方面颇有天赋，我很想邀请你前来参加。
(2018·天津卷满分作文)
responsible adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷7月)We are all deeply moved by the ceremony, from which we realize that the sense of responsibility(responsible) always accompanies the process of our growth.
②Because she was under age, her parents were still responsible for her.
③It is his responsibility to make(make) arrangements for the meeting.
[再写美]——一句多译
我们是对我们的生活和未来负责的人。
④We are the ones who are responsible for our life and future. (responsible adj.)
⑤We are the ones who take responsibility for our life and future. (responsibility n．)
(1)be responsible for... 对……负责；
是……的原因
(2)responsibility n. 责任，职责，义务
take responsibility for 对……有责任，对……负责
it is one's responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
[佳句背诵] Last but not least，it's everyone's responsibility to make good use of water.
最后但同样重要的是，充分利用水资源是我们每个人的责任。
aim n．目标；目的 vi.& vt.瞄准；旨在；(向某方向)努力
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming(aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
②(2019·北京卷)All our projects aim to promote(promote) the development of poor and remote communities.
[再写美]——词汇/句式升级
③(普通表达)To improve the level of English, we attend English Corner once a week.
(高级表达)Aiming at improving/Aiming to improve/With the aim of improving the level of English, we attend English Corner once a week.
④(普通表达)A short film will be on show, and it aims to help us to know more about the development of our school.
(高级表达)A short film will be on show, aiming to help us to know more about the development of our school．(分词作状语) (2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文),
(1)achieve one's aim 实现某人的目标
take aim at... 向……瞄准
with the aim of... 以……为目标；意在……
(2)aim to do sth. 意欲/旨在做某事
be aimed at 目的是，旨在
(3)aimless adj. 没有目标的；漫无目的的
aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地；没有目标地
[佳句背诵] (1)With the aim of raising some money for the local charity, we invited several famous musicians and singers.
为了给当地的慈善机构筹款，我们邀请了几位著名的音乐家和歌手。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
(2)Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)；观察，注意到；遵守
[先练会]——写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs. 遵守
②It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival. 庆祝
③(2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. 观察
④You can observe us students take part in various activities at the stadium. 注意到
[再写美]——微写作
⑤当我经过他的房子时，我看到他正在院子里玩耍。
When I passed by his house, I observed him playing in the yard.
⑥刚才他被看到拿着一本书走进了办公室。
He was observed to enter the office with a book in his hand just now.
(1)observe sb.do sth. 观察某人做某事
observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事
observe that... 观察……
(2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
observe Christmas 庆祝圣诞节
[佳句背诵] On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly observed the sun rising from the cloud sea.
在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从云海上升起。
[名师点津] observe作“观察； 注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v. ing形式作宾语补足语； 但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。类似的词还有see、watch、notice、hear、feel、make等。
range n．种类；范围；幅度；界限 v．(在一定范围内)变动；变化
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
②When driving on highways, the driver must control his or her speed within/in the range of 60 km/h to 120 km/h.
③(天津卷)The price was beyond our range, so we declined.
④The temperature ranges between 25 ℃ and 30 ℃.
[再写美]——句式升级
⑤(普通表达)My family has many advantages. They range from accommodation to the convenience of travelling.
(高级表达)My family has many advantages, ranging from accommodation to the convenience of travelling．(分词作状语)
(1)a wide range of... 许多；广泛的
beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外
within in/range 在射程内；在范围内
(2)range from...to... 在……到……范围内变动
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动
[佳句背诵] The farm, located in the suburb of our city, has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits. 这个农场位于我们城市的郊区，种植着各种各样的农作物，如蔬菜和水果。 (2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
apologise v．道歉
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)After a while, she apologised for the way she behaved at the beginning.
②As a daughter, and a mother, the more I go through parenting, the more I owe an apology to my parents because of their selfless love.
[再写美]——一句多译
我的老师建议我为不能守约向你道歉。
③My teacher made a suggestion that I should apologise to you for failing to keep the appointment.
④My teacher recommended me to make an apology to you for failing to keep the appointment.
(1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉；辩白
owe sb. an apology 欠某人一个道歉
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
[佳句背诵] I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. 我应为星期五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。
(全国卷Ⅲ)
stress n．压力；重音；重点 vt.使紧张；重读；强调；加压力于
[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed(stress) in their studies.
②(江苏卷)It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful(stress) society.
