人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction单元测试卷（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction单元测试卷（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-03-25 22:54:01 | ||
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Unit 1 Science Fiction ——2021-2022学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册单元测试卷
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an old person company and helps him remember to take medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. The researchers received a 3-million-dollar award from the National Science Foundation for the special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or AI, to Hasbro's "Joy for All" robot.
The cat has already been on sale for several years. Though priced at over 1,000 dollars, it sold quite well. It was meant to act as a "companion" for old people. Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers at Brown's Humanity Centered Robotics Initiative are working to decide which activities old adults may need the most. They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the person to take medicine or to see a doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.
It is an idea that has appealed to Jeanne Elliott. Her 93-year-old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The "Joy for All" cat that Elliott bought this year has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Elliott is at work. Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.
The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchange between humans and the cat in which humans feel the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.
1.What's the purpose of the project
A.To relieve the pain of the elderly. B.To promote the sales of a robot.
C.To invent a robotic cat for the elderly. D.To help make the robotic cat smarter.
2.Compared with the old model, what will the new robotic cat be like
A.Smaller. B.Cheaper. C.More talkative. D.Softer.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.A talking cat is quite popular among the elderly.
B.Feelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable.
C.Each family can afford such a cat in the future.
D.The feeling of being needed is vital to the elderly.
B
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
"The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate (旋转) and translate shapes," Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
1.In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play
A.Building confidence. B.Developing spatial skills.
C.Learning self-control. D.Gaining high-tech knowledge.
2.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment
A.Parents' age. B.Children's imagination.
C.Parents' education. D.Child-parent relationship.
3.How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play
A.They play with puzzles more often. B.They tend to talk less during the game.
C.They prefer to use more spatial language. D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.A mathematical method. B.A scientific study.
C.A woman psychologist. D.A teaching program.
C
Sometimes very odd things show up in ordinary places. In the 1800s,a strange sight began to be reported by farmers. Then in the 1970s, this strange event began to happen more and more often. People travelled for miles to stand in the fields and take photos of something they couldn't easily explain. What were they looking at It was the crop circles—large and complex designs set into the middle of ordinary farm fields. No one could understand how these huge designs were made.
Crop circles are found most often in fields of wheat, corn, or rice. They are usually created overnight, although some are reported to have appeared during the day. They have been seen in more than 70 different countries. Scientists have found that the plants inside a crop circle are drier than the ones outside it. The plant stems(茎) are bent but not broken in most crop circles, and sometimes the soil in the design has more iron than the soil outside of the design. Unfortunately, these facts alone do not help scientists answer their questions about crop circles. These facts only make them more mysterious.
Some people believe crop circles are made by UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) landing in farm fields. Others think aliens are leaving us messages in the beautiful designs. Still others believe Earth energy under the ground makes plants bend over in designs. Some people say they actually made the crop circles with special equipment. Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by people, but they are usually a little different from other crop circles. So who makes crop circles and why they make them can't be explained to this very day.
1. What does the underlined word "odd" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Big B. Bad. C. Unreal. D. Unusual.
2. It's generally thought that crop circles _____.
A. are made during the night
B. happen in the same places
C. are found in terrible places
D. have very frightening designs
3. Which of the following have the scientists proved
A. Some crop circles are man-made.
B. UFOs help create some crop circles.
C. There actually are crop circles made by aliens.
D. Earth energy is one reason for crop circles' appearance.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. The History of Crop Circles
B. Different Designs of Crop Circles
C. Crop Circles: The Unsolved Mystery
D. Crop Circles: The Great Influence on Farms
D
Not only doe s the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic bottles in America end up in a recycling bin, which means over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.
It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can be either drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡) without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events, such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.
The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied for a patent(专利权) on their new advancements. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than a plastic bottle. It has appeared at events in London, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.
Ooho has caught many people's attention and has raised over $ 1 million and gained 1,000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumers' interest while the production machine is running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.
1.How is most plastic dealt with in America
A.It's sold. B.It's recycled. C.It's processed. D.It's wasted.
2.Why did the team invent Ooho
A.To make a profit for a company. B.To protect the environment.
C.To make people eat as they drink. D.To reduce the cost of plastic bottles.
3.What can we infer about Ooho from the text
A.It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.
B.It has become popular since it began to be sold.
C.It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.
D.It has cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.
4.What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph
A.Ooho is to be a success in the future.
B.Ooho is being supported by smart people.
C.Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.
D.Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Smartphones store a lot of personal data. These devices know our names, the names of our friends, our addresses and where we are right now. ①_____ A weather app needs to know where a person is to report the local forecast, for example.
