(共146张PPT)
英语
第一部分 基础考点聚焦
选择性必修第二册
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
01
语基夯实 课前闯关
02
创意课堂 多维突破
04
课后达标 知能提升
03
高效演练 素养提能
clinic
twin
mankind
specialist
altogether
nobly
devotion
outbreak
statistics
vital
rewarding
assist
assistant
assistance
division
divide
influential
influence
infectious
infect
infection
realistic
reality
realise
harmonious
harmony
civil
civilian
harmony
harmonious
influencing
influence
influential
reality
realised
realistic
assistant
assists
assistance
bring forth
in vain
regardless of
put sb. at risk
give up on
be caught up in
not to mention
in memory of
at a great cost
step by step
be engaged in
in vain
bring forth
regardless of
in memory of
was engaged in
not to mention
for what I'm good at
exceeding the expected number of 12，000
It's up to her to decide
with
assistance
making
assist us to learn more about England and western culture
understanding
to obey
it's vital that you should mind your table manners
was rewarded
rewarding
in reward for your generous help
as a reward for your generous help
to reward you for your generous help
into
division
into
in
between/among
21 divided by 3 equals 7
up
about
forth
brought out a handful of sample wheat
bring down the high prices of daily goods
on
is influenced
influential
to take
had an influence on
influenced
had an effect on
breaking
to be told
feeling
It
has been kept
seeing
must be up to something
be equal to
be fit for
be qualified for
be adequate to
adj.宽慰的
n．奴隶
v.逐步增加
v.投票
adv.总体上说
A
B
C
C
A
B
A
B
E
B
F
C
D
A
full of devotion
opened a clinic to provide assistance
been engaged in dealing with patients
relieve other people's pain
Regardless of the weather
contact with psychological specialists to tackle the psychological problems
not to mention being filial to them
brings forth misunderstanding
build a harmonious family
Upon/On hearing the news
extremely
Upon/On hearing the news
her eyes shone/glowed with excitement
Upon/On hearing the news
her heart raced with excitement
harmonious
realistic
infectious
influence
division
assistance
devoted
specialist
twins
assistance
harmonious
rewarding
Infectious
realistic
specialist
divided
nobly
in
on/upon
It
what
devoted
in
Divided
has saved
under the influence of his friend
It is up to him to tackle the problem
resulting in serious traffic confusion in
the whole area
What is vital is that
assisted him to borrow/in borrowing the book
With the assistance of the librarian
B．In a very real sense, music connects us with our inner selves.
G．Moreover, those who like studying with background music have found a lot of benefits.
F．There are a few factors that determine the effects of music on studying.
E．Fast music raises the heartbeat, making one unable to focus on study.
C．They compete with the same brain regions that process language.Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。
□1.boundary n． □2.tackle v． □3.endure v.
□4.comrade n. □5.tragic adj. □6.combat v.
□7.disinfect v. □8.communist adj. □9.miracle n.
□10.ward n. □11.cast v. □12.joint adj.
□13.mount v. □14.slave n. □15.relieve v.
□16.liberty n. □17.union n．,
[自主核对区]
1．分界线；边界 2.处理，对付(难题) 3.持续存在 4.同志；朋友 5.悲惨的，不幸的 6.防止，抑制 7.为……消毒，给……杀菌 8.共产主义的 9.意外的幸运事；奇迹 10.病房 11.选派(角色) 12.联合的，共同的 13.走上，登上 14.奴隶 15.给(某人)换班 16.自由 17.联邦
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
[辨词义·写词形]
1．clinic n． 诊所；门诊部
2．twin adj. 双胞胎的
3．mankind n. 人类
4．specialist n. 专家
5．altogether adv. 完全
6．nobly adv. 高尚地；崇高地
7．devotion n. 关爱；奉献；热心
[入语境·重活用]
1．(2020·江苏卷)The outbreak(爆发) of COVID 19 has meant an abrupt change in our life and work.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics(数据) from the report.
3．(2019·天津卷)Understanding history is vital(重要的) to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.