③Due to the fast rhythm of modern life, more and more people are living under great stress(生活在巨大的压力下)．
[再写美]——微写作
④(2019·北京卷满分作文)上周末，我们以“劳动最光荣”的主题发起了一场活动，并强调了亲手劳动的重要性。
Last weekend, we started a campaign with the theme “Working Is the Most Beautiful” and stressed the importance of working with our own hands.
(1)under stress 在压力之下
put stress on sth. 强调某事物
(2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
(3)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；感到有压力的
stressful adj. 产生压力的；压力重的
[佳句背诵] As has been stressed many times, learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future.
正如多次强调的那样，学好英语对你未来的职业发展非常重要。
admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕；欣赏
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①We admire Li Lanjuan for her great contributions to the field of medicine.
②I'd like to express my admiration(admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.
③It is an admirable(admire) place to come to for a holiday and rest.
[再写美]——微写作
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)是她的友善和责任感让我钦佩她。
It's her friendliness and the sense of responsibility that make me admire her．
(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事羡慕/钦佩某人
(2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕
admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；极好的
[佳句背诵] Mid Autumn Festival is an appealing and important festival when people admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes. 中秋节是一个具有吸引力而又非常重要的节日，届时，人们会赏月和品尝月饼。
[名师点津] “赏月”表达：
(1)admire the moon；(2)enjoy the moon
judge v．认为，判断 n. 法官，审判员
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged(judge)．
②Judging(judge) from the above story, we can draw the conclusion that we don't judge a man by/from his looks.
③I can't make that decision for you; you will have to use your judgement(judge)．
[再写美]——微写作
④我写信邀请你担任6月15日在我们学校举办的英语演讲比赛的裁判。
I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English Speech Contest to be held in our school on June 15.
(1)judge...from/by... 从……来判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为
(2)judging by/from... 从……来看
(3)judgement n. 看法；判断力；判决
[佳句背诵] As far as I can judge, he will refuse to make a judgement about the present situation.
据我判断，他会拒绝评价目前的形势。
[名师点津] judging from/by意为“从……来看”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。
in the lead 领先
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace.
②In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice(practice) speaking English in an interesting way.
[再写美]——微写作
③人们从拐角处跑来，领头的是个警察。
People came running around the corner, a policeman in the lead．
④新证据的发现使小偷被抓住了。
The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's being caught.
(1)take the lead 带头，领先
(2)lead to 导致，造成(后果)；通往
lead sb. to do... 使某人做……
lead sb. to... 带某人去……
lead sb. by the nose 牵着某人的鼻子走
lead/live a．..life 过……的生活
[佳句背诵] From this activity, we have realized that building up our body is of great importance, and we have also learned more about “persistence leads to success”． 通过这次活动，我们认识到锻炼身体是非常重要的，我们也学到了“坚持才能成功”的道理。 (2020·新高考山东卷)
keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(教材原句)She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit.
她仍然拥有光滑的皮肤和笔直的黑发，慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①I'm sorry to keep you waiting(wait) for so long.
②(重庆卷)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind) of his own dreams.
③Do more exercise to keep yourself healthy(health)．
“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，能作宾语补足语的有形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词。keep意为“使……保持(状态、位置或动作等)”。
[佳句背诵] Speaking of table manners, keep your voice low during the meal even if you are not used to it.
说到餐桌礼仪，即使你不习惯，吃饭时也要小声说话。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
with复合结构
(教材原句)With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead.
只剩700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利排在第三位，他的弟弟乔尼领先。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·新高考山东卷)With everything ready，Bernard started out on his new business.
②Then Finn was cheated by two men，with his raft stolen(steal) and Jim sold(sell) to a farm.
③With winter coming(come), it's time to buy warm clothes.
[再写美]——句式升级
④(普通表达)The College Entrance Examination is drawing near, so the students feel great pressure.
(高级表达)With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, the students feel great pressure. (with复合结构)
“with复合结构”在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：
(1)with＋宾语＋doing；
(2)with＋宾语＋done；
(3)with＋宾语＋adj.；
(4)with＋宾语＋adv.；
(5)with＋宾语＋to do；
(6)with＋宾语＋介词短语。
[佳句背诵] You're an excellent player.With you on the team, we are confident that we can win the game.