Many smartphone apps don't cost anything to download and use. But don't be fooled. There's still a price. ②_____ Those same apps may often send data such as your salary or your address on to advertisers as well. Those advertisers will pay well to know how people behave and live. Once your data leave a device, you can't get them back. And that data theft may not be harmless. Moreover, those data may tell when someone leaves home and when he gets back. ③_____ Social media sites often have access to a user's images and posts.
Recently a new online tool has been developed to track the misuse of private data. ④_____ It tells people when their apps are sending data, and which can help spot the misuse. SPEProxy identifies the misuse of data using an approach that has already been used to diagnose illnesses.
In the clinical field, a kind of medical software has been tested out and used to collect data from a patient. Then it compares them to those symptoms of many possible illnesses to make a diagnosis.
Right now, people can only track data with the new tool by going to a website. ⑤_____ It's also a bit awkward to use. People may not want to take the trouble to get online to track their data. A more convenient version that people could install on their phones is in urgent need.
A. It is called SPEProxy.
B. That means it's limited.
C. It is more than convenient to use in computers.
D. Your privacy is what's paid for it.
E. Some apps use those data to do their job.
F. Some apps may charge you much money to operate.
G. They can show how and where people spend their days.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Taking a trip to a bank's ATM machine is usually a common affair. But for Jose Nu ez Romaniz, his 1 on Sunday is one that he won't 2 for the rest of his life.
The 19-year-old college student was making a 3 for his grandfather online when he noticed his account balance(账户余额) was 4 . So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money. Little did he know that he was about to make an incredible 5 .
When he arrived, Jose noticed a plastic bag on the ground filled with cash, which turned out to be $ 135 , 000. "When I first saw it, I was very 6 , not knowing what to do," Jose told The New York Times. After taking a moment to 7 himself, Jose called the police. And the police soon discovered that the money had 8 been left behind by a worker 9 with refilling the ATM.
Thinking that it was the biggest amount of money ever found and 10 in Albuquerque's history, the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony to honor Jose for his 11 . And, perhaps best of all, the police chief invited Jose to 12 a job as a public service aide for the department after his graduation. For Jose, it was the best 13 for his grandfather. "My mother called me and she almost started crying 14 ... She told me I did the right thing and that she was 15 of what I did," said Jose.
1.A.plan B.experiment C.visit D.show
2.A.regret B.forget C.imagine D.recall
3.A.purchase B.bargain C.wish D.note
4.A.full B.clear C.inaccurate D.low
5.A.offer B.promise C.profit D.discovery
6.A.shocked B.amused C.excited D.frightened
7.A.help B.seat C.collect D.challenge
8.A.cautiously B.accidentally C.deliberately D.nervously
9.A.equipped B.charged C.armed D.tasked
10.A.returned B.saved C.lost D.exchanged
11.A.confidence B.honesty C.bravery D.dignity
12.A.call for B.turn down C.wait for D.apply for
13.A.encouragement B.celebration C.gift D.reward
14.A.bitterly B.excitedly C.surprisingly D.worriedly
15.A.proud B.sure C.aware D.confident
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Robots Are Coming!
All the efforts you put into studying at university may not be enough—because robots could be coining for your job. Anew study finds that as ①_____ as 800 million workers could be replaced by robots by 2030.
It ②_____ (estimate) that "between 400 million and 800 million individuals could be replaced by automation(自动化) or robots and need ③_____ (find) new jobs by 2030 around the world", and that 30 percent of the hours people spend ④_____ (work) globally could be automated by that time.
Those most ⑤_____ (affect) will be people who work in "predictable environments" doing tasks such as operating machines and preparing fast food. Those who make a living by collecting and processing data also face a high risk of ⑥_____ (replace). But people who work in less "predictable environments" such as gardeners, plumbers, and childcare staff face a ⑦_____ (small) risk, because their roles "are technically difficult to be automated and often command ⑧_____ (relative) lower wages, which makes automation a less attractive business proposition".
However, it's not all doom(厄运) for the future of employment. The study notes that automation sometimes allows workers to remain ⑨_____ (employ) in a different position. Even when some tasks are automated, the employment rate in those ⑩_____ (occupy) may not decline because workers may perform new tasks.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你的美国朋友David打算今年寒假来中国学习中国剪纸(Chinese paper cutting), 请你根据以下提示给他写一封电子邮件。
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 学习剪纸的建议(如参观剪纸展览、参加剪纸培训班等)。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
"It doesn't look too good, darling. I think you'd better pack a few things and go to your mother's place. And you'd better take Rosie and Monty with you."
