(共158张PPT)
英语
第一部分 基础考点聚焦
选择性必修第一册
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
01
语基夯实 课前闯关
02
创意课堂 多维突破
04
课后达标 知能提升
03
高效演练 素养提能
waist
scenery
jungle
favour
salary
advertise
preference
leisure
splendid
wander
candidates
economy
economic
economical
disturb
disturbing
disturbed
disturbance
operator
operate
operation
conservationist
conservation
conserve
applicant
apply
application
qualification
qualify
qualified
negotiable
negotiate
negotiation
disturbing
applicant
apply
application
operator
operating
operation
qualifications
qualified
economy
economic
economical
at one's leisure
in favour of
catch one's eye
be located in/at...
bring...to life
pull off
use up
in harmony with...
team up with...
be made up of...
is located at
at my leisure
team up with
in favour of
in harmony with
is made up of
with three generations living together
Before the film began
using the sun and the stars
not
but
at
to do
at your leisure
游荡
来回走动
偏离
走神
wander off/from the subject
being disturbed
disturbing
It
Disturbed by the noise
v.运转
v.操作
v．动手术
v.经营
v.起作用
bring the plan into operation
of
in
to open
in favour of
do us a favour
advertising
for
advertised
advertise for
to teach
to drive
qualified
has the qualification to be a volunteer
is qualified to be a volunteer
不等……就……
在……之前
……不久就……
……之后才……
before we know it
adv.稳步地
adj.巨大的
adj.易吃坏的
n．地标
v.分神；开小差
v.起作用
n.限定条件
v.宣传
C
B
A
D
C
A
B
E
is located in Shandong Province
one of the national cultural landmarks
is made up of more than 150 peaks
natural scenery
caught almost everyone's eyes
Massive tourists
Conservationists are in favor of the government taking measures
genuinely in harmony with nature
not
economic development
steady economic development
at your leisure
but
A．The online campaign
C．According to its fund raising web page
B．It is the first time that
E．Consisting of many interconnected walls
D．Due to human destruction and natural weathering
qualification
applicants
disturbing
preference
advertisement
salary
favor
jungle
scenery
waist
disturbed
operation
favourable
advertised
qualified
economic
preference
applicants
was disturbed
for
being diagnosed
before
in
learning
into
to work
before the prices go up
have a preference for
be in favour of those who are ready
is qualified for
has the qualification for
whether you could do me a favour
whether you could do a favour for me
whether I could ask you a favour
E．Sometimes bullying can arise out of a quarrel or conflict, but often it arises out of nothing.
A．Whether verbal or physical, violence is violence.
C．That doesn't happen；instead the bullying becomes worse.
G．Especially, in China the role of the police is not only to enforce the law, but also to educate the public about punishments for violations.
D．People even in their 50s or 60s may still suffer the hurt of childhood bullying.
D．continued
A.calm
C．tried
B．chaos
A.Finally
D．confident
A.shared
C．wondering
A.pushing
D．swelling
C．stories
B．returning
C．embarrassment
B．youth
C．after all
successfully
waiting
crowds
to bring
tallest
that
have collected
a
in
is Unit 6 Nurturing nature
(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·读懂
默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。
□1.steadily adv. □2.massive adj.
□3.delicate adj. □4.landmark n.
□5.wetland n. □6.radiation n.
□7.mirror like adj. □8.genuine adj.
□9.grassland n. □10.via prep.,
[自主核对区]
1．平稳地 2.巨大的
3．脆弱的 4.地标
5．湿地 6.辐射
7．如镜面般的 8.真的；真正的
9．草原 10.通过；借助于
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
[辨词义·写词形]
1．waist n． 腰(部)
2．scenery n. 风景
3．jungle n. 丛林
4．favour n. 支持；赞成
5．salary n. 薪金；工资
6．advertise v. 做广告
7．preference n. 优先(权)
8．leisure n. 空闲；闲暇
[入语境·重活用]
1．(2020·江苏卷)These documentaries present a splendid(壮丽的) picture of China in front of their audiences—its history，landscape，art，food，or even traditional Chinese medicine.
2．(2018·天津卷)It seldom occurred to them to wander(闲逛；漫步) a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.
3．(江苏卷)It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates(申请者) go around to seek supports.
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
1．economy n．经济→economic adj.经济的→economical adj.节约的；省钱的
2．disturb vt.打扰→disturbing adj.令人烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbed adj.感到不安的，心烦意乱的，烦恼的→disturbance n．困扰；打扰；骚乱
3．operator n．经营者；操作员；接线员→operate vi.& vt.经营；运转，运作；做手术 vt.操作→operation n．操作；经营；手术；运算
4．conservationist n．保护工作者；环境保护主义者→conservation n．保护→conserve vt.保护；保存
5．applicant n．申请人；求职人→apply v．运用；涉及；申请→application n．应用；用途；申请
6．qualification n．技能条件，资格；资历→qualify vt.使有资格→qualified adj.有资格的
7．negotiable adj.可协商的→negotiate vt.协商；谈判→negotiation n．谈判
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2020·新高考山东卷)When he was 16, Molai began to notice something disturbing(disturb) happening around his home.
