人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction单元测试卷（含答案）
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Unit 1 Science Fiction ——2021-2022学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册单元测试卷
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Vitality Big Half gets underway this morning. It was first launched last year and saw 11,000 take part, with the aim of bringing Londoners together and celebrating the diversity of the capital. A festival is being held at the finish line with music, food and activities throughout the day.
The strong winds this morning unfortunately mean that the scheduled music performances from local talents have had to be cancelled as it’s impossible to build the temporary stage structures for the festival. The food will still be available and the event will include cooking classes from MasterChef Steve Kielty, and there will also be running challenges, trampolining(端床运动), craft making and gardening advice.
When the half-marathon starts:
The Vitality Big Half will start from 9 am by Tower Bridge, as well as The New Balance Big Relay.
The 2.4-mile Little Half will start at 12:45 from Southwark Park, while The Vitality Big Mile will start at Greenwich Park from 12:30.
Greenwich Park will also be where The Vitality Big Festival is held between 9 am and 4 pm today.
What is the route:
The Big Half will be starting at Tower Bridge and runners will then follow a 13.1-mile route that will take them past Shadwell and Limehouse, before circling around Canary Wharf.
Half-marathon runners will then follow up the River Thames back towards Wapping and then go over Tower Bridge and head towards Southwark Park.
The route continues along the south side of the River Thames and circles around Rotherhithe before joining the Little Half runners and travelling through Deptford towards the finish line at Cutty Sark.
How to watch the runners:
You can go to various points along the route to watch the runners in person, watch them at home on your TV or watch them online.
1.What is the purpose of The Vitality Big Half
A.To list some dos and don'ts of a great event in London.
B.To gather the locals together and praise the city's diversity.
C.To encourage people to do sports and outdoor activities.
D.To introduce different ways to celebrate a traditional festival.
2.What happened to the music performances of this year's festival
A.It failed to go on as planned. B.It attracted too many people.
C.The temporary stage was destroyed. D.Talents from around the world came.
3.Which place will the Big Half marathon runners and the Little Half runners join together
A.The River Thames. B.Wapping. C.Rotherhithe. D.Deptford.
B
A company in California, called Zume, is testing machines that make pizza. The robot takes and shapes dough to create the base of the pizza. It then adds tomato sauce, cheese, meat or other toppings. Next, the robot places the uncooked pizza into a hot oven. A few minutes later, the pizza is ready. The pizza comes out the same each time. Zume says the robots work quickly and do not get sick. They do not get paid either.
Julia Collins is the company's co-founder and chief executive officer (CEO). Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots. Zume is using robots to make pizza.
Charity Suzuki has bought the robot-made pizza. She likes its taste. "It's delicious. It's always hot and fresh when it comes. I mean it's great that they're making it, but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human."
Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster. But what about the jobs the robots are taking from humans
Ken Goldberg is a professor at the University of California in Berkeley. He also directs the school's automation laboratory. Goldberg says researchers have been working with robots for 50 years. He says that, while there has been progress, the jobs are not going to disappear right away. "I want to reassure(使放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value," Goldberg says.
"We're going to get rid of boring, repetitive, dangerous jobs and we're going to free up people to do things that have higher value. There's going to be amazing new ways of working that don't exist yet but are going to be created," Alex Garden, the chairman of Zume, says.
1.Why can Zume devote more money to better food products
A.It earns a lot by selling pizza. B.It wants to create more robots.
C.It can save a lot by using robots. D.It hopes to attract more customers.
2.What can we know about the robot-made pizza according to Suzuki
A.It really agrees with her taste. B.It isn't hot or fresh all the time.
C.It is tastier than the man-made pizza. D.It is delicious and free of charge.
3.What's the benefit of using robots to make pizza
A.They work efficiently. B.They help sick people.
C.They need few payments. D.They produce better pizza.
4.What does Goldberg think of the jobs of restaurant workers
A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Dangerous. D.Necessary.
C
You have probably read about robots replacing human labour as a new era of automation takes root in one industry after another. However, a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs.
In New Zealand, farmers are using drones to herd and monitor cows and sheep, taking up the position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century. The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated(盗用) one of the animal's most powerful tools: barking. The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $ 3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loudspeaker, giving the machine the ability to imitate its canine counterparts.
Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a farm, told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective. "That's the one thing I've noticed that when you're moving cows the old cows stand up to the dogs, but with the drones, they've never done that," he said, noting the drones move cows faster, with less stress, than the dogs do.
The drones come in handy for more than just herding cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals' health without disturbing them. Jason Rentoul told RNZ that a two-hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone. "On a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done by farmers on foot, the drones really save a lot of man hours," he said.
For now, farmers say, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer lifespan than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge.
1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Farmers. B.Dogs. C.Sheep. D.Loudspeakers.
2.Which of the following statements is supported by the passage
A.Herding dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland.
B.The drones can help monitor weather conditions with the current technology.
C.The drones are multifunctional and leave the animals undisturbed.
D.The market for the DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price.