Putting down the phone, Sara sighed. Tomorrow was her husband Tony's birthday. She had planned to cook him a nice meal and then surprise him with the new mountain bike she'd bought for him. If she went to her mother's house, Tony wouldn't get his present for days.
However, her mother's house was the best place to be right now. Being on higher land, it would be safe from the floods. It had been raining heavily for almost two weeks and the river near Sara and Tony's house was rising higher and higher all the time. Tony and others from the village had spent the past two days putting sandbags along the side of the river to stop it from overflowing. Now they feared that their hard work had been useless and soon the whole valley would be flooded.
Sara dressed baby James in warm clothes and collected the things she would need for him over the next few days. She put the lead on the dog and went in search of Monty, the cat. It took her a long time, but eventually she found him safe and warm under the covers on her bed. She placed him in his cat basket and took him into the kitchen where James and the dog, Rosie, were waiting.
Just as she was reaching for the car keys, Sara heard a sound like the noise bath water makes when you pull out the plug. She looked at the backdoor, and saw water was flowing in underneath. Turning around, she saw dirty brown water fountaining out of the drain and filling the sink. Realizing that they were trapped by the flood and that it became impossible for her to drive out, quickly she put James into her backpack and pulled onto her back. Calling to Rosie, she picked up the cat basket and ran to the front of the house and out into the front garden, where the car was parked.
Paragraph 1;
The water was already up to her knees, and Rosie was swimming beside her. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DBD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句 " Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an old person company and helps him remember to take medicine" 和最后一句 "They want to find ways... robot" 可知,该项目的目的是帮助原来的机器猫 Joy for All 变得更智能。故选D。
2.考查推理判断。根据第二段最后一句 "They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars" 可知,与旧版的机器猫相比,新的机器猫会更便宜。故选B。
3.考查推理判断。由文章最后一段最后两句可推知,对老年人来说,感觉到自己被需要可以预防其产生孤独和悲伤的情绪,即对老年人来说被需要的这种感觉是至关重要的。故选D。
B
答案：1-4.BCDB
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Psychologist Susan Levine... found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills"以及第三段内容可知,孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句"Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said"可知,Levine在设计实验时,考虑到了父母的收人、教育以及谈话量。故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段最后一句"However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls"可知,男孩们较女孩们而言,倾向于玩更复杂的智力游戏。故选D。
4.考查主旨大意。阅读全文内容尤其是最后一段"The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science"可知,该篇文章主要介绍的是一项科学研究。故选B。
C
答案：1-4 DAAC
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“...a strange sight…something they couldn't easily explain.”以及“No one could understand how...”可知，这些提示信息均是说一些人们无法理解的不寻常的事情。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are usually created overnight...”可知，人们普遍认为麦田怪圈是一夜之间形成的。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by people…”可知，科学家已经证实有一些麦田怪圈是有人蓄意为之。
4.标题归纳题。文章第一段点出“No one could understand how these huge designs were made.”最后一段中的“…who makes crop circles and why they make them can't be explained to this very day.”再次点明文章的主题，即:麦田怪圈一直是个未解之谜。故C项作为标题概括了文章主旨。
D
答案：1-4.DBCA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段的"Only 23% of all plastic bottles in America end up in a recycling bin, which means over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year"可知,在美国,只有23%的塑料瓶资源被回收利用,大部分的塑料都被当作垃圾(扔掉了),故选D。
2.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water" 和第二段最后一句" And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention" 可知, Skipping Rocks Lab发明的新型环保储水容器Ooho的目的是保护环境,故选B。