2．Any applicant who would like to apply to become an assistant in our company should send us an application before next Monday.(apply)
3．The operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance.(operate)
4．You'll never get a good job if you don't have any qualifications, so you must study hard to make yourself qualified．(qualify)
5．With the decline of the global economy, her family is faced with many economic problems, one of which is whether to buy an economical stove to survive the whole winter.(economy)
(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高
单元短语·再现
1．at one's leisure 空闲时
2．in favour of 支持；赞同
3．catch one's eye 吸引某人的注意
4．be located in/at... 位于……
5．bring...to life 使……充满生机
6．pull off 脱下，摘下
7．use up 用光
8．in harmony with... 与……协调
9．team up with... 与……合作
10．be made up of... 由……组成
[语境活用]——选用左栏短语填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Surrounded by green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.
2．I like chatting with my friends at my leisure．
3．You can team up with one other class member if you want.
4．Some parents are in favour of sending children to a boarding school because it helps children to develop independence and interpersonal communication ability.
5．If everyone can live in harmony with others, our society will become more harmonious.
6．Our class is made up of 52 students，all of whom are friendly and hard working.
?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)
1.盘点以 sure结尾的名词①leisure 闲暇②pressure 压力③pleasure 乐事；快乐④exposure 暴露；揭发⑤measure 措施⑥treasure 财富 2.negotiate近义词全扫描①argue v． 争论，争辩②discuss v. 讨论，谈论③debate v. 争论；辩论④quarrel v. 争吵，争论⑤speak about/of 谈论⑥talk over (反复)讨论 3.at one's ＋名词①at one's leisure 空闲时②at one's convenience 在某人方便时③at one's command 听某人支配④at one's request 应某人请求⑤at one's expense 由某人付费⑥at one's service 由某人差遣⑦at one's best 在某人最佳/鼎盛时期
(三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge，with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure.一群藏羚羊正从桥底下走过，有些停下来悠闲地吃草。 with复合结构 1.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2001年的32.5万户增加到了2013年的41.9万户。Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.
The journey has been flying by, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station.旅程飞驰而过，不知不觉中，我们已到达了唐古拉站。 before引导时间状语从句 2.(2020·新高考山东卷)电影开始前，每个女人都被要求自己吃点零食。Before the film began，each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.
Using thousands and thousands of sandbags, we built a twenty kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste.我们使用成千上万个沙袋，沿湖筑起了一道20公里长的墙来保护这个湖不受建筑垃圾的污染。 现在分词作方式状语 3.(重庆卷)鸟儿就像古代的水手一样靠太阳和星星辨别方向。Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way using the sun and the stars.
续 表
背佳句 明句型 巧仿写
Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”，而应该是“世界上最忙的工作”！ “not...but...”意为“不是……而是……” 4.(重庆卷)所以，从现在开始，让我们不要把时间浪费在无关紧要的事情上，而要时不时地和父母谈心。So，from now on，let's not waste our time on unimportant things but have a heart to heart chat with our parents once in a while.
leisure n．空闲；闲暇
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①We will debate the subject at length later when we are at leisure.
②I have no leisure to do(do) such things.
[再写美]——微写作
③当你回到家后，你可以在有空的时候浏览它们。
When you get home, you can browse them at your leisure．
at leisure 有空；消遣；从容不迫
at one's leisure 空闲时；有空时；方便时
[佳句背诵] Now that you are on holiday, you should enjoy leisure time and take your focus off your work.
既然你在度假，你就应该享受悠闲时光，不要再关注工作。
wander v．徘徊，来回走动；游荡；闲逛；彷徨；偏离(正道)；走失；走神
[先练会]——写出下列句中wander的含义
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) They help to discourage the sea birds from wandering onto the highway. 游荡
②(江苏卷)He tried to hide his obvious pleasure from the music teacher, who had wandered over to listen.来回走动
③They had wandered from the path into the woods.偏离
④I jumped to my feet so my thoughts wouldn't start to wander.走神
[再写美]——微写作
⑤别走题了，要切中要害。
Don't wander off/from the subject—keep to the point.
wander about 徘徊；流浪；漫步
wander from/off the subject 离题
[佳句背诵] (1)As she was watching the movie, her thoughts wandered back to her youth.
当她看电影时，她的记忆又回到了年轻时代。
(2)Wandering in the countryside, I could feel the wind gently blowing through my hair.
漫步在乡间，我能感觉到风轻轻地吹过我的头发。
disturb v．干扰；扰乱；打扰；妨碍
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①They prefer to stay in their own peaceful world without being disturbed(disturb) and care little about passion and success.
②We can't focus on our homework because of the disturbing(disturb) noise.
③It disturbed me greatly that I couldn't be there.
[再写美]——句式升级
④(普通表达)The old man was disturbed by the noise, and he felt very annoyed.
(高级表达)Disturbed by the noise, the old man felt very annoyed.(分词短语作状语)
(1)be disturbed by... 为……感到不安；被……打扰
It disturbs sb.to do sth./that... 做某事使某人不安。
(2)disturbing adj. 令人烦恼的；令人不安的
disturbed adj. 感到不安的；心烦意乱的，烦恼的
[佳句背诵] With more homework and tests, I can't spare any time to take up my hobbies.So I feel quite stressed and disturbed.
