中考英语复习--写作训练全讲解

课件54张PPT。《英语》写作训练英语记叙文的写作的方式Beginning（topic sentence 主题句) Middle Ending Concluding sentence 结论句Supporting sentence 支持句例子、实事、数据或引文记叙文写作方法： 采用“总分总”的写作方式 即先概括总述，再分述
最后再总述。
总述写作注意“四定”1. 定内容, 不折不扣。
2.定时态， 世态前后呼应。记叙文、日记一般用一般过去时；说明文、通知、布告、介绍等用一般现在时；计划等用一般将来时。
3.定人称，用第一人称亲近自然；用第三人称客观真实。
4.定句型、定词语；应依据内容。应该先定句型后定词语。写作注意的几个问题： 尽量使用简单句，如果复合句用不好就不要用，文章算不上完美，但很实用。要牢记 “避繁就简”原则。当然长句短句交叉使用最好。
把握要点，避免遗漏，注意发挥适度既不要多写也不要少写。注意句子与句子、段与段之间过渡自然，行文连贯，注意适当使用连词，例如：and ,so ,or, but, become, What’s more; What’ worse, not only…but also, neither…nor 等等。
再有学生语文水平的滑坡，使得英语老师不得不带领学生完成写作内容的挖掘。
写作注意的几个问题： 选词：普通的叙述文或短文，应该选择简洁、朴实、准确的大众化词语，避免使用矫饰、复杂、故弄玄虚的词，并尽可能挑选积极的动词。写作注意的几个问题： 措辞：能写出树的具体名称an apple tree, 就不要使用tree; 能说清具体数字时，就不要使用some;知道是某种专门的活动，就不要使用do去描述，词意越具体，越能给读者鲜明的印象。 写作注意的几个问题： 你如何写开头1.开头常用词语：
as far as we know 据我们所知
as everybody knows 众所周知at present 目前
first of all 首先
To tell the truth 老实说1.结尾常用词语：
after all 毕竟at last 最后in a word 总而言之finally, 最后we hope that··· 我们希望
In short 简言之clearly 显然你如何写结尾如何添加过度句、连接词补充说明 for example, besides，In addition(此外）， What’s worse! What’s more! Worst of all.
转折 however, yet, but
原因 thanks to, because of
结果 as result of , so ，so···that
范文2：I’ m pleased to write to ask for some help. I want to tell you some problems we meet in English study. First， some of us aren’t interested in English. They think studying English is such a boring thing to do. And then It’s so difficult for us to remember all the words in the texts. So lots of us 作文如何添加过度句、连接词作文如何添加过度句、连接词 don’t have enough confidence to keep up English study . And we are always afraid to join in the group discussion. What’s more, there are so many new words we hadn’t meet before in the passage. I don’t know what to do. Sometimes we can’t understand the main idea, let alone作文如何添加过度句、连接词 answer the questions about them. But the most difficult thing is to write. We often use wrong words and sentences. Can you help us ? How can we improve our English? Please give us some useful advice. Thank you very much. Write to me soon. Yours Fang Hua信息点与承接词的关系信息点是珠子，承接词是线，用线把珠子串连起来就是一条熠熠生辉、优雅华贵的项链。单独看某一方就成为一条破绳子，一堆烂珠子。如何写好好人好事的结尾
be proud of
speak highly of
follow one’s example
come true你如何写结尾近年中考写作的特色：描述+看法/感想1.写这类作文要求同学们先审题，弄清图示情境中的故事梗概。审题的内涵较广，不仅只对作文题的审视，也包括审视写作提示词、主题句、图以及对作文字数的要求。审题一旦出现偏误，就会“差之毫厘，谬以千里”。大部分同学不会写作，主要原因是不会审题, 通过审题， 抓取有效信息。考题在描述上是有限定的， 发表看法及感想是自由发挥的。范文1：在日常生活中你主动帮助你的父母做家务活吗？请你根据提示用英语写一篇80字左右的短文，描述你平时所作家务以及你对家务的看法。提示：1.扔垃圾 2. 扫地 3. 帮助妈妈做饭 4.洗衣服 5. 为花浇水 6. 饭后洗碗要求：语句通畅，语法正确。 不得逐句翻译。学生的优秀范文 （15分）AS we all know, It’s important to help parents do housework during our daily life. I often help them do housework. I throw the rubbish away and clean the floor in the morning. I help my mother cook the lunch . I always wash clothes for my family. My parents are very happy. Besides, Watering the flowers is also my duty. I like them very much and take good care of them. After supper, I always wash dishes . I think it can make my parents feel more enjoyable after work. In a word, the more housework I do, the happier my parents will be.（即总括又阐明看法）
学生的优秀范文 （15分）天津市书面表达考题日前,由教育部,国家体育总局,共青团中央联合举办“全国亿万少年阳光体育运动” 启动仪式,其影响巨大,意义深远.你在本校参加了此项活动,请根据表格中所给信息写一篇英语短文.年天津市书面表达考题注意:
词数80~100 个左右.