4．(2018·北京卷)Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out to be extremely rewarding(值得的)．
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．assist v．协助，帮助，援助→assistant n．助手，助理；售货员 adj.辅助的；助理的；有帮助的→assistance n．协助，援助；辅助设备
2．division n．分歧，分裂；分割，划分，分配；分界线→divide vt.划分；分开
3．influential adj.有影响力的→influence v．影响 n．影响；有影响的人(或事物)
4．infectious adj.传染性的→infect v．传染，感染→infection n．传染；传染病
5．realistic adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的；现实的；逼真的→reality n．现实，事实→realise vt.实现；意识到
6．harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；和谐的；协调的→harmony n．和谐，协调，融洽
7．civil adj.公民的，国民的→civilian adj.平民的，百姓的 n．平民，老百姓
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．People's life here is full of harmony and at the same time, humans and nature make a harmonious picture.(harmony)
2．She is very good at making friends and influencing people, so she has a great influence on me and I like this influential girl.(influence)
3．In reality,_I have realised that I must stop daydreaming and be realistic．(realise)
4．Tom is an assistant teacher in the college. He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need.(assist)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．bring_forth 使产生，使出现
2._in_vain 白白地
3．regardless_of 不管，不顾
4．put_sb._at_risk 使某人处于危险中
5．give_up_on 对……不再抱希望
6．be_caught_up_in 被牵扯进，被卷入
7．not_to_mention 更不用提
8．in_memory_of 为了纪念
9．at_a_great_cost 付出巨大代价
10．step_by_step 逐步地
11．be_engaged_in 从事；忙于
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．The prisoner escaped through a hole in the wall last night, but in_vain．
2．Our friend will bring_forth this question at the meeting.
3．(江苏卷)In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless_of time and space.
4．We will build a monument in_memory_of those who sacrificed their lives for our country.
5. She was_engaged_in charity and became a famous person at home and abroad.
6．For other countries, the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on, not_to_mention the better communication among those countries.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.以“ ic”结尾的形容词＋“ally”构成副词①tragic adj.悲惨的→tragically adv.悲惨地②historic adj.历史性的→historically adv.历史地③electric adj.电动的→electrically adv.用电地④scientific adj.科学的→scientifically adv.科学地⑤energetic adj.精力充沛的→energetically adv.有活力地 2.以“ ious”结尾的形容词①harmony n．和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的②ambition n．野心→ambitious adj.有野心的③anxiety n．焦虑→anxious adj.忧虑的④curiosity n．好奇心→curious adj.好奇的 3.以“ ial”结尾的形容词①influential 有影响的②beneficial 有益的③commercial 商业的④facial 面部的⑤financial 金融的⑥social 社会的⑦official 官方的⑧special 特别的
(三)重点句型仿写熟记公式，练原句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
It assists people based on need, regardless of which country they are from.它根据需要帮助人们，不管他们来自哪个国家。 介词＋宾语从句 1.(2020·天津卷7月)因为我擅长的东西而被接受真是太好了。It was so good to feel accepted for_what_I'm_good_at.
续 表
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Channels of communication，such as the mobile phone and the Internet, have made it possible to speak instantly with someone on the other side of the planet，enabling us to form close connections with people of completely different cultures. 通过手机和互联网等交流渠道，我们可以与地球另一端的人即时交谈，从而使我们能够与文化背景完全不同的人建立密切联系。 现在分词短语作结果状语 2.(2018·江苏卷)在这期间，大约13 500个新的工作被创造，超过市场分析师坚持的12 000个的预期数量。 Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period, exceeding_the_expected_number_of_12，000 held by market analysts.
Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South，but the boundaries between black and white，and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.现在，活着的人不仅要消除南北之间的隔阂，而且要消除黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步地努力实现人类的平等。 “It is up to sb. to do...”意为“由某人决定做……” 3.是否继续上这一门课程由她决定。It's_up_to_her_to_decide whether or not to go on with the course.
assist v．协助，帮助，援助
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us with the group's work.
②With the assistance(assist) of his teacher, he gradually adjusted to the school life.
③Here are some good sources of information to assist you in making(make) the best selection.
[再写美]——微写作
④我希望你能帮助我们更多地了解英国和西方文化，这能增进我们的理解并有助于我们建立良好的关系。
I hope you can assist_us_to_learn_more_about_England_and_western_culture,_which can increase our understanding and help build good relationships between us.