有更多的家庭作业和考试，我抽不出时间来培养我的业余爱好。所以我感到非常紧张和不安。(天津卷)
operator n．经营者；接线员(电话)；操作员
[先练会]——写出下列句中operate的词性及含义
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates.v.运转
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Computers are much easier to operate.v.操作
③If the doctor had operated on him earlier，he wouldn't have died. v．动手术
④My parents used to operate a small restaurant near the train station.v.经营
⑤This kind of material operates as a very effective protection.v.起作用
[再写美]——微写作
⑥我们必须尽快实施计划。
We must bring the plan into operation as soon as possible.
(1)operate v． 经营；动手术；操作(机器)；(机器)运转；运
作；起作用
operate on/upon sb. 给某人动手术
(2)operation n. 操作；经营；手术；运算
be in operation 在运转；在行动中；在实施中
come/go into operation 开始工作(生效)
put/bring...into operation 实施；实行
[佳句背诵] She agreed to be operated on by a young doctor.
她同意让一位年轻的医生为她动手术。
favour n．支持，赞同；帮助；喜爱；恩惠 v．喜爱；偏袒
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷7月)Asking a favour of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen year old girl.
②He hoped the judgment would be in his favour.
③Would you do me a favour to open(open) the window
[再写美]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)Most of them were for my opinion while David was against it.
(高级表达)Most of them were in favour of my opinion while David was against it.
⑤(普通表达)We sincerely hope you can help us and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play.
(高级表达)We sincerely hope you can do us a favour and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)
(1)ask sb.a favour(＝ask a favour of sb.)
求某人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb.(＝do sb.a favour)
帮某人一个忙
in favour of 赞成，支持；主张
in one's favour 对某人有利
(2)favourable adj. 有利的；赞许的；给人好印象的
[佳句背诵] I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I wonder if you do me a favour.
我写这封信是想告诉你一些关于我即将到来的暑假的计划，我想知道你是否能帮我一个忙。(全国卷Ⅰ)
advertise v．(为……)做广告(宣传)
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①No one knows for sure when advertising(advertise) first started.
②We advertised for people who had experience to do the job.
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)And I'm calling to ask about the position advertised(advertise) in Friday's Daily Mail.
[再写美]——微写作
④——我需要发布一个广告来找个下学期的室友。
——何必呢？玛丽有兴趣(做你的室友)。
— I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.
— Why bother Mary is interested.
(1)advertise oneself 自吹自擂
be advertised as... 被宣传为……
(2)advertisement n. 广告
advertising n. 广告宣传；广告业
[佳句背诵] The inn is advertised as being from the early 16th century.
这家小旅馆被宣传为自16世纪初就有了。
[名师点津] advertise sth.指为某物做广告，即登广告宣传某物；advertise for sb./sth.指登广告征求或寻求某人/物，for表目的。
qualification n．技能条件，资格
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The young girl has the qualification to teach(teach) English.
②The test will qualify you to drive(drive) heavy vehicles.
③He was so young that he was not qualified(qualify) to vote.
[再写美]——一句多译
你认为他是否有资格做一名志愿者？
④Do you think he has the qualification to be a volunteer？(qualification n．)
⑤Do you think he is qualified to be a volunteer？(qualified adj.)
(1)the qualification for/to do sth. 做某事的资格
(2)qualify v. 使具备资格；使合格
qualify sb.to do sth. 使某人有资格做某事
(3)qualified adj. 有资格的，称职的
be qualified for/to do sth. 有资格做某事
[佳句背诵] She is extremely well qualified for the job.
她完全符合担任这项工作的条件。
before引导时间状语从句
(教材原句) The journey has been flying by, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station.
旅程飞驰而过，不知不觉中，我们已到达了唐古拉站。
[先练会]——写出下列句中before的含义
①They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.不等……就……
②She wasn't anybody before she got that job.在……之前
③John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job.
……不久就……
④As a matter of fact, it was a long time before I knew the truth.……之后才……
[再写美]——微写作
⑤(天津卷)时间过得真快！不知不觉两个星期过去了。
How time flies！Two weeks has gone by before we know it．
before作连词，用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。
(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“不等……就……”；
(2)在“It＋be＋时间段＋before从句”中，意为“……之后才……”；
(3)在“It＋be＋否定形式＋long＋before从句”中，意为“……不久就……”。
[佳句背诵] If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one.