3.考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than a plastic bottle" 可知,制造储水容器Ooho的成本比塑料瓶低,因此可以推断出其售价可能会比塑料瓶低,故选C。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容可知,储水容器Ooho吸引了很多人的关注,而且许多投资商看好储水容器Ooho的市场前景,作者也相信它一定会成功的,故选A。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EDGAB
解析：①根据后句 A weather app needs to know where a person is to report the local forecast, for example.可知这里是说一些应用程序就用这些数据进行工作。故判断E选项符合语境。
②根据前文 Many smartphone apps don't cost anything to download and use. But don't be fooled. There's still a price.可知，许多智能手机应用程序的下载和使用不需要任何费用。但不要被愚弄，还是有代价的。故判断D选项“你的隐私就是你为此付出的代价。”可以承接上文，对前文内容做出进一步解释。
③前句介绍了数据能够显示人们什么时候离开家，什么时候回来。由此推断接下来应该说这些数据透露的其他信息。故判断G选项（它们能够显示人们如何以及在哪里度过他们的每一天。）符合语境。
④根据前句内容可知，最近，已经开发了一个新的在线工具来追踪个人信息的滥用。由此推断A选项（它被称为 SPEProxy。）承接上文，其中 SPEProxy 和 a new online tool呼应。
⑤根据前句 Right now, people can only track data with the new tool by going to a website.可知现在人们只能通过去一个网站来用这个新工具跟踪数据，这就意味着这个新工具是有限的。故B选项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.CBADD; 6-10.ACBDA; 11-.15.BDCBA
解析：1.根据上文中的"Taking a trip to a bank's ATM machine"可知,此处指的是他周日的银行之行。
2.根据下文中Jose存款的经历可知,他应该永远都不会忘记周日的银行之行。
3.根据下文中的"when he noticed... So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money"可知,Jose发现自己的账户余额不足,因此要去最近的银行存钱,由此推知他应该是要在网上为祖父买东西。
4.参见上题解析。
5.根据下文内容可知,Jose没有想到他会有一个惊人的发现。
6.根据空后的"not knowing what to do"可知, Jose看到这么多钱后感到很震惊,不知道该怎么办。
7.根据下文中的"Jose called the police"可知,过了一会儿,Jose镇定了下来。collect oneself"(尽力)镇定下来,敛神专注"。
8.根据语境并结合常识可知,警察很快发现那些钱是一位工作人员不小心遗失在那里的。accidentally"意外地"。
9.根据a worker及refilling the ATM可知,这名工作人员的任务是给自动取款机装现金。
10.由上文并结合选项可判断,市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发现并归还的最大数额的钱。
11.由"the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony"可推知,市长和警察局长因Jose的诚实而举行了一个仪式来表彰他。
12.由空前的"perhaps best of all"并结合空后内容可推知,警察局长应是邀请Jose大学毕业后申请该部门的一个职位。
13.根据上文中的" The 19-year-old college student was making a 3 for his grandfather online"可知, Jose拾金不昧的高尚品质是给祖父最好的礼物。
14.由下文中的" She told me I did the right thing"可知,Jose的母亲认为他做得对,激动地哭了起来,为儿子的做法感到骄傲。
15.参见上题解析。
第二节
答案： many; is estimated; to find; working; affected; being replaced; smaller; relatively; employed; occupations
解析：①由于本空的后面是可数名词的复数形式，故本空用短语as many as“多达”修饰。
②这是句型It is estimated that…“据估计……”。
③这是肯定句，故need为实义动词，后面跟带to的不定式作宾语。
④固定用法:spend some time doing sth.，因为本空后面还有副词globally修饰，故本空不能用名词work。
⑤理解句意和分析句子结构可知，those为句子的主语，本空为后置定语, those为affect动作的承受者，故用过去分词。
⑥介词后面跟动名词作宾语，而且理解句意可知，本空指的是被取代，故用动名词被动式。
⑦根据上下文的信息可知，本空应该用形容词的比较级。
⑧修饰形容词用副词。
⑨本空前面的动词remain意为“仍然”，是连系动词，另外句子的宾语workers是employ动作的承受者，故用过去分词作表语。
⑩指示代词those后面应该跟名词，而且要用复数形式， occupation意为“工作;职业”。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear David,
①I'm extremely happy to hear that you'll come to China to learn Chinese paper cutting during this winter vacation.
I have some suggestions, which will be beneficial to you. ②First , you'd better see some Chinese paper-cutting exhibitions, where you can appreciate many excellent works. Besides, you are supposed to select a relevant training course. What's more, you can make new friends in the course, who will help you learn. I'm convinced that you will make rapid progress.
Looking forward to your visit!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
The water was already up to her knees, and Rosie was swimming beside her. Knowing the water would soon be much deeper, Sara gave up driving away. She threw the cat basket onto the roof of the car and pushed Rosie up beside it. She climbed first onto the front of the car and then onto the roof of the house with the dog and the cat. James, safely attached to her back, made no sound at all. Sara stared down at the water which was rushing past the car. It was already halfway up the doors, and still rising.
Paragraph 2:
Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance. Sara was extremely happy and shouted at the boat "Here! Here!", but the boat seemed not to head for their direction. Sara was worried and anxious, and then she shouted at the boat harder, "Help! Help! Here we are." Luckily, he people on the boat replied to her. They were rescued and the warmhearted people sent them to Sara's mother's place. Sara showed her sincere gratitude to the people who helped them when in need.