(1)assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
(2)assistance n. 帮助；协助
with the assistance/help of 在……的帮助下
(3)assistant n. 助手，助理；售货员
[佳句背诵] To assist the students in learning Chinese better，our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.
为了帮助学生更好地学习汉语，我们学校决定给你们的汉语班捐赠一些图书。
vital adj.极其重要的；生气勃勃的；必不可少的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)Understanding history is vital to understanding_(understand) ourselves as a people and as a nation.
②What's more, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to_obey(obey) traffic rules.
[再写美]——微写作
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。
Besides, it's_vital_that_you_should_mind_your_table_manners in China when you attend a dinner party.
be vital for/to... 对……极为重要
be of vital importance to... 对……至关重要
It is vital that sb. (should) do sth.
对某人来说，做某事是极重要的。
[佳句背诵] If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, it's vital that we should begin with small things.
如果我们想在环境保护方面有所作为，重要的一点是我们应该从小事做起。
[名师点津] It is necessary/vital/important that...(should) do sth.，should 可以省略。
rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的；有益的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded(reward) with a beautiful view.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Every one of us considered the picking both meaningful and rewarding(reward)．
[再写美]——一句多译
我非常乐意带你游玩北京以报答你的慷慨相助。
③I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing in_reward_for_your_generous_help．(reward n．)
④I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing as_a_reward_for_your_generous_help．(reward n．)
⑤I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing to_reward_you_for_your_generous_help．(reward vt.)
(1)reward v． 酬谢；奖励，奖赏
n. 奖金；回报；报酬
reward sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人
reward sb.with sth. 用某物奖赏/回报 某人
(2)in reward for... 为奖赏……；为报答……
as a reward for... 作为对……的奖赏/回报
[佳句背诵] You are bound to have an unforgettable and rewarding experience in China.
在中国，你一定会有一次难忘且有收获的经历。(2018·北京卷书面表达)
division n．分歧，分裂；分割，划分，分配；分界线
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①When you go to the library, you will find all of the books are divided into different categories.
②Many parents opposed the division(divide) of the classes into different sets.
③Divide the cake into halves/in half and then give them to the two people.
④We worked together and divided the work between/among us.
[再写美]——句式升级
⑤(普通表达)If you divide 21 by 3，you will get 7.
(高级表达)21_divided_by_3_equals_7.(过去分词作定语)
divide vt. 划分；分开
be divided into 被分开；被 (划)分成……
divide...between/among... 在……之间分配……
divide...by... ……除以……
[名师点津] 表示把某物分成几部分，可与in和into连用，其区别是：若divide后面只有数词(即数词后没有名词)，则可用in或into；若divide后的数词后接有名词，则通常只能用into。如：Divide the apple in/into four(into four parts)．
bring forth 使产生，使出现；提出
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
②The test can strengthen the health awareness, but it is likely to bring about over anxiety.
③He encouraged his students to constantly bring forth new ideas in painting and to obtain even better results.
[再写美]——微写作
④把手伸进袋子里，拿出一把小麦样品。
He dipped into the bag and brought_out_a_handful_of_sample_wheat．
⑤政府已采取措施降低日用品的高价格，以保持市场稳定。
The government has taken measures to bring_down_the_high_prices_of_daily_goods to keep the market stable.
bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
bring about 引起；造成
bring down 让降下来，使倒下
bring in 引进；收入；领……进来
bring out 出版；拿出，揭露
[佳句背诵] On (the) one hand, computers improve the working efficiency；on the other hand，they also bring about some new problems.
一方面，计算机提高了工作效率；另一方面，它们也带来了一些新的问题。
influential adj.有影响力的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·新高考山东卷)To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.
②The growth of these vegetables is_influenced(influence) by seasonal variations.
③She is one of the most influential(influence) figures in local politics.
④What influenced you to_take(take) up nursing
[再写美]——一句多译
梵·高影响了现代绘画的发展。
⑤Van Gogh had_an_influence_on the development of modern painting.(influence n．)
⑥Van Gogh influenced the development of modern painting.(influence v．)
⑦Van Gogh had_an_effect_on the development of modern painting.(effect n．)
influence v． 影响
n. 影响；有影响的人(或事物)
influence sb. to do... 影响某人做……
be influenced by... 受……的影响
have an influence on/upon... 对……起作用/有影响
under the influence of... 在……的影响下
under one's influence 在某人的影响下
[佳句背诵] It was under his influence that I began to show an interest in learning English.