3.Why can't the drones replace the dogs entirely
A.The drones are much more expensive.
B.Cows are not used to seeing the drones.
C.The drones can't bark as loudly as the dogs do.
D.The drones' power is limited and they need charging.
4.What is the author's attitude towards the drones in the passage
A.Supportive. B.Objective. C.Critical. D.Doubtful.
D
A 1.6-metre-tall robot may soon become the best friend for lonely elderly people, as Chinese scientists are making the final sprint(冲刺) towards its market launch(投放), said a senior researcher on the robot project on Saturday.
"We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years," said Li Ruifeng, a member of the project.
He said the team hoped to reduce the cost so that the robot can be priced at 30, 000 to 50, 000 yuan, which is expected to be an affordable price for most of China's better-off families.
The robot has been developed with the functions of fetching food and medicine, sounding alarms in case of water or gas leakage, sending texts or video images via wireless communications, and even singing a song or playing chess to entertain its masters.
Li said that the robot, developed independently in China, has technology at the same level as those in Western labs.
China set about the research of the robot in 2007, when it was listed as a national key project. It is backed by government funding(拨款). China has the world's largest elderly population with 159 million people over 60, accounting for 12 percent of its total population. According to a survey by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, more than 10 million caregivers and nurses are needed to attend the elderly, as most of Chinese elderly prefer to live their retired lives at home.
1. The underlined word "backed" in the last paragraph means _____.
A. supported B. suggested C. controlled D. stopped
2. From the last paragraph we know that _____.
A. our government pays no attention to the elderly people
B. China has the world's largest elderly population
C. Chinese elderly people prefer to be looked after by robot caregivers
D. robots are the best friends for the lonely elderly people
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Robot caregivers will appear in the market in 2 to 3 years.
B. Robot caregivers can help elderly people to do everything.
C. China needs some technical support from Western labs.
D. The robot is expected to be bought by every person.
4. The author wrote the passage to _____.
A. advertise a robot caregiver to the elderly
B. tell Chinese elderly not to worry about their lives
C. explain how robot caregivers work in the future
D. introduce a newly-developed robot caregiver
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says "Thank you" Who leaves a voice mail message rather than text you Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet ①_____
Maybe I'm rude and should feel guilty for not appreciating life's little courtesies(礼貌). But many social rules just don't make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a co-author of Emily Post's Etiquette, asked, "At what point does showing appreciation outweigh (比……重要) the cost "
②_____ Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.
It isn't the first time technology has changed our manners. ③_____ Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, "Ahoy(啊嘿)!"Finally, hello won out, and the victory sped up the greeting's use in face-to-face communication.
In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business's phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map. ④_____ And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.
How to handle these different standards Easy: Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. ⑤_____ In traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modem societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion, whereas that time-wasting forms of communication do.
A. Then there is voice mail.
B. Others, like me, want no reply.
C. But people still ask these things.
D. Don't these people realize that they're wasting your time
E. Won't new technology bring about changes in our daily life
F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.
G. When the telephone was invented, people didn't know how to greet a caller.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had reached the age of twenty-eight. Still, I 1 whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later. It sounded ridiculous, but it was a creative writing task when I was eighteen. The teacher collected our letters to our 2 selves in self-addressed(寄给自己的) envelopes with stamps and promised to 3 them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even 4
Thinking back on the 5 , I recalled giving my future self some advice. When you're eighteen years old, twenty-eight seems like a 6 age, but I wasn't feeling as mature as I believed my younger self had 7 me to be.
When the letter finally reached me, I opened it 8 . It began, "How much do you bet this letter will never get to you " It continued to greet me casually as if we were having an IM (instant messaging) chat. As a senior in high school, facing the 9 important exams and college application, my eighteen-year-old self was so 10 ! She was apparently not quite happy and hoped I wouldn't worry so much in the future, and that I would live in the present and 11 my life!
12 to my belief, my eighteen-year-old self did not have any demands on me, or expectations I might have failed to meet. Instead, she wrote, "I'll 13 whatever you do. Even if you are not the one I'm imagining now, I'll support you, because maybe 14 I'm imagining is someone else, but you're not someone else—you're me."
I was 15 , and tears came to my eyes at this self-acceptance(自我接受) time. I had put a lot of pressure on myself to be the best version of myself that I could be. However, I came to realize what I would have accomplished in ten years would pale in comparison(显得逊色) to how I'd feel and who I'd be.
1. A. believed B. presumed C. doubted D. considered
2. A. inner B. happy C. future D. young
3. A. correct B. mail C. answer D. write
4. A. remember B. understand C. calculate D. explode
5. A. application B. comment C. study D. letter
6. A. grown-up B. happy C. made-up D. promising
7. A. told B. convinced C. encouraged D. expected
8. A. calmly B. cautiously C. eagerly D. naturally
9. A. appearing B. arising C. approaching D. approving
10. A. depressed B. ambitious C. carefree D. stressed
11. A. enjoy B. value C. start D. earn
12. A. Contrary B. Superior C. Surprised D. Strange
13. A. stand for B. stand with C. stand by D. stand out
14. A. what B. who C. which D. that
15. A. guilty B. touched C. embarrassed D. nervous
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An old scholar ①_____(request) to get rid of a boy's bad habits. The boy ②_____ (show) around a garden when suddenly he ③_____ (stop) and asked to pull out a tiny plant growing there.