如果你错过这次机会，多年之后你才可能再次得到这样的机会。
[名师点津] “It＋be＋时间段＋since引导状语从句”，意为“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。
提能训练一 阅读理解障碍词
Ⅰ.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2019·江苏卷)China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs. adv.稳步地
2．(2020·浙江卷7月)Not this polar bear though—he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子). adj.巨大的
3．(2020·新高考山东卷)His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. adj.易吃坏的
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage. n．地标
Ⅱ.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义
1．(2020·新高考山东卷)People's attention wanders constantly.In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message.v.分神；开小差
2．The medicine will quickly operate on such patients.v.起作用
3．The plan was approved without qualification.n.限定条件
4．There is no need to advertise the fact that you are a single woman.v.宣传
Ⅲ.一词多义
1. 根据语境选出disturb的词性及含义
A．v.打扰；干扰 B．v.搅乱；弄乱 C．v.使焦虑；使不安
(1)It disturbed her to realize that she was alone.__C__
(2)Tell the children not to disturb the papers on my desk.__B__
(3)If you get up early, try not to disturb everyone else.__A__
2. 根据语境选出operate的词性及含义
A．v.经营 B．v.起作用
C．v.操作 D．v.动手术
E．v.(被)使用；(使)运转
(1)I hear a Tibetan student in your school will be operated on and that you've raised money for him.__D__
(2)Such sewing machines are supposed to be operated by only skilled operators.__C__
(3)Until his death in 1986 Greenwood owned and operated an enormous pear orchard.__A__
(4)We all know that solar panels can only operate in sunlight.__B__
(5)The regulation operates in favour of married couples.__E__
提能训练二 话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)
1．补全要点句
①位于山东省的泰山是世界文化与自然双重遗产，是国家文化地标之一。(be located in, landmark)
Mount Tai is located in Shandong Province．It is a world cultural and natural heritage, and one of the national cultural landmarks．
②它由150多座山峰组成，其优美的自然风景和文化遗迹吸引了几乎所有人的目光。(be made up of, scenery, catch one's eyes)
It is made up of more than 150 peaks．Its beautiful natural scenery and cultural relics have caught almost everyone's eyes．
③大量游客在泰山游玩的同时制造了很多垃圾，环保主义者支持政府采取措施加大对泰山的保护。(massive, conservationist, in favor of)
Massive tourists make a lot of garbage while playing in Mount Tai.Conservationists are in favor of the government taking measures to protect Mount Tai.
④只有这样人类与大自然才能真正协调发展。(in harmony with, genuine)
Human beings can be genuinely in harmony with nature only in this way.
⑤这不是阻碍经济发展，而是更有利于经济持续稳定发展。(not...but..., economic, steady)
This is not an obstacle to economic development, but more conducive to sustained and steady economic development．
⑥欢迎大家在空闲时来泰山游玩。(at one's leisure)
Welcome to visit Mount Tai at your leisure．
2．升级平淡句
⑦将句①改为含有过去分词短语作定语的句子
Mount Tai, located in Shandong Province, is a world cultural and natural heritage, and one of the national cultural landmarks.
⑧将句②改为含有定语从句的复合句
It is made up of more than 150 peaks, whose beautiful natural scenery and cultural relics have caught almost everyone's eyes.
⑨将句④改为倒装句
Only in this way can human beings be genuinely in harmony with nature.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however, therefore, finally)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Mount Tai, located in Shandong Province, is a world cultural and natural heritage, and one of the national cultural landmarks.It is made up of more than 150 peaks, whose beautiful natural scenery and cultural relics have caught almost everyone's eyes.However, massive tourists make a lot of garbage while playing in Mount Tai.Therefore, conservationists are in favor of the government taking measures to protect Mount Tai.Only in this way can human beings be genuinely in harmony with nature.This is not an obstacle to economic development, but more conducive to sustained and steady economic development.Finally, welcome to visit Mount Tai at your leisure.
提能训练三 读后续写24——多样化句子开头
Ⅰ.补全语段(翻新长城)
A．The online campaign
B．It is the first time that
C．According to its fund raising web page
D．Due to human destruction and natural weathering
E．Consisting of many interconnected walls
In less than three years about 500，000 Internet users have donated more than 100 million yuan to renovate (翻新) and repair the Great Wall through a crowd funding campaign.
1．________ was initiated (发起) in September 2016 by the China Foundation for Cultural Heritage Conservation.2.________， the money has been used to repair wall sections in Beijing and the provinces of Hebei and Shanxi. 3.________ China has called for social forces to participate in the Great Wall protection through online crowd funding.The organizers hope the campaign will raise public awareness about the threats the Great Wall is facing.
4．________， the Great Wall is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.5.________， some parts of the Great Wall are damaged or have collapsed, and are in urgent need of renovation.
答案：1－5.ACBED
Ⅱ.迷你语料库(动作描写——愤怒)
She stared so hard and bit the ribbon on her pigtail so fast that she attracted the attention of Miss Minchin, who, feeling extremely cross at the moment, immediately pounced upon her.
描述愤怒的表达还有：howl (大喊)、glare at、throw sth.on the table with annoyance
A卷——小题夯基练
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．I feel sure that in terms of qualification(资格), ability and experience, you are abundantly suited to the position we have in mind.
2．After Tom had finished some paper work, he started interviewing the applicants(申请人)．
3．I was really displeased with Tom because of his constantly disturbing(打扰) my work.
4．One reason for her preference(更喜欢) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
5．Whatever the advertisement(广告) says, remember that there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
6．Considering your salary(薪水), you should put aside at least 100 dollars a week.
7．The majority of local people got benefit from the medical reform which they are in favor(支持) of.
8．Then I took a trip to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash in the jungle(丛林)．
9．All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery(风景)．
10．This dress is rather loose, but it only needs catching in a little at the waist(腰)．
Ⅱ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．I was deeply disturbed(disturb) and depressed by the news.
2．You must read the operation(operate) instructions before using the machine.
3．When circumstances are favourable(favour), we must not forget that there will still be difficulties.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one advertised(advertise) as lost in the local paper.
5．Everything taken into consideration, they believed themselves more qualified(qualify) for the job.
6．This book deals with the social, economic(economy) and political issues of the period.
7．Many elderly people expressed a strong preference(prefer) to live in their own homes.
