(共183张PPT)
英语
第一部分 基础考点聚焦
必修第二册
Unit 6 Earth first
01
语基夯实 课前闯关
02
创意课堂 多维突破
04
课后达标 知能提升
03
高效演练 素养提能
ocean
supply
adopt
amount
average
hunting
flood
target
severe
affect
electricity
damage
attitude
permission
Fortunately
lectures
scare
scared
scary
extinction
extinct
devote
devoted
devotion
establish
established
establishment
reduce
reduction
infection
infect
infectious
contribute
contribution
majority
major
majority
minority
remove
removal
urge
urgency
urgent
contributions
urgently
scary
scared
devoted
devoted
devotion
major
majority
major
due to
take...into account
in fear
cut off
rather than
by mistake
aim at...
take steps
mistake...for...
up to
call on
up to
rather than
due to
mistook
for
aimed at
take steps
cut off
Worried about my health
was having dinner
when
The older
the more
twice as many cars as
away/off
scared
scared
scary
Scared of the fierce dog
to start
for
due to
due to their wrong investment
improving
devoted
devotion
devotes herself to teaching
Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children
Devoted to teaching the deaf children
affects
Affected
will affect our own judgment
Affected by his story
moved
touched
affected
supplied
in
a
supply me with
supply
to me
to reduce
by
to
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress
was reduced to begging
decrease
increase/rise
majority
are
major in
the majority of
was spent
were
has declined
cheating
amount to
in large amounts
for
on
take my suggestion into account/consideration
导致
投稿
winning
making great contributions to spreading Chinese culture
adj.平均的
n.平均数
adj.普通的
v.平均为
above (the) average
Surprised
relaxed
Luckily
Too worried and helpless
faster
what
twice bigger than
three times as big as
three times the size of
v .发布
v .强调
n.活动
n.装置；设备
v.使陷入某种状态
adj.普通的
n.替补队员,后备队员
v .(疾病)侵袭
n.必需品
E
C
D
B
A
A
B
C
D
A
C
B
C
D
B
A
Due to industrial development, greenhouse gas
are twice more than that
greenhouse gas release
carbon dioxide
flood disaster
contributes to
a large amount of land
up to ten kinds of natural disasters
drought and sandstorm
severe natural disasters will affect the survival of human beings
cause extinction
calling on all countries
take steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,
solar energy
establish a harmonious world
Global warming causes flood disaster, contributing to sea level rising and flooding a large amount of land.
Global warming not only causes flood disaster, contributing to sea level rising and flooding a large amount of land but also causes up to ten kinds of natural disasters, such as drought and sandstorm.
Suddenly
As he got closer
One more look
got hold of
Two good bursts
emergency
coming from
Approaching
stay still
in case
majority
establishing
extinction
electricity
severely
target
flood
amount
supplies
scaring
devotion
permission
extinction
infections
urgent
into
for
to
on
by
teaching
affected
to
on average
Unable to afford the time
on no account should they use
What scares me
I was scared that
three times as big as
twice bigger than
three times the size of
E．In fact, there are many with low IQ scores that are intelligent.
B．Specifically, this is emotional intelligence.
A．All of life is communicatory.
D．Stubbornness is a barrier
towards communication.
G．So there is academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly intelligence.
C．accident
D．income
A.similar
D．thought
B．acquire
C．Instead
A.picked up
B．comfort
C．orders
D．cut
A.example
B．ahead of
D．business
A.exceptional
D．caring about
which
covered
to seek
wolves
are listed
less
the
Thankfully
from
areUnit 6 Earth first
[学生用书P85])
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂_________________________________________________
默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。
1.shark n． 2.dive v. 3.highlight v.
4.cruelty n. 5.campaign n. 6.presentation n.
7.reserve n. 8.staff n. 9.canteen n.
10.mode n. 11.drought n. 12.restore v.
13.carbon n. 14.greenhouse n. 15.device n.
16.brochure n. 17.solar adj. 18.release v.
19.smog n. 20.slide n. 21.false adj.
[自主核对区]
1．鲨鱼 2.潜水 3.使……突出；使注意力集中于 4.残忍，残暴，残酷 5.运动；活动 6.报告；陈述；说明 7.保护区 8.员工 9.食堂，餐厅 10.运行方式；状态；模式 11.旱灾，干旱 12.使恢复 13.碳 14.温室，暖房 15.设备，仪器，装置 16.小册子 17.利用太阳光(能)的 18.释放，排放 19.烟雾，雾霾 20.幻灯片 21.不正确的，错误的
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通__________________________________________________
[辨词义·写词形]
1．ocean n. 海洋，大海
2．supply n. 煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
3．adopt v. 采取
4．amount n. 数量，数额
5．average adj. 平均的
6．hunting n. 打猎，狩猎
7．flood n. 洪水，水灾
8．target n. 目标
v. 把……作为目标
9．severe adj. 很严重的
10．affect v. 影响
11．electricity n. 电
[入语境·重活用]
1．(2020·新高考山东卷)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage(破坏) it caused had driven away a number of birds.
2．(2020·江苏卷)Quality counts less than attitude(态度) and effort—even stupid joke can free others of risk and embarrassment.
3．(2019·北京卷)With her dad's permission(允许), she spent the next two years researching online.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Fortunately(幸运地), after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.
5. I'd like to attend English lectures(讲座), from which I can get more information on British and American culture.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活______________________________________________________
1．scare vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
2．extinction n．灭绝，绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的
3．devote vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；奉献；热心
4．establish v．建立，设立→established adj.已建立的；知名的→establishment n. 建立；机构
5．reduce vt.减少，降低→reduction n．减少，下降
6．infection n．感染；传染病→infect v．感染→infectious adj.传染性的
7．contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；促成，造成→contribution n．贡献；捐助
8．majority n．大多数；大半→major v．主修 n．专业 adj.主要的→majority n．多数→[反义词]minority n．少数；少数民族
9．remove v．移走，搬走，去掉→removal n．移动，调动；去除
10．urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策→urgency n．紧急(的事)；迫切；强求；催促→urgent adj.紧急的，迫切的，催促的,[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·江苏卷)Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions(contribute)．
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)As a result, adequate preparation is urgently(urge) needed, including practice, nutrition and a perfect plan.