正是在他的影响下我开始对学习英语感兴趣。
现在分词短语作结果状语
(教材原句)Channels of communication，such as the mobile phone and the Internet, have made it possible to speak instantly with someone on the other side of the planet, enabling us to form close connections with people of completely different cultures.
通过手机和互联网等交流渠道，我们可以与地球另一端的人即时交谈，从而使我们能够与文化背景完全不同的人建立密切联系。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①She threw the toy on the ground, breaking(break) it into pieces.
②They reached the company out of breath, only to_be_told(tell) they were fired.
③He went out of the room with few clothes on, only feeling(feel) rather cold.
(1)现在分词短语作结果状语常表示意料或情理之中的结果，其逻辑主语常常是整个主句。
(2)不定式短语作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果，不定式短语前常加only。
[佳句背诵] (1)Some students spend too much time on QQ and WeChat, making their teachers and parents worried.
一些学生在QQ和微信上花了太多时间，让他们的老师和家长很担心。
(2)Nature has provided Shangri La with endless natural treasures, making the land a happy home for the local people.
大自然为香格里拉提供了无数的自然宝藏，使得这片土地成为当地人民的幸福家园。
“It is up to sb. to do...”意为“由某人决定做……”
(教材原句)Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
现在，活着的人不仅要消除南北之间的隔阂，而且要消除黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步地努力实现人类的平等。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①—What shall we do tonight then
—It is up to you—whatever you want.
②This is the only one of the oldest customs that has_been_kept(keep) in this district up to now.
③He's not really up to seeing(see) any visitors.
[再写美]——微写作
④这个调皮的小男孩现在很安静，他一定在搞什么名堂。
The naughty boy is quiet now and he must_be_up_to_something．
(1)up to 多达……
(2)be up to (doing) sth. 正在(做)某事；从事于……；胜任……
(3)up to now 到目前为止(一般与现在完成时连用)
[佳句背诵] Who do the passengers on board think it is up to to make a final decision about such a matter
在船上的乘客认为应该由谁来对这样一个重大事件做出最终的决定呢？
[联想发散] 表达“胜任”的短语还有：
①be_equal_to；②be_fit_for；③be_qualified_for；④be_adequate_to
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2020·天津卷7月)I'm relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think. adj.宽慰的
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The story starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn, who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim, a former slave, on a raft on the Mississippi River. n．奴隶
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．Pressure is mounting on the government to change the law.v.逐步增加
2．(江苏卷)People not only cast on line votes themselves，but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”．v.投票
3．Altogether, it was a delightful town garden, peaceful and secluded.adv.总体上说
Ⅲ.一词多义
1. 根据语境选出tackle的词性及含义
A．v.应付， 处理 B．v.与某人交涉；向某人提起
C．v.抓获；擒获
(1)The first reason to tackle these problems is to save children's lives.__A__
(2)I tackled him about the money he owed me.__B__
(3)He tackled a masked intruder at his home the day before yesterday.__C__
2. 根据语境选出altogether的词性及含义
A．adv.完全， 全部 B．adv.总共， 一共 C．adv.总之；总而言之
(1)The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.__C__
(2)The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether.__A__
(3)There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, of which five are mine.__B__
3. 根据语境选出devote的词性及含义
(1)He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation.__A__
(2)He devoted a major section of his massive report to an analysis of U．S. aircraft design.__B__
4. 根据语境选出division的词性及含义
A．n.分开；分隔 B．n.除法 C．n.分歧；不和
D．n.部门 E．n.分界线 F．n.分配
(1)A hedge(树篱) forms the division between their land and ours.__E__
(2)I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.__B__
(3)The current division of labour between workers and management will alter.__F__
(4)There are deep divisions in the team over the plan.__C__
(5)I received an MVP award from my division for the extra efforts I put into one of our customer relationships.__D__
(6)In this study, the division of the population into age groups is reasonable.__A__
提能训练二 话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)
1．补全要点句
①大学毕业后，我满怀挚爱，在社区开了一家诊所，为群众提供帮助。(devotion, clinic, assistance)
After graduation from university, I was full_of_devotion and opened_a_clinic_to_provide_assistance to the community.
