Unit 5 What an adventure！
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。
□1.initial adj. □2.border n.
□3.confirm v. □4.alcohol n.
□5.rubber n. □6.cotton n.
□7.guideline n. □8.stretch v.
□9.captain n. □10.chapter n.
□11.nut n. □12.ray n.
□13.carpet n. □14.beneath prep.
□15.bleeding n. □16.unaware adj.
□17.resident n．
[自主核对区]
1．开始的，最初的 2.边界，国界
3．证实，证明 4.酒精
5．橡胶，合成橡胶 6.棉花，棉布，棉纱
7．指导方针，指导原则 8.延伸，绵延
9．船长 10.章节
11．坚果(仁) 12.光线，光束
13．地毯 14.在……之下
15．流血，失血 16.未察觉到的，未意识到的
17．居民，住户
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
[辨词义·写词形]
1．thus adv. 因此，从而
2．shore n. 岸，滨
3．port n. 港，港口
4．male n. 雄性动物
5．cloth n. 布
6．liquid n. 液体，液态物
7．depth n. 深，深度
[入语境·重活用]
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Over 300 years its population grew gradually(逐渐地) from 800 people to 8 million.
2．(浙江卷)Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone(地区), and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.
3．(北京卷)Without oxygen(氧气), the brain is damaged quickly.
4．The hills rise green and sheer above the broad(宽的) river.
5．At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged(收费)．
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．crowd n．人群，观众 vt.挤满，使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
2．attempt n．努力，尝试，企图 vt.尝试，企图→attempted adj.未遂的
3．failure n．失败(者)→ fail v．失败，不及格
4．permit v．许可，允许，准许→permission n．许可，允许
5．relate v．有关联，联系，把……联系起来→relation n．关系；亲戚→relationship n．关联，关系→related adj.相关的，有联系的
6．astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的→astonished adj.感到十分惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶，惊异
7．consume vt.消费；消耗，耗尽，吃完→consumer n．消费者，用户，消耗者→consumption n．消耗(量)
8．distinguish v．显示……的差别，使……有所不同；看清，认出，辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的；高贵的；有尊严的
9．wool n．羊毛，毛织物→woolen adj.羊毛的，羊毛制的 n．毛织品,[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Whether a student likes a subject or not, is normally related to the relationship/relation between him and his teacher.(relate)
2．In some tourist spots, you are not permitted to take photos without permission．(permit)
3．To my astonishment, he didn't feel astonished at the astonishing news that his brother died at all.(astonish)
4．The air conditioners of this type consume too much electricity. Many consumers complain about this.(consume)
5．He attempted to kill his wife but failed.He was arrested for attempted murder.(attempt)
6．During Christmas shopping, the crowd poured in, making the shop very crowde D．(crowd)
7．Although he failed many times, he didn't admit he was a failure. He would face the challenge bravely and tried to achieve his goal.(fail)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．bring...into focus 使……成为焦点
2．in broad daylight 在大白天
3．turn around 转身
4．set sail 启航
5．figure out 弄明白
6．result in 导致
7．stand for 代表
8．put up 搭起
9．look back upon 回顾
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．(全国卷Ⅱ)In China, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck.
2．Before it got dark, the camper put up their tent in a field.
3．The following week the Queen Elizabeth set sail for Jamaica.
4．It was this accident that brought those volunteers into focus．
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.表示两性的形容词①male雄性的—female 雌性的②positive阳性的—negative 阴性的 2.“长、宽、高、深”各不同①long→length 长②wide→width 宽③high→height 高④deep→depth 深 3.四个让人“着迷” 的短语①be addicted to 对……上瘾②be keen on 热衷于③be crazy about 对……着迷④be fascinated with/by 对……着迷
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea. 瓦斯科·达·伽马是一个葡萄牙探险家，也是第一个从海上到达印度的欧洲人。 “the first...to do...”意为“第一(个)做……” 1.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)雪正在融化时，梅树是最先开花的。The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting.
Once the wound is cleaned and dry，cover it with a bandage.一旦伤口被清理和干燥了，用绷带包上。 “once”意为“一旦”，引导时间状语从句 2.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)一把他的口信传出去，他就让我留下来看。Once his message was delivered, he allowed me to stay and watch.
续 表
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Captain Nemo walked in front，one of his men following some steps behind.尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下在后面几步处跟着。 独立主格结构 3.有这么能干的人来帮你，你迟早一定会成功的。Such an able man to help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.
Conseil and I remained near each other, as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.康塞尔和我仍然离得很近，就好像通过我们的金属箱说几句话是可能的。 “as if”意为“好像……” 4.(全国卷Ⅰ)当脂肪和盐分从食物中去除时，食物尝起来好像缺少了什么。When fat and salt are removed from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.
crowd n．群；人群，观众 v．拥挤
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The crowd move/moves(move) on，and no one tries to stop it/them．
②Fortunately，they got on the crowded(crowd) train.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The area is home to large crowds(crowd) of birds that come to stay for the season.
④Half an hour before the performance began，the hall was already crowded with audience.
[再写美]——微写作
⑤(2020·天津卷7月)我们不再挑战传统。我们只是随大流。
We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crow D．
⑥人们成群结队涌上街头。
Crowds/A crowd of people poured into the street.