3．It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.(scare)
4．Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote)
5．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (major)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现______________________________________________________
1．due_to 因为，由于
2．take...into_account 把……考虑进去
3．in_fear 恐惧，担心
4._cut_off_ 切断；阻断，隔绝
5．rather_than 而不是
6．by_mistake 错误地；疏忽地
7．aim_at... 目标是……；旨在做……
8．take_steps 采取措施
9．mistake...for... 把……误认为……
10．up_to 多达，高达
11._call_on 号召
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up_to three books a day as a child.
2．(2020·江苏卷)LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather_than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)People who put in 300 minutes a week of exercise had a 20% lower risk of death due_to heart disease.
4．(2018·天津卷改编)The author refused the help from the man in the house because she mistook_him for_a tour guide.
5．(全国卷Ⅲ)I am writing to invite you to join the table tennis team aimed_at developing our interests and improving our skills.
6．The mayor should take_steps to deal with the holiday rush in our city.
7．Struck by the terrible earthquake, his village was cut_off from the outside.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.“v.＋al”→名词①remove→removal 移动②arrive→arrival 到达③survive→survival 幸存④approve→approval 赞成⑤refuse→refusal 拒绝 2.有“电”一族①electricity n． 电 ②electric adj. 用电的，电动的③electrical adj. 与电有关的④electronic adj. 电子的 3.“自然灾害”集合①drought n． 干旱②tornado n. 龙卷风③snowstorm n. 暴风雪④storm n. 暴风雨⑤tsunami n. 海啸⑥landslide n. 滑坡⑦flood n. 洪灾，水灾
(三)重点句型仿写熟记公式，练原句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film. 有些人因为害怕电影里可怕的生物而停止在海里游泳。 形容词(短语)作状语 1.(天津卷)由于担心我的健康，我尝试了许多不同的饮食方法，但都没有效果。Worried_about_my_health，I tried many different kinds of diets but nothing worked.
In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight. 1980年，本奇利正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的景象。 “be doing...when...”意为“正在做……这时……” 2.我正在一家饭店里吃饭这时托尼突然进来了。I was_having_dinner at a restaurant when Tony came in.
续 表
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
The less energy you use, the less carbon dioxide is released. 使用的能源越少，二氧化碳释放的就越少。 The＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．.. 3.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)年纪越大，我越觉得时间有翅膀。The_older I get, the_more I feel time has wings.
However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能量是塑料袋的4倍，耗水量则是塑料袋的3倍。 倍数表达 4.这家工厂的汽车产量是那家工厂的两倍。This factory produces twice_as_many_cars_as_that one.
[学生用书P87]
scare vt.使恐惧 vi.受惊吓
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷7月)Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears away/off．
②(2018·天津卷)My mum would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared(scare)．
③The scared look suggested that there must be something scary around her. (scare)
[再写美]——句式升级
④(普通表达)The child was scared of the fierce dog and didn't go to his home.
(高级表达)Scared_of_the_fierce_dog,_the child didn't go to his home. (形容词短语作状语)
(1)scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
scare...away/off 把……吓跑
(2)scared adj. 恐惧的，惊恐的
get scared 感到害怕
be scared to death 吓得要死
be scared to do sth./of doing sth.
害怕做某事
(3)scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的
[佳句背诵] Mary heard a strange sound at midnight outside her house and got scared.
半夜的时候，玛丽听到房子外面有一个奇怪的声音，感到很害怕。
due to 归功于；应属于；由于，因为
[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①The meeting isn't due to_start(start) until three.
②After several rounds of negotiations, I'm due for a pay rise soon.
③(2021·浙江卷1月) In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier and that most of the rise is due_to(因为) gains in BMI in rural areas.
[再写美]——微写作
④(2018·江苏卷)雷诺温和她的丈夫莫丝因为错误的投资而无家可归。
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due_to_their_wrong_investment.
be due to do sth. 预期/预定要做某事
be due for sth. 期望得到某物
[佳句背诵] Jennifer, together with two other clerks, was punished due to breaking the rule.
詹妮弗和其他两个同事因为违反规定而受到了惩罚。
[名师点津] 表示 “由于，因为”的短语还有：because of、on account of、owing to、thanks to、as a result of、 in consequence of、 as a consequence of等。
devote vt.献身于；致力于；专心致志于；把……用于
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷6月满分作文)I still remember what you have devoted to improving(improve) my oral English and writing skills.
②We expressed our gratitude to the people devoted(devote) to protecting the ecology in the area.
③We have learned a great deal from her devotion(devote) to her work and her willingness to help others.
[再写美]——补全句子/句式升级
④(普通表达)Jane devotes_herself_to_teaching(致力于教育) the deaf children and she has little time to care for her own daughter.
⑤(高级表达)Devoting_herself_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_Jane has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑥(高级表达)Devoted_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_Jane has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语)
(1)devote...to... 把……奉献给……；专注于……
devote oneself to 致力于；献身于
(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to 专心于；致力于
(3)devotion n. 奉献；献身；忠诚
[佳句背诵] She devoted all her life to carrying out the research on the Dream of Red Mansion, which is a masterpiece of classical Chinese literature.
她一生致力于《红楼梦》的研究，该书是一部中国古典文学名著。
[名师点津] devote...to...中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动词 ing形式作宾语。
affect v．影响；感动；侵袭；使感染
[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①(2020·江苏卷) Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects(affect) performance.
