Module 2 Mass media Unit 5 Magazine articles知识点详解2021-2022学年牛津上海版英语八年级下册

沪教牛津版八年级下 Unit 5 Save the endangered animals讲解
一、重点单词讲解
1. endangered adj. 濒危的 an endangered animal 一只濒危的动物
danger n. 危险 in (great) danger 处于（巨大的）危险中
dangerous adj. 危险的
eg. We should try our best to protect the ____________ (danger) animals.
Snakes are ____________. Don ’ t touch them or you will be in _______. (danger)
2. file n. 档案 ; 电脑上的文件夹 fact file 纪实档案，档案录
eg. You must record and keep a file of all expenses. 你必须对所有的花费进行记录并存档。
3. giant panda n. 大熊猫
eg. The government is encouraging farmers to leave the giant panda reserves. 政府鼓励农民离开大雄高保护区。
4. obligation n. 义务；责任
eg. Children have the obligation to take care of their old parents. 子女有照顾年迈父母的义务。
5. wild adj. 野生的 wild animals/ flowers 野生动物 / 野花
N. 自然环境；野生状态 in the wild 在野外
eg.It is hard to survive in the wild. 在野外生存是很困难的。
6. bamboo n. 竹；竹子 bamboos （复数）
bamboo leaves 竹叶 bamboo forest 竹林 bamboo shoots 竹笋
7. adult n. 成年动物 ; 成年人 adj. 成年的
eg. The fish return to the river as adults in order to breed. 这种鱼长成后回到河中产卵。
Children and adults should have equal rights. 儿童和成年人应该享有平等的权利。
I have spent most of my adult life in London. 我成年后的大部分时间都在伦敦度过。
8. weight n. 重量；体重 weigh v. 有 ...... 的重量；称 ...... 的重量
eg. What is your height ad weight 你的身高和体重多少？
Turkeys can reach weights of up to 50 pounds. 火鸡可重达 50 磅。
She weighs 60 kilograms.=She is 60 kilos in weight.
lose weight 减肥 put on weight 增肥
9. kilogram n. 公斤 （ pl. kilograms ）
10. population n. 人口 , 数量
eg.The population of this city is six million. 这个城市的人口是 600 万 .
China’s population is much larger than that of Australia. 中国的人口比澳大利亚的人口多得多 .
population 必须用 big, large / small 修饰 不可以用 many ,much 修饰
What is the population of Germany =How many people are there in Germany 德国的人口是多少
11. behaviour n. ( 动植物的）活动方式；行为，举止 behave v. 表现
eg. Those scientists are learning about the behaviours of dolphins. 那些科学家正在研究海豚的习性。
Ted should be responsible for his own behaviour. 特德要对他自己的行为负责。
Teachers often tell their students to mind their behavior. 老师经常提醒同学们注意自己的行为 .
They behaved very badly towards their guests. 他们对和人很不礼貌。
He behaves like a true gentleman. 他的行为像个真正的绅士。
12. birth v. 出生；诞生 birthday n. 生日 birth date 出生日期 birthplace 出生地 birth rate 出生率
at birth 出生时 give birth to 生出 , 生产 birthmark 胎记
eg. The birth of his grandchildren gave him great pleasure. 孙子孙女的出生给他带来了极大的快乐。
A giant panda is tiny at birth.
The cat gave birth to five kittens.
13. patch n. 色斑；斑点
eg. The black dog has a white patch on its back. 这条黑狗的背上有一块白斑。
14. shoulder n. 肩；肩膀
eg. Mother put her arm round the boy’s shoulder. 母亲揽着这个男孩的肩膀。
15. central adj. 中心的 , 中央的 centre n. 中心 , 中央 the centre of London 伦敦市的中心
eg. He lives in central London. 他住在伦敦中部 .
16. Asia n. 亚洲 Asian adj. 亚洲的 n. 亚洲人
eg. China is in Asia and it is an Asian country.
17.face n. 脸 v. 面对 face to face 面对面 ＊ face the music 接受惩罚
eg. There are tears on her face.
The giant pandas are facing dangers.
