(共162张PPT)
英语
第一部分 基础考点聚焦
必修第三册
Unit 3 The world of science
01
语基夯实 课前闯关
02
创意课堂 多维突破
04
课后达标 知能提升
03
高效演练 素养提能
shoot
battery
beyond
stream
theory
cure
experiment
metal
origin
mentally
entirely
species
passively
account
press
pressure
desire
desirable
significant
significance
injure
injury
injured
minor
minority
scientific
scientist
science
declaration
declare
attach
attached
attachment
conduct
conductor
conduction
injury
declared
declaration
scientist
scientific
science
minorities
minor
press
pressure
in addition
make an advance/advances
thanks to
in terms of
no doubt
beyond recognition
for instance
name...after...
apart from
along with
along with
thanks to
in terms of
apart from
In addition
named after
find it hard to stop
With so many essays to write
as important as
on
Pressed
under
to remember
Pressed by his family
In
giving
In addition/What's more/Furthermore
to learn
(should) be given
for
the desire to take part in/be involved in it
在……另一边
晚于；超过
为……所不能及
除……之外
beyond description
beyond compare
beyond his reach
significance
significantly
is of great significance
injured
injured
injury
With my left foot seriously injured
for
be cured
of
cured her illness
cured her of her illness
declared
on
open
should declare against my suggestion
attached
附加
attach great importance to energy saving and environmental protection
v.带领
v.传导
n.行为，举止
v.组织，实施
conduct yourself
alone
lost
working
found it very hard to work
n.草稿
n.艺术作品
adj.意想不到的
n.程序；步骤
v.迅速成长
v.把……装满
v.掠过
n.新闻界
adj.大量的；相当数量的
A
D
B
E
C
E
D
A
C
B
No doubt
has made great advances
For instance
the invention of graphene battery
chemists and biologists
have conducted a series of scientific experiments
a cure for cancer
With this problem solved
In addition
of great significance for exploring the origin of the universe
Chinese astronomers
Thanks to the rapid development
There is no doubt that technology closely related to our daily life has made great advances.
undertaking
comes to the fore
battling
leading
appointed
advanced age
failed to
take a rest
busy schedule
inform
declares
scientific
injury
significantly
origin
experiment
theories
stream
battery
scientific
conductor
mentally
experimentally
desirable
injury
pressure
minority
declared
to bring
was injured
conducted
attached
under
(should) go
it
find her reading books in her room
is capable of aiding us to complete the project
cured him of his injury
desire that they (should)go to a key university
have a strong desire to go to a key university
declared him to be the winner
declared that he was the winner
E．Average does just enough to get by and nothing more.
G．And average doesn't make progress every single day without excuses.
A．Make your own path.
B．You are stronger than you think.
F．Ask yourself if you are settling for the same as everyone else.
C．sufferings
D．affecting
A.ending
B．eventually
B．before
A.contact
D．reconnected
A.searching
C．alive
C．reunion
B．shared
D．in tears
A.Despite
C．friendship
D．decline
to head
that
tears
has been paid
influential
greatest
won
the
for
determinationUnit 3 The world of science
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂___________________________________________________
默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。
1.virtual adj. 2.flexible adj. 3.capable adj.
4.stuff n. 5.instance n. 6.chemist n.
7.astronomer n. 8.biologist n. 9.accurate adj.
10.extraordinary adj. 11.brilliant adj. 12.radium n.
13.draft v. 14.fiction n. 15.flash n.
16.gravity n. 17.proof n. 18.procedure n．
[自主核对区]
1．虚拟的，模拟的 2.易弯曲的，柔韧的 3.有能力的
4．东西，物品 5.例子，实例 6.化学家
7．天文学家 8.生物学家 9.精确的
10．非凡的，出色的 11.聪颖的，才华横溢的 12.镭
13．起草，草拟 14.虚构的事，想象的事 15.闪光
16．重力，引力 17.证明，证据18.程序，步骤，手续
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通_________________________________________________
[辨词义·写词形]
1．shoot v． 射击；射出，放射
2．battery n. 电池
3．beyond prep. 无法……
4．stream n. 小河，小溪
5．theory n. 理论，学说
6．cure n. 疗法；药剂
7．experiment n. 实验
8．metal n. 金属
9．origin n. 起源，起因
[入语境·重活用]
1．(2020·新高考山东卷) The race was of great benefit to the participants, physically and mentally(心理上)．
2．(2020·天津卷7月)This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely(完全地) new version of “cool”．
3．(2020·江苏卷)I began collecting newspaper articles about new species(物种), new monkey，new spider...，and on and on they appear.
4．It's not his way to wait passively(被动地) for things to happen.
5．You must give an account(描述) of your behavior at the party to us all.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活____________________________________________________
1．press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure n．压力
2．desire n．渴望，欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要→desirable adj.值得拥有的；可取的
3．significant adj.重要的；有意义的，影响深远的→significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
4．injure vt.伤害，损害→injury n．伤害→injured adj.受伤的；受损害的
5．minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→minority n．少数；少数民族
6．scientific adj.科学的→scientist n．科学家→science n．科学
7．declaration n．宣言；声明→declare vt.宣布
8．attach vt.& vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接→attached adj.附加的；依恋的→attachment n．附件；依恋；爱慕
9．conduct vt.& vi.引导；带领；管理→conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥→conduction n．传导,[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·新高考山东卷满分作文)At 8：30 am, the referee announced the rules of the race and the teacher gave us some instructions on how to protect ourselves from injury (injure) during the race.