8．Firstly, I am just a graduate from an ordinary high school and I wonder what qualifications are required for applicants(apply)．
Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．Her sleep was disturbed(disturb) by a violent hammering on the door.
2．(江苏卷)He's been informed that he doesn't qualify for the scholarship because of his academic background.
3．At the age of 21 Prof Hawking was given only a few years to live after being diagnosed (diagnose) with a rare form of motor neurone disease (运动神经元病)．
4．With global warming becoming more and more serious, it won't be long before some coastal cities disappear.
5．The majority of the local people get benefit from the medical reform which they are in favour of.
6．Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning(learn) how to read and write.
7．A scheme is being brought into operation to see how these changes will work.
8．The number of older Americans preferring to work(work) rather than retire is on the increase.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up．
2．我的许多朋友都喜欢跳舞，但我偏好唱歌。
Many of my friends enjoy dancing, but I have a preference for singing.
3．Opportunity and success tend to favour those who are ready.
→Opportunity and success tend to be in favour of those who are ready．
4．我们都认为他有资格担任这个职位。
(1)We all believe that he is qualified for the position.
(2)We all believe that he has the qualification for the position.
5．现在我想知道你能否帮我一个忙。
(1)Now I wonder whether you could do me a favour．
(2)Now I wonder whether you could do a favour for me．
(3)Now I wonder whether I could ask you a favour．
B卷——大题提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021·厦门二模)Today's buzz words, which include global warming and zero emissions, are causing everyday people (not just celebrities) to look for ways to reduce their carbon footprint.Based on this trend, entire districts, known as eco communities, are being designed with green initiatives in mind.Dockside Green in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada is one of these communities.If everything goes according to plan, Dockside Green will be a self sufficient community.The plans describe a variety of environmental features, some of which have never been seen.
Builders of Dockside Green have the environment in mind with every choice they make.They ensure proper ventilation (通风), and guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air.Interior and exterior building materials, such as paints and wood, are natural and non toxic (无毒的)．Eco conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it is durable and does not require pesticides to grow.
Energy efficiency is one of the top priorities in eco communities, such as Dockside Green.Not only do energy efficient appliances and light fixtures reduce the environmental impact of heating and hot water, they also save residents and business owners money.Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada.Studies show that people use approximately 20% less energy when they are billed for exactly what they use.In addition, water is treated at Dockside Green and reused on site for flushing toilets.
Planners of eco communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account.Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste.They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs.This is a great way to reduce emissions.Finally, plans are in the works for a high tech heating system that will use renewable biomass instead of fossil fuels.
The first two stages of development at Dockside Green have already been completed, and many other plans are in the works.Other smaller eco villages can be found around the world.Residents of these communities aim to reduce their carbon footprint and be models for sustainable living.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了坞边绿地的计划，并简单介绍了计划的一些内容。
1．The purpose of the article is to ________．
A．introduce eco communities
B．describe Dockside Green's plans
C．advertise Dockside Green
D．illustrate sustainable living
B 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段中的“If everything goes according to plan, Dockside Green will be a self sufficient community.The plans describe a variety of environmental features, some of which have never been seen.”可知，如果一切按计划进行，坞边绿地将成为一个自给自足的社区。这些规划描述了各种各样的环境特征，其中一些从未被发现过。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是介绍坞边绿地的计划。故选B。
2．According to the article, what percentage of energy saving will Dockside Green residents save
A．100%. B．90%.
C．55%. D．20%.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada.” 可知，坞边绿地称，业主将比加拿大居民平均少使用55%的能源。即坞边绿地的居民将节约55%的能源。故选C。
3．Bamboo is an environmentally friendly choice for builders because it ________．
A．provides good air circulation
B．keeps pests out of houses
C．is toxic substances free
D．can be used for a long time
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Eco conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it is durable and does not require pesticides to grow.”可知，有环保意识的建筑商尽可能使用竹子，因为竹子耐用，而且不需要杀虫剂。由此可知，对建筑商来说，竹子是一种环保的选择，因为它可以长时间使用。故选D。
4．What will Dockside Green try to do in the future
A．To find fossil fuel alternatives.
B．To develop an interior transportation system.
C．To use most of construction waste again.
D．To cooperate with other eco villages.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Planners of eco communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account.Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste.”可知，坞边绿地等生态社区的规划者必须考虑到未来。坞边绿地计划再利用90%的建筑垃圾。由此可知，坞边绿地将来会再次利用大部分建筑垃圾。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·湖南十校联考)Campuses should be safe places for children to learn and develop.However, the movie, Better Days, released on Oct.25, 2019, highlights a serious issue—school bullying.Some experts say people should treat bullying seriously and not regard it as a joke.School bullying involves hurtful words, physical attacks, even sexual violence.
1．________In quite a few cases, a child is bullied merely because another sees him/her as being weak in strength or character, and he or she is singled out for violence.
That the offenders are just children does not mean bullying is simply high spirits or that the children are just being naughty.2.________And it does not matter how old the perpetrator (施暴者) of the violence is or what form it takes.
It is not helpful for parents and teachers to ignore the matter by saying it is a private affair between the children and they can solve it by themselves.3.________All violence should be prevented, and the most effective way of preventing bullying on campus is to call the police and let the professionals deal with it.4.________
Bullying is a serious offense.While there may be no visible harm, it can leave invisible scars and wounds that can prove fatal over time.According to data from the United Nations Education, Science, and Culture Organization, over 32 percent of male pupils and 28 percent of female pupils suffer from campus violence with many suffering serious emotional and psychological problems as a result.5.________
A．Whether verbal or physical, violence is violence.