18. menu n. 菜单
eg. What’s on the menu tonight 今晚有什么菜？
19. fur n. ( 动物的）毛皮
eg. The animal is hunted for its fur. 狩猎这种动物是为了获取其毛皮。
20. cruel adj. 残忍的；残酷的 cruelty n. 残忍； 虐待；残暴的行为
eg. Don’t be cruel to animals! 不要虐待动物！
Her eyes are cruel and hard. 她目光冷酷。
二、词组短语
fact file 档案
the giant panda 大熊猫
in the wild 在野生环境中
at birth 出生时
on one’s own=by oneself 独自
close to 几乎；接近
become/ be good at 擅长
heard of 听说
at least 至少； 起码
cut down 砍倒
give birth to 生孩子，产 子
learn about 知悉，了解
a kind of 一种
all kinds of=all sorts of 各种各样的
the rest of 其余的
between…and… 在 … 和 … 之间
feel sorry about 为 … 感到遗憾
in memory of 纪念
fly away 飞离
fall asleep 入睡
the number of … …… 的数目
protect sb./ sth. from/ against 保护某人或某物免受 某物伤害
Central and Western China 中西部地区
South-East Asia 东南亚
South China tigers 华南虎
the bamboo forests 竹林
as much as 像 ...... 那样多
stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康
up to 达到
the red-crowned crane 丹顶鹤
live harmony with nature 与自然和谐相处
a girl called... 一个叫 ...... 的女孩
a nature reserve 一个自然保护区
day and night 日日夜夜
go missing [ 美国口语 ] 不在，缺席
the missing bird 失踪的鸟
strong enough 足够强壮
be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事
三、重点句型
1. It is not difficult for them to climb trees.
2. They are strong enough to protect themselves.
3. It is cruel of them to do so.
4. A giant panda can eat as much as 30 kilograms of bamboo a day.
5. They need to eat a lot to stay healthy, so they spend more than 12 hours a day eating.
6. The rest of its body is white.
中考考点
考点 1 ：疑问词 + 不定式短语
疑问代词或副词如 what/ who/ whom/ which/ where/ when/ how 后接不定式（即 to +V 原）。该结构常用作动词 know/ tell/ ask/ teach 等的宾语
【原文】 Talk about how to save an endangered animal.
你能教我怎样包饺子吗？
Could you please teach me dumplings
他问我把他的车停在哪儿。
He asked me his car.
【练习】
1. — Which dress do you like best, Madam
— Sorry, I can’t decide now.
A. to buy which one B. buy which one
C. which one to buy D. which I should buy it
2. Please tell us next.
A. how to do B. what to do C. what to do it D. how I to do it
考点 2 ： population
1) population 常与定冠词 the 连用，做主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。当主语表示 “ 人口的百分之几，几分之几 ” 时，谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g The world’s population is increasing faster and faster.
我们城市大约百分之七十的人口是工人。
About seventy percent of in our city .
2) 表示人口的 “ 多 ” 或 “ 少 ” ，不用 much 或 little ，而要用 large 或 small 。
e.g The population of Chongqing is large.
3 ）表达 “ 某地 / 某一范围内有多少人口 ” 时，用 have / has a population of
e.g. China has a population of more than 1.3 billion.
【练习】
— What’s population of Shenzhen
— Shenzhen has population of 1.2 million.
A. /; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the
考点 3 ： rest 意为 “ 剩余部分 ” ； the rest of…… 意为 “…… 的剩余部分 ”
注意： the rest of 后接不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数；
若后接可数名词复数做主语，则谓语动词用复数。
【原文】 The rest of its body is white.
e.g. They’ll eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast.
【拓展】
1) rest 做名词，意为 “ 休息 ”
我们停下来休息一下。
We stopped .
2) rest 做动词，意为 “ 休息，使休息 ”
They half an hour.
【练习】
1. The rest of the boys (be) watching TV.
2. The rest of the money (be) stolen.
考点 4 ： the number of 与 a number of
【原文】 the total number of animals in an area……
the number of 意为 “…… 的数量 ” ，做主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式；
a number of 意为 “ 大量，许多 ” ， 后可接可数名词复数，做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
许多游客正前往长城。
tourists are travelling to the Great Wall.
城市的数量正在迅速增长。
cities is increasing quickly.
【练习】 There a number of books on the shelf, and the number of them 60.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
考点 5. on one’s own 独立地，自主地 =by oneself
【原文】 Pandas like to live on their own.
她错过了最后一次练习，这样 凯利 就可以自己演奏这首曲子了。
She missed the final practice so that Kylie could play this piece of music .
【拓展】
1 ） of one’s own 意为 “ 属于某人自己的 ”
我没有自己的房子。
I have no house .
2) with one’s own 意为 “ 用某人自己的 ” ， own 后接名词
请用你自己的想法做实验。
Please do experiments .
考点 6 ： stay 连系动词，意为 “ 保持（某种状态） ”
【原文】 They need to eat a lot to stay healthy……
【拓展】 连系动词 be(am, is, are), become, get, turn, look, keep, seem 等词的后面，说明主语的特征、状态或身份，后接形容词
食物尝起来很美味。 The food . 　
这个故事听起来很有趣。The story .
【练习】 He laughs , but he appears not .
A. happy; happy B. happily; happily C. happy; happily D. happily; happy
考点 7. enough “ 足够地 ” 作副词， 修饰形容词或副词。
enough “ 足够地 ” 作形容词，修饰名词
【练习】 They have and to travel around the world.
A. enough time; rich enough B. enough money; enough rich
C. money enough; strong enough D. time enough; rich enough
考点 8 ： cut down “ 砍到 ”
【原文】 People are cutting down forests, so the pandas are losing their homes.
【拓展】 cut away 砍掉 cut back 剪短 cut off 砍下 cut up 切碎
考点 9 ： between 与 among
【原文】 the part of body between the arms and the necks
between…and… 在 … 和 … 之间 （两者之间）
among （三者或三者以上之间）
考点 10 ： instead 与 instead of (=in place of )
【原文】 Instead , you can move your eyes quickly over the text to find the information you need.