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an old person company and helps him remember to take medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. The researchers received a 3-million-dollar award from the National Science Foundation for the special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or AI, to Hasbro's "Joy for All" robot.
The cat has already been on sale for several years. Though priced at over 1,000 dollars, it sold quite well. It was meant to act as a "companion" for old people. Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers at Brown's Humanity Centered Robotics Initiative are working to decide which activities old adults may need the most. They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the person to take medicine or to see a doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.
It is an idea that has appealed to Jeanne Elliott. Her 93-year-old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The "Joy for All" cat that Elliott bought this year has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Elliott is at work. Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.
The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchange between humans and the cat in which humans feel the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.
1.What's the purpose of the project
A.To relieve the pain of the elderly. B.To promote the sales of a robot.
C.To invent a robotic cat for the elderly. D.To help make the robotic cat smarter.
2.Compared with the old model, what will the new robotic cat be like
A.Smaller. B.Cheaper. C.More talkative. D.Softer.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.A talking cat is quite popular among the elderly.
B.Feelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable.
C.Each family can afford such a cat in the future.
D.The feeling of being needed is vital to the elderly.
B
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
"The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate (旋转) and translate shapes," Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
1.In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play
A.Building confidence. B.Developing spatial skills.
C.Learning self-control. D.Gaining high-tech knowledge.
2.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment
A.Parents' age. B.Children's imagination.
C.Parents' education. D.Child-parent relationship.
3.How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play
A.They play with puzzles more often. B.They tend to talk less during the game.
C.They prefer to use more spatial language. D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.A mathematical method. B.A scientific study.
C.A woman psychologist. D.A teaching program.
C
Sometimes very odd things show up in ordinary places. In the 1800s,a strange sight began to be reported by farmers. Then in the 1970s, this strange event began to happen more and more often. People travelled for miles to stand in the fields and take photos of something they couldn't easily explain. What were they looking at It was the crop circles—large and complex designs set into the middle of ordinary farm fields. No one could understand how these huge designs were made.
Crop circles are found most often in fields of wheat, corn, or rice. They are usually created overnight, although some are reported to have appeared during the day. They have been seen in more than 70 different countries. Scientists have found that the plants inside a crop circle are drier than the ones outside it. The plant stems(茎) are bent but not broken in most crop circles, and sometimes the soil in the design has more iron than the soil outside of the design. Unfortunately, these facts alone do not help scientists answer their questions about crop circles. These facts only make them more mysterious.
Some people believe crop circles are made by UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) landing in farm fields. Others think aliens are leaving us messages in the beautiful designs. Still others believe Earth energy under the ground makes plants bend over in designs. Some people say they actually made the crop circles with special equipment. Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by people, but they are usually a little different from other crop circles. So who makes crop circles and why they make them can't be explained to this very day.
1. What does the underlined word "odd" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Big B. Bad. C. Unreal. D. Unusual.
2. It's generally thought that crop circles _____.
A. are made during the night
B. happen in the same places
C. are found in terrible places
D. have very frightening designs
3. Which of the following have the scientists proved
A. Some crop circles are man-made.
B. UFOs help create some crop circles.
C. There actually are crop circles made by aliens.
D. Earth energy is one reason for crop circles' appearance.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. The History of Crop Circles
B. Different Designs of Crop Circles
C. Crop Circles: The Unsolved Mystery
D. Crop Circles: The Great Influence on Farms
D
Not only doe s the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic bottles in America end up in a recycling bin, which means over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.
It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can be either drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡) without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events, such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.
The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied for a patent(专利权) on their new advancements. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than a plastic bottle. It has appeared at events in London, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.
Ooho has caught many people's attention and has raised over $ 1 million and gained 1,000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumers' interest while the production machine is running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.
1.How is most plastic dealt with in America
A.It's sold. B.It's recycled. C.It's processed. D.It's wasted.
2.Why did the team invent Ooho
A.To make a profit for a company. B.To protect the environment.
C.To make people eat as they drink. D.To reduce the cost of plastic bottles.
3.What can we infer about Ooho from the text
A.It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.
B.It has become popular since it began to be sold.
C.It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.
D.It has cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.
4.What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph
A.Ooho is to be a success in the future.
B.Ooho is being supported by smart people.
C.Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.
D.Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Smartphones store a lot of personal data. These devices know our names, the names of our friends, our addresses and where we are right now. ①_____ A weather app needs to know where a person is to report the local forecast, for example.