(1)follow the crowd 随大流
a crowd/crowds of 一群
(2)crowded adj. 拥挤的
be crowded with 挤满……
[佳句背诵] People from all the corners came to the city center, making it very crowded.
人们从各处来到城市中心，使这里变得很拥挤。
[名师点津] (1)crowd意为“人群，观众”时，为集合名词，若用作主语，谓语动词用单复数均可。
(2)汉语可说“拥挤的交通”，但英语不可以说crowded traffic，而是busy/heavy traffic。
attempt n．& v．企图，试图；尝试，努力
[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①(2020·江苏卷)When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents attempted to find(find) a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives.
②(2020·浙江卷7月)Some time after 10，000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control(control) the world they lived in，through agriculture.
③If you fail at the first attempt(如果你第一次尝试失败了), there is no need to care about that.
[再写美]——微写作
④(2018·北京卷满分作文)由于每个外国学生都试着自己泡茶，整个茶馆很快活跃起来了。
Soon the tea room became lively with every foreign student attempting to make their own tea．
(1)attempt to do sth. 企图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth
试图做某事
at the first/second...attempt
第一/二……次尝试
[佳句背诵] Personally speaking, parents are making an attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require.
就个人而言，父母试图通过给予他们的孩子任何他们需要的东西来保护他们。
[名师点津] “努力做某事；企图做某事”的其他表达形式：
(1)try to do sth.；(2)seek to do sth.；(3)intend to do sth.
failure n．衰退，衰竭；失败，失败的人(事)；故障
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①We were confused by his failure to answer(answer) the letter.
②It was evident that the policy was a failure.
③Failure(fail) to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty in selling their products.
[再写美]——微写作
④如果你不听我的建议，你最终会失败的。
You'll end in failure if you don't follow my advice.
⑤他考试又失败了。依我看来，与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。
He failed in the exam again.In my view，he was more lazy than stupid.
(1)end in failure 以失败告终
a failure 一个失败的人，一件失败的事
(2)fail v. 失败；未能
fail to do... 未能做……
fail in... 在……失败
[佳句背诵] All of my efforts ended in failure.That is，I was a failure as a businessman.
我所有的努力都以失败告终，即作为商人我是一个失败者。
[名师点津] failure后可接不定式作定语，但不接of doing...。
charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电；负责 n．费用；主管
[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子
①Charged(charge) with acting dishonestly in her business，she was in low spirits.
② I wonder how much you will charge us for the six week course(你六周的课程要收我们多少钱)．
③The company is in the charge of Tom(由汤姆负责) while the boss is away.
[再写美]——一句多译
他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。
④The programme can't be in the charge of him because it is beyond his ability.
⑤He can't take charge of the programme because it is beyond his ability.
⑥He can't be in charge of the programme because it is beyond his ability.
(1)in charge of 掌握；负责
in the charge of 在……掌管之下；由……负责
take charge of 负责，掌管
free of charge 免费
(2)charge sb. for sth. 因……向某人收费
charge sb. with sth. 控告某人某事
[佳句背诵] We held a series of activities, a few of which were in the charge of English students.
我们举办了一系列的活动，其中一些是由英语系的学生负责的。(天津卷)
[名师点津] (1)in charge of往往用人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”；
(2)in the charge of往往用物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。
permit v．允许，许可，准许 n．通行证，许可证；执照
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Without a driver's permit，you are not permitted to drive(drive)a car.
②The visitors are reminded that the museum doesn't permit smoking(smoke)．
[再写美]——一句多译
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)如果时间允许的话，我的确希望你来参加今年的音乐节。
③If time permits, I do hope you will attend this year's music festival.(if引导的条件状语从句)
④Time permitting, I do hope you will attend this year's music festival.(独立主格结构)
(1)permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)permission n. [U]允许；许可
without permission 未经允许
[佳句背诵] My parents permitted me to visit the British Museum and other places of interest as long as I could make progress in English. 只要我的英语有进步，父母就允许我参观大英博物馆和其他名胜古迹。
[名师点津] 类似用法荟萃：
(1)allow doing sth./sb. to do sth. 允许(某人)做某事
(2)forbid doing sth./sb. to do sth. 禁止(某人)做某事
(3)advise doing sth./sb. to do sth. 建议(某人)做某事
relate v．有关，涉及；使联系
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Deeply related to the matters，he has to answer all the related questions.(relate)
②Your statement doesn't relate well to the facts, so most of us are against it.
③Facing the problem which major I should take, I am writing to you to learn about the related(relate) information.
④Relations(relate) between the two countries have improved recently.
[再写美]——词汇升级
⑤(普通表达)I have nothing to say about that matter.
(高级表达)I have nothing to say in relation to that matter.
(1)relate...to... 把……和……联系起来
relate to 涉及，和……相关；谈到；理解
(2)relation n. 关系，联系；亲属
in relation to 关于；与……相比
(3)related adj. 有关的，相关的
be related to 与……有关的
[佳句背诵] I accumulated some related experience as I worked part time in a travel agency.