②Affected(affect) with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
③(2018·江苏卷满分作文)Apparently, blindly following others' advice will_affect_our_own_judgment(将会影响我们自己的判断).
[再写美]——句式升级
④(普通表达)Many young people were affected by his story. They began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
(高级表达)Affected_by_his_story,_many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(分词作状语)
(1)be greatly/deeply affected by 被……深深打动
be affected with high fever 发高烧
(2)effect n. 作用；影响
have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
(3)affection n. 喜爱
have an affection for 喜欢……
[佳句背诵] I have much affection for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
我很爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我产生了积极的影响。
[联想发散] “被深深的感动”的表达：
①be deeply moved;_②be deeply touched；
③be deeply affected
supply n．& vt.供给，提供，补给
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷7月)Many libraries will help you with locally supplied(supply) information about business management.
②The fresh vegetables are in short supply on the island.
③Don't forget that all dogs need a supply of fresh water to drink.
[再写美]——一句多译
他说可以提供给我物美价廉的商品。
④He said he could supply_me_with goods of high quality and cheap price.
⑤He said he could supply_goods of high quality and cheap price to_me．
(1)supply sth. to sb./supply sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物
(2)in short supply 供应不足
a supply of 一批；很多
[佳句背诵] Moreover, the competition will supply you with a chance to develop your creativity and build friendship with other students who share the same interest with you.
此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个机会，帮助你发展创造力，与志同道合的同学建立友谊。(2018·天津卷满分作文)
reduce v．减少，缩小；使还原；使变成
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce(reduce) air pollution.
②With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.
③It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.
[再写美]——微写作
④减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。
One_of_the_most_effective_ways_to_reduce_stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
⑤他在大城市的生活很艰难， 最后竟然沦落到以乞讨为生的境地。
His life in the big city was hard and finally he was_reduced_to_begging for a living.
reduce...by... 把……减少了……
reduce...to... 把……减少到……；
把……变为某种状态
be reduced to 陷入某种境地(to为介词)
[佳句背诵] It turns out that looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪)．
结果是看绿色、正在生长的东西可以减少压力，降低血压，使人们的心情好。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
[联想发散] ①reduce→decrease(同义词)；
②reduce→increase/rise(反义词)
majority n．大部分，大多数，大半
[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①The majority (major) of them take on online language test before starting their programme.
②One third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are (be) black people.
③(2019·天津卷)When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major_in(主修) comparative literature.
[再写美]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)When it comes to education, most people believe that it is a lifetime study.
(高级表达)When it comes to education, the_majority_of people believe that it is a lifetime study.
(1)the majority of... 大多数……
be in the majority 占多数
(2)major adj. 主要的；大的
n．& v. 专业；主修
major in 主修……；以……为专业
(3)minority n. 少数
in the minority 占少数
[佳句背诵] I love painting very much. I started learning painting at an early age and chose painting art and history as my major in college. 我非常喜欢绘画。我很小就开始学习绘画，并在大学时选择了绘画艺术和历史作为我的专业。
amount n．数量；总额 v．等于；合计；发展成为
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①A large amount of money was_spent(spend) on the bridge.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were(be) forbidding to most citizens.
③Recently the amount of time spent in reading each session has_declined(decline)．
④This amounts to cheating(cheat) the teacher if you do it.
[再写美]——微写作
⑤他的月收入总计约为2 000美元。
His monthly earnings amount_to about $2，000.
⑥这种电视机已经大量售出。
This type of TV has been sold in_large_amounts.
(1)a small/large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 少/大量的
amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数谓语动词
大量的
in large amounts 大量地
(2)amount to 合计，共有；等于，相当于
[佳句背诵] Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.
如果我早知道这个电脑程序， 就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。
take...into account 考虑到……；把……考虑进去
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
②The flight was postponed on account of bad weather.
[再写美]——同义替换
③I sincerely hope that you will take account of my suggestion.
→I sincerely hope that you will take_my_suggestion_into_account/consideration．
[名师点津] 表示“决不”的短语还有：in no case、at no time、in no sense、in no way、by no means、on no condition、under no circumstances、on no consideration、on no occasion。
(1)account v． 认为；说明；总计有
n. 账目；说明；计算；理由
account for 说明；做出解释；占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于，因为
on no account 决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)
take account of(＝take...into account/consideration)
考虑到……，把……考虑进去
(3)accountant n. 会计员，会计师
[佳句背诵] I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account. 我真诚地希望你能考虑一下我的建议。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
contribute v．捐献，贡献；投稿；促成，造成
[先练会]——写出下列句中contribute to的含义/单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷7月)Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.导致
②If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.投稿
③I am convinced that your participation will certainly contribute to our winning(win) the championship in the match.
[再写美]——微写作
④(2018·北京卷满分作文)总之，我为自己对传播中国文化做出的巨大贡献感到自豪。
In conclusion，I was proud of making_great_contributions_to_spreading_Chinese_culture．
(1)contribute sth. to... 把某物捐献给……
contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿
(2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；稿件
make a contribution/contributions to
对……做出贡献
[佳句背诵] Doing small things well contributes to building up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.
把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。
[名师点津] 表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：cause、lead to、result in、bring about等。
average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的 n．平均数；一般水准 v．计算出……的平均数
[先练会]——写出下列句中average的词性及含义
①The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.adj.平均的
②(2020·江苏卷)They burned more fat on average.n.平均数
③There was nothing special about the film—it was only average.adj.普通的
④The Qinghai Tibet Plateau is the world's highest plateau, averaging over 4，000 metres above sea level.v.平均为
[再写美]——微写作
⑤(天津卷)他是一个好学生。大多数学科的成绩都在平均分以上。
He was a good student and scored above_(the)_average in most subjects.
(1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词)
(2)on (the) average 平均起来
above/below (the) average 平均水平以上/以下
up to average 达到一般水准
(3)average out 算出平均数
[佳句背诵] (1)All students have two PE classes a week and run for an average of 20 minutes every day.