你是个出色的球员。队伍有了你的加入，我们有信心赢得这场比赛。
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2020·江苏卷)We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. adv.完全地
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a guilt free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them—I think that's going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” n.选择
3．(2019·江苏卷)It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.
n.特征；特点
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways. n.范围
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(全国卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters. n.汉字
2．(2019·北京卷)She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.
v.找某人商谈
3．The chances of success are very slim. adj.微小的
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs, I am writing to inform you of some relevant details. n.详情
5．The chemical is directly responsible for those deaths. adj.引起……的
Ⅲ.一词多义
1. 根据语境选出approach的词性及含义
A．v.接近 B．v.接洽 C．n.方法；方式 D．n.通路；道路 E．n.接近
(1)We have been approached by a number of companies that are interested in our product. B
(2)We heard the sound of an approaching car. A
(3)She hadn't heard his approach and jumped as the door opened. E
(4)The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline. C
(5)All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops. D
2. 根据语境选出feature的词性及含义
A．n.特色；特点 B．v.以……为特色C．n.特写；特别节目 D．v.由……主演
(1)We are delighted to see the Sunday Times running a long feature on breast cancer.
C
(2)The latest model features alloy(合金) wheels and an electronic alarm. B
(3)The spacious gardens are a special feature of this property. A
(4)It's a great film and it features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year. D
3. 根据语境选出character的词性及含义
A．n.品质；性格 B．n.人物；角色C．n.文字 D．n.特点；特色
(1)The social position of each character influences the way they behave to each other.
B
(2)(江苏卷) —The town is so beautiful！I just love it.
—Me too. The character of the town is well preserved. D
(3)He resembles his father very much in character. A
(4)This is a shopping list written in Chinese characters so you should cherish it. C
4. 根据语境选出observe的词性及含义
A．v.观察 B．v.遵守 C．v.庆祝
(1)The student ought to observe the school rules and regulations. B
(2)In 1664 Hooke observed a reddish spot on the surface of the planet. A
(3)People in other parts of the world have been observing Christmas for many centuries. C
5. 根据语境选出settle的词性及含义
A．v.解决(分歧、纠纷等) B．v.决定；安排C．v.定居 D．v.平静下来 E．v.付清；结账
(1)Please settle your bill before leaving the hotel. E
(2)I took a pill to help settle my nerves. D
(3)She settled in Vienna after her father's death. C
(4)He had to settle his affairs in Paris before he could return home. B
(5)It's time you settled your differences with your father. A
提能训练二 话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)
1．补全要点句
①随着人口老龄化加剧，未来中国会面临劳动力短缺的问题。(with复合结构)
With the population aging, China will face the problem of labor shortage in the future.
②这将会对社会、经济的发展产生不利的影响。(have an impact on)
This will have a negative impact on social and economic development.
③为了解决这个问题，国家已经拟定了方案，想了许多办法来提高人口出生率。(draw up, approach)
To solve this problem, the country has drawn up a program and thought of many approaches to increasing the birth rate of the population.
④现在许多家庭也面临着一系列不容忽视的问题。(currently, series, ignore)
Currently, many families are also facing a series of problems that cannot be ignored．
⑤忙于工作，经济压力大，养育成本高使许多家庭不想生育下一代。(focus on, stress, generation)
Focusing on work, high economic stress and high cost of raising make many families do not want to give birth to the next generation．
⑥国家要利用一切机会向人们做好宣传，提出详尽的办法解决个人和家庭面临的困难。(make use of, detail, individual, 过去分词作后置定语)
The state should make use of every opportunity to publicize to the people and put forward detailed solutions to solve the difficulties faced by individuals and families．
⑦反过来，个人和家庭也要积极地为国家和民族的未来负起责任。(be responsible for)
In return, individuals and families should also be responsible for the future of the country and nation.
2．升级平淡句
⑧将句①和句②用定语从句连接起来
With the population aging, China will face the problem of labor shortage in the future, which will have a negative impact on social and economic development.
⑨将句④和句⑤用such as及现在分词短语连接起来
Currently, many families are also facing a series of problems that cannot be ignored, such as focusing on work, high economic stress and high cost of raising, making many families do not want to give birth to the next generation.