2．It's declared that both sides agree to stop fighting. They must obey the declaration forever. (declare)
3．As a scientist he succeeded in many scientific fields and made great contributions to science and technology, though he failed many times.(science)
4．There are 55 minorities in our country and there are some minor differences between them.(minor)
5．Don't press me any longer.These days, I can't fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great pressure on me.(press)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现__________________________________________________
1．in_addition 除此之外；另外
2．make_an_advance/advances 取得进步
3．thanks_to 多亏，由于
4．in_terms_of 根据……来说；依照……；就……而言
5．no_doubt 无疑地；必定
6．beyond_recognition 面目全非；无法辨认
7．for_instance 例如
8．name...after... 以……命名……
9．apart_from 除……之外
10．along_with 与……一起；
连同……一起
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．(2020·天津卷7月)Restaurants can offer a choice of music along_with the various food choices on the menu.
2．(2019·北京卷)By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks_to a warming climate, according to a new study.
3．(2019·江苏卷)With a large brain, human beings beat other beings in_terms_of intelligence.
4．(全国卷Ⅲ)Our team，apart_from regular training, will join in a variety of activities, such as participating in some national competitions on behalf of our school.
5．Staying up to study does harm to your health.In_addition,_it will affect your study the following day for lack of energy.
6．As a reward for his contribution to Botany, Joseph Banks had a flower named_after him.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.“能力”总结①capable adj. 有能力的②capability n. 能力；才能③capacity n. 能力；资格④competence n. 能力；权限⑤ability n. 能力；能耐⑥able adj. 有才能的；有能力的 2.后缀 ist名词荟萃①scientist 科学家②biologist 生物学家③psychologist 心理学家④physicist 物理学家⑤chemist 化学家⑥tourist 游客 3.“重要的”几个词①significant adj. 重要的②important adj. 重要的③vital adj. 至关重要的④essential adj. 极其重要的
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
And now，we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.现在我们发现自己处于伟大的新技术时代。 find＋宾语＋宾补 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)即使在我非常累的时候我也坚持练习。我发现很难停下来！I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired.I find_it_hard_to_stop！
续 表
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”．它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，而计算机技术控制着它的“腿”。 with复合结构 2.有那么多文章要写，今天早上他将没有时间去购物。With_so_many_essays_to_write,_he won't have time to go shopping this morning.
He also developed a calendar which is as accurate as the Gregorian calendar.他还发明了一种和公历一样精确的历法。 同级比较：as...as... 3.(2020·江苏卷)生活方式不如晨练重要。Lifestyle is not as_important_as morning exercises.
, [学生用书P110])
press n．压，按，挤；印刷 v．按，压；催促，敦促
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①I didn't want to take the money but he pressed it on me.
②Pressed(press) by my friends and relations, I decided to send my invention to the patent office to get recognition for my successful idea.
③(北京卷)I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.
④The police pressed her to_remember(remember) all the details.
[再写美]——句式升级
⑤(普通表达)As he was pressed by his family, he had to give up his dream of singing, and began to take over the family business.
(高级表达)Pressed_by_his_family,_he had to give up his dream of singing, and began to take over the family business.(名词短语作状语)
(1)press sth.on sb. 把(想法等)强加于某人；勉强某人接受
press...against... 把……压/贴在……上
press sb.to do sth. 极力劝说/敦促某人做某事
(2)pressure n. 压力
under pressure 在压力下；承受压力
put pressure on... 给……施加压力
[佳句背诵] Though I was under great pressure, I operated well in the contest and finally won first prize.
虽然我压力很大，但我在比赛中表现很好并最终赢得了一等奖。(浙江卷)
in addition 除此之外；另外
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.
②In addition to giving(give) you some tips，the course also provides some useful experience.
[再写美]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)I can't come.To begin with, I don't feel well.Besides, I don't have much money.
(高级表达)I can't come.To begin with, I don't feel well.In_addition/What's_more/Furthermore,_I don't have much money.
(1)in addition是副词词组，相当于besides、furthermore、what's more。
(2)in addition to意为“除……之外(还)”，是介词词组，相当于besides或as well as。
[佳句背诵] In addition, there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot.
此外，一些著名艺术家将会现场表演如何剪纸。(全国卷Ⅱ)
desire n．渴望，欲望；渴求；渴望的人或物 vt.希望得到；想要
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·北京卷满分作文)Since you desire to_learn(learn) Chinese culture, I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.
②We desire that immediate help (should)_be_given(give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.
③We all share a common desire for pleasure, connection, and something that is greater than us.
[再写美]——微写作
④(2019·北京卷满分作文)听到这个消息，我们非常兴奋，忍不住想参与其中。
On hearing the news, we were extremely excited and couldn't resist the_desire_to_take_part_in/be_involved_in_it.
迫切）想要做某事；（强烈）渴望得到某物
(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire for sth. 渴望得到某物
desire that...(should) do sth.
