高考英语定语从句（一）
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定语从句
授课人：张老师
授课时间：Nov.17
Warming-up:
Haste makes waste.欲速则不达。
?语法专题---定语从句
?重点单词和短语
?综合练习（阅读理解）
Ⅰ.Grammar---Attributive Clauses
定义：
在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词，起定语的作用的句子。其中被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词，定语从句常跟在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
e.g: He wrote a lot of books which many people have read.
二．分类：
限制性定语从句 (Defining Attributive Clauses）
非限制性定语从句(Non-defining Attributive Clauses)
e.g: The Yangtze River, which is more than 6,000 kilometers long, is the third longest river in the world.
三．关系词的选择：
1. 基础巩固
1) 引导词：
定从引导词的三种功能：
①在从句的开头引导一个定语从句，把它和主句连接起来，形成主从句关系；
②替代先行词且先行词绝不可省，引导词有时可以省；
③在从句中充当适当的成分。
关系代词：
当先行词是指人的名词或代词时：that, who: 在从句中作主语/宾语（作宾语时可省）
whom: 在从句中作宾语（可省）
当先行词是指物的名词或代词时：that, which：在从句中作主语/宾语（作宾语时可省）
当先行词指人/物时： whose(……的): 在从句中只能作定语
e.g: Do you know the man whose name is Jack?
关系副词：
当先行词为表示时间、地点、原因等名词时，且在从句中作状语，用when, where, why引导。
e.g: Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
注：怎样选择关系代词/关系副词：
This is the place where we work.（vi.）
This is the place which we visited. (vt. )
e.g: That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
四.解题技巧：做定从的两个步骤：
找先行词
看从句中缺什么成分：主宾表---关代；状----关副；定语----whose
E.g: In fact the man didn’t understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
基础过关：
1. This is the room _________I lived ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
2. This is the room _________I lived in ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
3. This is the room _________I bought ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
4. This is the room _________I visited ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
5. This is the room _________I was born ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
第1题选B，因为 live 是不及物动词，它无需接宾语；第2题选A，因为虽然 live 不及物，但live in 却是及物，它应有自己的宾语；第3、4题也应选A，因为 buy 和 visit均为及物动词，它们应有自己的宾语；第5应选B，因为 be born 无需有自己的宾语。
小试身手：
1. If a shop has chairs ___ women can park their children, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. Where
2. I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
A. when; which?????????B. which; when????C. what; that?????????D. on which; when
3. We should give a hand to the people _____ need help. A. who B. whose C. whom D. when
4. This is the dictionary ____ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
6. Do you like music _______ makes you excited ？ A. that B. who C. whom D. it
7. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. Whoever
8. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose
9. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which
能力提升：
1.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 2.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 3.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 4.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 5.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 6.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 7.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
KEY: 1. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 2. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 3．A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。 4．C. 解析同第5题。 5. A. 解析见第3题。 6. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。 7. A. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.
语法过手训练
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 2.Is there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 3.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 4.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 5.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 6.I have two grammars, ______are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 7. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though
8. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which
授课人：张老师
授课时间：Nov.17
Warming-up:
Haste makes waste.欲速则不达。
?语法专题---定语从句
?重点单词和短语
?综合练习（阅读理解）
Ⅰ.Grammar---Attributive Clauses
定义：
在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词，起定语的作用的句子。其中被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词，定语从句常跟在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
e.g: He wrote a lot of books which many people have read.
二．分类：
限制性定语从句 (Defining Attributive Clauses）
非限制性定语从句(Non-defining Attributive Clauses)
e.g: The Yangtze River, which is more than 6,000 kilometers long, is the third longest river in the world.
三．关系词的选择：
1. 基础巩固
1) 引导词：
定从引导词的三种功能：
①在从句的开头引导一个定语从句，把它和主句连接起来，形成主从句关系；
②替代先行词且先行词绝不可省，引导词有时可以省；
③在从句中充当适当的成分。
关系代词：
当先行词是指人的名词或代词时：that, who: 在从句中作主语/宾语（作宾语时可省）
whom: 在从句中作宾语（可省）
当先行词是指物的名词或代词时：that, which：在从句中作主语/宾语（作宾语时可省）
当先行词指人/物时： whose(……的): 在从句中只能作定语
e.g: Do you know the man whose name is Jack?
关系副词：
当先行词为表示时间、地点、原因等名词时，且在从句中作状语，用when, where, why引导。
e.g: Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
注：怎样选择关系代词/关系副词：
This is the place where we work.（vi.）
This is the place which we visited. (vt. )
e.g: That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
四.解题技巧：做定从的两个步骤：
找先行词
看从句中缺什么成分：主宾表---关代；状----关副；定语----whose
E.g: In fact the man didn’t understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
基础过关：
1. This is the room _________I lived ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
2. This is the room _________I lived in ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
3. This is the room _________I bought ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
4. This is the room _________I visited ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
5. This is the room _________I was born ten years ago.
A. that B. where C. who D. what
第1题选B，因为 live 是不及物动词，它无需接宾语；第2题选A，因为虽然 live 不及物，但live in 却是及物，它应有自己的宾语；第3、4题也应选A，因为 buy 和 visit均为及物动词，它们应有自己的宾语；第5应选B，因为 be born 无需有自己的宾语。
小试身手：
1. If a shop has chairs ___ women can park their children, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. Where
2. I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
A. when; which?????????B. which; when????C. what; that?????????D. on which; when
3. We should give a hand to the people _____ need help. A. who B. whose C. whom D. when
4. This is the dictionary ____ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
6. Do you like music _______ makes you excited ？ A. that B. who C. whom D. it
7. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. Whoever
8. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose
9. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which
能力提升：
1.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 2.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 3.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 4.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 5.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 6.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 7.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
KEY: 1. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 2. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 3．A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。 4．C. 解析同第5题。 5. A. 解析见第3题。 6. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。 7. A. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.
语法过手训练
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 2.Is there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 3.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 4.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 5.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 6.I have two grammars, ______are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 7. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though
8. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which