⑩将句⑥和句⑦连接构成并列句
The state should make use of every opportunity to publicize to the people and put forward detailed solutions to solve the difficulties faced by individuals and families and, in return, they should also be responsible for the future of the country and nation.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：therefore)
One possible version：
With the population aging, China will face the problem of labor shortage in the future, which will have a negative impact on social and economic development. To solve this problem, the country has drawn up a program and thought of many approaches to increasing the birth rate of the population. Currently, many families are also facing a series of problems that cannot be ignored, such as focusing on work, high economic stress and high cost of raising, making many families do not want to give birth to the next generation. Therefore, the state should make use of every opportunity to publicize to the people and put forward detailed solutions to solve the difficulties faced by individuals and families and, in return, they should also be responsible for the future of the country and nation.
提能训练三 读后续写3——通过动作描写丰富故事情节
Ⅰ.选词填空(父子亲情)
go wrong, follow behind, pass through, ignore, walk along, beg, protest, bring up,realize
Dad listened attentively as sadness 1.passed through him.He looked at me and said, “I'm angry, not with you but with myself.You see, I 2. realized that I failed as a father if after all these years you feel that you have to lie to me.I failed because I have 3.brought up a son who cannot even tell the truth to his own father.I'm going to walk home now and think where I have 4.gone wrong all these years.”
“But Dad, it's 8 miles to home.It's dark.You can't walk home.” I 5.protested．But all my apologies turned out to be useless.Dad began 6.walking along the dusty road.I quickly jumped in the car and 7.followed behind, hoping he would change his mind.I 8.begged all the way, telling how sorry I was, but he simply 9.ignored me, continuing on silently.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(肖像描写——老人)
Gandalf (甘道夫) was shorter than the other two; but his long white hair, his sweeping silver beard, and his broad shoulders made him look like some wise king of ancient legend.In his aged face under great snowy brows his dark eyes were set like coals that could leap suddenly into fire.
A卷——小题夯基练
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．I'm afraid we'll have to work extra hours for there are still some problems remaining to be settled(解决)．
2．With admiration(钦佩) I went to interview the girls from Beijing.
3．She apologised(道歉) to me for not replying to my letter in time.
4．Although the thief was careful, he was still observed(观察) to steal into the shop last night and caught.
5．It's a great responsibility(责任) but also a great honour to be chosen.
6．When I next saw her she completely ignored(不理) me.
7．We all can go out for a picnic this afternoon — assuming(假设) that the others agree.
8．In summary(概括), your team needs to work with tools they love.
9．The others were fed a normal diet, containing(包含) 20% protein.
10．The tradition has been passed down from one generation(代) to the next.
11．As far as I'm concerned, it is not wise for us to be addicted to playing with smartphones because we may ignore(忽视)other important things in life, such as friendship and taking physical exercise.
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2020·浙江卷7月)A few characters(character) are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.
2．(2018·北京卷)Sometimes ignorance(ignore) and negative(消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.
3．(2020·浙江卷7月)But for your help and professional(profession) instruction，we couldn't have done so brilliantly.
4．(2020·天津卷7月)According to Professor Johnson，we don't have to read the book if we don't want to，as it is optional(option)．
5．(2019·浙江卷6月)Currently(current), contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids too often.
6．Not only can doctors save people's lives but also they are doing a respectable(respect) job.
7．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements(settle)．
8．Absorbed in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching(approach)．
9．All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or nationality(nation)．
10．Don't assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions(assume) any more.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．With all the things she needed bought(buy), she went home happily.
2．A good listener takes part in the conversation, offering ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing(flow)．
3．(全国卷Ⅰ)How is everything getting along with you？I'm writing to tell you something about the next class in details.
4．I haven't read all of his books, but judging(judge) from the one I have read, I think he is a very promising young man.
5．The presence or absence of clouds can have an important impact on heat transfer.
6．For most of the past century it was assumed that the problem had been solved.
7．The project aimed/aiming(aim) at helping young unemployed people is very significant.
Ⅳ. 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．就业市场已经改变，我们找工作的方法也必须改变。
The job market has changed and our approach to finding work must change as well.
2．她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。
She is proud that both her children have a talent for music.
3．He focused his eyes on the book and didn't notice his wallet stolen.
→With his eyes focused on the book, he didn't notice his wallet stolen. (with复合结构)
4．Stress is generally assumed to be caused by too much work.
→It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. (it形式主语)
5．格林先生来访中国的目的是参观长城。
(1)Mr Green visited China with the aim of seeing the Great Wall.
(2)The aim of Mr Green's visiting China was to see the Great Wall.
B卷——大题提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021·北京石景山区一模)What do we mean by responsibility To put it simply, it is a duty to consider the consequences of our actions. In other words, we have a duty to control our behavior.