The boy held the plant between his thumb and forefinger and pulled it out. The old man then suggested that a slightly bigger plant should ④_____ (pull) out. The boy pulled hard and the plant came out, roots and all. "Now pull out that one" said the old man, ⑤_____ (point) to a bush. This time, the boy managed it but with great efforts.
After that, the old man ⑥_____ (lead) him to a big tree and said, "Now take this one out." The boy grasped the trunk and tried his best to pull it out. But it would not move. "It's impossible," said the boy.
"So it is with bad habits," said the wise man. "When they ⑦_____ (form) at the beginning, they are easy ⑧_____ (pull) out, but when they become strong, they cannot ⑨_____ (remove)."
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华,想邀请你的朋友John在周六晚上去观看科幻电影The Wandering earth,请用英语给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.发出邀请;
2.介绍电影(主题:保护人类共同的家园——地球;观众评价等);
3.请求回复。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear John, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
Mary waited anxiously for her turn in the empty dressing room. Never had she been so nervous before. This competition was of vital importance to her comeback. "If I can win today" she said to herself, "I can dance on the national stage next month." Three months ago, her left arm was seriously injured in a car accident. After the medical treatment, she began to recover slowly. She practiced over and over again in order to regain her dancing skills.
"Hi, Mary" in rushed her friend Jessica. "How is your arm Is it going to influence your performance "
"I guess it can be tolerated, for I am to win the match, "said Mary with a determined look.
"Admirable! But I hear that a girl called Linda is really gifted and strong. She can be your real well-matched e on!"
After Jessica left, Mary decided to practice her most difficult spin. "If I don't try harder, I won't grasp this chance," she thought. But her arm began to hurt, making her worried. "Mary, what makes you think you have a chance tonight "she said to herself. After the pain was gone, she continued to warm up.
A slim girl hurried in and put down an equipment bag on the chair. Then, she took out her dance dress quickly and put it on skillfully. Seeing Mary, she smiled politely and said, "Hi, I'm Linda. I am the next one!" Mary nodded in reply but felt uncomfortable. "This is just my competitor. Because of her, I may lose tonight." Her mind was wandering when Linda let out a scrcam, "Oh, God, I can't find my music tape!" Linda searched her bag but in vain. "It may be lost on the way." With these words, she then rushed out.
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Hearing her name called, Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.BAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"with the aim of bringing Londoners together and celebrating the diversity of the capital"可知,组织The Vitality Big Half的目的是将当地人聚集在一起,赞美这座城市的多样性。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The strong winds this morning unfortunately mean that the scheduled music performances from local talents have had to be cancelled as it's impossible to build the temporary stage structures for the festival"可知,由于大风该活动没有按计划进行。故选A。
3.考查细节理解。根据What is the route:中的"joining the Little Half runners and travelling through Deptford towards the finish line at Cutty Sark"可知,他们将在Deptford会合。
B
答案：1-4.CAAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots"可知,因为不用给机器人付工资,所以Zume可以把更多的资金投入到更好的食物产品上。
2.考查细节理解。由第三段中的"She likes its taste. 'It's delicious. It's always hot and fresh when it comes. I mean it's great that they're making it, but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human'"可知,Suzuki认为机器人生产的比萨很美味,很对她的胃口,她分辨不出人做的比萨和机器人做的比萨的区别。
3.考查细节理解。由第一段中的"Zume says the robots work quickly"和第四段中的"Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster"可知,机器人的工作效率很高,故A项正确。
4.考查推理判断。由倒数第二段中的"I want to reassure(使放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value"可知,Goldberg认为餐馆工作人员的技能仍然有价值,故可推知他认为他们的工作是不可缺少的。故D项正确。
C
答案：1-4.BCDB
解析：1.考查词义猜测。由画线部分所在句可知,DJI Mavic Enterprise无人机有一个功能,它可以让机器录下声音,并通过扩音器播放。由上文中的"The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated(盗用) one of the animal's most powerful tools: barking"可知,这种机器人已经盗用了狗的最有效的工具之一:犬吠。由此可推知,此处表示这种机器人可以模仿狗。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据第四段的第二句可知,这些机器人可以让农民从远处监测土地、水和投饲量,并在不打扰动物的情况下检查它们的健康状况,由此可知,无人机是多功能的且不会打扰到动物,故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知,目前仍然需要牧羊犬,主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长,可以在恶劣天气下工作,不需要每隔几个小时充一次电,故D项符合题意。