②我整天忙于和病人打交道，一直走在减轻别人的痛苦的路上。(be engaged in, relieve)
I've been_engaged_in_dealing_with_patients all day, and I've been on the way to relieve_other_people's_pain．
③不管天气如何，只要病人有需要，我就及时出现在他们身边，这让我赢得了大家的尊重。(regardless of)
Regardless_of_the_weather,_as long as the patients need me, I will be there in time. That makes me win the respect of everyone.
④为了更好地为病人服务，我还经常与心理(psychological)专家联系，解决患者的心理问题。(specialist, tackle)
In order to better serve the patients, I often contact_with_psychological_specialists_to_tackle_the_psychological_problems of patients.
⑤由于忙于工作，我忽略了父母，更别提孝顺(be filial to)他们了，这有时会引起误解。(not to mention, bring forth)
Because I am busy with my work, I neglect my parents, not_to_mention_being_filial_to_them,_which sometimes brings_forth_misunderstanding．
⑥今后我将尽力平衡两者之间的关系，为建立一个和谐的家庭而努力。(harmonious)
In the future, I will try my best to balance the relationship between the two and strive to build_a_harmonious_family．
2．升级平淡句
⑦将句①改为含有形容词短语作状语的句子
After_graduation_from_university,_full_of_devotion,_I_opened_a_clinic_to_provide_assistance_to_the_community.
⑧将句③改为含有定语从句的复合句
Regardless_of_the_weather,_as_long_as_the_patients_need_me,_I_will_be_there_in_time,_which_makes_me_win_the_respect_of_everyone.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：since then, however)
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One possible version：
After graduation from university, full of devotion, I opened a clinic to provide assistance to the community. Since then, I've been engaged in dealing with patients all day, and I've been on the way to relieve other people's pain. Regardless of the weather, as long as the patients need me, I will be there in time, which makes me win the respect of everyone. In order to better serve the patients, I often contact with psychological specialists to tackle the psychological problems of patients. However, because I am busy with my work, I neglect my parents, not to mention being filial to them, which sometimes brings forth misunderstanding. In the future, I will try my best to balance the relationship between the two and strive to build a harmonious family.
提能训练三 读后续写28——用形容词和副词增加细节描述
Ⅰ.翻译实践(表示兴奋)
→普遍表达：当她听到她获奖时，她兴奋极了。
When she heard that she won the prize, she felt thrilled/excited.
→概括描述：用 “upon/on doing”及适当的副词修饰形容词
Upon/On_hearing_the_news that she won the prize, she felt extremely thrilled/excited.
→细节描述：增加兴奋的表现＋句型
兴奋的表现：眼放光、心跳加速等
句型： with＋抽象名词作状语
一听到她得奖的消息，她的眼睛因兴奋而闪闪发光。
Upon/On_hearing_the_news that she won the prize, her_eyes_shone/glowed_with_excitement．
一听到她得奖的消息，她因兴奋而心跳加速。
Upon/On_hearing_the_news that she won the prize, her_heart_raced_with_excitement．
Ⅱ .迷你语料库[修辞(figure of speech)——暗喻(metaphor)]
1．Life is an unexplored river, full of twists and turns, great beauty and dangerous surprises.
2．He is a lying demon! A monster, not a man!
3．The old man's face is a map of time.
4．My heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill.
5．He doesn't have an idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say.
6．A heavy silence blanketed the room.
7．Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.
A卷——小题夯基练
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Frequent quarrels between my parents are nearly driving me crazy. If only I had a warm and harmonious(和谐的) family!
2．Our income has got smaller, so we must be realistic(现实的) and sell our car.
3．The primary task in the disaster area is to prevent the outbreak of infectious(传染的) diseases as well as providing water and food.
4．What exactly is the influence(影响) of television on children
5．There can be no doubt that division(分工) of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.
6．I can't repair the computer myself, so we need to get some professional assistance(帮助)．
7．Qian Xuesen, who is regarded as China's father of space technology, devoted(致力于) himself to China's space activities.
