(共155张PPT)
英语
第一部分 基础考点聚焦
必修第三册
Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you
01
语基夯实 课前闯关
02
创意课堂 多维突破
04
课后达标 知能提升
03
高效演练 素养提能
sink
duty
tear
moreover
apart
frank
loose
fault
Forgive
signals
fence
accident
breath
breathe
breathless
concern
concerned
concerning
annoyed
annoy
annoying
annoyance
adjust
adjustment
adjustable
embarrassment
embarrass
embarrassing
embarrassed
independent
independence
annoying
concerned
concerned
concerns
embarrassment
embarrassing
embarrassed
breathe
breathless
breath
help out
let down
let off steam
take a breath
pull one's weight
by accident
fit in with
in a mess
come to one's mind
complain about/of...
in advance
hide...from...
by accident
fit in with
in advance
complaining about
help out
let down
in a mess
This is why he was late for work
Worried about the hotel bill
what to wear
even if we lost the game
out
(to) earn
clapping
couldn't help taking pictures
let me down
let out
let alone
let in
let me down
faulty
found fault with
was at fault for
signaling
signals
signaled
signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations
held our breath
out of breath
took/drew a deep breath
catch her breath
breathe a sigh of relief
lose your breath
be out of breath
concerned
with
for/about
concerning
From my point of view
As far as I'm concerned
annoying
with
What annoyed him most was that
annoyed
fulfilling
from/against
that the patient has a good night's sleep
make sure
for
摒弃前嫌
forgive my impolite behavior
on
depending
independent
You can depend on him to help you
You can depend on him helping you
You can depend on it that he will help you
to make
to decorate
whether to accept
knows
invited
even if opaque to visible light
v.保证
v.批评
v.低声说
v.降低；减少
adj.不受约束；未束缚
v.免除
C
B
A
B
C
A
B
A
C
D
E
be annoyed or let off steam at will
embarrass yourself or others
fit in with others and help others out
are pulling our weight
Even if you are sometimes complained
criticized by others
lets others down
Frankly speaking
takes strategy
adjust ourselves
In public places, we should pay attention to our words and deeds and should not be annoyed or let off steam at will, which will only embarrass yourself or others.
We should learn to fit in with others and help others out while pulling our weight.
extremely
to ache
complete darkness
choked him
to crack
independent
adjustment
annoyed
concerned
breathing
Frankly
Moreover
duty
sinks
loosen
faulty
breathe
annoying
Adjusting
accidentally
Frankly
embarrassment
wondering
depending
about
to meet
by
down
the
which to choose
Even if a person has already got plenty of money,
depend on it that they will support you
out of breath
It embarrassed her greatly to borrow money
What embarrassed her greatly was
She was greatly embarrassed to borrow money
To her great embarrassment
F．You may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.
A．Before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them.
C．The second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or ignore others.
E．Jane Elliott had shown that the way people are treated affects not only their behavior but also their confidence and their performance.
B．Remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behavior to you.Unit 1 Knowing me knowing you
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂____________________________________________________
默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。
1.steam n． 2.resolve v.
3.strategy n. 4.core adj.
5.ensure v. 6.complexity n.
7.criticise v. 8.boxing n.
9.web n. 10.justify v．
[自主核对区]
1．蒸汽，水蒸气 2.解决
3．策略，计谋；行动计划 4.核心的
5．确保，保证 6.复杂性，错综复杂
7．批评，指责 8.拳击(运动)
9．蜘蛛网 10.证明；为……辩护
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通__________________________________________________
[辨词义·写词形]
1．sink v． 使沉没
2．duty n. 责任；义务，职责
3．tear n. 眼泪
4．moreover adv. 此外，而且
5．apart adv. 分离，分开
6．frank adj. 坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的
7．loose adj. 控制不严的
8．fault n. 责任，过错
[入语境·重活用]
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Forgive(原谅) yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals(信号) to the spacecraft and to Earth.
3．It's obvious that he deliberately destroyed the fence(篱笆) of the garden even without apology.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) I became interested in playing football thanks to a small accident(事故)．
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活_______________________________________________________
1．breath n．气息；呼吸→breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breathless adj.喘不过气来
2．concern n．忧虑，担心；关心 vt.关心；担心；与……相关→concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的→concerning prep.关于；就……而言
3．annoyed adj.颇为生气的；恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼→annoying adj.令人生气的→annoyance n．烦恼；使人烦恼的事
4．adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合→adjustment n．调整；适合→adjustable adj.可调节的
5．embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrass v．使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的，不好意思的，难为情的
6．independent adj.独立的；自主的→independence n．独立；自主,[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Bacteria are an annoying(annoy) problem for astronauts.