想要……做某事
[佳句背诵] She strongly desires for knowledge and wants to go to college very much.＝She has a strong desire for knowledge and wants to go to college very much. 她有强烈的求知欲，非常想上大学。
beyond prep.超越；超出；非……所能及；除……之外；在(或向)……较远的一边
adv.在另一边；在(或向)更远处
[先练会]——写出下列句中beyond的含义
①The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.在……另一边
②Some shops keep open beyond midnight.晚于；超过
③This problem is far beyond my comprehension.为……所不能及
④I know nothing of it beyond what he told me.除……之外
[再写美]——微写作
⑤风景是如此美丽，以至于几乎难以形容。
The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost beyond_description．
⑥她在昨天音乐会中的表演精彩绝伦。
Her performance at yesterday's concert was beyond_compare．
⑦他摸不着墙上的开关。
The switch on the wall is beyond_his_reach．
beyond sb.为某人所不能理解；超出某人的能力
beyond control/belief/doubt
无法控制/无法相信/毫无疑问
beyond description 无法描述
beyond comprehension 不可思议；令人费解
beyond one's reach 够不着；高不可攀
beyond one's power 是某人所不及的
beyond compare 无可比拟；非常好
[佳句背诵] To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.
被选为第一位接受此殊荣的人，我实在无法用语言来表达自己的感受。
significant adj.重要的；显著的
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Through participating in this picking activity，I have become aware of the significance(significant) of work.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly(significance) greater sense of belonging，a bond with others.
[再写美]——同义替换
③Timely encouragement from a teacher is very significant to his/her students.
→Timely encouragement from a teacher is_of_great_significance to his/her students.
(1)significance n. 重要性；意义
be of great significance (＝be very significant)非常重要
be of no significance 无意义，不重要
attach significance to 重视……
(2)significantly adv. 重要地
[佳句背诵] As is known to all, Chinese people attach great significance to good table manners.
众所周知，中国人非常重视餐桌礼仪。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
injure v.损害；伤害；损坏(名誉)；伤害(感情)
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The injured(injure) in the earthquake stricken area were quickly flown out for medical treatment.
②The library is functioning as a temporary hospital to cope with people injured(injure) in the earthquake.
③The two officers were extremely lucky to escape serious injury(injure).
[再写美]——微写作
④我的左脚受了重伤，不能按计划和你一起去了。
With_my_left_foot_seriously_injured,_I can't go with you as planned.
(1)injured adj. 受伤的
get injured 受伤
the injured 伤员
(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害
do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人
[佳句背诵] I was wearing a seatbelt at that time. If I hadn't been wearing one, I would have been injured. 我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。
cure v.治愈；治好；矫正，改正；解决 n．治疗；疗程；对策
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.
②There was once a guy who suffered from a cancer, one that can't be_cured(cure).
③The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to help cure him of his reading problem.
[再写美]——一句多译
治好她的病的那位医生非常有耐心。
④The doctor who cured_her_illness was very patient.
⑤The doctor who cured_her_of_her_illness was very patient.
(1)cure sb.of... 治愈某人的……；矫正某人的……
(2)a cure for... 针对……的治疗
[佳句背诵] (1)Parents should do what they can to cure their children of bad habit of playing computer games.
父母应尽力帮助孩子改掉上网玩游戏的坏习惯。
(2)The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage.
治疗衰老的唯一方法是找到修复损伤的方法。
declaration n.声明；宣告
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)Wuhan declared(declare) temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions on January 23.
②In September 1939，Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.
③It's a great pleasure for me to declare the speech contest open(open).
[再写美]——微写作
④李萍，我最好的朋友，竟然在会议上宣布反对我的建议。
Li Ping, my best friend, should_declare_against_my_suggestion at the meeting.
declare v. 宣告；宣布；声明；表明；宣称
declare...to be/as... 宣布……为……
declare war on/against... 向……宣战
declare for/against... 表示赞成/反对……
declare that... 宣布……
[佳句背诵] Many successful men declare that they owe their success to their good habits. 许多成功人士都宣称， 他们将成功归功于他们的良好习惯。
attach vt.附上；系上；重视 vi.与……有联系
[先练会]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①This hospital attached(attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. 附加
[再写美]——微写作
③是国家高度重视节能和环境保护的时候了。
It is high time that the country should attach_great_importance_to_energy_saving_and_environmental_protection．
(1)attach...to... 把……固定/附在……上
attach great importance/significance to sth.
认为……有重要性/意义
(2)attached adj. 依恋的
be attached to 附属于；依恋
[佳句背诵] Since the school attaches great importance to this tournament, I hope we can win a gold medal.
由于学校非常重视这次比赛，我希望我们能赢得一枚金牌。 (2019·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)
conduct v.组织，实施；传导；指挥；带领；引导；举止 n．行为，举止；管理方法；经营方式
[先练会]——写出下列句中conduct的词性及含义
①Our guide conducted us round the whole tourist attraction.v.带领
②He asked me if all the metals conduct electricity.v.传导
③She explained her conduct to her boss.n.行为，举止
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example，discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.v.组织，实施
[再写美]——微写作
⑤无论你身在何处，最重要的是要注意举止。
No matter where you are, it is the most important to conduct_yourself．
conduct sb.to sp. 带领某人去某地
conduct oneself 举止，表现
[佳句背诵] A new study about DNA Test conducted by some researchers last month appeared in the foreign medical field.