我在一家旅行社兼职工作时积累了一些相关经验。(2018·浙江卷6月)
astonish v．使十分惊讶，使吃惊
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Lindsey's husband was totally astonished(astonish) by the unexpected visit.
②Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing(astonish) ways.
[再写美]——句式升级
(普通表达)To my astonishment, she didn't care about my feelings.
③(高级表达)She didn't care about my feelings, which astonished me．(定语从句)
④(高级表达)It was astonishing that she didn't care about my feelings.(it作形式主语)
⑤(高级表达)What astonished me was that she didn't care about my feelings.(what引导主语从句)
(1)It astonishes sb. that... 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的
It is astonishing that... 令人感到惊讶的是……
(3)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at... 对……感到惊讶
(4)astonishment n. 惊讶
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
[佳句背诵] He was astonished to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.
他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去的十年里发生了多么大的变化。
[名师点津] “使某人非常惊讶的是”表达荟萃：
much to one's surprise/amazement/astonishment
distinguish v．区分，辨别，分清；显示……的差别，使……有所不同
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(江苏卷)They can even distinguish their mother's voice from that of a female stranger.
②Our Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage.
③They have distinguished themselves as dedicated social workers.
[再写美]——词汇/句式升级
④(普通表达)Mount Tai is famous for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture, which attracts visitors all over the world.
(高级表达)Mount Tai is distinguished for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture, attracting visitors all over the worl D．(分词短语作状语),(1)distinguish between A and B 区分A和B
distinguish...from... 把……与……区分开来
distinguish oneself as/to be... 作为……而出名
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的
be distinguished for/as... 因/作为……而出名
[佳句背诵] Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong.
阅读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。
[名师点津] “因……而出名”的其他表达形式：
(1)be famous for；(2)be well known for
surround vt.包围，围绕，环绕
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Surrounding yourself with people who'll provide you with support can be very beneficial.
②(2020·浙江卷7月)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded(surround) by a high wire fence.
③Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings(surround)．
[再写美]——微写作
④总之，欢迎你来我们学校并希望你能很快适应新环境。
In a word, you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new surroundings soon.
(1)surround...with... 用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的
surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物
[佳句背诵] People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环绕。
“the first...to do...”意为“第一(个)做……”
(教材原句) Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.
瓦斯科·达·伽马是一个葡萄牙探险家，也是第一个从海上到达印度的欧洲人。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Yang Liwei is not only the first Chinese to go(go) to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
②As far as I know, Amy was the only person to witness(witness) the car accident.
[再写美]——微写作
③(2018·浙江卷6月满分作文)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。
I can speak fluent English and I am the first student in my class to go abroad for further study.
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next、the only、the last等时，常用不定式作后置定语；
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词，常见的有：ability、chance、ambition、offer、anxiety、answer、reply、attempt、belief等。
[佳句背诵] (1)Beijing has become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
北京成为第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。
(2)Happiness is the ability to make the most of what you have.
幸福就是充分享用你所拥有的一切的能力。
“as if”意为“好像……”
(教材原句)Conseil and I remained near each other，as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.
康塞尔和我仍然离得很近，就好像通过我们的金属箱说几句话是可能的。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①He messed the project up，but he behaved as if nothing had happened(happen)．
②She treats the child as if he were (be) her own son.
③The patient opened his mouth as if to say(say) something.
[再写美]——微写作
④她努力工作，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。
She works hard as if she never knew fatigue.
⑤当地居民说就好像发生了核爆炸一样。
Local residents said it was as if there had been a nuclear explosion.
(1)如果as if/though引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。
(2)as if/though可引导表语从句和状语从句。若表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were)；若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；若表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”。
(3)as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。
[佳句背诵] A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.
船上的一对年轻夫妇正吃着东西，高声地谈笑着，好像他们是这个世界上唯一的人。(福建卷)
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2018·江苏卷)Moth, meanwhile, after an initial struggle, found his symptoms were strangely reduced by their daily tiring journey. adj.最初的
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The family called the Italian Culture Ministry；the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million. v．证实；证明
3．(2019·江苏卷)Explore the heights with Go Ape, the high wire forest adventure course, or journey beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern. prep.在……下面
4．(2020·浙江卷7月)I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. n．章节
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2019·北京卷)She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.adj.咧开大嘴的(笑)
2．He stretched himself out on the sofa and fell asleep.v.伸展
3．If the light comes on，the battery isn't charging.v.充电
4．She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapter.v.叙述，讲述
5．(1)When he lost his job, he felt he failed his family.v.使失望
(2)The brakes failed and the bus crashed into a tree.v.失灵
Ⅲ.一词多义
1. 根据语境选出crowd的词性及含义
A．n.人群；观众 B．n.一伙人；一帮人
C．n.群众；老百姓 D．v.挤满 E．v.涌上
(1)Yesterday, thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.__D__
(2)The match attracted a capacity crowd of 80，000.__A__
(3)Bob introduced her to some of the usual crowd and she was welcomed warmly.__B__
(4)We all like to think we stand out from the crowd.__C__
(5)Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.__E__
2. 根据语境选出attempt的词性及含义
(1)The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed.__B__
(2)Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.__A__
3. 根据语境选出failure的词性及含义
A．n.失败 B．n.失败的人
C．n.未做；未履行 D．n.故障；失灵
(1)The cause of the crash was given as engine failure.__D__
(2)Worse still, I was too anxious to seek the fundamental reason for my failure. __A__
(3)Elgar received many honours and much acclaim and yet he often considered himself a failure. __B__
(4)Failure to produce proof of identity could result in prosecution.__C__
4. 根据语境选出permit的词性及含义
(1)He has to apply for a permit, and we have to find him a job.__B__
(2)We hope to visit the cathedral, if time permits.__A__
(3)This method of cooking also permits heat to penetrate(穿过) evenly from both sides.__C__
提能训练二 话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)
1．补全要点句
①1950年，玛丽成为第一个成功横渡英吉利海峡的女性。(the first...to do)
In 1950, Mary became the first woman to successfully cross the English Channel.