2．Our parents are concerned about our health.As far as I'm concerned,_we should talk with them and tell them our concerns．(concern)
3．To our embarrassment，all of us had no money to pay for the bill.In that embarrassing situation，all of us were very embarrassed．(embarrass)
4．Yesterday, I climbed the mountain top to breathe the fresh air.Although I became breathless when I was on the top, the breath of fresh air was worth it.(breath)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现_________________________________________________________
1．help_out 帮一把
2．let_down 使失望
3．let_off_steam 发泄怒火；宣泄情绪
4．take_a_breath 吸一口气
5．pull_one's_weight 做好分内事；尽责
6．by_accident 偶然；意外地
7．fit_in_with 适应；符合；与……一致；与……合得来
8．in_a_mess 乱七八糟；陷入困境；混乱，杂乱
9．come_to_one's_mind 想起
10．complain_about/of... 抱怨……
11．in_advance 提前，事先
12．hide...from... 向……隐瞒……
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．Success in life doesn't happen by_accident. It's the result of devoting your time and energy to what you've set out to do.
2．Before going overseas，students should make some preparations so that they can fit_in_with the life in foreign countries soon.
3．Tom is likely to come this weekend so we must make some preparations in_advance．
4．We should strictly and voluntarily obey traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than complaining_about traffic jams.
5．He was brought in from Toronto to help_out the local police.
6．When we are let_down,_it is wise to have a positive attitude.
7．Nothing in the room is in_a_mess，so I think they couldn't have searched it.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.“此外”过渡词集锦①moreover 再者，此外②furthermore 此外，而且③besides 此外，而且④in addition 此外⑤what's more 更重要的是；此外 2.“说”法不一①frankly speaking 坦白地说，老实说②relatively speaking 相对而言③honestly speaking 说实话④generally speaking 一般来说⑤roughly speaking 粗略地说⑥strictly speaking 严格地说 3.“动词＋out”的短语聚会①help out 帮忙做事；摆脱困境②stand out 突出，显眼③figure out 计算出；弄明白④work out 计算出，解决⑤give out 用完；分发；发出⑥try out 测试，试验
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
I'm crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too，which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.我对篮球很着迷，也很擅长篮球，这可能就是我们输掉最后一场比赛时我那么生气的原因。 “that/this/which/it is why...”意为“那/这/它是……的原因” 1.汤姆今天早上睡过头了。这就是他上班迟到的原因。Tom overslept this morning.This_is_why_he_was_late_for_work.
Embarrassed and ashamed, I can't concentrate on anything.由于又尴尬又惭愧，我做什么都不能集中精力。 形容词短语作状语 2.由于担心旅馆的费用，昨晚我没睡好。Worried_about_the_hotel_bill，I didn't sleep well last night.
续 表
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Anne was shocked by the decision and did not know what to do.安妮对这个决定感到震惊，不知道该怎么办。 特殊疑问词＋to do 3.(2019·江苏卷)李江和苏华正在讨论下个月接待英国学生时穿什么。Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what_to_wear when receiving the British students next month.
Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It's great！”， even if we think it's awful. 或者，如果朋友问我们对他们的新发型有什么看法，我们会说“太棒了！”，即使我们觉得很糟糕。 even if引导状语从句 4.(2018·天津卷)即使我们输掉比赛，我感觉它对我们来说，也会是一场胜利。I felt that it would be a victory for us even_if_we_lost_the_game.
[学生用书P95]
help out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①We think this is the opportunity for us youth to contribute to helping the victims out．
②(2020·新高考山东卷)I wish we could help him (to)_earn(earn) money.
③The movie is so wonderful that I can't help clapping(clap)．
[再写美]——微写作
④(2018·北京卷满分作文)惊叹于这种独特的文化，留学生们忍不住不时地拍照。
Amazed by this unique culture, the foreign students couldn't_help_taking_pictures_from time to time.
(1)help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
(2)can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮着做某事
can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
(3)with the help of 在……的帮助下
[佳句背诵] It was my mother who helped me out of the trouble when I felt really helpless during that period of time. 是我母亲在我感到特别无助的那段时间里帮我摆脱了困境。
let down 使失望；辜负
[先练会]——用let的相关短语填空
①You let_me_down when you didn't come to my birthday party.
②It remains unknown who let_out the secret.
③They did not want to admit to any problem, let_alone discuss them with foreigners.
④We opened the windows and let_in the fresh evening air.
[再写美]——词汇升级
⑤(普通表达)It was what you said just now that disappointed me.
(高级表达)It was what you said just now that let_me_down．
let alone 更不用提
let...alone 别管……
let go of 释放，松手放开
let out 发出；放走，释放；放大；说出秘密，泄密
let in 允许进入；容许；改小
[佳句背诵] Jenny is always feeling lonely, for she never participates in social activities, let alone makes friends. 珍妮总是觉得孤独，因为她从来不参与社交活动，更谈不上交朋友了。
fault n．责任，过错；错误；缺点
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The plan is faulty(fault) in every respect so we should perfect it.