所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑步20分钟。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
(2)She runs on average about 15 miles a day, whatever the circumstances are.
她坚持每天平均跑15英里左右，不论什么情况。
形容词(短语)作状语
(教材原句)Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film.
有些人因为害怕电影里可怕的生物而停止在海里游泳。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Surprised(surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize.
②The boy lay on the sofa, relaxed(relax)．
③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)_Luckily(lucky), I will go home in two weeks for summer vacation.
[再写美]——句式升级
④(普通表达)I was too worried and helpless, so I have no alternative but to turn to you for help.
(高级表达)Too_worried_and_helpless,_I have no alternative but to turn to you for help.(形容词作状语)(2018·浙江卷11月满分作文)
用法归纳 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开
注意事项 形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语
[佳句背诵] To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy.
使我们感到欣慰的是，失踪的孩子十天后回到了家，虽然很累，但很健康。
倍数表达
(教材原句)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. 然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能量是塑料袋的4倍，耗水量则是塑料袋的3倍。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster(fast) than traditional garbage as a whole.
②The number of students now in this school is four times what it was ten years ago.
[再写美]——一句多译
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)在建的体育馆是操场的三倍大。
③The new stadium being built will be twice_bigger_than the playground.(than)
④The new stadium being built will be three_times_as_big_as the playground.(as...as)
⑤The new stadium being built will be three_times_the_size_of the playground.(size)
(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词的原级＋as B；
(2)A＋be＋倍数＋形容词的比较级＋than B；
(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/height...) ＋of B；
(4)A＋be＋倍数＋what从句，意为“A是……的多少倍”
[佳句背诵] The teaching building being built now is four times as high as that one.
＝The teaching building being built now is three times higher than that one.
＝The teaching building being built now is four times the height of that one.
正在修建的教学楼是那个教学楼的四倍高。
[学生用书P91]
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2020·江苏卷)The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting COVID 19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis. v．发布
2．(2020·天津卷7月)Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full length statue by highlighting the heavy labor she had done before. v．强调
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Whaley got the idea of this second grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. n．活动
4．(2020·天津卷7月)He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. n．装置；设备
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.v.使陷入某种状态
2．(2020·江苏卷)Humor makes average looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. adj.普通的
3．I'm a reserve for the school football team.n.替补队员，后备队员
4．The disease affects many different organs of the body. v．(疾病)侵袭
5．(北京卷)Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much needed supplies to Rockaway. n．必需品
Ⅲ.一词多义
1. 根据语境选出average的词性及含义
A．adj.平均的B．adj.一般的；普通的 C．n.平均数
D．n.一般水平；平均水平 E．v.平均为
(1)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.__E__
(2)Most were women with an average of 50, and most were overweight.__C__
(3)35% of staff time was being spent on repeating work, about the average for a service industry.__D__
(4)How can students of average intelligence be top students without additional work __B__
(5)The high speed train travels at an average speed of 365 kilometers per hour.__A__
2. 根据语境选出affect的词性及含义
(1)Whether you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your mood.__A__
(2)A lack of exercise will leave your body weak and easily affected by disease.__B__
(3)What the teacher said left me affected, so I was determined to make more efforts to study English.__C__
(4)She affected a calmness she did not feel in front of the crowd.__D__
3. 根据语境选出reduce的词性及含义
(1)The plan is designed to reduce some of the company's mountainous debt.__A__
(2)(江苏卷) Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look.__C__
(3)They were reduced to extreme poverty after the war.__B__
4. 根据语境选出contribute的词性及含义
A．v.捐献 B．v.投稿
C．v.是……的原因之一 D．v.贡献
(1)The melting of polar ice caps caused by global warming contributes to the rise of sea level.__C__
(2)We are very proud of ourselves, believing we can make more contributions to a better world.__D__
(3)She has contributed a number of articles to the magazine since last year.__B__
(4)We contributed ￡5，000 to the earthquake fund.__A__
提能训练二 话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)
1．补全要点句
①由于工业发展，发达国家的温室气体排放量是发展中国家的两倍多。(due to, greenhouse, 倍数表达)
Due_to_industrial_development,_greenhouse_gas emissions in developed countries are_twice_more_than_that in developing countries.
②温室气体的大量排放引起二氧化碳浓度增高，导致全球变暖。(release, carbon)
Large quantities of greenhouse_gas_release cause the increase of carbon_dioxide concentration, leading to global warming.
③全球变暖引起洪涝灾害，使海平面上升，淹没了大量的土地。(flood, contribute, amount)
Global warming causes flood_disaster. That contributes_to sea level rising and floods a_large_amount_of_land．
④全球变暖还会引起其他多达十多种的自然灾害，如干旱、沙尘暴等。 (drought, up to)
Global warming will also cause up_to_ten_kinds_of_natural_disasters,_such as drought_and_sandstorm．
⑤这些严重的自然灾害会影响到人类和其他生物的生存，甚至引起灭亡。 (sever, affect, extinction)
These severe_natural_disasters_will_affect_the_survival_of_human_beings and other organisms, and even cause_extinction．
⑥为此，联合国正呼吁各国团结起来采取措施减少温室气体排放，多使用诸如风能、太阳能等新能源，以建立一个和谐的世界。(call on, take steps, reduce, solar, establish)
For this reason, the United Nations is calling_on_all_countries to unite to take_steps_to_reduce_greenhouse_gas_emissions,_use more new energy such as wind energy and solar_energy,_and establish_a_harmonious_world．
2．升级平淡句
⑦将句③改为现在分词短语作状语
Global_warming_causes_flood_disaster,_contributing_to_sea_level_rising_and_flooding_a_large_amount_of_land.