Many smartphone apps don't cost anything to download and use. But don't be fooled. There's still a price. ②_____ Those same apps may often send data such as your salary or your address on to advertisers as well. Those advertisers will pay well to know how people behave and live. Once your data leave a device, you can't get them back. And that data theft may not be harmless. Moreover, those data may tell when someone leaves home and when he gets back. ③_____ Social media sites often have access to a user's images and posts.
Recently a new online tool has been developed to track the misuse of private data. ④_____ It tells people when their apps are sending data, and which can help spot the misuse. SPEProxy identifies the misuse of data using an approach that has already been used to diagnose illnesses.
In the clinical field, a kind of medical software has been tested out and used to collect data from a patient. Then it compares them to those symptoms of many possible illnesses to make a diagnosis.
Right now, people can only track data with the new tool by going to a website. ⑤_____ It's also a bit awkward to use. People may not want to take the trouble to get online to track their data. A more convenient version that people could install on their phones is in urgent need.
A. It is called SPEProxy.
B. That means it's limited.
C. It is more than convenient to use in computers.
D. Your privacy is what's paid for it.
E. Some apps use those data to do their job.
F. Some apps may charge you much money to operate.
G. They can show how and where people spend their days.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Taking a trip to a bank's ATM machine is usually a common affair. But for Jose Nu ez Romaniz, his 1 on Sunday is one that he won't 2 for the rest of his life.
The 19-year-old college student was making a 3 for his grandfather online when he noticed his account balance(账户余额) was 4 . So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money. Little did he know that he was about to make an incredible 5 .
When he arrived, Jose noticed a plastic bag on the ground filled with cash, which turned out to be $ 135 , 000. "When I first saw it, I was very 6 , not knowing what to do," Jose told The New York Times. After taking a moment to 7 himself, Jose called the police. And the police soon discovered that the money had 8 been left behind by a worker 9 with refilling the ATM.
Thinking that it was the biggest amount of money ever found and 10 in Albuquerque's history, the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony to honor Jose for his 11 . And, perhaps best of all, the police chief invited Jose to 12 a job as a public service aide for the department after his graduation. For Jose, it was the best 13 for his grandfather. "My mother called me and she almost started crying 14 ... She told me I did the right thing and that she was 15 of what I did," said Jose.
1.A.plan B.experiment C.visit D.show
2.A.regret B.forget C.imagine D.recall
3.A.purchase B.bargain C.wish D.note
4.A.full B.clear C.inaccurate D.low
5.A.offer B.promise C.profit D.discovery
6.A.shocked B.amused C.excited D.frightened
7.A.help B.seat C.collect D.challenge
8.A.cautiously B.accidentally C.deliberately D.nervously
9.A.equipped B.charged C.armed D.tasked
10.A.returned B.saved C.lost D.exchanged
11.A.confidence B.honesty C.bravery D.dignity
12.A.call for B.turn down C.wait for D.apply for
13.A.encouragement B.celebration C.gift D.reward
14.A.bitterly B.excitedly C.surprisingly D.worriedly
15.A.proud B.sure C.aware D.confident
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Robots Are Coming!
All the efforts you put into studying at university may not be enough—because robots could be coining for your job. Anew study finds that as ①_____ as 800 million workers could be replaced by robots by 2030.
It ②_____ (estimate) that "between 400 million and 800 million individuals could be replaced by automation(自动化) or robots and need ③_____ (find) new jobs by 2030 around the world", and that 30 percent of the hours people spend ④_____ (work) globally could be automated by that time.
Those most ⑤_____ (affect) will be people who work in "predictable environments" doing tasks such as operating machines and preparing fast food. Those who make a living by collecting and processing data also face a high risk of ⑥_____ (replace). But people who work in less "predictable environments" such as gardeners, plumbers, and childcare staff face a ⑦_____ (small) risk, because their roles "are technically difficult to be automated and often command ⑧_____ (relative) lower wages, which makes automation a less attractive business proposition".
However, it's not all doom(厄运) for the future of employment. The study notes that automation sometimes allows workers to remain ⑨_____ (employ) in a different position. Even when some tasks are automated, the employment rate in those ⑩_____ (occupy) may not decline because workers may perform new tasks.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你的美国朋友David打算今年寒假来中国学习中国剪纸(Chinese paper cutting), 请你根据以下提示给他写一封电子邮件。
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 学习剪纸的建议(如参观剪纸展览、参加剪纸培训班等)。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
"It doesn't look too good, darling. I think you'd better pack a few things and go to your mother's place. And you'd better take Rosie and Monty with you."