②She was highly self critical and also found_fault_with her friends.
[再写美]——微写作
③没有人知道火车失事是谁的错误。
Nobody knew who was_at_fault_for the train accident.
(1)find fault with 挑剔，找茬
at fault 负有责任；有过错
(2)faulty adj. 有错误的；不完美的
[佳句背诵] Don't always find fault with others; there is no perfect person in the world.
不要老是挑剔别人，世上没有完人。
signal n．信号；暗号；信号灯 v．发信号；示意；表明；标志
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2021·浙江卷1月)In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling (signal): “Climb on me.”
②(2019·北京卷)The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals(signal) that we really have changed our planet.
③The police signaled(signal) to the driver to stop his car by raising his hand.
[再写美]——微写作
④正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。
The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signalling_the_end_of_the_Spring_Festival_celebrations. (分词作状语)
(1)a traffic signal 交通信号
send out a signal 发出信号
(2)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that... 示意(某人)……
[佳句背诵] The grand military parade of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the PRC should be a signal that China has become a rich and powerful country.
中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大阅兵应该是中国已经成为一个富强的国家的标志。
breath n．气息；呼吸的空气
[先练会]——用breath的相关短语填空
①We held_our_breath while Mr Evans read the exam results.
②When he dashed back，he was already out_of_breath．
③He took/drew_a_deep_breath of the fresh mountain air.
④Mary, extremely pale and with her mouth half open, was trying to catch_her_breath．
[再写美]——微写作/一句多译
⑤(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)当赛季结束时，我们大多数志愿者都松了一口气。
Most of us volunteers breathe_a_sigh_of_relief when the season comes to a close.
⑥如果你跑得很快，你可能会喘不过气来。
a．If you run very fast，you may lose_your_breath．
b．If you run very fast, you may be_out_of_breath．
(1)out of breath 上气不接下气
catch one's breath 缓一口气；歇口气
hold one's breath 屏息；屏气
take/draw a deep breath 深呼吸
lose one's breath 喘不过气来
(2)breathe v. 呼吸
breathe in/out 吸/呼气
breathe a sigh of relief 轻轻地舒了口气
[佳句背诵] Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite.The morning air is so good to breathe.
在一年四季中，夏天是我的最爱。早晨的空气呼吸起来是那么美好。(四川卷)
concern v．涉及；与……有关；(使)担忧 n．担心；忧虑；关心；(利害)关系
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)My mom is really concerned(concern) with the health of everyone in our family.
②The meeting was concerned with reforms and everyone present was concerned for/about their own interests.
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)I'm writing to express my opinion concerning(concern) Chinese customs, which is useful for you to pay a visit to a Chinese friend.
[再写美]——词汇升级
(普通表达)In my opinion, it is necessary for you to have a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.
④(高级表达)From_my_point_of_view,_it is necessary for you to have a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.
⑤(高级表达)As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it is necessary for you to have a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
(1)show/express concern about/for...
对……表示关心
(2)concerned adj. 担心的；忧虑的
be concerned about/for... 担心……；关心……
be concerned with... 与……有关；涉及；关心……
as far as...be concerned
就……而言；依……之见
(3)concerning prep. 关于；涉及
[佳句背诵] (1)If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustn't miss this excellent opportunity!
如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇或者关心学校的未来， 一定不要错过这次极好的机会！(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
(2)The report expressed concern about continuing high unemployment.
该报告表达了对失业率居高不下的忧虑。
annoyed adj.烦恼的，恼火的
[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①It's annoying(annoy) that we can't travel until Thursday, but the upside is that the fare's cheaper then.
②The manager was annoyed with me because I made a big mistake in my work.
③What_annoyed_him_most_was_that(最使他生气的是) he had received no apology.
[再写美]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)Don't get angry with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them.
(高级表达)Don't get annoyed with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them.
(1)annoy sb. with sth. 因某事使某人烦恼
What annoys sb. most is that...
最让某人生气的是……
(2)annoyed adj. 感到恼火的；觉得生气的
be/get annoyed with sb. 对某人感到生气
(3)annoying adj. 使人不高兴的；恼人的
[佳句背诵] Failure is annoying, but what failure can teach us may never be taught in other ways.
失败是令人恼火的，但失败能教给我们的东西是其他方式不能给予的。
ensure vt.保证；担保；确保
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①We ensure fulfilling(fulfill) the task on time.
②We should try all means to ensure ourselves from/against all possible risks.
[再写美]——句型转换/同义替换
③This pill will ensure the patient a good night's sleep.
→This pill will ensure that_the_patient_has_a_good_night's_sleep．
④The teacher spared no effort to ensure that all students had an equal chance.
→The teacher spared no effort to make_sure that all students had an equal chance.
ensure sb.sth.(＝ensure sth.to sb.)