②她的大无畏的冒险精神和无惧失败的勇气使她成为当时舆论的焦点。(failure, bring...into focus)
Her fearless spirit of adventure and courage of failure brought her into focus at that time.
③她是一个船长的女儿，在港口附近长大，熟悉水性，经常和小伙伴到海边寻找贝壳、珊瑚等。(captain, port, along with, in search of)
She was a daughter of a captain．She grew up near the port and was familiar with water.She often went to the seaside along with her friends in search of shells and corals．
④她还经常跟父亲一起出海，运送橡胶、棉花、羊毛、布匹、地毯等物资。(rubber, cotton, wool, cloth, carpet)
She often went to sea with her father, transporting materials such as rubber, cotton, wool, cloth, carpet, etc.
⑤在获得父亲允许后，她进行了无数次横渡训练。(permit, 独立主格结构)
Her father permitting, she did numerous cross training.
⑥在横渡海峡之前，她计算了时间，设想了困难，力争一次尝试就确保成功。(figure out, attempt)
Before crossing the channel, she figured out the time, imagined the difficulties, and tried to ensure success with one attempt．
⑦在克服了无数困难后，玛丽最终成功到达了彼岸，她勇敢的行为震惊了世界。(shore, astonish)
After overcoming numerous difficulties, Mary finally succeeded in reaching the other shore．Her brave behavior astonished the worl D．
2．升级平淡句
⑧将句①和句②用定语从句连接起来
In 1950, Mary became the first woman to successfully cross the English Channel, whose fearless spirit of adventure and courage of failure brought her into focus at that time.
⑨将句③改为含有定语从句的并列复合句
She was a daughter of a captain, who grew up near the port and was familiar with water and often went to the seaside along with her friends in search of shells and corals.
⑩将句⑦用含有定语从句的复合句改写
After overcoming numerous difficulties, Mary finally succeeded in reaching the other shore, whose brave behavior astonished the world.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：besides)
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One possible version：
In 1950, Mary became the first woman to successfully cross the English Channel, whose fearless spirit of adventure and courage of failure brought her into focus at that time.She was a daughter of a captain, who grew up near the port and was familiar with water and often went to the seaside along with her friends in search of shells and corals.Besides, she often went to sea with her father, transporting materials such as rubber, cotton, wool, cloth, carpet, etc.Her father permitting, she did numerous cross training.Before crossing the channel, she figured out the time, imagined the difficulties, and tried to ensure success with one attempt.After overcoming numerous difficulties, Mary finally succeeded in reaching the other shore, whose brave behavior astonished the world.
提能训练三 读后续写17
Ⅰ.选词填空(环游世界，收获人生)
signed up for, have a significant effect on, endure, means, unfamiliar, under the Milky Way, unforgettable, worthwhile, impressed, comes in handy
Last year, I 1.signed up for an international volunteer program. My job is to promote Morocco online with photos and articles. Even though I had to 2.endure a 20 hour flight to get here, my experiences after arriving have made it 3.worthwhile.
Being in an 4.unfamiliar African country where people speak Arabic and French was a big problem for me. However, sometimes body language 5.comes in handy. I used lively gestures to make a living and tried to speak simple Chinese with salesmen. As time went by, they could even say “hello” in Chinese to me.
In Morocco, I was most 6.impressed by the Sahara Desert. Our guide on our Sahara trip showed us around a village to see how local people live their lives. The most 7.unforgettable part, however, was our night in the desert. People lay down together, sharing stories and laughing 8.under the Milky Way. My teammates and I learned how to say “I love you” in different languages.
Living and working in Morocco 9.means more to me than just traveling. For me, immersing myself in a new environment can 10.have a significant effect on my life. My heart is full of happiness, and I certainly made the right decision to come here.
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(自然风景)
1．Below the mountains, the sunshine reflects on many lakes, which makes them shine like diamonds against the rich countryside.
2．This creates a unique living condition for plateau wildlife, making this place a paradise for wildlife and leaving numerous mysteries and beauty to be explored.
A卷——小题夯基练
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．What makes it distinguish(区别) from other resorts is that it is rich in natural resources and primitive forests.
2．You must ask for permission(允许) before taking any photographs inside the newly built museum.
3．Everywhere the young singer appears, he is always surrounded(包围) by a group of crazy fans.
4．As is known to us all, failure(失败) usually results from laziness while diligence can result in success.