B．The bullying is only verbal insults and not threats.
C．That doesn't happen；instead the bullying becomes worse.
D．People even in their 50s or 60s may still suffer the hurt of childhood bullying.
E．Sometimes bullying can arise out of a quarrel or conflict, but often it arises out of nothing.
F．Bullying causes injury to health and makes you ill.How many of these symptoms do you have
G．Especially, in China the role of the police is not only to enforce the law, but also to educate the public about punishments for violations.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章由一部电影谈到了校园暴力。校园暴力的出现很多时候没有任何原因，虽然校园暴力的施暴者的年龄小，但暴力就是暴力，它会给被施暴者造成情感和心理上的长久影响，因此老师和家长都不能忽略这个问题。学生在遇到校园暴力时也要积极向警察寻求帮助。
1．E 解析：E项“Sometimes bullying can arise out of a quarrel or conflict, but often it arises out of nothing.”与下文“In quite a few cases, a child is bullied merely because another sees him/her as being weak in strength or character, and he or she is singled out for violence.”承接自然，选项中的“but often it arises out of nothing”就是下文所提到的内容，故选E。
2．A 解析：A项“Whether verbal or physical, violence is violence.”与下文“And it does not matter how old the perpetrator (施暴者) of the violence is or what form it takes.(并且和施暴者的年龄和暴力形式没有关系)”承接自然，两句都是对暴力的定义，故选A。
3．C 解析：上文“It is not helpful for parents and teachers to ignore the matter by saying it is a private affair between the children and they can solve it by themselves.”与C项“That doesn't happen; instead the bullying becomes worse.”承接自然，选项中的that就是上文提到的“they can solve it by themselves”，故选C。
4．G 解析：上文“All violence should be prevented, and the most effective way of preventing bullying on campus is to call the police and let the professionals deal with it.”与G项“Especially, in China the role of the police is not only to enforce the law, but also to educate the public about punishments for violations.”承接自然，选项是对上文的进一步陈述，其中police是关键词，故选G。
5．D 解析：上文“According to data from the United Nations Education, Science, and Culture Organization, over 32 percent of male pupils and 28 percent of female pupils suffer from campus violence with many suffering serious emotional and psychological problems as a result.”与D项“People even in their 50s or 60s may still suffer the hurt of childhood bullying.”承接自然，选项是对上文的进一步说明，两部分都提到了校园暴力给人带来的深远影响，故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021·潍坊一中考前模拟)I had a student today who got his finger stuck inside a test tube in science class.It was really quite stuck.This young man's finger __1__ to get whiter and whiter right before my eyes.
Remaining __2__， I suggested he carefully rotate (转动) the tube.It wouldn't move a bit.He __3__ soap and cold water.Still stuck.Meanwhile __4__ was breaking out in the class.__5__， I sent the young man to our secretary, who was a miracle worker raising three kids of her own.With her in charge, I was __6__ all would be OK.
To get the students back in order, I __7__ my own story of getting my knee stuck between the rails of a balcony.Same kind of curiosity, I remembered __8__ then how far I could thrust (塞) my knee between the rails.Inch by inch, I kept __9__ and before I knew it, my knee was stuck and __10__ before my eyes and in front of lots of strangers at a popular Las Vegas hotel!
Hearing my story, many students followed with their own __11__ of heads, arms, fingers stuck in places they shouldn't be.A few minutes later, the young man came back, test tube unbroken and finger __12__ to lovely shade of pink.
I just couldn't get mad at this kid.He's only twelve.I too got my knee unstuck, but not without great __13__．The excuse for me, however, was not __14__ but plain stupidity.I was __15__ fifty years old when this happened.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个学生在作者的课堂上把手指卡在了试管里，尝试多种办法都失败了，最后作者把他送到秘书那里，把手指拿出来了。班里一片混乱，为了稳定学生，作者与他们分享了各自被卡的经历。
1．A.used B．needed
C．happened D．continued
D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人的手指在我眼前继续变得越来越白。use意为“使用”，need意为“需要”，happen意为“发生”，continue意为“继续、持续”。根据上文“It was really quite stuck.”和下文“Remaining ______， I suggested he carefully rotate (转动)the tube.It wouldn't move a bit.He ______ soap and cold water.Still stuck.”可知，手指一直卡着，会继续(continue)变白。故选D。
2．A.calm B．silent
C．cheerful D．active