向某人保证某事
ensure doing... 保证做……
ensure sb.from/against... 确保某人免受……
[佳句背诵] Compared to the advantages of the Internet, those of the television alone will not be enough to ensure its survival, and in many people's opinion, the latter will be replaced.
相较于网络的优势，电视单靠自身的优势将不足以保证幸存下来，在许多人看来，后者(电视)将会被取代。
forgive v．原谅；宽恕
[先练会]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don't agree with that.
②It's a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society.摒弃前嫌
[再写美]——微写作
③我写信向您道歉，希望您能宽宏大量原谅我不礼貌的行为。
I'm writing to apologize to you, hoping you could generously forgive_my_impolite_behavior.
(1)forgive me 请原谅我；对不起
forgive sb.for (doing) sth.
原谅某人(做了)某事
(2)forgiveness n. 原谅
[佳句背诵] Forgive me for having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness. 请原谅我占用了你这么多时间，请接受我最美好的祝愿，祝你健康和幸福。
independent adj.独立的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)Success depends fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.
②(2020·江苏卷)Multiple genes behaved differently，depending(depend) on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.
③(2019·天津卷)Tom is so independent(depend) that he never asks his parents' opinion unless he wants their support.
[再写美]——一句多译
有困难时你可以指望他来帮你。
④You_can_depend_on_him_to_help_you when you are in trouble.
⑤You_can_depend_on_him_helping_you when you are in trouble.
⑥You_can_depend_on_it_that_he_will_help_you when you are in trouble.
(1)independence n． 独立；自立
(2)depend v. 依赖；取决于；指望
depend on/upon 根据；依靠，指望；由……决定，取决于
depend on/upon sb.to do/doing... 依靠某人做……
depend on sb.for... 依靠某人提供……
depend on/upon it that... 指望……；相信……
(3)It/That (all) depends. 视情况而定。
[佳句背诵] There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.
毫无疑问，在消费中完全依赖排名也是不明智的。(2018·辽宁卷满分作文)
特殊疑问词＋to do
(教材原句) Anne was shocked by the decision and did not know what to do.
安妮对这个决定感到震惊，不知道该怎么办。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·北京卷满分作文)With their interest greatly sparked，I then began to teach them how to_make(make) tea.
②With the Teachers' Day approaching, we've decided which classrooms to_decorate(decorate)．
[再写美]——句型转换
③I really have no idea whether I will accept her invitation or not.
→I really have no idea whether_to_accept her invitation or not.
“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。
(1)在“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(2)why或why not后加不定式时，不定式省略符号to。
(3)whether后可接不定式，而if不可以。
[佳句背诵] I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.
如果你能给我们一些关于如何改进我们的机器人的建议，我将不胜感激。(2018·天津卷满分作文)
even if引导状语从句
(教材原句)Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It's great！”， even if we think it's awful.
或者，如果朋友问我们对他们的新发型有什么看法，我们会说“太棒了！”，即使我们觉得很糟糕。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①He won't eat his words even if he knows(know) he said the wrong things.
②He won't come to our party even if invited(invite)．
[再写美]——句式升级
③(普通表达)Most objects, even if they are opaque (不透光) to visible light, will let X rays through.
(高级表达)Most objects, even_if_opaque_to_visible_light,_will let X rays through.(省略句)
even if/though意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。在主、从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时也可采用省略句结构，即省略从句的主语和be动词。
[佳句背诵] (1)Even if/though you were slow in study，you shouldn't give up studies.
既使你学习进步慢，你也不应该放弃学业。
(2)—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
—Even though it is not your style, that doesn't mean it is bad.