⑧将句④和句⑦用not only...but also...连接起来
Global_warming_not_only_causes_flood_disaster,_contributing_to_sea_level_rising_and_flooding_a_large_amount_of_land_but_also_causes_up_to_ten_kinds_of_natural_disasters,_such_as_drought_and_sandstorm.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：as a result, moreover)
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One possible version：
Due to industrial development, greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries are twice more than that in developing countries. As a result, large quantities of greenhouse gas release cause the increase of carbon dioxide concentration, leading to global warming. Moreover, global warming not only causes flood disaster, contributing to sea level rising and flooding a large amount of land but also causes up to ten kinds of natural disasters, such as drought and sandstorm. These severe natural disasters will affect the survival of human beings and other organisms, and even cause extinction. For this reason, the United Nations is calling on all countries to unite to take steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, use more new energy such as wind energy and solar energy, and establish a harmonious world.
提能训练三 读后续写12——描述由远及近的镜头感及连动的救灾动词
Ⅰ.选词填空(火灾救援现场)
approaching, two good bursts, suddenly, coming from, in case, get hold of, as he got closer, one more look, emergency, stay still
One morning in 2009, Larry was traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers. 1.Suddenly,_he saw a car with its bright lights on. 2.As_he_got_closer,_he found another vehicle upside down on the road. 3.One_more_look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the disabled vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 4.got_hold_of the fire extinguisher (灭火器).5.Two_good_bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on came over and told Larry he had made an 6.emergency call.They then heard a woman's voice 7.coming_from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 8.Approaching the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to 9.stay_still until the emergency personnel arrived 10.in_case she injured her neck.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(陷入困境)
I quickly realized the situation could get very serious. Nobody would be coming past.There was no phone signal.It was snowing and cold. If I waited, I would probably be rescued eventually. But the chance of freezing to death before that happened was too high for me to risk staying put.
A卷——小题夯基练[学生用书P381(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．When it comes to the flourishing industry of film in the USA, the majority(大多数) of people consider multiculturalism as the most important factor.
2．The government should keep the society safe and stable by means of establishing(建立) a sound social security system.
3．The issues that we can't hope to solve without an increasing public awareness and concern are pollution, species extinction(灭绝), increase of wilderness, loss of farmland and soil.
4．The 18th and 19th centuries witnessed the widespread use of electricity(电) and the birth of the steam engine.
5．We all agree that whoever circulates false news during an emergency period should be severely(严厉地) punished by authorities.
6．Bringing housing prices down to a reasonable level is the short term target(目标), but our long term goal is to build an effective and healthy housing market.
7．The local government provided accommodations for the homeless soon after the flood(洪水)．
8．It is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount(量) you eat.
9．With regard to future oil supplies(供应), the situation is uncertain.
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．Although the film is scaring(scare), it appeals to many of my peers to watch.
2．On the other hand, the app may make people addicted to it so deeply that it can waste too much time and make their life circle smaller, affecting their real life and devotion(devote) to work.
3．(2020·江苏卷)People need permission(permit) to be funny in social settings because there's always a risk that comes with humor.
4．(2019·天津卷)If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(extinct) of one of them.
5．(四川卷)They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections(infect)．
6．There is an urgent(urge) need for the government to take necessary measures to reduce air pollution.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption.
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.
4．(2020·江苏卷)On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
5．Could you have given them the wrong drug by mistake
6．She was devoted to teaching(teach) and translating religious texts, winning acclaim (高度评价) for her work.
7．Deeply affected(affect) by his story, many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled.
8．(2020·新高考山东卷)Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．我平均每月要出差两次，一年有三分之一时间在外漂泊。
I am out on business trips twice each month on_average and one third of a year I am away from home.
2．由于抽不出时间，我不得不放弃这个计划。
Unable_to_afford_the_time,_I had to give up the plan.
3．(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that they should on no account use mobile phones in his class.
→The professor warned the students that on_no_account_should_they_use mobile phones in his class. (倒装句)
4．最让我害怕的是我不会被这所大学录取。
(1)What_scares_me is that I'm going to end up not being admitted into the university. (what主语从句)
(2)I_was_scared_that I'm going to end up not being admitted into the university. (be scared that)
5．我的农场已经扩展成了一个大农场，是原来的三倍大。
(1)My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three_times_as_big_as the previous one.
(2)My farm has expanded into a big one, which is twice_bigger_than the previous one.
(3)My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three_times_the_size_of the previous one.
B卷——大题提能练[学生用书P382(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021·山东滨州模拟)The sixth mass extinction is not a worry for the future. It's happening now, much faster than previously expected，and it's entirely our fault，according to a study published Monday.
Humans have already wiped out hundreds of species and pushed many more to the brink of extinction through wildlife trade，pollution，habitat loss and the use of toxic substances. The findings published in the scientific Journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) show that the rate at which species are dying out has accelerated in recent decades.
Gerardo Ceballos González，a professor of ecology at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and one of the authors of the study，said approximately 173 species went extinct between 2001 and 2014. “173 species is 25 times more extinct species than you would expect under the normal extinction rate.” he told CNN in an email. He and his team found that in the past 100 years, more than 400 vertebrate (脊椎动物的) species went extinct. “In the normal course of evolution，such extinctions would have taken up to 10，000 years，” they said.
Mass extinctions are just as severe as their name suggests. There have been five mass extinction events in the Earth's history, each wiping out between 70% and 95% of the species of plants, animals and microorganisms. The most recent, 66 million years ago, saw dinosaurs disappear. The past events were caused by catastrophic changes of the environment，including massive volcanic eruptions or collision with an asteroid.
The sixth mass extinction the one happening now—is different：scientists say it's caused by humans. The researchers also said the current COVID 19(冠状病毒)crisis shows people's recklessness (鲁莽) towards nature can seriously hurt themselves. Many endangered species are dying in large numbers due to the trade in wild animals and plants.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第六次大灭绝正要到来，且比我们想象的来得快。同时文章分析了产生第六次大灭绝的原因，即人类的行为。
1．What does the underlined word “toxic” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Poisonous. B．Useful.