4.考查观点态度。本文介绍了在新西兰,农民使用无人机放牧和监测牛羊的事实,并没有夹杂作者个人的观点,客观地表达了无人机的优缺点,故选B。
D
答案：1-4 ABAD
解析：1.词义猜测题。由前一句的“a national key project”及其后的“by government funding(拨款)”可知，“back”意为“支持”。
2.细节理解题。由最后一段第三句“China has the world's largest elderly peculation with 159 million people over 60, accounting for 12 percent of its total population.”可知。
3.细节理解题。由第二段“We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years...”可知。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一种可以照顾孤独老年人生活的机器人即将面世，以及与其相关的测试、功能、技术、前景等问题。
第二节
答案：①-⑤DAGCB
解析：①上文以三个问句的方式表述了: 谁给你发邮件或短信仅仅说"谢谢你" 谁给你语音留言而不是发文字给你 谁问一个很容易在网上找到的事实 由此推断D选项"难道这些人没有意识到他们在浪费你的时间吗 "符合语境。
②根据后句中的listen to可以推断空格处的内容和语音信息有关, 故A选项符合语境。
③根据Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, "Ahoy!" Finally, hello won out 可知, 空格处描述贝尔刚发明电话时出现了不知道如何打招呼的问题, 所以判断G选项"当电话被发明出来后, 人们不知道如何和来电者打招呼。"符合语境。
④上文介绍在智能手机时代用数字地图就能解决许多问题; 下文提到你帮助他们解决问题后, 他们会回复你一封感谢邮件。可知C选项But people still ask these things.(但人们仍会问这些事情。)承上启下。
⑤本段介绍不同的人群对礼节有不同的看法。根据Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. 可知, B选项Others, like me, want no reply.与之形成对比, 指出另一种情况, 符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 CCBAD 6-10ADCCD 11-15AACBB
解析：1.根据下文 The teacher...promised to 3 them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even 4 可知, 十年过去了, 作者怕老师把寄信这件事忘了, 所以怀疑自己能不能收到信。
2.根据下文 I recalled giving my future self some advice 可知这是一封写给未来的自己的信。
3.根据self-addressed envelopes with stamps可知信是邮寄给学生自己。correct改正; mail邮寄; answer回答; write写。
4.根据上文 whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later可知, 作者对于老师是否还记得存有疑问。
5.根据上文中反复提到的letter可知, 此处指作者回想写给自己的信。
6.根据常识和句中并列连词but以及as mature as可知, 28岁似乎是一个成熟的年纪。grown-up成熟的; happy高兴的; made-up编造的; promising有希望的。
7.此处指作者18岁时期望自己28岁时是成熟的, 但28岁时的自己感觉并不像18岁时期望的那样成熟。故选D。
8.根据上文可知作者对这封信盼望已久, 所以收到信后急切地打开它。
9.根据常识可知, 高中生面临即将到来的重要考试和大学申请。appear出现; arise发生; approach临近, 接近; approve 赞成。故选C。approaching为现在分词作定语。
10.根据常识可知高中生面临高考升学, 压力很大。最后一段中的I had put a lot of pressure on myself 也给出了提示。
11.根据上文wouldn't worry so much in the future 和live in the present可知, 那时的自己希望将来的自己活在当下, 享受生活。
12.根据下文 my eighteen-year-old self did not have any demands on me可知, 18岁的作者对将来的自己没有任何要求, 这与作者本来的看法相反。contrary相反的; superior更好的; surprised感到惊讶的; strange奇怪的。
13.根据空前的Instead和下文的I'll support you可知, 18岁的自己支持28岁的自己。
14.句意: 即使你不是我现在想象的那个人, 我也会支持你, 因为也许我想象的人是别人, 但你不是别人——你是我。根据someone else和me可知此处指人。
15.根据tears came to my eyes和作者的感悟可知, 作者被感动了。guilty有罪的; touched感动的; embarrassed尴尬的; nervous紧张的。
第二节
答案： was requested; was being shown; was stopped; be pulled; pointing; led; are formed; to be pulled; be removed
解析：
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear John,
Knowing that you are interested in science fiction, I'd like to invite you to see a film this weekend. The Wandering Earth is on these days, whose theme is to save the earth and protect our common home. The movie audiences describe it as a breakthrough in the Chinese film industry and it has received a wide range of positive reviews so far.
Shall we go to watch the film if you are available How about this Saturday evening Please contact me at your earliest convenience so that I can book the tickets in advance.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. She went over and then opened the box to find Linda's tape was just inside. At that time, she was in a dilemma, "This is my chance to defeat her." But on second thought, she changed her mind, "If I hide it, I will win the competition, but I may lose something." She placed it on the chair carefully, leaving a note saying "Take it easy, and we are the best." Soon, it's her turn to come on the stage.
Paragraph 2:
Hearing her name called, Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster. She kept reminding herself, "I have been practicing for so long, and I will certainly make it." But the serious pain in her arm came again when she was performing the most difficult spin. She fell down on the stage. At that moment, Linda came back in low spirits. To her surprise and relief, she saw the tape and Mary's note. With Mary's kindness and encouragement, Linda finished her performance calmly and skillfully. Finally, Mary lost the game in the end but she gained something more valuable.