——为什么人们喜欢流行音乐？我很讨厌它。
——虽然它不是你喜欢的风格，但这并不意味着这种音乐不好。(2020·天津卷7月)
[学生用书P98]
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2019·北京卷)Although the programme asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes beyond to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. v．保证
2．(天津卷)I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticised. v．批评
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．“You don't understand，” he breathed.v.低声说
2．The pound has sunk to its lowest recorded level against the dollar.v.降低；减少
3．The sheep had got out and were loose on the road.adj.不受约束；未束缚
4．The government has agreed to forgive a large part of the debt.v.免除
Ⅲ.一词多义
1. 根据语境选出resolve的词性及含义
(1)The difficulties in her way merely strengthened her resolve.__C__
(2)It was resolved that the matter be referred to a higher authority.__B__
(3)We must find a way to resolve these problems before it's too late.__A__
2. 根据语境选出tear的词性及含义
(1)He tore his clothes off and dived into the lake.__B__
(2)When residents learned on Wednesday that only one of the 13 workers trapped underground had survived they burst into tears.__C__
(3)The city will tear down these old buildings to make room for the new highway.__A__
3. 根据语境选出concern的词性及含义
A．v.影响；涉及 B．v.担忧 C．n.担忧 D．n.关爱 E．n.重要的事
(1)What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.__B__
(2)Where our children's education is concerned, no compromise is acceptable.__A__
(3)She hasn't been seen for four days and there is concern for her safety.__C__
(4)Without her care and concern, he had no chance at all.__D__
(5)The government's primary concern is to reduce crime.__E__
提能训练二 话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)
1．补全要点句
①在公共场合，我们要注意自己的言行举止，不要随意生气或宣泄情绪。(annoy, let off steam)
In public places, we should pay attention to our words and deeds and should not be_annoyed_or_let_off_steam_at_will．
②这只会让自己或别人尴尬。(embarrass)
It will only embarrass_yourself_or_others．
③我们在做好自己分内事的同时，也要学会和他人相处，帮助他人。(pull one's weight, fit in with, help out)
We should learn to fit_in_with_others_and_help_others_out while we are_pulling_our_weight．
④即使有时受到别人的抱怨、误解、批评，也要学会宽容，不要做出让人失望的事来。(even if, criticize, let down)
Even_if_you_are_sometimes_complained,_misunderstood and criticized_by_others,_you should also learn to be tolerant and not to do something that lets_others_down．
⑤坦白地说，要做到举止得体是需要策略的，甚至我们要对自己作出调整。(frank, strategy, adjust)
Frankly_speaking,_it takes_strategy to behave properly, and even we have to adjust_ourselves．
2．升级平淡句
⑥将句①和句②用定语从句连接起来
In_public_places,_we_should_pay_attention_to_our_words_and_deeds_and_should_not_be_annoyed_or_let_off_steam_at_will,_which_will_only_embarrass_yourself_or_others.
⑦将句③改为省略句
We_should_learn_to_fit_in_with_others_and_help_others_out_while_pulling_our_weight.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：at the same time)
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
In public places, we should pay attention to our words and deeds and should not be annoyed or let off steam at will, which will only embarrass yourself or others.At the same time, we should learn to fit in with others and help others out while pulling our weight. Even if you are sometimes complained, misunderstood and criticized by others, you should also learn to be tolerant and not to do something that lets others down.Frankly speaking, it takes strategy to behave properly, and even we have to adjust ourselves.
提能训练三 读后续写13——用形容词和副词增加细节描述
Ⅰ.翻译实践(表示悲伤)
→普通表达：我非常悲伤。
I am sad.
→概括描述：用适当的副词修饰形容词
I was extremely sad.
→细节描述：增加悲伤的表现＋句型
悲伤的表现：心疼、黑暗、哽咽、声音嘶哑等
句型：比喻、夸张等修辞
My heart began to_ache and I felt I was thrown into complete_darkness．(心疼、黑暗)
Something choked_him and he could not finish the sentence.(哽咽)
Her voice began to_crack．(声音嘶哑)
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(乌云黑夜烘托哀愁压抑)
1．The sky is overcast, darkened with gloomy clouds.
2．The thin trees were blowing wildly, and untidy gray crowds were sailing past a pale, sickly moon.
3．The sky was overcast, and the whole world seemed to be enveloped in a huge gray quilt.
A卷——小题夯基练[学生用书P385(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．The true traveler sets out to make an independent(独立的), unhurried journey to the unknown, travelling where few people have set foot.
2．In some experts' eyes, the recent thick fog and haze can in some way accelerate the adjustment(调节) of Chinese economy structure.
3．Mr. Davies was annoyed(生气的) that the books were missing.
4．Nowadays people are more concerned(关心) about the environment where they live.
5．The boy didn't come to life and the method to start his breathing(呼吸) ended up as a failure.
6．Frankly(坦白地), rather than take a bus home, I prefer to walk every day.
7．True friendship should be based on mutual understanding, not on mutual benefit.Moreover(而且), both must also have similar ideals.
8．There is no doubt that obeying the traffic rule is our duty(义务)．
9．Hurry up! We need to get to the top of the mountain before the sun sinks(落下) in the west.
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．President Xi urged Washington to adopt concrete measures to loosen(loose) high tech export controls to China.
2．I got on electric shock from that faulty(fault)light switch.
3．(四川卷)In summer，fresh air is comfortable to breathe(breath) and natural scenery is pleasant to enjoy.
4．(天津卷)It was really annoying(annoy); I couldn't get access to the data bank you had recommended.
5．(2019·江苏卷)Adjusting(adjust) to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra large skull.
6．(天津卷)You write an unkind message about someone，intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally(accident)send it to the person you're discussing.
7．Frankly(frank) speaking, I am not in favor of your plan.
8．Much to her embarrassment(embarrass), she realized that everyone was staring at her.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering(wonder) how long it would take to get there.
2．(2019·北京卷)Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending(depend) on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
4．It embarrassed me to_meet(meet) the young man again, for I misunderstood him.
5．He broke the glass on purpose not by accident.
6．Tom's tense face told me that we had let him down hard.