Putting down the phone, Sara sighed. Tomorrow was her husband Tony's birthday. She had planned to cook him a nice meal and then surprise him with the new mountain bike she'd bought for him. If she went to her mother's house, Tony wouldn't get his present for days.
However, her mother's house was the best place to be right now. Being on higher land, it would be safe from the floods. It had been raining heavily for almost two weeks and the river near Sara and Tony's house was rising higher and higher all the time. Tony and others from the village had spent the past two days putting sandbags along the side of the river to stop it from overflowing. Now they feared that their hard work had been useless and soon the whole valley would be flooded.
Sara dressed baby James in warm clothes and collected the things she would need for him over the next few days. She put the lead on the dog and went in search of Monty, the cat. It took her a long time, but eventually she found him safe and warm under the covers on her bed. She placed him in his cat basket and took him into the kitchen where James and the dog, Rosie, were waiting.
Just as she was reaching for the car keys, Sara heard a sound like the noise bath water makes when you pull out the plug. She looked at the backdoor, and saw water was flowing in underneath. Turning around, she saw dirty brown water fountaining out of the drain and filling the sink. Realizing that they were trapped by the flood and that it became impossible for her to drive out, quickly she put James into her backpack and pulled onto her back. Calling to Rosie, she picked up the cat basket and ran to the front of the house and out into the front garden, where the car was parked.
Paragraph 1;
The water was already up to her knees, and Rosie was swimming beside her. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DBD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句 " Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an old person company and helps him remember to take medicine" 和最后一句 "They want to find ways... robot" 可知,该项目的目的是帮助原来的机器猫 Joy for All 变得更智能。故选D。
2.考查推理判断。根据第二段最后一句 "They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars" 可知,与旧版的机器猫相比,新的机器猫会更便宜。故选B。
3.考查推理判断。由文章最后一段最后两句可推知,对老年人来说,感觉到自己被需要可以预防其产生孤独和悲伤的情绪,即对老年人来说被需要的这种感觉是至关重要的。故选D。
B
答案：1-4.BCDB
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Psychologist Susan Levine... found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills"以及第三段内容可知,孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句"Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said"可知,Levine在设计实验时,考虑到了父母的收人、教育以及谈话量。故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段最后一句"However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls"可知,男孩们较女孩们而言,倾向于玩更复杂的智力游戏。故选D。
4.考查主旨大意。阅读全文内容尤其是最后一段"The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science"可知,该篇文章主要介绍的是一项科学研究。故选B。
C
答案：1-4 DAAC
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“...a strange sight…something they couldn't easily explain.”以及“No one could understand how...”可知，这些提示信息均是说一些人们无法理解的不寻常的事情。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are usually created overnight...”可知，人们普遍认为麦田怪圈是一夜之间形成的。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by people…”可知，科学家已经证实有一些麦田怪圈是有人蓄意为之。
4.标题归纳题。文章第一段点出“No one could understand how these huge designs were made.”最后一段中的“…who makes crop circles and why they make them can't be explained to this very day.”再次点明文章的主题，即:麦田怪圈一直是个未解之谜。故C项作为标题概括了文章主旨。
D
答案：1-4.DBCA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段的"Only 23% of all plastic bottles in America end up in a recycling bin, which means over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year"可知,在美国,只有23%的塑料瓶资源被回收利用,大部分的塑料都被当作垃圾(扔掉了),故选D。
2.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water" 和第二段最后一句" And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention" 可知, Skipping Rocks Lab发明的新型环保储水容器Ooho的目的是保护环境,故选B。