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Vitality Big Half gets underway this morning. It was first launched last year and saw 11,000 take part, with the aim of bringing Londoners together and celebrating the diversity of the capital. A festival is being held at the finish line with music, food and activities throughout the day.
The strong winds this morning unfortunately mean that the scheduled music performances from local talents have had to be cancelled as it’s impossible to build the temporary stage structures for the festival. The food will still be available and the event will include cooking classes from MasterChef Steve Kielty, and there will also be running challenges, trampolining(端床运动), craft making and gardening advice.
When the half-marathon starts:
The Vitality Big Half will start from 9 am by Tower Bridge, as well as The New Balance Big Relay.
The 2.4-mile Little Half will start at 12:45 from Southwark Park, while The Vitality Big Mile will start at Greenwich Park from 12:30.
Greenwich Park will also be where The Vitality Big Festival is held between 9 am and 4 pm today.
What is the route:
The Big Half will be starting at Tower Bridge and runners will then follow a 13.1-mile route that will take them past Shadwell and Limehouse, before circling around Canary Wharf.
Half-marathon runners will then follow up the River Thames back towards Wapping and then go over Tower Bridge and head towards Southwark Park.
The route continues along the south side of the River Thames and circles around Rotherhithe before joining the Little Half runners and travelling through Deptford towards the finish line at Cutty Sark.
How to watch the runners:
You can go to various points along the route to watch the runners in person, watch them at home on your TV or watch them online.
1.What is the purpose of The Vitality Big Half
A.To list some dos and don'ts of a great event in London.
B.To gather the locals together and praise the city's diversity.
C.To encourage people to do sports and outdoor activities.
D.To introduce different ways to celebrate a traditional festival.
2.What happened to the music performances of this year's festival
A.It failed to go on as planned. B.It attracted too many people.
C.The temporary stage was destroyed. D.Talents from around the world came.
3.Which place will the Big Half marathon runners and the Little Half runners join together
A.The River Thames. B.Wapping. C.Rotherhithe. D.Deptford.
B
A company in California, called Zume, is testing machines that make pizza. The robot takes and shapes dough to create the base of the pizza. It then adds tomato sauce, cheese, meat or other toppings. Next, the robot places the uncooked pizza into a hot oven. A few minutes later, the pizza is ready. The pizza comes out the same each time. Zume says the robots work quickly and do not get sick. They do not get paid either.
Julia Collins is the company's co-founder and chief executive officer (CEO). Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots. Zume is using robots to make pizza.
Charity Suzuki has bought the robot-made pizza. She likes its taste. "It's delicious. It's always hot and fresh when it comes. I mean it's great that they're making it, but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human."
Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster. But what about the jobs the robots are taking from humans
Ken Goldberg is a professor at the University of California in Berkeley. He also directs the school's automation laboratory. Goldberg says researchers have been working with robots for 50 years. He says that, while there has been progress, the jobs are not going to disappear right away. "I want to reassure(使放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value," Goldberg says.
"We're going to get rid of boring, repetitive, dangerous jobs and we're going to free up people to do things that have higher value. There's going to be amazing new ways of working that don't exist yet but are going to be created," Alex Garden, the chairman of Zume, says.
1.Why can Zume devote more money to better food products
A.It earns a lot by selling pizza. B.It wants to create more robots.
C.It can save a lot by using robots. D.It hopes to attract more customers.
2.What can we know about the robot-made pizza according to Suzuki
A.It really agrees with her taste. B.It isn't hot or fresh all the time.
C.It is tastier than the man-made pizza. D.It is delicious and free of charge.
3.What's the benefit of using robots to make pizza
A.They work efficiently. B.They help sick people.
C.They need few payments. D.They produce better pizza.
4.What does Goldberg think of the jobs of restaurant workers
A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Dangerous. D.Necessary.
C
You have probably read about robots replacing human labour as a new era of automation takes root in one industry after another. However, a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs.
In New Zealand, farmers are using drones to herd and monitor cows and sheep, taking up the position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century. The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated(盗用) one of the animal's most powerful tools: barking. The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $ 3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loudspeaker, giving the machine the ability to imitate its canine counterparts.
Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a farm, told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective. "That's the one thing I've noticed that when you're moving cows the old cows stand up to the dogs, but with the drones, they've never done that," he said, noting the drones move cows faster, with less stress, than the dogs do.
The drones come in handy for more than just herding cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals' health without disturbing them. Jason Rentoul told RNZ that a two-hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone. "On a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done by farmers on foot, the drones really save a lot of man hours," he said.
For now, farmers say, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer lifespan than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge.
1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Farmers. B.Dogs. C.Sheep. D.Loudspeakers.
2.Which of the following statements is supported by the passage
A.Herding dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland.
B.The drones can help monitor weather conditions with the current technology.
C.The drones are multifunctional and leave the animals undisturbed.
D.The market for the DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price.
3.Why can't the drones replace the dogs entirely
A.The drones are much more expensive.