2.短文的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数.
3.短文须包括所有内容要点,但不要逐句
翻译,可适当加入细节,可适度发挥,使
短文通顺,连贯.
4. 文中不得使用真实姓名,校名.
书面表达考题书面表达考题参考词汇：the launching ceremony 启动仪式
build up one’s body strength 强身健体
More effective 效果更好
“Millions of young students nationwide sports sunshine” launched on April 29, 2007.The teachers and students in our school were organized to watch the launching ceremony .学生优秀范文 （15分） After that, all of us went to the playground. We had different kinds of sports that we liked for an hour. Some took part in running, some played basketball and football, and some did exercises. We enjoyed doing sports so much that we all forgot the time. We really had a good time.
学生优秀范文 （15分） Doing sports is very good for us. It helps to build up our body strength, Besides, our brains can have a good rest after doing sports. So our study can be more effective. So why not join us ? Doing sports an hour everyday, you can have a happier and better life.优秀范文讲评 讲评: 该文结构严谨, 思维清晰,在内容及感想间使用了不同的时态;一般过去时及一般现在时,发挥适度,长句短句交叉使用,句式赋于变化,用词得体,有很强的可读性, 文章的开头与结尾相互呼应,浑然一体,使主体得以升华.做到了naturally and clearly.好人好事假如你叫小明。下面的图画讲述了你和一位男孩在上周一发生的事情。请根据图画写出一篇日记。日记的开头已经给出Go to schoolSaw …fall offCarry …to Visit …withBe fine
thank看图作文Who was lying on the ground?
What happened to the boy?
When did it happen?
Where did it happen?
Why did it happen?
How was the boy?要求：1.日记应包括图画中所有内容。2.词数：70-80词。Monday June 2, 2008　　　　　　　　　　　　　Fine
　Last Monday, I went to school in the morning.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
"Not at all. I just did what I should do .”把好人好事做到底范文1Monday June2, 2008 Fine
Last Monday, I went to school in the morning.
When I was at the school gate, I saw a boy
fell off his bike and lie on the road. He was
badly hurt and couldn't move, so I carried him
to the hospital. When he was in hospital, I visited
him with some flowers and he was very happy.
After he was fine, he came to the school and said
to me, "Thank you very much, Xiao Ming." I
said, "Not at all. I just did something that I should do."好人好事Though we didn’t see the film, we were happy. After all we did Sth kind. Sth right 要记住哟仿写 英语有一句名言“Originality is always better than imitation”有创见比模仿好。
但对于英语的初学者来说应该反过来说更好，即“模仿比创见好。”仿写可使学生尽快入道， 可以进行段落仿写，课文仿写
甚至于经典句子的仿写。
例如新标准英语九年级上Page 34有这样一句话：
I’m looking forward to this.
(仿写1) I’m looking forward to hearing from you. (信尾使用）
(仿写2) I’m looking forward to your reply.
(仿写3) I look forward to the summer holiday.仿写句式富于变化例如；1.Jack came home at 7am yesterday.
--Jack didn’t came home until 7am yesterday.