7．She did not dislike Lily because the latter was brilliant and predominant (高高在上)．
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．这两者之间没有区别，我真的不知道该选哪一个。
There isn't any difference between the two.I really don't know which_to_choose．
2．即使一个人已经有足够的钱，也买不来幸福。
Even_if_a_person_has_already_got_plenty_of_money,_happiness can't be bought by money.
3．You may depend on them to support you.
→You may depend_on_it_that_they_will_support_you．(that从句)
4．They reached the company breathlessly only to be told they were fired.
→They reached the company out_of_breath only to be told they were fired.
5．她又向他借钱，这使她很尴尬。
(1)It_embarrassed_her_greatly_to_borrow_money from him again.(it作形式主语)
(2)What_embarrassed_her_greatly_was to borrow money from him again.(what引导的主语从句)
(3)She_was_greatly_embarrassed_to_borrow_money from him again.(embarrassed)
(4)To_her_great_embarrassment,_she borrowed money from him again.(embarrassment)
B卷——大题提能练[学生用书P386(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·泉州质检)
Reasons Every Teen Should Go to Summer Camp
Improve Interpersonal Skills & Form Close Friendships
In a world where anyone can look up a fact and where machines are replacing even complex workplace tasks, employers need employees who can interact effectively with other people.This is one of the most important skills teens can learn at camp.In the non competitive camp culture, teens build up their “emotional intelligence(EQ)”， their face to face communication and relationship skills.
Experience Character Development and Develop Life Skills
Teens develop other important life skills at camp, including independence, responsibility, and decision making.Teens grow considerably in environment away from their parents where they are forced to live on their own and find their own resources.
Meet Positive Role Models
Walk into any well run summer camp and you'll be surrounded by wholesome, outdoorsy young people.Camp offers teens the opportunity to be among young adults who are positive role models and to form close relationships with them.Most camp counselors are hard working college students who want to serve others.Aren't they just the kind of young adults you want your teen to become
Discover Their Best Self
Camp experiences offer teens the chance to step back from the tiring task of academics and competitive sports and instead think about what's important to them.Many campers become less self absorbed after spending a few weeks at camp, learning to train their focus on others.They discover new hobbies and avenues to pursue in education and their future careers.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了每个青少年都应该去参加夏令营的原因：提高人际交往能力和建立亲密的友谊；体验性格发展和培养生活技能；遇到积极的榜样；发现最好的自己。
1．What can teens acquire in the camp to meet their future career
A．Computer competence.
B．Communication skills.
C．Adventurous spirit.
D．Academic quality.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“employers need employees who can interact effectively with other people.This is one of the most important skills teens can learn at camp.In the non competitive camp culture, teens build up their ‘emotional intelligence(EQ)’， their face to face communication and relationship skills.(雇主需要能与他人有效互动的员工。这是青少年能在夏令营学习的最重要的技能之一。参与夏令营活动，青少年能够培养他们的情商、面对面的交流和人际关系技能)”可知，青少年在夏令营活动中可以培养自己的沟通能力来满足他们未来的职业生涯需求。故选B。
2．Which of the following best describes camp counselors
A．Committed. B．Ambitious.
C．Humorous. D．Demanding.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Most camp counselors are hard working college students who want to serve others.”可知，大多数营队辅导员都是勤奋的大学生，他们想为别人服务。committed意为“尽心尽力的”，ambitious意为“有雄心的”，humorous意为“幽默的”demanding意为“要求高的”。因此committed最适合描述营队辅导员。故选A。
3．What change can camp experiences bring to many campers
A．Preferring non competitive culture.
B．Becoming positive role models.
C．Focusing more on academics and competitive sports.
D．Finding more suitable future career choices.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They discover new hobbies and avenues to pursue in education and their future careers.(在教育和未来的职业生涯中，他们发现新的爱好和追求的途径)”可知，参与夏令营活动能给许多营员带来机会，他们可以找到适合自己的未来职业。故选D。
B
(2021·山东聊城二模)On the 3rd of July, about six in the morning, I was watering my flowers.A young man entered the garden.He was blonde，beardless; he wore a German cap and gold glasses in a proud way.A long, loose woolen coat hung down in a sad way around his body.He wore no gloves; his leather shoes had huge soles.I put down my watering pot, and greeted him in German with：“Guten Morgen！”“Monsieur，” he said to me in French, but with a very unpleasant accent, “my name is Hermann Schultz; I have come to pass some months in Greece, and I have carried your book with me everywhere.”