上个月，一些研究人员进行的一项关于DNA检测的新研究发表在国外医学界。
[名师点津] conduct作名词时无论用于哪种意思均不可数，不连用不定冠词，也不用复数。
find＋宾语＋宾补
(教材原句) And now，we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
现在我们发现自己处于伟大的新技术时代。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2021·浙江卷1月)When he woke up and found himself alone (lone), the 4 year old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him—so he got on.
②(2018·浙江卷6月)After wandering in the forest, we found ourselves lost(lose) in a strange path.
③After I arrived in my company, I found a number of people already working(work) there.
[再写美]——微写作
④(2019·北京卷满分作文)当我在农田里干活的时候，我发现烈日下在田地里干农活是很艰辛的。
While working in the farmyard, I found_it_very_hard_to_work in the fields under a hot sun.
(1)find＋宾语＋
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do...(it是形式宾语，to do...是真正的宾语)
[佳句背诵] (1)Now the concept of “Scholarly Campus” is so well received that you can find students reading books all over the campus.
现在，“书香校园”的概念很受欢迎，你会发现整个校园里到处都是学生在读书。
(2)Many parents find it hard to relate to their children when they are teenagers.
许多父母发现在孩子十几岁的时候很难相处。
[学生用书P113]
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2019·天津卷)Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script(剧本), or documentary highlights. n．草稿
2．(2018·天津卷)“There's some really good stuff up there.” She stepped down, looking confused. n．艺术作品
3．(2018·江苏卷)In Dallas, one dollar invested in arts could harvest an extraordinary return of nearly $300. adj.意想不到的
4．(2018·北京卷)In order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail. n．程序；步骤
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．Your son's really shot up since we last saw him.v.迅速成长
2．He grabbed my purse, opened it and stuffed it full, then gave it back to me.v.把……装满
3．The countryside flashed past the train windows.v.掠过
4．The press is not allowed to attend the trial.n.新闻界
5．(湖南卷) Although the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.adj.大量的；相当数量的
Ⅲ.一词多义
1. 根据语境选出shoot的词性及含义
A．v.射击；发射 B．v.冲；奔 C．v.拍摄；摄影
D．v.射门 E．n.幼苗；嫩枝
(1)The guards were ordered to shoot on sight anyone trying to escape.__A__
(2)He should have shot instead of passing in this match.__D__
(3)They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them.__B__
(4)Prune established plants annually as new shoots appear.__E__
(5)He'd love to shoot his film in Cuba but gave up because of insufficient budget.__C__
2. 根据语境选出press的词性及含义
A．n.记者；新闻界 B．n.挤压 C．v.压；挤；按
D．v.催促；逼迫 E．v.推搡着移动
(1)The photographers pressed around the royal visitors.__E__
(2)If pressed, he will admit that he knew about the affair.__D__
(3)The press conference to be held tomorrow will draw people's general attention to the new vaccine.__A__
(4)Don't press the red button, or you will set off the alarm.__C__
(5)A TV will rise from a table at the press of a button.__B__
提能训练二 话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)
1．补全要点句
①毫无疑问，科技取得了巨大进步，它与我们的日常生活息息相关。(no doubt, make advances)
No_doubt technology has_made_great_advances and it is closely related to our daily life.
②例如，石墨烯(graphene)电池的发明很好地解决了新能源汽车行驶里程短的问题。(for instance, battery)
For_instance,_the_invention_of_graphene_battery solves the problem of short driving distance of new energy vehicles.
③现在，世界各地的化学家、生物学家进行了一系列的科学实验，试图找到解决癌症的方法。(chemist, biologist, conduct, scientific, experiment, cure)
Now, chemists_and_biologists all over the world have_conducted_a_series_of_scientific_experiments,_trying to find a_cure_for_cancer．
④这个问题解决之后，人类的生活质量将大大提高。(with复合结构)
With_this_problem_solved,_the quality of human life will be greatly improved.
⑤除此之外，中国的天文学家已经建造了世界最大的天文望远镜，这对于探索宇宙的起源有重要意义。(in addition, astronomer, significant, origin)
In_addition,_Chinese_astronomers have built the world's largest astronomical telescope, which is of_great_significance_for_exploring_the_origin_of_the_universe．
⑥多亏科技的快速发展，我们的未来会更美好。(thanks to)
Thanks_to_the_rapid_development of science and technology, our future will be better.
2．升级平淡句
⑦将句①用there is no doubt that ...和过去分词短语作后置定语改写
There__is_no_doubt_that___technology_closely_related_to_our_daily_life_has_made_great_advances.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in short)
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
There is no doubt that technology closely related to our daily life has made great advances.For instance, the invention of graphene battery solves the problem of short driving distance of new energy vehicles.Now, chemists and biologists all over the world have conducted a series of scientific experiments, trying to find a cure for cancer.With this problem solved, the quality of human life will be greatly improved.In addition, Chinese astronomers have built the world's largest astronomical telescope, which is of great significance for exploring the origin of the universe.In short, thanks to the rapid development of science and technology, our future will be better.