3.考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than a plastic bottle" 可知,制造储水容器Ooho的成本比塑料瓶低,因此可以推断出其售价可能会比塑料瓶低,故选C。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容可知,储水容器Ooho吸引了很多人的关注,而且许多投资商看好储水容器Ooho的市场前景,作者也相信它一定会成功的,故选A。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EDGAB
解析：①根据后句 A weather app needs to know where a person is to report the local forecast, for example.可知这里是说一些应用程序就用这些数据进行工作。故判断E选项符合语境。
②根据前文 Many smartphone apps don't cost anything to download and use. But don't be fooled. There's still a price.可知，许多智能手机应用程序的下载和使用不需要任何费用。但不要被愚弄，还是有代价的。故判断D选项“你的隐私就是你为此付出的代价。”可以承接上文，对前文内容做出进一步解释。
③前句介绍了数据能够显示人们什么时候离开家，什么时候回来。由此推断接下来应该说这些数据透露的其他信息。故判断G选项（它们能够显示人们如何以及在哪里度过他们的每一天。）符合语境。
④根据前句内容可知，最近，已经开发了一个新的在线工具来追踪个人信息的滥用。由此推断A选项（它被称为 SPEProxy。）承接上文，其中 SPEProxy 和 a new online tool呼应。
⑤根据前句 Right now, people can only track data with the new tool by going to a website.可知现在人们只能通过去一个网站来用这个新工具跟踪数据，这就意味着这个新工具是有限的。故B选项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.CBADD; 6-10.ACBDA; 11-.15.BDCBA
解析：1.根据上文中的"Taking a trip to a bank's ATM machine"可知,此处指的是他周日的银行之行。
2.根据下文中Jose存款的经历可知,他应该永远都不会忘记周日的银行之行。
3.根据下文中的"when he noticed... So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money"可知,Jose发现自己的账户余额不足,因此要去最近的银行存钱,由此推知他应该是要在网上为祖父买东西。
4.参见上题解析。
5.根据下文内容可知,Jose没有想到他会有一个惊人的发现。
6.根据空后的"not knowing what to do"可知, Jose看到这么多钱后感到很震惊,不知道该怎么办。
7.根据下文中的"Jose called the police"可知,过了一会儿,Jose镇定了下来。collect oneself"(尽力)镇定下来,敛神专注"。
8.根据语境并结合常识可知,警察很快发现那些钱是一位工作人员不小心遗失在那里的。accidentally"意外地"。
9.根据a worker及refilling the ATM可知,这名工作人员的任务是给自动取款机装现金。
10.由上文并结合选项可判断,市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发现并归还的最大数额的钱。
11.由"the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony"可推知,市长和警察局长因Jose的诚实而举行了一个仪式来表彰他。
12.由空前的"perhaps best of all"并结合空后内容可推知,警察局长应是邀请Jose大学毕业后申请该部门的一个职位。
13.根据上文中的" The 19-year-old college student was making a 3 for his grandfather online"可知, Jose拾金不昧的高尚品质是给祖父最好的礼物。
14.由下文中的" She told me I did the right thing"可知,Jose的母亲认为他做得对,激动地哭了起来,为儿子的做法感到骄傲。
15.参见上题解析。
第二节
答案： many; is estimated; to find; working; affected; being replaced; smaller; relatively; employed; occupations
解析：①由于本空的后面是可数名词的复数形式，故本空用短语as many as“多达”修饰。
②这是句型It is estimated that…“据估计……”。
③这是肯定句，故need为实义动词，后面跟带to的不定式作宾语。
④固定用法:spend some time doing sth.，因为本空后面还有副词globally修饰，故本空不能用名词work。
⑤理解句意和分析句子结构可知，those为句子的主语，本空为后置定语, those为affect动作的承受者，故用过去分词。
⑥介词后面跟动名词作宾语，而且理解句意可知，本空指的是被取代，故用动名词被动式。
⑦根据上下文的信息可知，本空应该用形容词的比较级。
⑧修饰形容词用副词。
⑨本空前面的动词remain意为“仍然”，是连系动词，另外句子的宾语workers是employ动作的承受者，故用过去分词作表语。
⑩指示代词those后面应该跟名词，而且要用复数形式， occupation意为“工作;职业”。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear David,
①I'm extremely happy to hear that you'll come to China to learn Chinese paper cutting during this winter vacation.
I have some suggestions, which will be beneficial to you. ②First , you'd better see some Chinese paper-cutting exhibitions, where you can appreciate many excellent works. Besides, you are supposed to select a relevant training course. What's more, you can make new friends in the course, who will help you learn. I'm convinced that you will make rapid progress.
Looking forward to your visit!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
The water was already up to her knees, and Rosie was swimming beside her. Knowing the water would soon be much deeper, Sara gave up driving away. She threw the cat basket onto the roof of the car and pushed Rosie up beside it. She climbed first onto the front of the car and then onto the roof of the house with the dog and the cat. James, safely attached to her back, made no sound at all. Sara stared down at the water which was rushing past the car. It was already halfway up the doors, and still rising.
Paragraph 2:
Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance. Sara was extremely happy and shouted at the boat "Here! Here!", but the boat seemed not to head for their direction. Sara was worried and anxious, and then she shouted at the boat harder, "Help! Help! Here we are." Luckily, he people on the boat replied to her. They were rescued and the warmhearted people sent them to Sara's mother's place. Sara showed her sincere gratitude to the people who helped them when in need.