That praise filled my heart with sweet joy; the stranger's voice seemed more beautiful than Mozart's music, and I directed a swift look of gratitude toward his gold glasses.You would hardly believe how much we love those who have taken the trouble to understand our jargon (行业术语)．
I took him by the hand and seated him beside me on the garden bench.He told me that he was a botanist and that he had a commission from the “Jardin des Plantes” in Hamburg.In order to complete his herbarium (植物标本馆), he was studying the country, the animals, and the people.He expressed himself uneasily, but with frankness which inspired confidence.He questioned me, if not about every one in Athens, at least about all the principal persons in my book.In the course of the conversation, he made some statements on general subjects, which seemed to me quite insightful.Therefore, they motivated me to think more deeply and get a more reasonable opinion.At the end of an hour we had become good friends.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位年轻人就作者书籍上的内容向作者请教讨论，最后他们成为好朋友的故事。
4．How did the author find the young man at first
A．Fashionable. B．Unfavorable.
C．Easy going. D．Indifferent.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的对这个年轻人的外貌和着装的描述以及“‘Monsieur，’ he said to me in French, but with a very unpleasant accent(‘先生’，他用法语和我说，但是用一种非常令人不愉快的口音)”可知，作者一开始觉得这个年轻人是令人不快的。故选B。
5．Why did the author feel grateful to the young man
A．Because he brought the author a good pair of glasses.
B．Because he thought highly of the author's achievements.
C．Because he delighted the author with Mozart's music.
D．Because he took the time to read the author's work.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“You would hardly believe how much we love those who have taken the trouble to understand our jargon (行业术语)．(你几乎不能相信我们是多么热爱那些不辞劳苦地理解我们行业术语的人)”可知，作者因为年轻人花时间去理解作者的书籍而感激他。故选D。
6．What can we infer about the young man from the last paragraph
A．He was good at public speaking.
B．He was lacking in self confidence.
C．He was slow in learning German culture.
D．He was enthusiastic about studies of plants.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In order to complete his herbarium (植物标本馆)，he was studying the country, the animals, and the people.(为了完成他的植物标本馆，他正在研究国家、动物和人)”，“He questioned me, if not about every one in Athens, at least about all the principal persons in my book.(他向我提问，即使不是雅典的所有人，至少是我书本上的所有主要人物)”和“In the course of the conversation, he made some statements on general subjects, which seemed to me quite insightful.(在这次谈话过程中，他对一般话题阐述了些观点，这对于我来说似乎相当有见解)”可知，这个年轻人热爱植物研究。故选D。
7．What's the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To introduce a young botanist's achievements.
B．To show the start of his friendship with a stranger.
C．To describe the benefits of doing gardening.
D．To explain the beauty of studying biology.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示他和一位陌生年轻人之间的友谊是怎么开始的。故选B。
C
(2021·茂名一模)Screens during meals rob kids of opportunities to improve language and communication skills (storytelling, making jokes, etc.), as well as to develop patience and even imagination as they entertain themselves waiting for food to arrive.
Meals are an opportunity to connect, to learn more about and enjoy each other.They strengthen the bonds that will bring benefits to the rest of our lives.We squander that opportunity when we stick a screen in front of our kids during dinner.
Of course, we all want to have enjoyable family meals, which is why I love Bruce Feiller's book The Secrets of Happy Families, in which he devotes an entire chapter to ways to make them fun and meaningful for everyone—such as “fill in the blank” sentences you make up.Sharing something good and something challenging makes for pleasant conversations, too.And I've had fun playing Uno with my daughters until the food arrives in a restaurant.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (小儿科) also offers guidelines to help families manage children's screen time.The academy recommends avoiding digital media for children under 2, except for video chatting, and limiting screen time to just one hour a day of high quality programming for children aged 2 to 5.
Fundamentally, we all benefit from more human connection, not less—and that's especially true for children.Schools, airplane trips, most jobs, games, even “social” interaction were all once done without screens but now are filled with them.And while we have gained some advantages, including new connections, we have lost something fundamental, as well.
Less is always more when it comes to screens, even if they are effective at keeping kids quiet.But soon after complaining that they are “bored”， kids have a natural tendency to fill the screenless void (空虚) with creative games, art, exploration and conversation.There are no studies that warn against having too many hours of those activities.
Let's all work harder to keep family meals special by getting rid of the iPads and nourishing our personal connections as we nourish our bodies.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了用餐时看电子产品既对孩子的发展不利也让我们浪费了一个和孩子增进联系的机会，作者呼吁家庭用餐时不要使用屏幕(电子产品)。
8．What's the author's attitude to the kids' staring at screens during meals
A．Disapproving. B．Favorable.
C．Cautious. D．Unconcerned.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据第一段和第二段内容可知，用餐时看电子产品既对孩子的发展不利(影响孩子的语言和交流技能，让他们变得没有耐心和缺乏想象力)，而且还让我们浪费了一个和孩子增进联系的机会。由此可知，作者对孩子们吃饭时盯着屏幕看持反对态度，故选A。
9．What does the underlined word “squander” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Take. B．Waste.
C．Expect. D．Create.