A 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我保持冷静，建议他小心地转动管子。calm意为“冷静的”，silent意为“沉默的”，cheerful意为“高兴的”，active意为“积极的”。根据下文“I suggested he carefully rotate (转动) the tube”可知，作者保持冷静(calm)。故选A。
3．A.lost B．fetched
C．tried D．accepted
C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他尝试着用肥皂和冷水。但依然是卡住的。lose意为“失去”，fetch意为“拿来”，try意为“尝试”，accept意为“接受”。学生手指卡住后，他尝试(try)着用肥皂和冷水，让手可以从管子中出来。故选C。
4．A.fire B．chaos
C．violence D．argument
B 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，教室里一片混乱。fire意为“火”，chaos意为“混乱”，violence意为“暴力”，argument意为“争论”。根据下文“To get the students back in order”可知，教室里一片混乱(chaos)。故选B。
5．A.Finally B．Gradually
C．Frequently D．Apparently
A 解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我把这个年轻人送到了我们的秘书那里，她是一个奇迹般的工人，自己养育了三个孩子。finally意为“最后”，gradually意为“逐渐地”，frequently意为“频繁地”，apparently意为“明显地”。做过多种尝试依然没成功，作者最后(finally)决定把这个年轻人送到秘书那里。故选A。
6．A.happy B．doubtful
C．surprised D．confident
D 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由她负责，我有信心一切都会好的。happy意为“高兴的”，doubtful意为“怀疑的”，surprised意为“惊讶的”，confident意为“有信心的”。根据上文“who was a miracle worker raising three kids of her own”可知，秘书有经验，作者有信心(confident)。故选D。
7．A.shared B．wrote
C．read D．heard
A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让学生们恢复秩序，我分享了我的膝盖卡在阳台的栏杆之间的故事。share意为“分享”，write意为“写”，read意为“读”，hear意为“听说”。作者跟学生分享(share)自己的故事。故选A。
8．A.calculating B．explaining
C．wondering D．reporting
C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于同样的好奇心，我记得当我想知道我的膝盖能在栏杆之间伸多远。calculate意为“计算”，explain意为“解释”，wonder意为“想知道”，report意为“报告”。作者将膝盖塞进栏杆是想知道(wonder)膝盖能在栏杆之间伸多远。故选C。
9．A.pushing B．climbing
C．walking D．kicking
A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一点一点地，我不停地推，在不知不觉中，我的膝盖被卡住了，在我眼前，在拉斯维加斯一家很受欢迎的酒店里当着很多陌生人的面，并肿了起来。push意为“推”，climb意为“爬”，walk意为“走”，kick意为“踢”。根据上文“I remembered ______ then how far I could thrust (塞) my knee between the rails”可知，作者在将膝盖往前推(push)。故选A。
10．A.shaking B．lifting
C．resting D．swelling
D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一点一点地，我不停地推，在不知不觉中，我的膝盖被卡住了，在我眼前，在拉斯维加斯一家很受欢迎的酒店里当着很多陌生人的面，并肿了起来。shake意为“摇晃”，lift意为“抬起”，rest意为“休息”，swell意为“肿胀”。根据上文“my knee was stuck”可知，作者的膝盖肿了(swell)，卡住了。故选D。
11．A.findings B．conclusions
C．stories D．news
C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：听了我的故事，很多学生都跟着讲起了自己的脑袋、胳膊、手指被卡在不该卡的地方的故事。finding意为“发现”，conclusion意为“结论”，story意为“故事”，news意为“新闻”。根据上文“I ______ my own story of getting my knee stuck between the rails of a balcony.”可知，很多学生都跟着讲起了自己的故事(story)。故选C。
12．A.pointing B．returning
C．belonging D．growing
B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，这个年轻人回来了，试管完好无损，他的手指又恢复到一种可爱的粉红色。point意为“指向”，return意为“返回”，belong意为“属于”，grow意为“增长”。上文手指变得越来越白，但下文是可爱的粉红色，所以手指是恢复(return)到正常。故选B。
13．A.encouragement B．disappointment
C．embarrassment D．achievement
C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的膝盖拿出来了，但还是会尴尬。encouragement意为“鼓励”，disappointment意为“失望”，embarrassment意为“尴尬”，achievement意为“成就”。根据上文“my knee was stuck and ______ before my eyes and in front of lots of strangers at a popular Las Vegas hotel”可知，作者很尴尬(embarrassment)。故选C。
14．A.ambition B．youth
C．bravery D．experiment
B 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我的借口不是年轻而是单纯的愚蠢。ambition意为“雄心”，youth意为“年轻”，bravery意为“勇敢”，experiment意为“实验”。根据下文“I was ______ fifty years old when this happened.”可知，此处是说作者的借口不是年轻(youth)。故选B。
15．A.above all B．in total
C．after all D．at random
C 解析：考查短语辨析。句意：这件事发生的时候我毕竟已经50岁了。above all意为“首先”，in total意为“总共”，after all意为“毕竟”，at random意为“任意地”。根据下文“fifty years old when this happened”可知，这里是转折，结合选项，毕竟(after all)符合语境。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2021·广东惠州一模)Today, Mount Qomolangma's peak is not a lonely place any more.Over 3，500 people have 1.____________(successful) climbed the mountain over the past years.Meanwhile, climbers have complained about 2.____________(wait) for hours in the bottlenecks.
In fact, the dangerous 3.____________(crowd) aren't the only problem.All those climbers need 4.____________(bring) a lot of gear (装置) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains, becoming the world's 5.____________(tall) rubbish dump.
But the good news is 6.____________ some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma.Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008.So far they 7.____________(collect) over 13 tons of garbage.