B.Cows are not used to seeing the drones.
C.The drones can't bark as loudly as the dogs do.
D.The drones' power is limited and they need charging.
4.What is the author's attitude towards the drones in the passage
A.Supportive. B.Objective. C.Critical. D.Doubtful.
D
A 1.6-metre-tall robot may soon become the best friend for lonely elderly people, as Chinese scientists are making the final sprint(冲刺) towards its market launch(投放), said a senior researcher on the robot project on Saturday.
"We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years," said Li Ruifeng, a member of the project.
He said the team hoped to reduce the cost so that the robot can be priced at 30, 000 to 50, 000 yuan, which is expected to be an affordable price for most of China's better-off families.
The robot has been developed with the functions of fetching food and medicine, sounding alarms in case of water or gas leakage, sending texts or video images via wireless communications, and even singing a song or playing chess to entertain its masters.
Li said that the robot, developed independently in China, has technology at the same level as those in Western labs.
China set about the research of the robot in 2007, when it was listed as a national key project. It is backed by government funding(拨款). China has the world's largest elderly population with 159 million people over 60, accounting for 12 percent of its total population. According to a survey by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, more than 10 million caregivers and nurses are needed to attend the elderly, as most of Chinese elderly prefer to live their retired lives at home.
1. The underlined word "backed" in the last paragraph means _____.
A. supported B. suggested C. controlled D. stopped
2. From the last paragraph we know that _____.
A. our government pays no attention to the elderly people
B. China has the world's largest elderly population
C. Chinese elderly people prefer to be looked after by robot caregivers
D. robots are the best friends for the lonely elderly people
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Robot caregivers will appear in the market in 2 to 3 years.
B. Robot caregivers can help elderly people to do everything.
C. China needs some technical support from Western labs.
D. The robot is expected to be bought by every person.
4. The author wrote the passage to _____.
A. advertise a robot caregiver to the elderly
B. tell Chinese elderly not to worry about their lives
C. explain how robot caregivers work in the future
D. introduce a newly-developed robot caregiver
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says "Thank you" Who leaves a voice mail message rather than text you Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet ①_____
Maybe I'm rude and should feel guilty for not appreciating life's little courtesies(礼貌). But many social rules just don't make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a co-author of Emily Post's Etiquette, asked, "At what point does showing appreciation outweigh (比……重要) the cost "
②_____ Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.
It isn't the first time technology has changed our manners. ③_____ Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, "Ahoy(啊嘿)!"Finally, hello won out, and the victory sped up the greeting's use in face-to-face communication.
In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business's phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map. ④_____ And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.
How to handle these different standards Easy: Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. ⑤_____ In traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modem societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion, whereas that time-wasting forms of communication do.
A. Then there is voice mail.
B. Others, like me, want no reply.
C. But people still ask these things.
D. Don't these people realize that they're wasting your time
E. Won't new technology bring about changes in our daily life
F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.
G. When the telephone was invented, people didn't know how to greet a caller.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had reached the age of twenty-eight. Still, I 1 whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later. It sounded ridiculous, but it was a creative writing task when I was eighteen. The teacher collected our letters to our 2 selves in self-addressed(寄给自己的) envelopes with stamps and promised to 3 them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even 4
Thinking back on the 5 , I recalled giving my future self some advice. When you're eighteen years old, twenty-eight seems like a 6 age, but I wasn't feeling as mature as I believed my younger self had 7 me to be.
When the letter finally reached me, I opened it 8 . It began, "How much do you bet this letter will never get to you " It continued to greet me casually as if we were having an IM (instant messaging) chat. As a senior in high school, facing the 9 important exams and college application, my eighteen-year-old self was so 10 ! She was apparently not quite happy and hoped I wouldn't worry so much in the future, and that I would live in the present and 11 my life!
12 to my belief, my eighteen-year-old self did not have any demands on me, or expectations I might have failed to meet. Instead, she wrote, "I'll 13 whatever you do. Even if you are not the one I'm imagining now, I'll support you, because maybe 14 I'm imagining is someone else, but you're not someone else—you're me."
I was 15 , and tears came to my eyes at this self-acceptance(自我接受) time. I had put a lot of pressure on myself to be the best version of myself that I could be. However, I came to realize what I would have accomplished in ten years would pale in comparison(显得逊色) to how I'd feel and who I'd be.
1. A. believed B. presumed C. doubted D. considered
2. A. inner B. happy C. future D. young
3. A. correct B. mail C. answer D. write
4. A. remember B. understand C. calculate D. explode
5. A. application B. comment C. study D. letter
6. A. grown-up B. happy C. made-up D. promising
7. A. told B. convinced C. encouraged D. expected
8. A. calmly B. cautiously C. eagerly D. naturally
9. A. appearing B. arising C. approaching D. approving
10. A. depressed B. ambitious C. carefree D. stressed
11. A. enjoy B. value C. start D. earn
12. A. Contrary B. Superior C. Surprised D. Strange
13. A. stand for B. stand with C. stand by D. stand out
14. A. what B. who C. which D. that
15. A. guilty B. touched C. embarrassed D. nervous
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An old scholar ①_____(request) to get rid of a boy's bad habits. The boy ②_____ (show) around a garden when suddenly he ③_____ (stop) and asked to pull out a tiny plant growing there.