【练习】 I will read newspapers seeing a film.
A. instead B. instead of C. and D. in the place of
考点 11 ： look after 照顾，照看 =take care of
【原文】 It look after endangered animals.
【拓展】 look at 看 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look up 查询
【练习】 Linda, I have to go shopping now. Please your little sister at home.
A. look for B. look like C. look after D. look up
考点 12 ： feel sorry about = be sorry for “ 为 …… 感到遗憾 ”
【原文】 I feel sorry about it.
【练习】
Yesterday I didn’t take part in the dancing competition, so I felt sorry about it.
= Yesterday I didn’t take part in the dancing competition, so I it.
考点 13 ： must, have to
must: 强调主观看法，没有人称，数和时态的变化。 must 引起的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 must ；否定回答用 needn’t.
have to: 强调客观需要。有人称，数和时态的变化，进行句式转换时要借助动词 do/does/did.
我们必须努力学习 课程 。 We work hard at our lessons.
你必须在体育课上穿运动鞋。 You wear sports shoes for your P.E. class.
【练习】
1. — Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you, Dad
— No, you , son. You’re free to make your own decision.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
2. You smoke. You are only 14 and it isn’t allowed.
A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. needn’t D. won’t
考点 14 ： stop to do/ stop doing remember to do/ remember doing
【练习】
1. Remember off the lights when you leave the classroom.
A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. turned
2. If you don’t feel well, you may just .
A. stop reading B. stopped reading C. stopped to read D. stop to read
四、语法精讲
（一）
It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 表示做某事对某人来说很 adj. 句中的 adj. 应该是对这件事的评价。这句型可用的形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价。这类形容词有 difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, (im)possible 等。 句型结构：
1. It is important for us to protect them.
2. It is cruel of them to do so
3. They are strong enough to protect themselves.
【练习一】
1. 对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险
It’s very___________ ___________ children to cross the busy street
2. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难
It’s___________ ___________ us to finish the work
3. 拥有健康的饮食习惯对我们来说很必要
It’s___________ ___________ us to have healthy eating habits
4. 保护环境对我们来说很重要
It’s___________ ___________ us to protect the environment
（二）
It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 表示某人做某事是 adj. 句中的 adj. 应该是对这个人做这件事的评价，形容词多用形容人的。这句型可用的形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格，品质的，如 kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish 等
【练习 二 】
1. 你离开他是很明智的
It is___________ ___________ ___________ you to leave him.
2. 你能帮我，真好
It’s very___________ ___________ you to help me.
3. 你真聪明，解出了这道数学题
It’s___________ ___________ you to work out the maths problem.
（三）
注意区别：
o f sb. 的句型通常都可以转换为不定式作状语的句子，但 for sb. 句型不可以。如：
1. It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat.
=You are nice to offer me a seat.
2. It is careless of him to lose so many things.
=He is careless to lose so many things.
【练习 三 】
1. It’s kind of you to help me.= ________________________________________.
2. ________________________________________. =You are right to do that.
（四）
Adj.+enough+(not) to do 足以 adj. （而不）去做某事。 Enough 是副词，修饰前面的形容词，表示程度， enough 后面的动词不定式表示结果。因此， “ 形容词 +enough+ 动词不定式 ” 结构可以用 “so...that...” 结构改写。
John is strong enough to carry the box.=John is so strong that he can carry the box.
【练习 四 】
1. 他足够大以至于能完成这项任务 .
He is___________ ___________ ___________ finish this task.
2. 他足够聪明可以顺利地做一名领导者 .
He is___________ ___________ ___________ be a leader.
3. It is difficult enough___________ ___________ ___________ this problem.(work out)
4. He is rich enough ___________ ___________ this new car.(buy)
5. She is pretty enough ___________ ___________ the gentlemen.(attract)
总结： 1.not+adj.+enough+to do sth.
2.adj.+enough+not to do sth=too...to
3.so...that.../such...that...
【 综合练习 】
一、 用介词 for, of 填空
1. It’s bad ___________ you to smoke.
2. It is nice ___________ you to give me such advice.
3. It is important ___________ me to protect wildlife.
4. It’s polite ___________ you to keep quiet when you’re eating.
5. It was generous ___________ her to lend me so much money.
6. It is easy ___________ me to answer this question.
7. It is difficult ___________ me to work out this problem.
8. It’s clever ___________ her not to take the gift.
9. It is unnecessary ___________ me to sweep the floor.
10. It is happy ___________ me to help others.
二、 完成句子
1. 我的邻居很好，我不在家的时候帮我照顾我的小狗
___________ kind ___________ my neighbours to care for my little dog.
2. 大家共同预防事故的发生是必要的
It’s necessary ___________ us to prevent accidents _________ __ ___________
3. 新体育馆足够大，能容纳 3,000 个观众
The new stadium is___________ ___________ ___________ hold 3,000 spectators.
4. 他太忙了，不能为孩子们准备晚餐
He is___________ ___________ ___________ prepare the dinner for the children.
5. 他跑得太快了，没人能追上他
He ran___________ fast___________ no one could catch up with him.