2. We are good friends. We should help each other. ( good)
--We are good friends and we should help each other. (better)
--As we are good friends , we should help each other. ( best)3. I was careless. I lost a bag on the ground. (good )
---I was careless and lost a bag on the ground. (better)
---I was so careless that I lost a bag on the ground. (best)句式富于变化如何训练学生1.写一篇是一篇， 写文章的过程是不断修改提高的过程， 学生写好后，先相互修改，然后再交给老师修改。在批改作文时，教师把学生的作文共性的问题做笔录，为全班讲评。
2. 请三位好中差典型的同学利用课间把作文抄写在黑板上，进行集体讲评，这样达成双向交流评语，避免有些同学看不懂老师的评语。3. 考前强化训练是非常必要的，平时没有这么多的精力练写作，借助考试这股东风，提高写作水平，绝不是搞突击，走形式，玩技巧，拿个高分完事。练习基础的知识，为写作铺路搭桥，如重新组合句子，删除多余的句子，加过渡句，写主题句等等。如何训练学生4. 学生不写作文老师着急，学生写了作文，老师更着急，批改作文的速度远远慢于学生写作的速度。考前老师工作量很大，这时我就采用学生限时写作，写完后再听写范文，最后学生对照两篇文章，自我修改，再收上来，我们的工作量大减，同时学生也知道怎样写好作文。如何训练学生1.统一批改符号，例如：
删除 插入
替代 佳句
句子不通畅训练学生记住批改符号Look the book read对学生口语中错误不必“见错就纠”，但学生作文中差错，均应全部纠正， 这时因为书面语言具有永久性，人们对书面语差错的容忍度总是小于对口语中差错的容忍度，另一方面，书面语中的差错得不到纠正，就会在口语中再现。纠错纠错小到标点符号，大到文章结构，逻辑次序，语序等等。比如英语中没有顿号；省略号是三个点“···” 而不是汉语的六个点“······”； 再有冒号，中文里用冒号的地方，英语中常常用逗号；英语里句号是实心点，汉语里的句号空心点。
纠错 最近你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的讨论，其中的一个话题是：高考前有些家长在考场附近租住宾馆，陪孩子复习，这样做有无必要。请根据下表提供的信息给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况。75% 的同学认为不必住宾馆浪费钱，住在哪里与考试无关，父母陪伴反而增加压力。25%的同学认为有条件还是住宾馆好适应环境，节省路途用时，父母督促提高效率。 例8：Dear editor, When we discuss about whether it is good to book a room for kids at a hotel near the school where the exam will be taken, we have different opinions:75% of the students think that it is not necessary to rent a room at a hotel. They think it wastes money. They say the place where they stay has little to do with the exam. They also say it will increase their pressure if they stay withtheir parents. 25% of the students think it is better to rent room if their parents have the money. They believe it will help them suit to the surroundings; they also believe it will save the time from where to live to the exam site. And their parents can help them study better if they stay with them.
Yours，
Li Lei
Task I
Discussion:
What do you think of the composition? Are there any problems?
Dear editor,When we discuss about whether it is good to book a room for kids at a hotel near the school where the exam will be taken, we have different opinions:75% of the students think that it is not necessary to rent a room at a hotel. They think it wastes money. 请改作文hold the viewis a waste ofadd toThey say the place where they stay has little to do with the exam. They also say it will increase their pressure if they stay with their parents
add tohas little connection25% of the students think it is better to rent
room if their parents have the money. They
believe it will help them suit to the surroundings; they also believe it will save the
time from where to live to the exam site. And
their parents can help them study better if they stay with them. believe can affordadapted tourge them toefficiently 请改作文告诫一：抓住大分，再争取小分 ；锦上添花。
只抓小分,放弃大分;竹篮打水一场空
写作难在坚持，成在坚持。告诫二大家要下苦功夫，更要用巧功夫上海中考英语作文题:I'm proud of myself1、What kind of person are you?2、What makes you proud of yourself(Give an example/examples)3、Why are you proud of yourself?
范文：
I am a boy of less confidence. I always hate running .But as we all know, the students of Grade nine have to take part in the sports exam. At that moment, I just wanted to give up .but my parents encouraged me: “Impossible is nothing, ” “you could challenge yourself!” so with the encouragement of them，,I tried my best to run and insisted on running. When I got to the finishing line ,I felt proud of myself,though I didn’t get the good mark, I knew ,I won. I created a
miracle for myself and I was so proud of myself!
(以“I want to do something for my school（我想为学校做一件事）” 为题写—篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。）
学生习作1I want to make school clean. You may think it is very simple. But I don't think so. Our teacher said, "School is your home, you should keep it clean. "But I have never done anything to make school clean. For example, I have never told my classmate to pick up rubbish after he threw it on the ground. I also threw the rubbish on the ground. So I want to make school clean so that everyone can forgive me. During this summer holiday, I will go to school to make school clean. Of course, I will do it with my classmates. We will make school clean every weekends next term as well. Now, do you think it is simple?
评析此文分三层，先提出自己的观点，然后写出自己怎么做的，最后写了我可以让我的学校变得干净让每个人宽恕我，结尾紧扣全文，写出我会怎么做。全文立意新颖，区别于传统的作文，有自己的生活背景，写出了从我原来是怎么做到现在的转变过程，没有重大的语法错误，是一篇值得参考的好文章。 公共规则
　　★ 范文
　　It’s not allowed to throw litter anywhere in the public places. Everyone should obey the rules. Speaking loudly in the reading room is seemed to be very rude. Remember not to do anything that might make other people uncomfortable. We should stand in line when we are waiting for the bus. Try hard to give up the bad habits and develop good ones. We should respect the senior people and talk to them politely. Especially， we should give our seat to old people or women with babies on the bus. I think helping others can not only make us happy but also help us get more experience in life. Please cherish the public property.