提能训练三 读后续写15
Ⅰ.选词填空(介绍伟大人物的事迹)
failed to, undertaking, leading, take a rest, advanced age, comes to the fore, battling, appointed, busy schedule, inform
In the fight against the SARS epidemic, Zhong Nanshan became a hero in the hearts of many Chinese people for his courage in 1.undertaking responsibility. Today, this hero 2.comes_to_the_fore once again and continues to reassure people while the nation is 3.battling the COVID 19.
As a 4.leading Chinese respiratory (呼吸科的) expert, Zhong was 5.appointed the head of the expert team to support Wuhan. Despite his 6.advanced_age,_he took on the task without any hesitation.
Due to heavy traffic, Zhong 7.failed_to book any airline or high speed train tickets. Instead, he had to settle for a temporary seat in the dining cab of an overnight train. Even so, he didn't 8.take_a_rest that day and studied the information along the long and tiresome trip.
After his arrival, he maintained his 9.busy_schedule. Apart from numerous meetings, Zhong also worked as a messenger to 10.inform the public of the latest situation, which effectively stopped the public's panic. From him, we learned an important lesson—morale (士气), solidarity (团结) and cooperation are very important.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(勇于尝试)
1．“You will never know what you are capable of unless you give it a try.” encouraged my dad.
2．There were my friends, cheering like crazy, which brought tears to my eyes. I waved back and gave them a determined look, the one saying I would never quit.
A卷——小题夯基练[学生用书P391(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．This country declares(宣布) it has the best medical technology in the world, but quite a lot of its people have no access to health care service.
2．The book didn't appeal to children probably because the author employed too many scientific(科学的) terms in it.
3．We would have put John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury(受伤)．
4．My appearance has not altered significantly(显著地) since I was a child.
5．When you talk about a person's origin(身世), you are referring to the country, race, or social class of their parents or ancestors.
6．No sooner had he got to the lab than he set out to do the experiment(实验)．
7．It is very important for English teachers to have a knowledge of the theories(理论) of language acquisition.
8．Only by watching how each raindrop comes down in a stream(小溪) can you understand how it takes many small accomplishments to realize a dream.
9．When you use up all the electricity in the battery(电池), the phone stops working until you recharge it.
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific(science) research.
2．The woman conductor(conduct) kindly responded to my question.
3．(天津卷)One day，mentally(mental) exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.
4．(全国卷Ⅱ)Once I had a boy who worked experimentally(experiment) with Tinkertoys in his free time.
5．It is desirable(desire) that interest rates should be reduced.
6．We will look into the subject of compensating you for your injury(injure)．
7．Don't put so much pressure(press) on the children.It's harmful to their health.
8．Children who always play truant (逃学) at my school are very much in the minority(minor)．
9．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)It is at 9 am that the music festival will be_declared(declare) open.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．He desired to_bring(bring) the so called new four inventions back to his home country.
2．A month before my first marathon，one of my ankles was_injured(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks，leaving me only two weeks to train.
3．(浙江卷)To return to the problem of water pollution，I'd like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.
4．When she got home，she found herself attached(attach) to that school.
5．I was under pressure from my parents to become a teacher.
6．He desires that she (should)_go(go) to see him at once.
7．The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．看见她在屋里读书是常事。
It is quite common to find_her_reading_books_in_her_room．
2．我不确定她是否有能力协助我们完成那个项目。
I'm not sure whether she is_capable_of_aiding_us_to_complete_the_project．
3．男孩在跑步时受伤了。后来老医生治好了他的伤。
The boy got injured while running and later the old doctorcured_him_of_his_injury．
4．All the students present desire to go to a key university.
→All the students present desire_that_they_(should)go_to_a_key_university．(宾语从句)
→All the students present have_a_strong_desire_to_go_to_a_key_university．(desire n．)
5．裁判宣布他是比赛的获胜者。
(1)The judge declared_him_to_be_the_winner of the competition.(简单句)
(2)The judge declared_that_he_was_the_winner of the competition.(复合句)
B卷——大题提能练[学生用书P392(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021·济宁一中考前冲刺)What do you do when nobody is around to take your picture You take a selfie (拍照)．But what about selfies in space On Twitter last year, NASA astronaut Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, who famously became the second man to walk on the moon in July 1969, laid claim to a spaceflight first：taking the first selfie in space during the Gemini XⅡ mission in 1966.
“For me, it needs to be digital to be selfie，” argues Jennifer Levasseur, who is in charge of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.According to Levasseur, the concept of a selfie is directly linked to Internet culture and human desire to interact on social platforms.“The thing that makes a selfie is sharing it，” she says.
Still, astronauts have been carrying cameras abroad space vehicles since the 1960s, and they've taken plenty of pictures of themselves along the way.Astronauts had to pull the film magazines out and leave their cameras behind when they returned to Earth because early space missions were restricted by a conservative weight limit on the return trip.
A big change in space camera technology came after sad loss of the space shuttle Columbia who broke apart on its return to Earth in 2003.“Fearing that they would never be able to bring the film back from space and lose all that hard work accelerated the push for digital，” Levasseur says.
Today astronauts can have access to the Internet and social platforms in space and post true based selfies taken by digital cameras.Taking selfies and sharing them on social media is a way that astronauts in space can participate in the same activities people on Earth do every day.The first astronaut selfie that went viral (走红) on the internet was one by Japanese astronaut Akihiko Hoshide in 2012.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述在太空中如何自拍，自拍后如何处理，还有以前太空自拍和现在自拍的异同比较。
1．Why were cameras left in space on early space missions
A．To lighten the load of the spaceship.