The boy held the plant between his thumb and forefinger and pulled it out. The old man then suggested that a slightly bigger plant should ④_____ (pull) out. The boy pulled hard and the plant came out, roots and all. "Now pull out that one" said the old man, ⑤_____ (point) to a bush. This time, the boy managed it but with great efforts.
After that, the old man ⑥_____ (lead) him to a big tree and said, "Now take this one out." The boy grasped the trunk and tried his best to pull it out. But it would not move. "It's impossible," said the boy.
"So it is with bad habits," said the wise man. "When they ⑦_____ (form) at the beginning, they are easy ⑧_____ (pull) out, but when they become strong, they cannot ⑨_____ (remove)."
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华,想邀请你的朋友John在周六晚上去观看科幻电影The Wandering earth,请用英语给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.发出邀请;
2.介绍电影(主题:保护人类共同的家园——地球;观众评价等);
3.请求回复。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear John, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
Mary waited anxiously for her turn in the empty dressing room. Never had she been so nervous before. This competition was of vital importance to her comeback. "If I can win today" she said to herself, "I can dance on the national stage next month." Three months ago, her left arm was seriously injured in a car accident. After the medical treatment, she began to recover slowly. She practiced over and over again in order to regain her dancing skills.
"Hi, Mary" in rushed her friend Jessica. "How is your arm Is it going to influence your performance "
"I guess it can be tolerated, for I am to win the match, "said Mary with a determined look.
"Admirable! But I hear that a girl called Linda is really gifted and strong. She can be your real well-matched e on!"
After Jessica left, Mary decided to practice her most difficult spin. "If I don't try harder, I won't grasp this chance," she thought. But her arm began to hurt, making her worried. "Mary, what makes you think you have a chance tonight "she said to herself. After the pain was gone, she continued to warm up.
A slim girl hurried in and put down an equipment bag on the chair. Then, she took out her dance dress quickly and put it on skillfully. Seeing Mary, she smiled politely and said, "Hi, I'm Linda. I am the next one!" Mary nodded in reply but felt uncomfortable. "This is just my competitor. Because of her, I may lose tonight." Her mind was wandering when Linda let out a scrcam, "Oh, God, I can't find my music tape!" Linda searched her bag but in vain. "It may be lost on the way." With these words, she then rushed out.
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Hearing her name called, Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.BAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"with the aim of bringing Londoners together and celebrating the diversity of the capital"可知,组织The Vitality Big Half的目的是将当地人聚集在一起,赞美这座城市的多样性。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The strong winds this morning unfortunately mean that the scheduled music performances from local talents have had to be cancelled as it's impossible to build the temporary stage structures for the festival"可知,由于大风该活动没有按计划进行。故选A。
3.考查细节理解。根据What is the route:中的"joining the Little Half runners and travelling through Deptford towards the finish line at Cutty Sark"可知,他们将在Deptford会合。
B
答案：1-4.CAAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots"可知,因为不用给机器人付工资,所以Zume可以把更多的资金投入到更好的食物产品上。
2.考查细节理解。由第三段中的"She likes its taste. 'It's delicious. It's always hot and fresh when it comes. I mean it's great that they're making it, but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human'"可知,Suzuki认为机器人生产的比萨很美味,很对她的胃口,她分辨不出人做的比萨和机器人做的比萨的区别。
3.考查细节理解。由第一段中的"Zume says the robots work quickly"和第四段中的"Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster"可知,机器人的工作效率很高,故A项正确。
4.考查推理判断。由倒数第二段中的"I want to reassure(使放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value"可知,Goldberg认为餐馆工作人员的技能仍然有价值,故可推知他认为他们的工作是不可缺少的。故D项正确。
C
答案：1-4.BCDB
解析：1.考查词义猜测。由画线部分所在句可知,DJI Mavic Enterprise无人机有一个功能,它可以让机器录下声音,并通过扩音器播放。由上文中的"The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated(盗用) one of the animal's most powerful tools: barking"可知,这种机器人已经盗用了狗的最有效的工具之一:犬吠。由此可推知,此处表示这种机器人可以模仿狗。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据第四段的第二句可知,这些机器人可以让农民从远处监测土地、水和投饲量,并在不打扰动物的情况下检查它们的健康状况,由此可知,无人机是多功能的且不会打扰到动物,故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知,目前仍然需要牧羊犬,主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长,可以在恶劣天气下工作,不需要每隔几个小时充一次电,故D项符合题意。