When we are children, we have few responsibilities. Our parents look after us and we generally don't have to worry about food or shelter. As we grow up, we gradually need to be responsible for more and more things. We learn how to run our own baths, make our own decisions, and realize that we have moral duties. As adults, we are responsible for all aspects of our lives. If there are any problems, we have to handle them ourselves.
We also have responsibilities that go beyond ourselves. Parents have the responsibility to look after their children, ensuring that they have a stable upbringing. Beyond the family, people have a responsibility towards the community as a whole. It is in fact up to us as a society to make this world a safe and pleasant place for everyone.
When we fail in our responsibilities, the consequences are most serious. Teenagers who abandon their studies might ruin their own lives. It is even more horrible to hear about parents who, by not caring for their own children properly, are putting them in danger. Likewise, by not following the traffic rules, careless drivers kill more than a million people around the world every year. Certain professions in our society, such as police officers, exist to protect the public, and the people who do these jobs often risk their own lives in order to do their duty. However, their efforts depend on the support of ordinary people. If we ignore our own responsibilities, society will become dangerous. On a global level, our entire human civilization may be heading towards disaster unless we work together to save our environment.
Furthermore, whether we are shouldering heavy responsibilities, like doctors or lots, or simply taking responsibility for our own learning as students, we will always be judged on how well we perform our duties. For this reason, the hardest part of acting responsibly is admitting that we failed or that we made a mistake. Let's say you visit your friend's house and accidentally damage an expensive teapot while your friend is in another room. The honest thing to do is of course to admit your fault and apologise. Because this requires courage, some people take another route: they pretend that nothing happened. Perhaps a broken teapot might not be such a big deal, but in any given situation, we can choose to act responsibly, and it is somewhat through this choice that we decide what our lives are going to be like.
To summarize, responsibilities are an essential part of life since our actions have consequences. Responsibilities aren't fun, but we can make the burden lighter by sharing them. If everyone considered how their actions would affect themselves and other people, the world would be a better place.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了什么是责任，只有我们承担起责任，世界才会变得更加美好。
1．The passage tells us that ．
A．children have no responsibilities
B．adults often risk their own lives in order to do their duty
C．our responsible actions would make the world a better place
D．responsibilities aren't fun unless we can make the burden lighter by sharing them
C 解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“If everyone considered how their actions would affect themselves and other people, the world would be a better place.(如果每个人都考虑到自己的行为会对自己和他人产生怎样的影响，那么世界将会变得更加美好)”并结合全文可知，这篇文章告诉我们，我们负责任的行为将使世界变得更美好。故选C。
2．According to the author, the hardest part of taking responsibility is ．
A．to control our behavior
B．to handle problems ourselves
C．to affect ourselves and other people
D．to admit our faults and apologise
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“For this reason, the hardest part of acting responsibly is admitting that we failed or that we made a mistake.(因此，承担责任最困难的部分是承认我们失败或犯了错误)”可知，作者认为，承担责任最困难的部分是承认自己的错误和道歉。故选D。
3．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Consequence of Responsibility
B．Significance of Responsibility
C．Essential Part of Responsibility
D．Development of Responsibility
B 解析：标题归纳题。结合全文，文章介绍了什么是责任，我们要怎样承担责任。B项 Significance of Responsibility意为“责任的重要性”符合文章主旨，适合作文章标题。故选B。
4．Which of the following shows the organization of the passage
I：Introduction P：Point Sp：Sub point(次要点) C：Conclusion
A 解析：写作手法题。分析全文，文章第一段简要介绍了责任是什么，是简要分析。第二段介绍了我们从不需要承担什么责任到开始承担各种各样的责任，是第一个要点。第三段第一句介绍了我们总是承担超出自我的责任，是第二个要点。接着介绍了承担责任使得家庭、社会更美好，是第二个要点的第一个次要点。第四段从相反的角度介绍了不负责任的后果，是第二个要点的第二个次要点。第五段介绍了负责任最困难的行为，是第三个要点。最后一段总结全文，承担责任必不可少，只有承担责任世界才会变得更加美好，是总结。分析选项可知，A项正确。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·广东化州一模)Chinese culture values family bonds very much. Family members don't just gather during the holidays. In fact they often live under one roof all year round. 1. Families in the East and West are very different from each other.