5．The team, having attempted(尝试) to climb the world's second tallest mountain twice, finally decided to give up.
6．My father warned me against going to the West Coast because it was crowded(拥护的) with tourists.
7．There was a lack of depth(深度) and system in the academic research on the relationship between them currently.
8．Butterflies feed on a sweet liquid(液体) produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
9．More and more people go jogging in the morning, whose benefits for health arise from the air rich in oxygen(氧气)．
10．When day broke, we found ourselves lying on the shore(海岸)．
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．The surrounding(surround) villages have been absorbed by the growing city.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)You also need to judge the quality and depth(deep) of your motivation.This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment.
3．He attempted(attempt) to rescue the drowning man when he passed by.
4．(全国卷Ⅲ)Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States，but they were gradually(gradual) displaced by human development.
5．We all hope that he will recover from his injury(injure) as soon as possible.
6．It is said that every year a lot of woolen(wool) goods are exported to all over the world.
7．(浙江卷)She had asked the government for permission(permit) to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.
8．(江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures(fail) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb(climb) Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.
2．He is always the first one to get(get) to school every day.
3．The bank is reported in the local newspaper to have been robbed in broad daylight yesterday.
4．Mo Yan is distinguished for his good knowledge of literature.
5．He was charged with murder but found innocent later.
6．The little boy shook his head as if to say(say) no.
7．Weather permitting(permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．女孩说最后到的人为这顿饭买单。
The girl said that the last person to arrive would pay for the meal.
2．童年的每件事都像刚刚发生过似的涌上心头。
Everything in my childhood crowded in my mind as if they had just happened．
3．He found it hard to focus on his study because so many people were talking there.
→He found it hard to focus on his study，so many people talking there．(独立主格结构)
4．Because it is distinguished for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.
→Distinguished for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(过去分词短语作状语)
5．他试图通过考试，但是最后还是失败了。
(1)He attempted to pass/at passing the exam, but he failed in the end.(attempt v．)
(2)He made an attempt at passing/to pass the exam, but he failed in the end.(attempt n．)
B卷——大题提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·广东调研)When Allen invited me on a camping trip to the mountains, I imagined a wooden cabin overlooking a lake, with a warm fireplace, hot cocoa, and soft beds.But my happy image became a nightmare when Allen and his older brother, Leo, showed up with a truck filled with camping equipment—tents, sleeping bags, and water bottles. We were going on survival training!
The ever efficient Leo was keen to leave the city behind us and urged us to hurry.Several hours later, as we drove through the forest, the mountains seemed bigger than I remembered; the trees were larger, and the environment felt more threatening.
At the trailhead, Leo tied a sleeping bag onto my already heavy pack and lectured Allen and me about hiking rules.Then, with Leo in the lead, we set off along the narrow and steep dirt track that wound up the mountain.
After 6 hours of climbing, we finally reached the top.My legs aching, I dropped my pack and groaned but there was no time to rest.“We need to set up camp quickly，” said Leo.“There are dark clouds coming in.A storm's on its way.”
I thought he was kidding, but Leo was quite serious.He and Allen worked expertly, while I stood around and pretended to help, thunder rumbling in the distance.We just finished putting up the tents when it hit.The wind, thunder, and lightning were relentless.
Leo, sensing that I was scared, started telling us some stories about his camping adventures.But each time lightning lit up the tent and the thunder echoed, I jumped.“Don't worry.Summer storms pass quickly，” Leo said, trying to comfort me.“And at least the rain will keep the bears away，” he said with a teasing smile, which was less comforting.
And just as quickly as the storm came rushing in, it passed, and we exited the tent.The view was incredible—I could see for miles.As darkness set in, I stared in wonder at the millions of glowing stars in the night sky.
I won't lie—I was still wishing for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was an adventure I would never forget.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与艾伦和他的哥哥一起去登山的经历。他们在经历过艰难险阻之后，终于看到了令人难忘的美丽风景。
1．Why was the author surprised when Allen came to get him at the beginning of the story
A．Allen had arrived earlier than arranged.
B．He saw that Allen was not well prepared.
C．He realized their trip would be challenging.
D．Allen's brother was unexpectedly with him.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But my happy image became a nightmare when Allen and his older brother, Leo, showed up with a truck filled with camping equipment—tents, sleeping bags, and water bottles.(当艾伦和他哥哥开着载满野营装备——帐篷、睡袋和水壶的卡车出现的时候，我的美好想象变成了噩梦)”可推知，作者意识到他的旅行会是充满挑战的。故选C。
2．Why was it necessary to set up camp immediately after reaching the mountain top
A．It was almost night time.
B．The weather was changing.
C．They were tired and needed to rest.
D．They needed protections from animals.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘We need to set up camp quickly，’ said Leo.‘There are dark clouds coming in.A storm's on its way.’(利奥说：‘我们需要马上把帐篷搭起来。乌云袭来，暴风雨快来了。’)”可知，天气在发生变化，所以到达山顶后要立刻搭起帐篷。故选B。
3．What can we guess about Leo
A．He was an experienced and capable hiker.
B．He was inconsiderate of others' feelings.
C．He had known the writer for a long time.