C．Alternative. D．Environment friendly.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句话，人类已经使数百种物种灭绝，并将更多物种推向灭绝的边缘的方式是通过野生动物贸易、污染、毁掉栖息地和toxic substances的使用。根据句意，此处应表示“有毒物质”的使用。poisonous意为“有毒的”，useful意为“有用的”，alternative意为“供选择的”，environment friendly意为“环保的”。故选A项。
2．How does the writer convince readers of the seriousness of the mass extinctions
A．By listing reliable statistics.
B．By imagining a picture of the extinctions.
C．By mentioning some news from CNN.
D．By explaining the history of the extinctions.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者通过列出可靠的统计数据，使读者相信大规模灭绝的严重性。故选A项。
3．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To tell the difference between the fifth and sixth extinction.
B．To explain the cause of the coronavirus crisis.
C．To warn humans to get rid of their wrong actions.
D．To show the writer's concern about the endangered species.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，现在正在进行的第六次大灭绝和人类的错误行为有关。人类的活动导致了许多濒危物种正在大量死亡。最终人类也会伤害到自己。综合分析，最后一段的目的是警告人类去除他们的错误行为。故选C项。
4．What does this article mainly talk about
A．The changes of the environment do harm to wildlife.
B．The sixth mass extinction is much faster than expected.
C．Mass extinctions are just as severe as their name suggests.
D．The current coronavirus has arisen from the illegal trade.
B 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“The sixth mass extinction is not a worry for the future. It's happening now，much faster than previously expected，and it's entirely our fault”可知，第六次大灭绝正在到来，而且比我们预期的还要快。再根据文章最后一段可知，第六次大灭绝是由人类造成的，并且最终会危害到人类。综合分析，本篇文章讲述的是由于人类行为导致第六次大灭绝正要到来，且比我们预期的来得快。故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·湖南永州二模)
What does It Mean to Be Intelligent
It seems that everyone goes to college now, whether or not they find themselves interested in studying something long term. Even though I know there are different ways to be intelligent, I struggle due to society's influence, which maintains that intelligence is quantifiable (可量化的) and that academic intelligence is one and the only.
Where do IQ tests come into play when one considers intelligence Do they fall closest to priority when considering this unquantifiable concept Intelligence simply cannot be reduced to an IQ test, which are not effective. While designed to measure “intelligence”， all they measure are biological developments that can change as one grows. 1.________
There are many factors that can indicate an intelligent being, such as academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly intelligence. For instance, if a student realizes that they haven't studied appropriately for an exam, he or she would have the ability to acknowledge that, and then make revisions to his or her study habits accordingly. 2.________ Emotional intelligence is the intelligence that fosters self awareness, self reflection, and self improvement.
3．________ We cannot function without forming relationships and communication. This proves that being aware of oneself and reflecting in order to further better communication skills is an evidence to intelligence. Where would you be if you were a terrible communicator, unaware, and unwilling to improve, but academically thriving
Emotional intelligence is what surpasses (超越) those who are hard headed. Those who maintain academic intelligence may still be a bit dull and unaware of themselves. 4.________ Even as a college student, there are certain skills such as teamwork and communication that require awareness and an open mind in order to further their growth.
5．________ Academia is not only pictured and taught unfairly, or even close to what intelligence is if you were to quantify it. If you want to strive for mental growth, and maintain self awareness through self reflection, you can apply that to any intelligence category.
A．All of life is communicatory.
B．Specifically, this is emotional intelligence.
C．Intelligence is determined by many factors.
D．Stubbornness is a barrier towards communication.
E．In fact, there are many with low IQ scores that are intelligent.
F．Some connections exist between intelligence and communication.
G．So there is academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly intelligence.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述智商测试结果不能完全反应人的智力的观点，因为人的智力除了学术智力，还包括情商智力和世俗智力等。只有具备各种智力，人们才能正常的生活和工作。
1．E 解析：上文“Where do IQ tests come into play when one considers intelligence？(考虑智力的时候，智商测试在哪儿起作用呢)”与E项In fact, there are many with low IQ scores that are intelligent.(事实上，很多智商低的人都很聪明)首尾呼应，表明智力不仅仅表现在智商测试得分上。故选E项。
2．B 解析：上文“For instance, if a student realizes that they haven't studied appropriately for an exam, he or she would have the ability to acknowledge that, and then make revisions to his or her study habits accordingly.(例如，如果一个学生意识到他们没有为考试进行适当的学习，他或她有能力承认这一点，然后相应地修改他们的学习习惯)”与B项Specifically, this is emotional intelligence.(具体来说，这是情商智力)承接自然，选项中的this指代上文“承认自己没有适当学习，并做出相应改变”的行为。故选B项。
3．A 解析：下文“We cannot function without forming relationships and communication.(如果不建立关系和交流，我们就无法正常工作)”与A项All of life is communicatory.(所有的生命都是交流的)话题相同，都强调了交流对于生命体的重要性。故选A项。
4．D 解析：上文“Those who maintain academic intelligence may still be a bit dull and unaware of themselves.(那些坚持学术智力的人很有可能有点迟钝，并且对自己认识不够清楚)”与D项Stubbornness is a barrier towards communication.(固执是交流的障碍)承接自然，选项中的Stubbornness就是上文中提到的“坚持学术智力的人”。故选D项。
5．G 解析：G项So there is academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly intelligence.(因此有学术智力、情感智力和世俗智力)用来总结上文提到的各种智力，且照应第三段提到的“There are many factors that can indicate an intelligent being, such as academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly intelligence.(有很多因素可以表明一个智力个体的存在，如学术智力、情商智力和世俗智力)”。故选G项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021·滨州4月高三五校联考)In January this year, a fire destroyed the building that housed Yossi's Fish Market in Borough Park, Brooklyn: The __1__ made Yossi Heiman have no place to operate his business and no ability to get __2__. The merchant Shea Langsam owns a(n)__3__ store, just a few blocks away. One would have __4__ that sympathetic as he might be to his competitor's bad luck, he would welcome this opportunity to __5__ new customers and increase his business. __6__， Shea did something truly excellent. When he learned of the fire, he __7__ the phone and called Yossi Heiman. Not only did he __8__ him but when he heard Yossi say he would need a facility to run his business and deliver __9__ to his customers, he said, “Don't worry! Why not join me in my store before your store could be rebuilt As fellow community members we all should try to help each other.” Shea did as he promised and Yossi __10__ his losses.