B 解析：词义猜测题。画线词前说用餐是一个相互联系的机会，可以让我们和孩子更多地了解和享受在一起的时间，再根据画线词后的“when we stick a screen in front of our kids during dinner”可知，但是当我们在晚餐时把屏幕(电子产品)放在孩子面前时，我们就浪费了这个机会，由此可知画线词词义为“浪费”，故选B。
10．What will kids do if they have no access to screens
A．Keep quiet.
B．Refuse to eat.
C．Feel bored all the time.
D．Find ways to entertain themselves.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But soon after complaining that they are ‘bored’， kids have a natural tendency to fill the screenless void (空虚) with creative games, art, exploration and conversation.(但在抱怨自己‘无聊’之后不久，孩子们就自然而然地倾向于用创造性的游戏、艺术、探索和对话来填补无屏幕的空白)”可知，当没有屏幕(电子产品)时，孩子们会想办法自我娱乐，故选D。
11．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage
A．To introduce the iPads to the children.
B．To stress the importance of family meals.
C．To appeal for family meals without screens.
D．To teach parents how to punish their children.
C 解析：写作意图题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁家庭用餐时不要使用屏幕(电子产品)，故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·人大附中一模)Why do some people have many friends while others do not 1.________ However, it is not so.Let's look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy interpersonal relations.The first experiment is called the “Hawthorne effect” after Hawthorne, Illinois, where the experiment took place.A group of psychologists examined the work patterns of two groups of workers in the Western Electric Company.2.________ The psychologists changed the working conditions for one group twice but left the other group alone.They were surprised to find that productivity increased on both occasions and in both groups.They concluded that the increase in productivity came from the attention given to the workers by the management.It had increased their motivation and so they had worked harder.In other words, if you take an interest in others, they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.3.________ After Martin Luther King, Jr was killed in 1960s, a teacher, Jane Elliott, living in an all white town decided to help her class of young children understand why the Civil Rights Movement had been necessary in America.She divided the class into two groups: one with blue eyes and other with brown eyes.Other eye colors such as hazel or green were excluded from his exercise.Then she told the class that brown eyed people were cleverer than blue eyed ones because of an agent for brown color found in their blood.Blue eyed people were stupid, lazy and not to be trusted.Jane Elliott did not need to say any more.The brown eyed students quickly got used to their new role as the leaders of the class.The blue eyed students became quiet and withdrawn.Then she discovered something very interesting.Four poor brown eyed readers began to read fluently in a way they had never done before.4.________ So if you want to be successful and happy, take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates.Congratulate them on their success and sympathize with them in their troubles.5.________
A．Before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them.
B．Remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behavior to you.
C．The second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or ignore others.
D．The ones who have more friends usually are those who care about others.
E．Jane Elliott had shown that the way people are treated affects not only their behavior but also their confidence and their performance.
F．You may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.
G．The second experiment tells us what teachers said had a great effect on the students.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章中两个心理实验为我们揭开快乐的人际关系的关键。一组参与实验的人员被给予关注和鼓励，结果他们的生产积极性提高了；而另一组参与实验的人员没有得到关心，而且还说泄气的话给他们听，结果这批人很安静和颓废。
1．F 解析：根据下文“However, it is not so.(然而，事实并非如此)”可知选项与后文是转折关系。故F选项“你甚至可以想象这种能力是他们与生俱来的，因为它对他们来说似乎是毫不费力的。”切题。故选 F。
2．A 解析：根据上文“A group of psychologists examined the work patterns of two groups of workers in the Western Electric Company.(一组心理学家研究了西部电力公司两组工人的工作模式)”可知，A选项“在实验之前，管理人员与两组工人进行了交谈，并解释说想为他们找到最佳的工作环境。”承接上文且话题一致。故选A。
3．C 解析：根据上文“In other words, if you take an interest in others, they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.(换句话说，如果你对别人感兴趣，他们就会想要取悦你，你就会和他们有很好的关系)”可知，C选项“第二个实验表明，如果你粗鲁地对待或忽视他人，人际关系会发生什么变化。”承接上文说明第二个实验结果。故选C。
4．E 解析：根据上文“Then she discovered something very interesting.Four poor brown eyed readers began to read fluently in a way they had never done before.(然后她发现了一件非常有趣的事情。四个可怜的棕色眼睛的读者开始以一种他们从未有过的方式流利地阅读)”可知，E选项“简 · 艾略特证明了人们被对待的方式不仅影响他们的行为，还影响他们的自信和表现。”是对上面试验的总结。故选E。
5．B 解析：根据上文“So if you want to be successful and happy, take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates.Congratulate them on their success and sympathize with them in their troubles.(所以，如果你想要成功和快乐，对别人感兴趣，不管他们是你的同学还是同事。 祝贺他们的成功，同情他们的困难)”可知，B选项“记住，你对待他人的方式将决定他们对你的态度和行为。”是对该段的主旨大意的总结。故选B。
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