D．He had not been to this mountain before.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“At the trailhead, Leo tied a sleeping bag onto my already heavy pack and lectured Allen and me about hiking rules.(到了登山口，利奥把睡袋绑到了我已经很重的背包上面，然后给我和艾伦讲解登山的规则)”可知，利奥是一个很有能力和富有经验的登山者。故选A。
4．How did the author feel at the end of the story
A．Satisfied. B．Optimistic.
C．Scared. D．Disappointed.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I was still wishing for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was an adventure I would never forget(我仍想要洗个热水澡和一张柔软的床，但当我抬头望着银河时，我知道这是一次难忘的冒险)”可知，作者在当时的环境下仍能关注到美好的风景，说明作者有着积极的心态。故选B。
B
(2021·山东师大附中模拟)Recent years have witnessed the growth of luxury (奢侈品) brands.It's clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self image.
I am a fashionista too, at least in spirit—I love to look at clothes and shoes.But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels.When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.
What's interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn't lead to happiness.
Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don't suddenly become “happy” people.In fact, a series of studies have shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those on material things.That's because experiences are more easily integrated into a person's identity.If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future.My memories become a part of me.Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through “things” are liked less by their peers.People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.
It's natural to want to express yourself through your appearance.So my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label.Convey your own message.Take some lessons from the late Apple co founder Steve Jobs.He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck.Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers.These people, successful people, have style.
You don't have to break the bank to send a message about who you are.Take a trip.Go out into the world.Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了近年来，越来越多的年轻人通过购买奢侈品来提升自我形象，但科学家发现拥有奢侈品并不能带来幸福。一系列的研究表明，尽管我们想要物质上的东西，但当得到它们时，我们不会突然变得“快乐”。事实上，那些把钱花在旅行和类似经历上的人比那些花在物质上的人获得更多的快乐。作者对通过外表来表达自己的人的建议是：打造一个不受设计师标签束缚的外观。
5．What's the author's attitude towards luxury consumption
A．Favorable. B．Negative.
C．Positive. D．Unconcerned.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels.When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.(但是我不明白为什么人们会花很多钱在名牌上。一个年轻女人花了她两个月的工资买了一个手提包，这是一件可怕的事情)”可推知，作者不支持奢侈品消费。故选B。
6．What's the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A．Material things can't bring about joy.
B．Experiences sink into personality.
C．It's better to invest in experiences.
D．Others' preference is of importance.
C 解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“In fact...who pursue happiness through experiences.(事实上，一系列的研究表明，那些把钱花在旅行和类似经历上的人比那些花在物质上的人获得更多的快乐。这是因为经历更容易融入一个人的身份。如果我去云南旅行，这次冒险会影响我对未来的想法。我的记忆成为我的一部分。此外，正如范·鲍温所观察到的，通过‘物质’来追求幸福的年轻人不太受同龄人的喜欢。人们更喜欢那些通过经历来追求幸福的人)”可知，第四段的主旨是最好是投资经历。故选C。
7．Why are Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg mentioned in the text
A．To honor the two successes.
B．To advocate their experience.
C．To support the author's argument.
D．To inspire young people's ambition.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“It's natural to want...routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers.(想通过外表来表达自己是很自然的。所以我的建议是：打造一个不受设计师标签束缚的外观。传达你自己的信息。从已故的苹果联合创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯身上学习一些经验吧。他总是穿着李维斯牛仔裤和黑色高领毛衣。脸谱网创始人马克·扎克伯格经常穿着帽衫和运动鞋亮相)”可推知，文章中提到史蒂夫·乔布斯和马克·扎克伯格是为了支持作者的论点。故选C。
8．What is the underlined sentence intended to express
A．Do mind your financial security.
B．Do try to make more money.
C．Don't rob a bank for luxuries.
D．Don't spend much on your image.
D 解析：句意猜测题。根据第二段中的“When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.(一个年轻女人花了她两个月的工资买了一个手提包，这是一件可怕的事情)”以及最后一段中的“Take a trip.Go out into the world.Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.(去旅行吧。到外面的世界去。然后再回来，自信地打造你自己的标志性造型)”可知，文章主要内容是在强调不要太在意自己的形象，拥有奢侈品并不能带来幸福，要多去经历才能获得更多的快乐。由此可推知，画线句子的意思是“不要在你的形象上花费太多”。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2021·临沂实验学校模拟)The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.
Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”．For Starbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, __1__ and stores.Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans __2__ that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality.Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and __3__ service.Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all __4__ the “Starbucks Experience”．
Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled.Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”， __5__ coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.
__6__those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab and go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee.You get great people, first rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and __7__ advice on brewing excellent coffee at home.At home you're part of a family.At work you're part of a company.And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself.That's what a Starbucks store has been __8__ to creating for its customers—a kind of “third place” where they can __9__， reflect, read, chat or listen.
The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea.It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the __10__ from the wooden statue of the sea.Mermaid logo also __11__ original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.
Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of __12__： the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on.Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, __13__ sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”， the feeling of experience in the __14__ life.
