中考专项复习——名词

课件28张PPT。Welcome to my class.Topic: noun做练习,说考点1. There are about 20 _______ in the room. They are going to have a party.
A. Chinese B. sheep C. worker D. student
2. There are some _______ in these _______.
A. knife, pencil-case B. knives, pencil-case
C. knives, pencil-cases D. knife, pencil-cases
3. There is no ______ of going there now.
A. ways B. means C. buses D. planes
4. On _______, we always had a good time in our childhood.
A. Children’s Day B. the Children’s Day
C. Children’ Day D. the Children’ Day
5. While seeing the film there, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say
my seat was between _______.
A. Ted and Ben B. Ted’s and Ben
C. Ted and Ben’s D. Ted’s and Ben’s名词：表示人或事物名称的词叫名词。专有名词1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。
专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。
如：Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)
★专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。
如：the Great Wall(长城)
★姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),
如：the Greens( 格林一家人）普通名词 1. 群体名词 (有复数含义） family class
2. 个体名词: （有单/复数的区分） eg. a boy two boys ； a desk two desks
3. 物质名词: (多为不可数名词,没有复数形式）
coffee water milk meat
4. 抽象名词: （为不可数名词没有复数形式）
pleasure health time space/room(空间）名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, foot.
名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。
▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange；
▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information .
三、可数名词与不可数名词八字歌可数不可数好分辨，名词所示物分两半；
如每半不能叫全名，那盖茨可数最公平；
每半还能把全名叫，不可数名词就遇到；
有的名词是两面堵，意变不可数为可数。
英语可数名词单复数规则变化：
在单数名词词尾加s。如：map → maps, boy→ boys, horse→ horses, table→ tables.在清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/
s, x ,sh, ch结尾的词加 es.如：class→ classes, box→ boxes,, dish→ dishes, bench→ benches.读/iz/以o结尾的词，变复数时
无生命的直接加s
如 piano→ pianos photo — photos radio — radios zoo — zoos
有生命的直接加es，
如tomato-tomatoes
potato — potatoes
hero→ heroes
两种方式都可的 ，如zero---zeros / zeroes以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es
如：family→ families,
city→ cities, party→ parties.
以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。
如：shelf→ shelves,
wolf→ wolves, life→ lives, knife→ knives.2、不规则变化：有些名词有不规则的复数形式。
例如： child---children mouse---mice
man — men 男人 woman — women 妇女
tooth — teeth 牙齿 foot — feet
有些名词的单复数形式相同。例如；
deer，sheep, fish，Chinese，Japanese ，Jin Yuan，
但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式，a dollar, two dollars有些学科名词虽以s 结尾，但通常都做单数名词看待。
例如： physics 物理 politics 政治 news 新闻
有些单数形式的名词具有复数的含义，要当作复数看待。
例如：people 人们，人民
police 警察 public 公众 集体名词◆不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。
a bag of rice→ two bags of rice
a piece of paper→ three pieces of paper
a bottle of milk→ five bottles of milk. 2. 不可数名词的转化
(1) 物质名词表示种类或具体事物时则成为可数名词。如：glass (玻璃) a glass (一个玻璃杯)，tea (茶) two teas (两杯茶)，ice (冰) three ices (三个冰淇淋)。
(2) 抽象名词具体化时也可成为可数名词。如：beauty (美丽) a beauty (一个美人)，youth (青春) a youth (一个青年)。
(3) 表示具体事物的可数名词，用于表示抽象或物质意义是，便转化为不可数名词。如：a room (一个房间) room (空间)，a chicken (一只小鸡) chicken(鸡肉).名词所有格1、名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：
(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。
如：Children's Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书)
(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。
如：Teachers’ Day(教师节)
在不规则复数名词后，要加's.如：women's clothes(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s. 如：
today’s newspaper(今天的报纸),
ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),
China’s population(中国的人口).
(4) 表示无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如：
a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).单数名词所有格在名词后加‘s
以s结尾的复数名词所有格在名词后加‘
有生命的事物可用名词所有格，无生命的事物用of结构
Of结构不论是可数还是不可数，都可用注① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)看我“七十二变”常具有赞美的意味 fulNOUN.词性变化y表示充满……的dangerous具有……的性质less没有……的名词专项练 1. --How well he sings!
-- Yes, he has a very sweet _______.
A. voice B. sound C. noise D. mouth
2. –Can I help you? – I’d like _______ for my daughters.
A. two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe
C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes
3. -- Do you like fruit? --I like _______ best.
A. potato B. chicken C. pears D. bread
4. Jenny’s shoes are worn out. She wants to buy a new _____.
A. shoe B. shoes C. one D. pair
5. There are few ______ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some peas, and carrots.
A. meat B. fruit C. vegetables D. Bread 名词专项练6. Look! Two ______ are talking happily under the tree.
A. man teacher B. men teacher
C. man teachers D. men teachers
7.-- Are you free tomorrow?
– No, I’m going to ______ with my parents.
A. my uncles B. my uncle
C. my uncle house D. my uncle’s
8. My school is about twenty ________ walk from here.
A. minute B. minutes C. minute’s D. minutes’
9. On my way home, I met ________.
A. an old my friend B. one of my friend
C. an old friend of mine D. one of my friends’
10. Ten years _______ quite a long time.
A. is B. are C. be D. were 指点迷津Ten years ______(is ,are) short time for me.
A pair of shoes ______(is, are) under the bed.
The number of the students in our school _____(is ,are) 2,000.
The woman with two children ______( is ,are ) coming here.
Neither he nor I _____(are, am ) an American.
isisisisamNOUN.指点迷津6. Maths ______(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy.
7. They are all _______________( woman, teachers ; women teachers).
8. The population of China _______(are, is ) over 1,300,000,000.
9. There are many ______(peoples,people )in the street in summer.
10. One of the students ______(have, has) gone to Shanghai.isiswomen teacherspeoplehasNOUN.典型例题解析
The Browns is going to visit China. ( )
The Browns are going to visit China. ( )
The young is dancing there. ( )
The young are dancing there. ( )
Physics are very difficult to learn. ( )
Physics is very difficult to learn. ( )
We have five Germen in this meeting. ( )
We have five Germans in this meeting. ( )
This is one of the English-Chinese dictionary. ( )
This is one of the English-Chinese dictionaries. ( ) √ √ √ √ √ Ⅹ Ⅹ Ⅹ Ⅹ Ⅹ NOUN.根据所给单词的正确形式填空：
1. Different people may have different _____. (idea)
2. I often go to work on . (foot)
3. I know one of the . (boy)
4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of . (glass)
5. Please give them their . (photo)
6. Are there any in the box? (watch)
7. There are twelve in a year. (month)ideasfootboysglassesphotoswatchesmonthsNOUN.小结:
1、名词的数的变化
2、名词所有格的运用，双重所有格。
3、名词的词型的变化。
Good bye!