The story is wonderful. It's a(n)__11__ of seeing fellow community members as part of one family and putting the need of others __12__ their own need. Businessmen usually want to make more money or grow their __13__ but the story is __14__： It's a truly sincere display of true faith and great kindness. Real faith means __15__ others and having a heart of compassion (同情) and mercy like Shea.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述的是一位商人在邻家商铺遭受火灾后没有落井下石，趁机抢占市场和客户，反而热心帮助竞争对手渡过难关的故事。
1．A.explosion B．battle
C．accident D．campaign
C 解析：根据前文中的“a fire”和空后的“have no place to operate his business”可知，此处应表示那场大火，即这次事故使约西·海曼失去了做生意的地方。accident意为“事故”，符合语境。explosion意为“爆炸”，battle意为“战役”，campaign意为“运动、活动”。
2．A.attention B．assistance
C．information D．income
D 解析：根据空前的“have no place to operate his business”和常识可知，那次火灾毁了约西·海曼的水产市场所在的那栋建筑，所以他没有地方继续经营他的生意，也就没有了收入。income意为“收入”，符合语境。attention意为“注意、关注”，assistance意为“帮助”，information意为“信息”。
3．A.similar B．mysterious
C．online D．outdoor
A 解析：根据后文中的“his competitor's bad luck”可知，谢伊·兰萨姆和约西·海曼是竞争对手，所以他们经营的是类似的生意。similar意为“类似的、相似的”，符合语境。mysterious意为“神秘的”，online意为“在线的”，outdoor意为“户外的”。
4．A.explained B．agreed
C．complained D．thought
D 解析：根据语境可知，谢伊·兰萨姆和约西·海曼是竞争对手，故此处应指，人们会认为，虽然谢伊·兰萨姆可能会同情约西·海曼的不幸遭遇，但是他完全可以抓住这次机会抢占更多的顾客。think意为“认为”，符合语境。explain意为“解释”，agree意为“同意”，complain意为“抱怨”。
5．A.treat B．acquire
C．depend on D．give up
B 解析：参见上题解析。acquire意为“开始占有、得到”，符合语境。treat意为“对待”，depend on意为“依靠、取决于”，give up意为“放弃”。
6．A.Moreover B．Therefore
C．Instead D．Though
C 解析：前文讲到，人们一般会认为，谢伊会趁此机会抢占客户和市场；结合空处后一分句可知，他做了一些确实很棒的事情。由此可知，前后文之间为转折关系。instead意为“相反、却”，符合语境。
7．A.picked up B．hung up
C．repaired D．provided
A 解析：根据空后的“called Yossi Heiman”和常识可知，此处应指谢伊拿起电话，给约西·海曼打了一个电话。pick up意为“拿起、接载”，符合语境。hang up意为“挂断电话”，repair意为“修理”，provide意为“提供”。
8．A.doubt B．comfort
C．turn to D．laugh at
B 解析：根据后文中的“Why not join me in my store”和常识可推知，此处应指谢伊给约西·海曼打电话，不仅安慰了他，还主动提出要给予约西帮助。comfort意为“安慰”，符合语境。doubt意为“怀疑”，turn to意为“改用、求助于”，laugh at意为“嘲笑”。
9．A.service B．spirit
C．orders D．notes
C 解析：根据空后的“his customers”和选项可知，此处应指约西·海曼需要一个场所来经营自己的生意和给客户送货。order意为“所订的货物”，符合语境。service意为“服务”，spirit意为“精神”，note意为“笔记”。
10．A.held back B．checked on
C．reported D．cut
D 解析：根据前文谢伊·兰萨姆提出要给予约西帮助和空前的“Shea did as he promised”并结合常识可知，谢伊·兰萨姆让约西·海曼在其商铺重建之前去他的店里继续经营生意，约西·海曼可以减少很多损失。cut意为“减少、削减”，符合语境。hold back意为“阻止、控制(感情)”，check on意为“检查”，report意为“报道”。
11．A.example B．reminder
C．challenge D．guide
A 解析：结合前文内容和选项可知，此处应指这个故事是一个很好的将邻居视为一个大家庭的一部分的例子。example意为“例子”，符合语境。reminder意为“起提醒作用的东西”，challenge意为“挑战”，guide意为“指南、向导”。
12．A.because of B．ahead of
C．out of D．as for
B 解析：根据前文可知，谢伊·兰萨姆没有借此机会抢占客户，反而帮助了约西·海曼。由此可推断，此处应表示把别人的需要放在自己的需要前面。ahead of...意为“在……前面”，符合语境。because of意为“因为”，out of意为“出于、由于、来自”，as for意为“关于、至于”。
13．A.duty B．fame
C．interest D．business
D 解析：根据空前的“make more money”和常识可知，此处应指商人通常都想要赚更多的钱，扩大自己的生意规模。business意为“生意”，符合语境。duty意为“义务、职责”，fame意为“名声”，interest意为“兴趣、利益”。
14．A.exceptional B．boring
C．ridiculous D．old
A 解析：根据空前的“but”可知，此处语义发生了转折；结合选项可知，此处表示商人通常都想赚更多的钱，扩大自己的生意规模，但这个故事却是罕见的。exceptional意为“罕见的、不寻常的”，符合语境。boring意为“无聊的”，ridiculous意为“荒谬的”，old意为“老的、陈旧的”。
15．A.respecting B．protecting
C．taking control of D．caring about
D 解析：根据空后的“having a heart of compassion (同情) and mercy like Shea”可知，此处应指真正的信念意味着像谢伊一样关心他人并且有一颗充满同情和仁慈的心。care about意为“关心”，符合语境。respect意为“尊重”，protect意为“保护”，take control of意为“控制”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2021·湖南永州二模)The Tibetan antelope, also known as the Chiru, is unique to the Tibetan Plateau of China, 1.____________ is the highest plateau in the world. The Tibetan antelopes are thin animals with four powerful legs and short tails, their bodies 2.____________(cover) with abundant white and light gray hair.