B．To test cameras under extreme conditions.
C．To prepare for the next stage of space exploration.
D．To take more pictures in space by remote control.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“leave their cameras behind when they returned to Earth because early space missions were restricted by a conservative weight limit on the return trip(在早期执行太空任务时返回地球前把他们的相机留在太空，因为那时在返程中严格限制体重极限)”可知是为了减轻宇宙飞船的装载重量。故选A。
2．What advanced space camera technology
A．The invention of new films.
B．The fear of falling behind in the space race.
C．The concern about the loss of valuable data.
D．The popularity of space selfies on social media.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Fearing that they would never be able to bring the film back from space and lose all that hard work accelerated the push for digital(担心他们会再也不能从太空带回那些珍贵的影像资料和担心失去所有努力工作的成果推动了数码技术的发展)”可知是担心失去宝贵的数据。故选C。
3．What is the best title for the text
A．The Exploration of Space
B．The History of Selfies in Space
C．The Change in Space Camera Technology
D．The Development in Space Technology
B 解析：标题归纳题。第一段讲1966年人类拍的第一张太空自拍照；第二段讲自拍需要数码技术才行；第四段讲太空数码照相技术的发展，太空照相技术迎来大变革；最后一段讲现在太空宇航员可以在社交平台和网络上实时分享太空自拍照。综合以上可知，文章主要讲述了太空自拍的历史。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·四川泸州一模)By definition, most people are average.Average is what everyone else does.If you want to succeed, you must go beyond average.So, how do you choose not to be average Here are 5 ways to choose not to be average：
·Have goals.Average doesn't have goals.Average doesn't write them down.1.________ Make sure you have clearly defined goals and that you do something daily to move them forward.
·Go above and beyond.2.________ Average does what is expected and stops there.Go beyond people's expectations and surprise them with results.
·Push yourself.Average likes easy.Average doesn't push limits.3.________ Always be testing your limits to reach new ones.
·4.________ Average likes comfortable.Average likes the well worn path that is easy to follow.Average is where everyone else goes.Make your own path if you don't want to end up with everyone else.
·Try new things.Average doesn't like change.Average likes the status quo (现状)．Always be willing to try new things in order to learn and grow.
Life is too short to be average.5.________ Choose to be more.Choose to be something better.Choose to be above average.
A．Make your own path.
B．You are stronger than you think.
C．You have many chances to enjoy yourself.
D．Believe you have reasons to choose to be average.
E．Average does just enough to get by and nothing more.
F．Ask yourself if you are settling for the same as everyone else.
G．And average doesn't make progress every single day without excuses.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章针对如何不成为普通人给出了五种方法。
1．G 解析：根据上文中的“Average doesn't have goals.Average doesn't write them down.(普通人没有目标。普通人不会把它们写下来)”可知该空承接上文，G选项“普通人也不会没有理由就每天都进步。”切题，故选G。
2．E 解析：根据下文中的“Average does what is expected and stops there.(普通人只会做预期的事，并且停滞不前)”可知该空引出下文，E选项“普通人做事情尚可就满足了而不会做得更多。”切题，故选E。
3．B 解析：根据上文中的“Average likes easy.Average doesn't push limits.(普通人喜欢简单。普通人不会挑战极限)”及下文中的“Always be testing your limits to reach new ones.(不断挑战自己的极限，达到新的极限)”可知该空承上启下，B选项“你比你想象的更强大。”切题，故选B。
4．A 解析：这一段主要讲了走自己的路，A选项“走你自己的路。”切题，故选A。
5．F 解析：根据上文中的“Life is too short to be average.(生命太过短暂，不要只做普通人)”及下文中的“Choose to be more.(选择做更多)”可知该空承上启下，F选项“如果你正勉强接受和别人一样的生活，那就问问你自己。”切题，故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021·青岛模拟)Most of us go through some hardships in life.But few things match the __1__brought upon people by the genocide (种族灭绝)of Jews during World War Ⅱ and it's still __2__ people nowadays.Luckily, today's story has a happy __3__ for two men and their families.The two cousins __4__ got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．
Morris and Simon were best friends as kids __5__ the Nazis invaded their country Romania.However, their families lost __6__ as they didn't flee the country together.Both grew up believing the other died.Until some time ago their children __7__ the two families on Facebook.