In most East Asian cultures, extended families are common. 2. According to the Atlantic, 90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandparents. Chinese people believe that “a grandparent is a treasure to their family”．
In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families (小家庭). These are solely made up of children and their parents.
Additionally, the duties parents have toward their children can also differ. 3.
It's normal for parents to pay for their children's college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment. Chinese adults also follow their parents' opinions when making major life decisions, more often than not.
In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn 18.
4． Also, if they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen by some as a failure on their part.
While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy and independence. 5. Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.
A．These families have three or even four generations living together.
B．Nuclear families are the most common type in China.
C．In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.
D．Different cultures have different family values.
E．But in the end, home is best—east or west.
F．Many young people going to college often need to take out loans and work part time jobs in order to pay for tuition and rent.
G．Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章对比说明了中西方对待家庭关系的不同观念。
1．D 解析：根据第一段前后对比“Chinese culture”和“Families in the East and West”中的家庭成员联系观念的描述可知，此处是说两者之间文化不同所以家庭观念不同，故选D。
2．A 解析：根据第二段主旨句中的“extended families”可知，是包含了很多后代家庭在内，再根据“...were cared for by their grandparents.”可知这些家庭有三代人甚至四代人会住在一起生活，故选A。
3．C 解析：根据第五段中的“It's normal for parents to pay for their children's college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment.(父母为孩子支付大学学费，帮助他们找工作，或者为他们买房子，这些都是很正常的)”可知，在中国许多的父母是把孩子从小照顾到成年，故选C。
4．F 解析：根据第六段中的“kids usually move out of the house after they turn 18(成年后孩子就会搬出去住，那么就要自己承担学费和房租)”以及空后的“it can be seen by some as a failure on their part(否则就会被看作是失败)”可知，许多年轻人上大学经常会贷款或者做兼职来付学费或房租。故选F。
5．E 解析：根据上一句描述东方更关心亲密的家庭关系，而西方则重视隐私和独立；下一句又表达对于世界各地的人来说家庭永远是爱、温暖和关心的源泉可知，无论在东方还是西方，家都是最好的地方，故选E。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021·山东淄博模拟)As our Earth's temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected effects on our world's forests. When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to 1 the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the 2 of photosynthesis (光合作用). As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a 3 death rate.
Climate change also increases the 4 of droughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to 5 ， and in some cases, the forests are 6 permanently. Trees that are stressed are also 7 to attacks by bacteria (细菌). In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as 8 can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients. Finally, humans have 9 the forest landscape through logging. When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the 10 trees that were cut down.
As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change, 11 the variety of those systems. 12 ， some endangered species are unable to 13 and die. Old growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world. When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller 14 poor vegetation. With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will future generations 15 out on the wonders of forests
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了气候变化导致地球温度上升，对我们世界的森林造成了意想不到的影响。首先是温度上升导致树木矮小，生长缓慢，死亡率高；其次，气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性，野火导致了森林的消失，因此以森林为“家”的物种被迫发生改变，甚至死亡。
1．A．protect B．prevent
C．save D．free
B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。protect意为“保护”，prevent意为“阻止”，save意为“拯救”，free意为“释放”。根据下文“the loss of water”可知，树木将树皮闭合是为了阻止水分的流失。故选B。
2．A．movement B．situation
C．process D．operation
C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。movement意为“活动”，situation意为“情况”，process意为“进程”，operation意为“操作”。结合上下文语境可知，树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失，这反过来又减缓了光合作用的进程。故选C。
3．A．higher B．firmer
C．lighter D．smaller