The Tibetan antelopes feed mostly on grass. In winter, they dig into the snow 3.____________(seek) food. They are good runners and can run for several hours in cold weather conditions, so they can sometimes escape from 4.____________(wolf), their main predators (捕食者), easily.
The Tibetan antelopes 5.____________(list) in the “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora” as endangered species with a population estimated to be 6.____________(little) than 35，000 and still on 7.____________ decline.
8．____________(thank), effective measures have been taken by China and India to prohibit the Tibetan antelopes 9.____________ being hunted. China has set up four nature reserves and thirty two passages beneath the railways for the antelopes to immigrate. And both countries check the illegal trade strictly. People didn't believe these would work at first, but now local people think they 10.____________(be) of great significance.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。青藏高原的藏羚羊主要以草为食，但因为捕食者和人类的活动，它们曾经濒临灭绝，现在中国和印度政府正在采取积极措施保护这些濒危动物。
1．which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词Tibetan Plateau在从句中充当主语，故填which。
2．covered 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是独立主格，cover和逻辑主语their bodies之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填covered。
3．to seek 解析：考查动词不定式。句意：冬天，它们刨雪来寻找食物。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用表目的的非谓语动词，故填to seek。
4．wolves 解析：考查名词的数。所给名词wolf是可数名词，根据下文的predators可知，此处应用复数形式，故填wolves。
5．are listed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处是谓语动词，list和主语The Tibetan antelopes之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；结合上下文可知，此处讲述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填are listed。
6．less 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处应用形容词作为表语，根据than可知，此处应用比较级，故填less。
7．the 解析：考查冠词。此处是固定短语，on the decline意为“在减少”，故填the。
8．Thankfully 解析：考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的整个句子，故填Thankfully。
9．from 解析：考查介词。此处是固定短语，prohibit...from...意为“禁止……做……”，故填from。
10．are 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据now可知，应用一般现在时，主语是复数，故填are。
写作新题型(四)[学生用书P384(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2021·杭州五校联考)假设你是李华，得知你的英国笔友杰克(Jack)想到中国读大学，学习并体验中国文化，想征询你的意见。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．推荐大学；
3．你的期待。
注意：
1．词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Dear Jack，
I am so delighted to have received your letter. I'm writing to express my warmest welcome to you and I'm sure you will have the most unforgettable college experience.
Given your keen interest in Chinese culture, I recommend you apply for Zhejiang University. You can immerse yourself in our profound history and splendid culture in its Chinese Literature major. Moreover, Zhejiang University is located in Hangzhou, which will attract you with its beautiful scenery and harmonious cultural environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true. If you have further questions, please let me know.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021·山东临沂二模)Taking her child to school was a suffering Tracey Lewis was worried about. Walking left her breathless, but taking the car meant putting enormous body into the driver's seat and fastening the seat belt.
“I hated my body，” she admits. “Anything other than sitting and watching TV was a struggle.”
When I went out I had to carry talcum powder with me to rub between my thighs (大腿) to stop them chaffing (擦伤). The only clothes that fitted were huge numbers that only drew attention to my size. I looked awful.
When Tracey married her husband, Andy, 41, in 1988 she was a slim size 12. But then the weight piled on. She recalls: “We got into the habit of eating out. Neither of us enjoyed cooking.” At first, we ate in restaurants, but more and more we ended up staying in with a bottle of wine and a takeaway.
“I'd always been slim, so when my clothes began to feel tight it didn't bother me. I thought I'd be able to lose any extra pounds easily enough.”
Then, in 1990, Tracey fell pregnant. She shot up from a size 14 to a size 18. “Being pregnant was an excuse to stuff myself，” Tracey admits.“I didn't just eat for two, I ate for three or four—maybe more.”
Happy at home with her new baby, Tracey's weight soon was out of control. Her doctor told her to lose a few pounds instead of comforting herself with food, but after 11 months she hadn't shifted an ounce.
Soon she weighed 220 pounds and was a size 22. She had to wear cycling shorts under her dresses to stop her legs from developing sores. “By that time I was so self conscious that I avoided going out altogether，” says Tracey. “Andy plays football. I was often invited to drinks and meals, but didn't want his friends to meet me. I'd hide upstairs at home and cry.” She felt horrified.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
The following two years Tracey tried to slim.________________________________________________________________________
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The weight loss has changed Tracey's life.________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
The following two years Tracey tried to slim. She followed her doctor's advice and began to eat a simple, well balanced diet. She didn't eat in restaurants or order takeout. She began to learn to cook for herself. She ate lots of fruit and vegetables and avoided high fat food. In addition, Tracey joined an exercise class. She worked out three times a week. At first, Tracey wasn't happy because the weight came off so slowly. But her classmates encouraged her to stick to it and eventually she reached her goal. Best of all, she was able to stay at her ideal weight. That was because she had developed healthy new habits.
The weight loss has changed Tracey's life. She no longer felt out of breath. Taking her child to school becomes an easy and pleasant thing. She can go out in her nice clothes again. She takes an active part in some social activities and makes a lot of friends. She often participates in public service activities, which makes her life meaningful.
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