8．He made considerable achievements and became a famous specialist(专家)．
9．The twins(双胞胎) resemble closely in appearance, but are totally different in character.
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．To begin with, I'd like to take this opportunity to extend my heart felt appreciation to the kind assistance(assist) you have offered me during my stay in Canada.
2．For us，the top priority is to build a well being and harmonious(harmony) community.
3．When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)．
4．Infectious(infect) diseases are spreading among many of the flood victims.
5．Make sure that your goals are realistic(real) and do not try for the impossible.
6．As an educational specialist(special), his grandmother is always invited to give lectures around the country.
7．The difficult sentence is divided(divide) into three parts.
8．The point is, not how long you live, but how nobly(noble) you live.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people are in the minority.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Both my parents had a great influence on/upon my choice of work. Instead of trying to pick out a job for me, they helped me learn those things that led me to it.
3．It is vital that we should carry out the mature ideas immediately.
4．My dream is to get legal status in this country, regardless of what_people say.
5．All her time devoted(devote) to doing the experiment，she had no time to ponder that question.
6．It's unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.
7．Divided(divide) into four groups, the students in the class put on the costumes and performed.
8．Up to now, organ donation has_saved(save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．他在朋友罗伯特·弗罗斯特的影响下开始写诗。
He begins writing poetry under_the_influence_of_his_friend,_Robert Frost.
2．由他来处理会上提出的问题。
It_is_up_to_him_to_tackle_the_problem put forward at the meeting.
3．The snow lasted a week. It resulted in serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
→The snow lasted a week, resulting_in_serious_traffic_confusion_in_the_whole_area．(现在分词短语作状语)
4．It is vital that we should learn something from failure.
→What_is_vital_is_that we should learn something from failure.(what引导主语从句)
5．这位图书馆管理员帮他借到了他渴望的那本书。
(1)The librarian assisted_him_to_borrow/in_borrowing_the_book he was dreaming of.(assist)
(2)With_the_assistance_of_the_librarian,_he borrowed the book he was dreaming of.(assistance)
B卷——大题提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·北京朝阳区一模)A woman who illegally entered Yellowstone National Park on May 12th has suffered burns after accidentally falling into a thermal feature (热景观) near its Old Faithful Geyser, officials said. The park has been closed to all visitors since March 24th due to safety precautions amid the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒流行病)．“Water in hot springs can cause severe or fatal burns, and hot water underlies most of the thin, breakable surface around hot springs，” the park advises on its website. “Hot springs have injured or killed more people in Yellowstone than any other natural feature.”The woman, who is yet to be identified, was backing up while taking photos near the famous tourist attraction and fell into a hot spring or hole where hot gases emerge, according to park spokeswoman Linda Veress. Even with her injuries, she managed to hop back in her vehicle and drive about 50 miles until park guards stopped her. She was then sent to a burn center at a hospital in Idaho.
Visitors are advised to stay on the boardwalks near Yellowstone's often boiling or acidic thermal features, which include geysers (间歇泉), hot springs, steam vents, and mud pots. This year, two tourists were sentenced to 10 days in prison for trespassing at the hot spring last September after they were caught walking “dangerously close” to the spout of the legendary geyser without permission and taking photos on their cellphones.
“Thermal area safety is an extremely important part of any trip to Yellowstone. We ask visitors to take the Yellowstone Promise before coming to the park and to read the park visitor guide for more information on safety, rules, and regulations，” a spokesperson said following the incident last year. At times, tourists have taken risks off the designated walkways before being injured or killed. Last fall, a man who was walking off a boardwalk near Old Faithful at night fell into a hot spring, suffering serious burns. Back in June, a 23 year old Oregon resident fell into a superheated, acidic mud pot and died. His remains couldn't be recovered.
Yellowstone is announcing plans for a phased reopening on May 13. The incident remains under investigation, Veress said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一名女子非法进入黄石国家公园，落入温泉被烧伤的事件。
1．What is TRUE about the woman mentioned in paragraph 1
A．We don't know who she is.
B．She's good at taking photos.
C．She drove to hospital after being injured.