But the __15__of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it's great coffee.Coffee is only a carrier.Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，而在于它的企业文化。
1．A.people B．managers
C．customers D．clients
A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于星巴克来说，这个品牌有三个要素：咖啡、人和商店。people意为“人(们)”，manager意为“经理”，customer意为“顾客”，client意为“客户”。上文提到星巴克将打造品牌个性的理念作为企业文化的一部分，将意义嵌入产品中，从而吸引更多的顾客。由此可知，人是星巴克品牌文化的三个要素之一，故选A。
2．A.assured B．promised
C．ensured D．predicted
C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格把控，尽可能确保了咖啡的最高品质。assure意为“担保”，promise意为“承诺”，ensure意为“确保、保证”，predict意为“预言”。根据常识可知，对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格把控的目的自然是确保咖啡的最高品质，故选C。
3．A.emergency B．environment
C．employment D．customer
D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在咖啡知识和客户服务方面雇用和培训了优秀的店员。emergency意为“紧急情况”，environment意为“环境”，employment意为“就业”，customer意为“客户”。根据常识可知，店员上岗前要进行客户服务方面的培训。customer service意为“客户服务”，故选D。
4．A.consisted of B．benefited from
C．contributed to D．headed for
C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：店内的设计、氛围和浓香都为“星巴克体验”做出了贡献。consist of意为“由……组成”，benefit from意为“从……中受益”，contribute to意为“有助于、为……做贡献”，head for意为“前往”。根据常识可知，咖啡店的设计、氛围和浓香都为顾客的“星巴克体验”做出了贡献，故选C。
5．A.going beyond B．coming across
C．making up D．depending on
A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：星巴克以“星巴克体验”为荣，其服务超出了只提供咖啡，还为顾客提供独特的体验。go beyond意为“超出”，come across意为“遇到”，make up意为“弥补”，depend on意为“依靠、取决于”。下文说星巴克为顾客提供的不仅仅是咖啡，由此可知，“星巴克体验”超出了只提供咖啡，还为顾客提供独特的体验，故选A。
6．A.With regard to B．In addition to
C．Compared with D．In terms of
C 解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：与传统的咖啡店为您提供的拿了就走的服务相比，星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡。with regard to意为“至于”，in addition to意为“除……之外(还)”compared with意为“与……相比”，in terms of意为“在……方面”。空后提到了传统咖啡店的服务，因此是星巴克与传统咖啡店作对比，故选C。
7．A.general B．reasonable
C．legal D．fascinating
B 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里有很棒的人，一流的音乐，舒适、积极的会议场所，以及在家里煮优质咖啡的合理建议。general意为“一般的”，reasonable意为“合理的”，legal意为“合法的”，fascinating意为“迷人的”。根据常识可知，星巴克自然会为顾客提供在家煮一杯好咖啡的合理建议，故选B。
8．A.committed B．alerted
C．subjected D．required
A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是星巴克致力于为顾客创造的一种“第三空间”，在那里他们可以远离喧嚣、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听。commit意为“承诺、投身”，alert意为“警告”，subject意为“臣服”，require意为“要求”。be committed to意为“致力于”，故选A。
9．A.negotiate B．perform
C．conceal D．escape
D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。negotiate意为“谈判”，perform意为“执行”，conceal意为“隐藏”，escape意为“远离、避开”。根据空后的reflect, read, chat or listen可知，在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里，人们可以远离喧嚣，旨在突出星巴克创造的安静环境，故选D。
10．A.imagination B．inspiration
C．patent D．philosophy
B 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是由特里·赫克勒设计的，他从木制的海洋雕像中得到灵感。 imagination意为“想象”，inspiration意为“灵感”，patent意为“专利权”，philosophy意为“哲理”。上文说绿色星巴克标识是一个美人鱼，这个设计灵感是特里·赫克勒从木制的海洋雕像中获得的，故选B。
11．A.creates B．cultivates
C．credits D．conveys
D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：美人鱼标识还传达了原始和现代含义。create意为“创造”，cultivate意为“培养”，credit意为“赞颂”，convey意为“传达”。根据常识可知，一个品牌的标识自然会传达某种含义，故选D。
12．A.brand B．logo
C．possession D．experience
D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：星巴克将典型的美国文化逐渐分解为体验元素：视觉上的温暖，听觉上煮咖啡的声音，嗅觉上的咖啡香气等等。brand意为“品牌”，logo意为“标识”，possession意为“财产”，experience意为“体验”。根据冒号后的内容可知此处指“体验元素”，故选D。
13．A.greedily B．gently
C．persistently D．indifferently
B 解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：试想，透过巨大的玻璃窗，望着拥挤的街道，轻轻地啜一口咖啡品尝滋味，这正符合“雅痞”人士的特点，即在忙碌的生活中体验的感觉。greedily意为“贪婪地”，gently意为“轻轻地”，persistently意为“固执地”，indifferently意为“冷淡地”。根据常识可知，刚煮好的咖啡是非常热的，要一小口一小口轻轻地啜着喝，故选B。
14．A.busy B．easy
C．miserable D．energetic
A 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。busy意为“忙碌的”，easy意为“简单的”，miserable意为“悲惨的”，energetic意为“精力充沛的”。根据上文提到的拥挤的街道可知，平时的生活节奏是很快的，因此此处指的是“忙碌的生活”，故选A。
15．A.product B．vision
C．essence D．importance
C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，尽管它是很棒的咖啡。product意为“产品”，vision意为“视力”，essence意为“精髓、精华”，importance意为“重要性”。空后提到咖啡只是一种载体，咖啡消费在很大程度上是一种情感和文化层面的消费，因此此处是说星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，而在于它的文化，故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021·常德一中模拟)So far many of the earth's plants and animals 1.____________(die) out, and a hundred species become 2.____________(endanger) every day.If nothing is done, we may find ourselves 3.____________(lonely) on the earth.