Morris' niece came across Simon's daughter while __8__ for relatives online only to find out that Simon is __9__ in the UK.Morris settles in Israel.It took some time but they organized a __10__ for the two long lost men in Tel Aviv, Israel.Someone recorded a video of this emotional meeting and __11__ it online, leaving people all over the world __12__．
__13__ the fact that both men are in their 80's, they plan to keep in touch and see each other often, reconstructing the beautiful __14__ they had as children.And it will surely not __15__ with time.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个老人在75年后再续从前的友谊的故事。因为纳粹的入侵莫里斯和西蒙这两个儿时的好朋友被迫离开家园，从此分离，再也没有联系，而且都以为对方已经过世。一次偶然的机会，他们的下一代得知对方都还活着，所以在以色列让他们重聚。两位老人虽然已经80岁，但决定以后都保持联系，并且经常见面。
1．A.gains B．embarrassment
C．sufferings D．hope
C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是几乎没有什么能够比得上二战给犹太人带来种族灭绝的那种苦难，这种苦难现在仍然影响着人们。gain意为“收获”，embarrassment意为“尴尬”，suffering意为“苦难”，hope意为“希望”。根据上文的“Most of us go through some hardships in life.”可知此处用“苦难”符合语境，hardship和suffering是同义词复现，故选C。
2．A.encouraging B．reaching
C．leading D．affecting
D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是几乎没有什么能够比得上二战给犹太人带来种族灭绝的那种苦难，这种苦难现在仍然影响着人们。encourage意为“鼓励”，reach意为“达到”，lead意为“通向”，affect意为“影响”。结合常识可知，纳粹给犹太人带来的苦难影响了他们几代人，故选D。
3．A.ending B．plot
C．background D．design
A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，今天的故事对于两个人和他们的家人来说有一个幸福的结局。ending意为“结局”，plot意为“情节”，background意为“背景”，design意为“设计”。根据下文的“The two cousins ______got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．”可知两兄弟在75年后见面了，这是个幸福的结局，故选A。
4．A.hurriedly B．eventually
C．suddenly D．unwillingly
B 解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：自大屠杀期间分别，这两兄弟最终在75年后见面了。hurriedly意为“匆忙地”，eventually意为“最终”，suddenly意为“突然”，unwillingly意为“不乐意地”。根据下文的“after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)”可知此处用“最终”符合语境，故选B。
5．A.since B．before
C．but D．though
B 解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：在纳粹入侵他们的国家罗马尼亚前，莫里斯和西蒙从小就是最好的朋友。since意为“自从”，before意为“之前”，but意为“但是”，though意为“尽管”。根据下文“they didn't flee the country together”可知他们后来分开了，所以此处讲述的纳粹入侵之前的事情，故选B。
6．A.contact B．relation
C．news D．approach
A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而他们的家人失去了联系，因为他们没有一起逃出罗马尼亚。contact意为“联系”，relation意为“关系”，news意为“新闻”，approach意为“方法、途径”。根据下文的“they didn't flee the country together”可知此处用“失去联系”符合语境，故选A。
7．A.found B．responded
C．called D．reconnected
D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到不久前他们的孩子在脸书上重新联系到两个家庭。find意为“发现”，respond意为“回答”，call意为“打电话”，reconnect意为“重新联系”。根据下文的“they plan to keep in touch and see each other often”可知两个老人取得了联系，由此推测，他们的孩子使两个家庭重新联系上了，故选D。
8．A.searching B．asking
C．hoping D．waiting
A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：莫里斯的侄女在网上搜索亲人时偶遇了西蒙的女儿，意外发现西蒙还活着，就住在英国。search意为“搜索”，ask意为“请求”，hope意为“希望”，wait意为“等待”。根据上文的Facebook和下文的online可知此处用“搜索”符合语境，故选A。
9．A.happy B．sociable
C．alive D．safe
C 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莫里斯的侄女在网上搜索亲人时偶遇了西蒙的女儿，意外发现西蒙还活着，就住在英国。happy意为“快乐的”，sociable意为“合群的”，alive意为“活着的”，safe意为“安全的”。根据上文的“Both grew up believing the other died.”可知此处用“活着的”符合语境，die和alive是反义词复现，故选C。
10．A.party B．dinner
C．reunion D．travel
C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管费了一些时间，他们仍然为这两位失去联系多年的老人在以色列的特拉维夫组织了一次重聚。party意为“聚会”，dinner意为“晚餐”，reunion意为“重聚”，travel意为“旅行”。根据上文的the two long lost men可知此处用“重聚”符合语境，故选C。
11．A.mailed B．shared
C．donated D．supplied
B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人用视频记录下了这个充满感情的会面，并分享到了网上，让全世界流下了感动的泪水。mail意为“邮寄”，share意为“分享”，donate意为“捐赠”，supply意为“提供”。根据下文的it online可知，此处是指把视频分享到了网上，故选B。
12．A.in silence B．in doubt
C．in panic D．in tears
D 解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：有人用视频记录下了这个充满感情的会面，并分享到了网上，让全世界流下了感动的泪水。in silence意为“安静地”，in doubt意为“怀疑地”，in panic意为“恐慌地”，in tears意为“流着泪”。结合上下文可知，此处是指两个老人75年后重聚的场面让人们流下了感动的泪水，故选D。
13．A.Despite B．Beyond
C．Though D．In case of
A 解析：考查介词(短语)、连词词义辨析。句意：尽管两位老人都80岁了，但他们打算保持联系，并且经常见面，重建他们儿时美好的友谊。despite意为“尽管”，beyond意为“超过”，though意为“尽管”，in case of意为“以防”。结合上下文可知，此处是指尽管年龄很大了，但两位老人还是决定要保持联系。though也有此意，但它是连词，而此处需要介词，故选A。
14．A.wishes B．understanding
C．friendship D．ideas
C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管两位老人都80岁了，但他们打算保持联系，并且经常见面，重建他们儿时美好的友谊。wish意为“愿望”，understanding意为“理解”，friendship意为“友谊”，idea意为“主意”。根据上文的“Morris and Simon were best friends as kids”可知此处用“友谊”符合语境，故选C。
15．A.pass B．come
C．show D．decline
D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：并且他们的友谊肯定不会随着时光的流逝而衰退。pass意为“经过”，come意为“来”，show意为“展示”，decline意为“消退”。结合上下文可知，两位老人的友谊在75年后还保持不变，那么在将来也不会随着时间而消退，故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2021·四川绵阳一模)Li Na is recognized with the highest honor in her profession.She became the first Asian born player 1.____________(head) to the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2019.