A 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也较高。higher意为“更高的”，firmer意为“更坚固的”，lighter意为“更明亮的”，smaller意为“更小的”。根据上文“these trees are shorter and grow slowly”可知树木矮小，生长缓慢，所以死亡率也会更高了。故选A。
4．A．choice B．measure
C．qualification D．chance
D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。choice意为“选择”，measure意为“措施”，qualification意为“资格”，chance意为“可能性、机会”。根据下文“After wildfires”可知，全球气温升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选D。
5．A．grow B．rescue
C．recover D．decline
C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久无法恢复。grow意为“生长”，rescue意为“营救”，recover意为“恢复”，decline意为“下降”。结合上文“After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to”可知野火焚烧了森林之后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复。故选C。
6．A．ignored B．lost
C．hurt D．left
B 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久无法恢复。ignored意为“被忽视的”，lost意为“无法恢复的”，hurt意为“受伤的”，left意为“左边的”。结合上文可知，野火焚烧了森林，森林需要时间来恢复，但是某些情况下，森林也可能恢复不了。故选B。
7．A．accessible B．enjoyable
C．acceptable D．favorable
A 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：压力大的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。accessible意为“易接近的”，enjoyable意为“快乐的”，acceptable意为“可接受的”，favorable意为“赞成的”。根据下文“to attacks by bacteria(细菌)”可知，树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。短语be accessible to意为“容易进入的、容易接近的”。故选A。
8．A．attention B．command
C．trust D．support
D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在热带森林中，以树木为支撑的藤本植物经常会窒息树木，并盗取树木的养分。attention意为“注意力”，command意为“命令”，trust意为“信任”，support意为“支撑、支持”。结合上文“vines that use the trees as”可知，藤本植物是以树木为支撑的，故选D。
9．A．frightened B．paid
C．ruined D．wasted
C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，人类通过伐木，毁坏了森林景观。frighten意为“使害怕”，pay意为“支付”，ruin意为“毁灭”，waste意为“浪费”。结合下文“the forest landscape through logging”可知人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选C。
10．A．common B．original
C．distant D．strong
B 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当树木被重新种植在土壤上时，它们永远不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大。common意为“普通的”，original意为“原来的”，distant意为“遥远的”，strong意为“强壮的”。结合下文“trees that were cut down”可知，此处指的是人们新种植的树木，不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大了。故选B。
11．A．affecting B．improving
C．forgetting D．reflecting
A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些森林的消失，曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫改变，影响了这些系统的多样性。affect意为“影响”，improve意为“改善”，forget意为“忘记”，reflect意为“放射”。承接上文“As these forests disappear, species that once called them ‘home’ are forced to change”可知，森林的消失，改变了这些物种，也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选A。
12．A．Besides B．Surprisingly
C．Otherwise D．Unfortunately
D 解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。besides意为“而且”。surprisingly意为“惊人地”，otherwise意为“否则”，unfortunately意为“不幸地”。根据下文“some endangered species are unable to”可知，不幸的是，某些物种无法适应这些改变，只能死亡。故选D。
13．A．devote B．keep
C．adapt D．lead
C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。devote意为“贡献”，keep意为“保持”，adapt意为“适应”，lead意为“带领”。根据上文“species that once called them ‘home’ are forced to change”可知，物种被迫发生改变，而某些物种无法适应，只能死去。故选C。
14．A．due to B．in addition to
C．instead of D．in spite of
A 解析：考查短语辨析。句意：当森林死亡时，在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良而变得更弱、更小。due to意为“因为”，in addition to意为“另外”，instead of意为“而不是”，in spite of意为“尽管”。根据下文“poor vegetation”可知此处指年轻森林由于植被不良，而变得更弱、更小。故选A。
15．A．pass B．miss
C．break D．bring
B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着树木不断地死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇迹吗？pass意为“通过”，miss意为“错过”，break意为“打破”，bring意为“带来”。结合下文“out on the wonders of forests”可知此处指错过森林的奇迹。短语miss out意为“错过”。故选B。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2021·新高考八省联考模考)Like many other students, you may have various people, 1. (include) family members and friends, giving input on your college decision.
While many of your trusted relatives and peers(同龄人) may have very 2. (value) advice that can help you to make the decision, finally the choice is yours and yours alone. Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and 3. (satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy 4. (let) a particular school become a front－runner early on 5. your decision－making process, and it may even become the winning choice—but be sure to carefully evaluate every school 6. has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.