D．She died in Yellowstone National Park on Tuesday.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The woman, who is yet to be identified, was backing up while taking photos near the famous tourist attraction and fell into a hot spring or hole where hot gases emerge, according to park spokeswoman Linda Veress.(据公园发言人琳达·维里斯说，这名身份尚未得到确认的女子当时正在著名的旅游景点附近倒着走拍照，结果掉进了一个冒出热气的温泉或洞穴。)”可知，关于第一段提到的那个女人，我们不知道她是谁。故选A。
2．What does the underlined word “trespassing” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Damaging.
B．Taking photos.
C．Entering without permission.
D．Drinking water from hot spring.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Visitors are advised to stay on the boardwalks...(游客们被建议待在黄石公园附近的木板路上……)”和“they were caught walking ‘dangerously close’ to the spout of the legendary geyser without permission and taking photos on their cellphones(他们被发现，在未经许可的情况下危险地走近传说中的间歇泉的喷口并且用手机拍照)”可知，走近间歇泉是不被允许的，会被惩罚，可以推断两名游客被判处入狱10天是因为侵入温泉，故“trespassing”是指“未经许可而进入”。故选C。
3．What should you do when visiting Yellowstone National Park
A．Have a camera and take photos.
B．Don't go to hot spring areas.
C．Follow visitor guide and be careful.
D．Don't take the walkways.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We ask visitors to take the Yellowstone Promise before coming to the park and to read the park visitor guide for more information on safety, rules, and regulations(我们要求游客在来公园之前遵守黄石承诺，并阅读公园游客指南，获取更多关于安全、规则和规定的信息)”可知，当我们参观黄石国家公园时，要遵循游客指南，要小心谨慎。故选C。
4．What can we learn about Yellowstone National Park
A．Visitors get injured or killed by hot spring the most.
B．It's dangerous for visitors to take photos in the park.
C．Yellowstone National Park is the most famous one in the US.
D．Visitors will be allowed to enter the park at the end of the year.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hot springs have injured or killed more people in Yellowstone than any other natural feature.(黄石公园里温泉造成的伤亡人数比其他任何自然景观都要多。)”可知，在黄石国家公园中，游客因温泉受伤或死亡的人数最多。故选A。
B
(2021·泉州一中质检)“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I'll do it.”
I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end of season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，并且这位家长后来成为这个团队中有力的帮手，同时作者在参与志愿者活动过程中也获得了很多快乐。
5．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1
A．She knows little about the club.
B．She isn't good at sports.
C．She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D．She's unable to meet her schedule.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选，也就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。故选C。
6．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Encourage teamwork.
B．Appeal to feelings.
C．Promote good deeds.
D．Provide advice.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句“She may just need a little persuading.”和后一句“I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on...”可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故画线词在此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。
7．What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3
A．She gets interested in lacrosse.
B．She is proud of her kids.
C．She'll work for another season.
D．She becomes a good helper.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长做出的贡献及“the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team”可知，她最终成了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也就是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。
8．Why does the author like doing volunteer work
A．It gives her a sense of duty.
B．It makes her very happy.
C．It enables her to work hard.
D．It brings her material rewards.
B 解析：细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四段中的“Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐，参加志愿者活动能让作者感觉快乐。故选B。
C
(2021·新高考八省联考模考)The average bear, it seems, is getting ever smarter. First, it turned out that at least one can use a comb. Now it appears that some can count, too.
Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots (点) on a computer screen. In return for a food reward one bear, Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose. The others, Bella and Dusty, would touch the screen with their claws (爪子)．
As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area. This could be explained by the bears' distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots. However, the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.
Moving patterns, where each dot followed its own path around the screen, were more of a challenge. But Brutus, at least, was not defeated. He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.
It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food. They are, however, always alone, and so do not have the complex social systems that contribute to animal smarts. Perhaps, then, their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些新的发现，证明了熊是一种高智商动物。
9．What task did the scientists set for the three bears
A．Distinguishing different dot patterns.
B．Figuring out different colours of dots.
C．Putting the dots into differently coloured groups.
D．Picking out the group with a larger number of dots.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，科学家们给这三只熊安排的任务是区分不同的点的模式。故选A。
10．For the bears, the task was easier when ________．
A．the coloured dots were moving slowly
B．the dot patterns were regular in shape
C．the dots followed a path on the screen
D．more dots covered a larger coloured area
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D。
11．What may explain the bears' high degree of intelligence
A．They learn skills from other animals.