Wild animals live in the 4.____________(forest) which are being destroyed by people.As 5.____________ result, the animals 6.____________(lose) their habitats.Without the trees, the animals are short of food.And many animals are dying out because of pollution.
I suggest that measures should be taken 7.____________(protect) wildlife.The government should keep people 8.____________ destroying forests and shut down the factories 9.____________ pollute rivers and air. I think more wildlife reserves should also 10.____________(build)．
【解题导语】 地球上的很多动植物已经灭绝，一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境，我们应该采取措施保护野生动植物。
1．have died 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，地球上的很多动植物已经灭绝。根据句意及句中的So far可知，句子用现在完成时，故填have died。
2．endangered 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：每天都有一百个物种濒临灭绝。endangered为形容词化的分词形式，意为“濒临灭绝的”，故填endangered。
3．alone 解析：考查形容词作宾补。句意：如果没有采取措施，我们可能发现我们自己在地球上独自存在。alone意为“独自的、单独的”，故填alone。
4．forests 解析：考查名词复数。句意：野生动物生活在正在被人毁掉的森林里。根据句意可知，此处名词应用复数形式，故填forests。
5．a 解析：考查固定搭配。as a result意为“结果”，故填a。
6．are losing 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：动物正在失去它们的栖息地。根据句意可知，句子应用现在进行时，故填are losing。
7．to protect 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。
8．from 解析：考查固定搭配。keep sb.from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，故填from。
9．which/that 解析：考查定语从句。句意：政府应阻止人们破坏森林并关闭污染河流和空气的工厂。分析句子结构可知，factories是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填which/that。
10．be built 解析：考查动词的语态。句意：我认为还应该建立更多的野生动物保护区。根据句意可知，句子应用被动语态，又空前有情态动词should，故填be built。
PAGE
27(共171张PPT)
英语
第一部分 基础考点聚焦
必修第三册
Unit 5 What an adventure！
01
语基夯实 课前闯关
02
创意课堂 多维突破
04
课后达标 知能提升
03
高效演练 素养提能
thus
shore
port
male
cloth
liquid
depth
gradually
zone
oxygen
broad
charged
crowd
crowded
attempt
attempted
failure
fail
permit
permission
relate
relation
relationship
related
astonish
astonishing
astonished
astonishment
consume
consumer
consumption
distinguish
distinguished
wool
woolen
related
relationship/relation
permitted
permission
astonishment
astonished
astonishing
consume
consumers
attempted
attempted
crowd
crowded．
failed
failure
bring...into focus
in broad daylight
turn around
set sail
figure out
result in
stand for
put up
look back upon
stand for
put up
set sail
brought
into focus
the first to flower
Once his message was delivered
Such an able man to help
you
as if it is missing
something
move/moves
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crowded
with
crowds
follow the crowd
Crowds/A crowd of people
to find
to control
If you fail at the first attempt
attempting to make their own tea
to answer
a
Failure
end in failure
failed in the exam
Charged
how much you will charge us for the six week course
in the charge of Tom
in the charge of him
take charge of the programme
in charge of the programme
to drive
smoking
If time permits
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related
to
related
related
Relations
in relation to
astonished
astonishing
which astonished me
It was astonishing that
What astonished me was that
from
for
as
is distinguished for
attracting visitors all over the world．
with
was surrounded
surroundings
adapt to the new surroundings
to go
to witness
the first student in my class to
go abroad
had happened
were
to say
she never knew
there had been
adj.最初的
v．证实；证明
prep.在……下面
n．章节
adj.咧开大嘴的(笑)
v.伸展
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v.叙述，讲述
v.使失望
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A
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fearless spirit of adventure and courage of failure brought her into focus
a daughter of a captain
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transporting materials such as
Her father permitting
figured out the time
with one attempt
reaching the other shore
astonished the world
signed up for
endure
worthwhile
unfamiliar
comes in handy
impressed
unforgettable
under the Milky Way
means
have a significant effect on
distinguish
permission
surrounded
failure
attempted
crowded
depth
liquid
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surrounding
depth
attempted
gradually
injury
woolen
permission
failures
to climb
to get
in
for
with
to say
permitting
the last person to arrive
as if they had just happened．
so many people talking there
Distinguished for its attractive scenery
attempted to pass/at passing the exam
made an attempt at passing/to pass the exam
A.people
C．ensured
D．customer
C．contributed to
A.going beyond
C．Compared with
B．reasonable
A.committed
D．escape
B．inspiration
D．conveys
D．experience
B．gently
A.busy
C．essence
have died
endangered
alone
forests
a
are losing
to protect
from
which/that
be built