Do keep 7. open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that there's no re－living a certain semester(学期), and there's no making up for lost time. Don't go to a school 8. (specific) for a high school relationship 9. to make someone else happy. A 10. (student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于学生该如何选择自己要上的学校的建议，虽然亲戚和朋友可能有非常有价值的建议，但还是要自己做决定，充分考虑每一种选择， 保持开放的心态， 把自己的教育放在首位。
1．including 解析：考查介词。句意：像许多其他学生一样，可能会有各种各样的人，包括家庭成员和朋友，为你的大学决定提供建议。结合句意，此处表示“包含……在内”，后跟名词family members and friends作宾语，应用介词including。故填including。
2．valuable 解析：考查形容词。句意：虽然许多你信任的亲戚和同龄人可能有非常有价值的建议，它可以帮助你做决定，但是最终的选择需要你自己做出，也只能靠你自己做出。应用形容词valuable修饰名词advice，作定语。故填valuable。
3．satisfied 解析：考查形容词。句意：只有你才能充分意识到大学哪些方面会让你真正感到快乐和满足，所以要把这一点放在心上。此处为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，修饰人应用－ed结尾的形容词satisfied。故填satisfied。
4．to let 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在你做决定的早期阶段，把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的，它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择——但一定要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校，因为你申请每一所学校都有特定的理由。此处为“it be＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型，it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。故填to let。
5．during 解析：考查介词。句意同上。结合语境，此处表示“在……期间”，应用during。故填during。
6．that 解析：考查定语从句。句意同上。此处为定语从句修饰先行词school，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由every修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
7．an 解析：考查冠词。句意：一定要保持开放的心态。结合句意，此处表示“保持开放的心态”，即keep an open mind。故填an。
8．specifically 解析：考查副词。句意：不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。副词specifically，修饰后文介词短语for a high school relationship，作状语。故填specifically。
9．or 解析：考查连词。句意同上。否定句中，表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。
10．student's 解析：考查名词所有格。句意：一个学生的大学经历是他或她自己的，学生必须把他或她的教育放在首位。此处student与后文college experience构成所属关系，结合后文“his or her own”可知，此处指一个学生的大学经历，故应用有生命的名词所有格形式student's。故填student's。
写作新题型(一)
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2021·新高考八省联考模考)假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文诗朗诵比赛。请给外教George写封邮件求助，内容包括：
1．说明比赛要求；
2．请他推荐英文诗；
3．请教朗诵技巧。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear George，
I'm writing to ask for your help.
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear George，
I'm writing to ask for your help. Our school will hold an English Poetry Reading Contest next weekend. I am eager to have a try. It is required that the theme should be about nature. Each contestant is given up to five minutes to read the poem. So would you please be so kind to give me some recommendations on which poem to choose Besides, what I need are the skills of recitation, including pronunciation and intonation, which will perfect my performance.
I'd appreciate it if you could give me some guidance. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a cold, stormy winter day, an old friend invited me out for a cup of coffee. We met by his house, and as we walked down the street, we passed by a small café with a sign hanging on the door that read: “You're welcome in. We have suspended coffee.”
“Suspended coffee？” I asked my friend. “What does that mean？”“You've never heard of it？” my friend asked, and I shook my head. “Follow me，” he told me, and we joined the line of people standing in front of the cash register.
“What can I offer you today？” the cashier asked a couple of young lawyers who were looking at the menu. “I think we'll take three cups of coffee，” one of them said. “Two now, and one suspended.” The cashier nodded, as if it were an ordinary order, took the payment and placed two cups of hot coffee on the counter. The two thanked him, took the two cups and left without waiting for the third. The next in line was an older couple. “The same order as always？” the cashier smiled at them. “Yes, thank you，” replied the woman. “But please add two cups of suspended coffee. We haven't purchased any of those for quite a while.”
A few minutes later the couple received their order, and our turn to order arrived.“Good morning！”said the cashier.“How can I help you？”“I think we'd like two cups of coffee，”my friend said. “We'll drink them here.” When our order was ready, we took our cups and sat down to drink them together. “Will you tell me what this is about？” I asked my friend, but he just said, “Wait and see.”
Our conversation flowed, and before we noticed it, nearly two hours passed. The café was almost empty of people when the door suddenly opened and a man in old shabby clothes and a tired look came in and stood quietly in front of the cash register.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
He thought for a moment and then asked quietly：“Do you have a cup of suspended coffee？”
When he saw my expression, my friend began to explain it to me.
One possible version：
He thought for a moment and then asked quietly: “ Do you have a cup of suspended coffee？” The cashier smiled and nodded, poured the man a cup of hot coffee and placed it in front of him. The man thanked him, took the cup of coffee and left. No one else seemed to take notice of this moment, which appeared to be ordinary in this café(定语从句), but I could not help being moved by this little gesture. However, to my puzzlement, what does suspended coffee mean
When he saw my expression, my friend began to explain it to me. “Anyone can prepay for a cup of coffee for someone less fortunate without making them feel bad. The cup of coffee waits for anyone interested in it, and who knows better than us what a warm cup of coffee can do for a cold day(宾语从句)．” When we got up to leave, I stopped for a moment and went back to the cash register. “I just wanted to buy another cup of coffee. Suspended.”
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