Some of that rubbish is even being used for 8.____________ higher purpose.As part of the Mount Everest 8844 Art Project, a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage.They've changed the cans and oxygen tanks into 74 pieces of art that have been exhibited 9.____________ Nepal's capital.Part of the profit from sales 10.____________(be) available for the Everest Pakeers Association which has helped collect tons off rubbish off the mountain.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。有很多人成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰的同时，他们遗留的垃圾也造成了环境问题。幸好有环保登山者，他们致力于清理珠穆朗玛峰，并做出了巨大成绩。收集的垃圾被制成艺术品陈列在尼泊尔首都，目的是提醒人们环保登峰。
1．successfully 解析：考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里已经有超过3 500人成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。climbed为动词，应用副词修饰。故填successfully。
2．waiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，登山者们抱怨在瓶颈路段等候时间很长。句中about是介词，其后接v. ing形式作宾语。故填waiting。
3．crowds 解析：考查主谓一致。句意：事实上，这些危险的人群不是唯一的问题。分析句子结构可知，提示词作为句子主语，谓语动词是are，所以主语用复数形式。故填crowds。
4．to bring 解析：考查固定短语。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠穆朗玛峰上，成为世界上最高的垃圾场。根据固定搭配need to do sth.(需要做某事)可知，此处应该用不定式形式。故填to bring。
5．tallest 解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：所有的登山人员都需要带很多的装备，这些装备中有很多最终都被留在了珠穆朗玛峰上，成为世界上最高的垃圾场。句中的rubbish dump是名词词组，所以用形容词修饰，再根据句意可知，此处表示“世界最高的垃圾场”，故用形容词最高级。故填tallest。
6．that 解析：考查表语从句。句意：但好消息是一些登山者现在正在从事清扫珠穆朗玛峰的工作。分析句子结构可知，此处是表语从句，从句“some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma”的句子成分和句意都是完整的，所以用连接词that。故填that。
7．have collected 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，他们已经收集了超过13吨的垃圾。句中So far(到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志词，主语是they，应用have done。故填have collected。
8．a 解析：考查冠词。句意：那些垃圾中的一部分甚至有一个更高的使用目的。句中purpose是可数名词单数，根据句意此处不是特指，应用不定冠词。故填a。
9．in 解析：考查介词。句意：他们已经把易拉罐和氧气瓶变成了74件艺术品，这些艺术品已在尼泊尔的首都展出。根据句意可知，此处应为“在尼泊尔的首都”，所以应用介词in。故填in。
10．is 解析：考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，be动词对应的主语是profit(利益、利润)，它是不可数名词，根据全文可知，时态应为一般现在时。故填is。
写作新题型(八)
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2021·浙江9＋1高中联盟联考)假设你是李华，明年要去英国留学，想通过一家英国留学机构寻找寄宿家庭。请你写一封信给代理人亚历克斯(Alex), 说明你的要求，内容包括：
1.住宿条件；
2.对房东的期待。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dear Alex，
I am Li Hua, a student from China.I am planning to study in London next year.Now I am contacting you to help me find a host family that meets my requirements.
First, I'd like a clean and comfortable room of my own that contains a washing machine with no additional charge.Second, the apartment should be conveniently located near my school.Finally, I'd appreciate it if the family members were mild and easy to get along with.
Thank you and look forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021·山东济南二模)When Jayce Crowder was in kindergarten, he began noticing that he looked different from his classmates.They had two hands.But he had only one.
It started when one boy teased him.Jayce was in a bad mood.He'd return home in Des Moines, Iowa, with questions: Why am I different Why me Why “He actually told us that he was mad at looking so different from others，” said his mother, Cortney Lewis.“That really hurt him.”
Lewis admitted she didn't know what to do at that point.How could she provide answers to her son's questions when she had never found those answers herself
A few weeks later, Lewis came home from her job and turned on the TV to a news story about Trashaun Willis, an eighth grader from Washington, Iowa.The boy, then 14, had become an Internet star after posting videos of his slam clunks (扣篮), and, like Jayce, he was missing most of his left arm.Lewis called Jayce in.He was shocked, staring at one dunk after another.
At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun would simply be an inspiring moment for Jayce—he'd see a shining role model with a seemingly similar born disability.And had it stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy.But little did she know that a family friend had already reached out to the Des Moines Register, asking the newspaper to help set up a meeting with Trashaun to build Jayce's confidence.
“It reassured me，” said Lewis.“I know in my heart that everything's going to be OK.Trashaun has grown up to be a wonderful kid.And I know Jayce is too.”
Trashaun did get serious with Jayce.Finally, the boys met at Washington Middle School on a Saturday afternoon a couple of months later, in April, and they instantly bonded.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
The day was not spent on self pity—it was really fun and unforgettable.__________________________________________________________
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After the meeting, Jayce learned to accept his disability.______________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
The day was not spent on self pity—it was really fun and unforgettable.They rode bikes around the school's hallways, took photos, and played hide and seek.Trashaun taught Jayce how to slam dunks.He even gave Jayce a shirt as a gift.He talked about their left arms.He told Jayce he was perfect the way he looked.He encouraged him not to let anyone drag him down and shake his confidence.
After the meeting, Jayce learned to accept his disability.He began to understand that there are many people like him.He came to adapt himself to his disability.He recently started practising shooting basketball every day and he really loves it.Jayce often chats with Trashaun on the Internet about basketball skills as well as some school issues.He is really motivated by this role model and has a positive attitude to his future life.As for Trashaun, he never dreamed that his videos would have such an impact.His relationship with Jayce made him look forward to helping more kids.
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