B．They face life challenges on their own.
C．They feed on a diverse range of food.
D．They have complex social networks.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，熊的智商高可能是因为它们独自面对生活的挑战。故选B。
12．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Bears Taught to Distinguish Colours
B．New Evidence of Bear Intelligence Found
C．Three Bears Learned How to Count
D．The Smartest American Black Bear
B 解析：标题归纳题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高智商动物提供了证据，所以文章标题应该是“发现了证明熊的智力的新证据”。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·南昌二中模拟)Music is an art form which deals with the representation of emotion through the medium of sound. It can have a physical effect on us because it is closely linked with emotion, perhaps even more than the abstract nature of words. The number one reason why people listen to music is to adjust their emotional state. 1.________
Numerous studies leave us in no doubt that music can affect our mood state and stress level. 2.________ For example, they have found that background music shuts out distractions. It calms them before a large task and then they can stay focused for longer. Also it can help their creativity and make studying more enjoyable.
3．________ Firstly, it depends on what the task is. The more difficult the challenge is, the more likely background music will interrupt the learning process. For less challenging learning tasks, music can greatly assist in providing a positive learning state. Secondly, it depends on the characteristics of the music we'll come to in a moment. And thirdly, extroverts (性格外向者) enjoy and often require more external stimulation (刺激) and are likely to handle background noise better than those who are quiet and shy.
Actually, it's not about the type of music, but the natural musical characteristics which aid or disrupt study. One of these characteristics is the tempo (拍子). The recommended tempo for background music is in the range 70－110 beats per minute, slightly faster than the heartbeat at rest. 4.________ And very slow music lowers the heartbeat, creating a state that might be too relaxed for study purposes.
In addition, lyrics (歌词) are the most distracting aspect of background musical listening. 5.________ More particularly, studies have found that the most distracting background is fast and familiar vocal music, chosen and liked by the listener.
A．Music is part of every culture in the world.
B．In a very real sense, music connects us with our inner selves.
C．They compete with the same brain regions that process language.
D．Music, like language, is a unique human form of communication.
E．Fast music raises the heartbeat, making one unable to focus on study.
F．There are a few factors that determine the effects of music on studying.
G．Moreover, those who like studying with background music have found a lot of benefits.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐是一种通过声音来表现情感的艺术形式及音乐对学习产生影响的几个因素。
1．B 解析：根据上文“It can have a physical effect on us because it is closely linked with emotion, perhaps even more than the abstract nature of words. The number one reason why people listen to music is to adjust their emotional state.”可知，音乐可以与人的情感紧密相连，那么音乐也能将人与自己的内心联系在一起。本句承接上文说明音乐将人们与自己的内心联系在一起。故B选项“在一个非常真实的意义上，音乐把我们和我们的内心联系在一起。”符合上下文语境，故选B。
2．G 解析：根据下文“For example, they have found that background music shuts out distractions.”可知，此处是在说明用背景音乐的好处。故G选项“此外，那些喜欢用背景音乐学习的人也发现了很多好处。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
3．F 解析：根据下文“Firstly, it depends on what the task is. The more difficult the challenge is, the more likely background music will interrupt the learning process. For less challenging learning tasks, music can greatly assist in providing a positive learning state.”可知，此处是在介绍音乐对学习产生影响的因素。故F选项“有几个因素决定了音乐对学习的影响。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
4．E 解析：根据上文“The recommended tempo for background music is in the range 70－110 beats per minute, slightly faster than the heartbeat at rest.”以及下文“And very slow music lowers the heartbeat, creating a state that might be too relaxed for study purposes.”可知，此处是在分别说明快节奏音乐和慢节奏音乐对人们学习的影响。故E选项“快节奏的音乐使心跳加快，使人无法集中精力学习。”符合上下文语境，故选E。
5．C 解析：根据上文“In addition, lyrics(歌词) are the most distracting aspect of background musical listening.”可知，此处承接上文继续说明背景音乐中的歌词让人们分心的不良影响，上文中“lyrics”可对应到C选项中“They”。故C选项“它们与处理语言的大脑区域竞争。”符合上下文语境，故选C。
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