It cannot cover all 2.____________ Li endured to reach the top of the tennis world.As for her, it means everything—the 3.____________(tear), the tough times, and the pain.Everything 4.____________(pay) back.
Tennis has been a dynamic stage for some of the most 5.____________(influence) people in sports and society, from Arthur Ashe to Serena Williams.Li Na is a worthy member of that Hall—a modest woman from China, whose impact in Asia is the 6.____________(great)．
When Li, began playing tennis at 8, most people in China did not even know what the sport was.But when she 7.____________(win) the 2011 French Open to become China's first Grand Slam (大满贯) singles champion, 116 million people in her country watched 8.____________ final on television.Before that, people thought Asian players were not suitable 9.____________ tennis.Li Na, with her 10.____________(determine)and pioneering courage, made people realize it is reachable.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网球名将李娜的努力和取得的成就以及她的影响。
1．to head 解析：考查非谓语动词。“the first ＋名词”后跟不定式作后置定语，故填to head。
2．that 解析：考查定语从句。先行词为all，在定语从句中作endured的宾语，所以用that引导定语从句。
3．tears 解析：考查名词的单复数。表示眼泪常用复数，故填tears。
4．has been paid 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。描述对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时，句子主语和pay之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为Everything，所以用第三人称单数，故填has been paid。
5．influential 解析：考查形容词。形容词作定语修饰名词，故填influential。
6．greatest 解析：考查形容词的最高级。空处作表语，前面有定冠词the，所以用形容词的最高级，故填greatest。
7．won 解析：考查动词的时态。指2011年，所以用一般过去时，故填won。
8．the 解析：考查冠词。特指决赛，所以用定冠词，故填the。
9．for 解析：考查介词。be suitable for意为“适合于”，故填for。
10．determination 解析：考查名词。此处与空后的名词词组pioneering courage并列作介词with的宾语，用名词形式，且其为不可数名词，故填determination。
写作新题型(五)[学生用书P394(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2021·浙江台州质检)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友史蒂文(Steve)被当地一所孔子学院录取，即将入学，不知道如何做学业方面的准备。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示祝贺；
2.你的建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：孔子学院 the Confucius Institute
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Dear Steve，
I'm delighted to learn that you've been admitted into the Confucius Institute.Congratulations! Here, I'd like to share how to get prepared for the coming study there.
First, you need to enlarge your Chinese vocabulary, thus potentially helping you better fit into the class.Also, some knowledge of Confucius will surely help you catch a glimpse of his thoughts and ideas, which are deeply rooted in the Chinese culture but quite different from what you hold.
I hope you'll harvest a lot in the Confucius Institute and hopefully be a man with a global vision.May everything go well with you!
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, I always knew my parents had trouble with money.We would go to yard sales all the time, buy everyday supplies at Dollarama and work and eat at a soup kitchen four nights a week.
Then, a new man walked into the soup kitchen and asked me what my name was and where I lived.As I told him that my name was Angela and what our address was, my mom handed me the soup spoon and hair net (发网) to start getting to work.After that, I couldn't find the strange man again.I searched everywhere for him and even asked the other men and women in the kitchen if they had seen him.My mom thought I was going crazy, saying that there was no one with me when she came to hand me my stuff.She said I had been sitting alone and that it seemed I was talking to myself.
Later that night in the car, my mom was crying.I asked her what was wrong and she told me that the rent on our apartment had gone up and that my grandma had died.She didn't know how she was going to pay for the funeral and the rent.I guaranteed that I would help pick up the odds and ends (杂事) before she made as much as possible.
The moment we got into the apartment building, she asked me to run to the mail room and grab the mail.I went and the only thing I could find was one single envelope.A familiar man called me back saying he thought I left something in our mailbox.I reached in and pulled out a huge envelope but I couldn't tell what was in it.
I brought the envelopes up to my mom.She opened the first one and found our first super expensive rent bill.She then walked into her room, saying she couldn't handle to open the other one.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I looked at the envelope and saw this: Dear Angela and Family.Love, Your Friend.________________________________________________________________________
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I had a feeling all of a sudden that I knew who had sent it._________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
I looked at the envelope and saw this: Dear Angela and Family.Love, Your Friend.I brought it to my mom with shaking hands and asked her to open it.She tore it open and looked inside, tears streaming down her face.She emptied the contents onto the bed.There before my eyes were countless checks addressed to my mom.I stood still, shocked and puzzled.
I had a feeling all of a sudden that I knew who had sent it.Somehow I didn't want to tell my mom, thinking that she wouldn't believe me.Then an idea came to me.The next night, we went to eat at the soup kitchen, where the strange and familiar man just came into my sight.I told my mom that he was the very sender and man I had come across that night.Full of gratitude, my mom went up to him.
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