4.考查观点态度。本文介绍了在新西兰,农民使用无人机放牧和监测牛羊的事实,并没有夹杂作者个人的观点,客观地表达了无人机的优缺点,故选B。
D
答案：1-4 ABAD
解析：1.词义猜测题。由前一句的“a national key project”及其后的“by government funding(拨款)”可知，“back”意为“支持”。
2.细节理解题。由最后一段第三句“China has the world's largest elderly peculation with 159 million people over 60, accounting for 12 percent of its total population.”可知。
3.细节理解题。由第二段“We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years...”可知。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一种可以照顾孤独老年人生活的机器人即将面世，以及与其相关的测试、功能、技术、前景等问题。
第二节
答案：①-⑤DAGCB
解析：①上文以三个问句的方式表述了: 谁给你发邮件或短信仅仅说"谢谢你" 谁给你语音留言而不是发文字给你 谁问一个很容易在网上找到的事实 由此推断D选项"难道这些人没有意识到他们在浪费你的时间吗 "符合语境。
②根据后句中的listen to可以推断空格处的内容和语音信息有关, 故A选项符合语境。
③根据Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, "Ahoy!" Finally, hello won out 可知, 空格处描述贝尔刚发明电话时出现了不知道如何打招呼的问题, 所以判断G选项"当电话被发明出来后, 人们不知道如何和来电者打招呼。"符合语境。
④上文介绍在智能手机时代用数字地图就能解决许多问题; 下文提到你帮助他们解决问题后, 他们会回复你一封感谢邮件。可知C选项But people still ask these things.(但人们仍会问这些事情。)承上启下。
⑤本段介绍不同的人群对礼节有不同的看法。根据Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. 可知, B选项Others, like me, want no reply.与之形成对比, 指出另一种情况, 符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 CCBAD 6-10ADCCD 11-15AACBB
解析：1.根据下文 The teacher...promised to 3 them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even 4 可知, 十年过去了, 作者怕老师把寄信这件事忘了, 所以怀疑自己能不能收到信。
2.根据下文 I recalled giving my future self some advice 可知这是一封写给未来的自己的信。
3.根据self-addressed envelopes with stamps可知信是邮寄给学生自己。correct改正; mail邮寄; answer回答; write写。
4.根据上文 whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later可知, 作者对于老师是否还记得存有疑问。
5.根据上文中反复提到的letter可知, 此处指作者回想写给自己的信。
6.根据常识和句中并列连词but以及as mature as可知, 28岁似乎是一个成熟的年纪。grown-up成熟的; happy高兴的; made-up编造的; promising有希望的。
7.此处指作者18岁时期望自己28岁时是成熟的, 但28岁时的自己感觉并不像18岁时期望的那样成熟。故选D。
8.根据上文可知作者对这封信盼望已久, 所以收到信后急切地打开它。
9.根据常识可知, 高中生面临即将到来的重要考试和大学申请。appear出现; arise发生; approach临近, 接近; approve 赞成。故选C。approaching为现在分词作定语。
10.根据常识可知高中生面临高考升学, 压力很大。最后一段中的I had put a lot of pressure on myself 也给出了提示。
11.根据上文wouldn't worry so much in the future 和live in the present可知, 那时的自己希望将来的自己活在当下, 享受生活。
12.根据下文 my eighteen-year-old self did not have any demands on me可知, 18岁的作者对将来的自己没有任何要求, 这与作者本来的看法相反。contrary相反的; superior更好的; surprised感到惊讶的; strange奇怪的。
13.根据空前的Instead和下文的I'll support you可知, 18岁的自己支持28岁的自己。
14.句意: 即使你不是我现在想象的那个人, 我也会支持你, 因为也许我想象的人是别人, 但你不是别人——你是我。根据someone else和me可知此处指人。
15.根据tears came to my eyes和作者的感悟可知, 作者被感动了。guilty有罪的; touched感动的; embarrassed尴尬的; nervous紧张的。
第二节
答案： was requested; was being shown; was stopped; be pulled; pointing; led; are formed; to be pulled; be removed
解析：
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear John,
Knowing that you are interested in science fiction, I'd like to invite you to see a film this weekend. The Wandering Earth is on these days, whose theme is to save the earth and protect our common home. The movie audiences describe it as a breakthrough in the Chinese film industry and it has received a wide range of positive reviews so far.
Shall we go to watch the film if you are available How about this Saturday evening Please contact me at your earliest convenience so that I can book the tickets in advance.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. She went over and then opened the box to find Linda's tape was just inside. At that time, she was in a dilemma, "This is my chance to defeat her." But on second thought, she changed her mind, "If I hide it, I will win the competition, but I may lose something." She placed it on the chair carefully, leaving a note saying "Take it easy, and we are the best." Soon, it's her turn to come on the stage.
Paragraph 2:
Hearing her name called, Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster. She kept reminding herself, "I have been practicing for so long, and I will certainly make it." But the serious pain in her arm came again when she was performing the most difficult spin. She fell down on the stage. At that moment, Linda came back in low spirits. To her surprise and relief, she saw the tape and Mary's note. With Mary's kindness and encouragement, Linda finished her performance calmly and skillfully. Finally, Mary lost the game in the end but she gained something more valuable.