北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 9 Human Biology Writing 随堂检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 9 Human Biology Writing 随堂检测（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-27 13:55:12 | ||
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Unit 9 Human Biology Writing——2021-2022学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册随堂检测
一、填空
1.One evening at the station, I had my n_____________ out and was working on a scarf.
2.Infectious diseases are spreading among many of the flood v_____________.
3.Men d_____________ from beasts in that they can think and speak.
4.Give each picture a number c_____________ to its position on the page.
5.You'd better cut out the last two p_____________ of your article.
6.The _____________(数据库) allows you to access the sales figures in a number of ways.
7....tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its _____________(矿物质) are mined to when we stop using the device.
8.I have an online resource that I want you to _____________(象征性地) pay for.
9.After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who _____________(确认） the lady as Erin Smith.
10.…but many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the _____________(现象） we call sound.
二、语法填空
Over time I have been changed quite a lot. I began as a ①__________(calculate) machine in France in 1642. When I was young I could ②__________ (simple) difficult sums. I developed very slowly and ③__________ took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I was programmed by an operator ④__________ used cards with holes, I could "think" ⑤__________ (logical) and produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my "artificial intelligence". In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, ⑥__________ (write) a book about whether I could be made ⑦__________ (work) as a "universal machine" to solve any difficult mathematical problem. From then ⑧__________, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger. However, this reality also worried my designers. As time went by, I was made ⑨__________ (small). First as a PC, and then as a laptop, I ⑩__________ (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.
三、阅读理解
If you could change your children's DNA in the future to protect them against diseases, would you It could be possible because of technology known as CRISPR/Cas, or just CRISPR.
CRISPR involves a piece of RNA, a chemical messenger, designed to work on one part of DNA ; it also uses an enzyme that can take unwanted genes out and put new ones in, according to The Economist. There are other ways of editing DNA, but CRISPR will do it very simply, quickly, and exactly.
The uses of CRISPR could mean that cures are developed for everything from Alzheimer's to cancer to HIV. By allowing doctors to put just the right cancer-killing genes into a patients immune system, the technology could help greatly.
In April scientists in China said they had tried using CRISPR to edit the genomes(基因组) of human embryos. Though the embryos would never turn into humans, this was the first time anyone had ever tried to edit DNA from human beings. With this in mind, the US National Academy of Sciences plans to discuss questions about CRISPR's ethics(伦理标准). For example, CRISPR doesn't work properly yet. As well as cutting the DNA it is looking for, it often cuts other DNA, too. In addition, we currently seem to have too little understanding of what DNA gives people what qualities.
There are also moral questions. Of course, medicine already stops natural things from happening—for example, it saves people from infections. The opportunities to treat diseases make it hard to say we shouldn't keep going.
A harder question is whether it is ever right to edit human cells and make changes that are passed on to children. This is banned in 40 countries and restricted in many others. However, CRISPR means that if genes can be edited out, they can also be edited back in. It may be up to us as a society to decide when and where editing the genome is wrong.
Also, according to The Economist, gene editing may mean that parents make choices that are not obviously in the best interests of their children : "Deaf parents may prefer their children to be deaf too; parents might want to make their children more intelligent at all costs."
In the end, more research is still needed to see what we can and can't do with CRISPR. "It's still a huge mystery how we work," Craig Mello, a UMASS Medical School biologist and Nobel Prize winner, told The Boston Globe. "We're just trying to figure out this amazingly complicated thing we call life."
1.What is the passage mainly about
A.What we can and can't do with CRISPR.
B.How CRISPR was developed by scientists.
C.The advantages of CRISPR and arguments about its ethics.
D.Scientists' experiments of using CRISPR to edit human embryos.
2.According to the passage, the technology of CRISPR _________.
A.is very safe because it only cuts the DNA it is looking for
B.is banned in most countries and restricted in many others
C.could cause parents to make unwise choices for their children
D.could help us discover the link between DNA and the qualities it gives people
3.It can be inferred from the passage that ___________.
A.all diseases could probably be cured through the use of CRISPR
B.scientists had never edited genomes before CRISPR was invented
C.CRISPR is a technology that uses an enzyme to work on RNA and DNA
D.CRISPR has proven to be the most effective way to protect children against diseases
4.What is the author's attitude towards CRISPR
A.Supportive. B.Worried. C.Negative. D.Objective.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：needles
2.答案：victims
3.答案：differ
4.答案：corresponding
5.答案：paragraphs
6.答案：database
7.答案：minerals
8.答案：symbolically
9.答案：identified
10.答案：phenomenon
二、语法填空
答案：calculating ; simplify ; it ; who/that; logically ; wrote ; to work; on ; smaller ; have been used
解析：①修饰名词machine应用动名词形式,故填calculating。
② could后接动词原形,故填simplify。
③“It takes +一段时间+ before +其他成分.”是固定句型,表示“花费了多长时间以后才……”,it作形式主语,故填it。
④此处引导一个限定性定语从句,先行词是an operator,且从句缺少主语,因此要用who或者that来引导。
⑤此处应用副词修饰动词think,故填logically。
⑥ 根据时间状语"In 1936"可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,应使用一般过去时,故填wrote。
⑦分析句子可知,work作make的宾语补足语,被动语态中的宾语补足语要用带to的不定式,故填to work。
⑧from then on“从那时起”,是固定短语。
⑨随着时间的推移,电脑越来越小,所以此处应用形容词的比较级smaller作宾语补足语。
⑩根据时间状语since the 1970s可知,表示过去发生且一直持续到现在的动作应用现在完成时,且主语I与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故填have been used。
三、阅读理解
答案：1-4.CCAD
解析：1.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种为抵抗疾病而改变基因组织的新科技CRISPR及其优点和在伦理方面引发的各种争论。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,基因被改变,会导致父母不能正确对孩子作出决定,故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"The uses of CRISPR could mean that cures are developed for everything from Alzheimer's to cancer to HIV."可知,CRISPR技术使得所有疾病的治愈成为可能。故选A项。
4.推理判断题。作者详细介绍了CRISPR技术在治疗疾病方面的帮助作用以及人们对它的各种顾虑。作者是客观如实介绍的,所以对此技术的观点是客观的。故选D项"Objective."
一、填空
1.One evening at the station, I had my n_____________ out and was working on a scarf.
2.Infectious diseases are spreading among many of the flood v_____________.
3.Men d_____________ from beasts in that they can think and speak.
4.Give each picture a number c_____________ to its position on the page.
5.You'd better cut out the last two p_____________ of your article.
6.The _____________(数据库) allows you to access the sales figures in a number of ways.
7....tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its _____________(矿物质) are mined to when we stop using the device.
8.I have an online resource that I want you to _____________(象征性地) pay for.
9.After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who _____________(确认） the lady as Erin Smith.
10.…but many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the _____________(现象） we call sound.
二、语法填空
Over time I have been changed quite a lot. I began as a ①__________(calculate) machine in France in 1642. When I was young I could ②__________ (simple) difficult sums. I developed very slowly and ③__________ took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I was programmed by an operator ④__________ used cards with holes, I could "think" ⑤__________ (logical) and produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my "artificial intelligence". In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, ⑥__________ (write) a book about whether I could be made ⑦__________ (work) as a "universal machine" to solve any difficult mathematical problem. From then ⑧__________, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger. However, this reality also worried my designers. As time went by, I was made ⑨__________ (small). First as a PC, and then as a laptop, I ⑩__________ (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.
三、阅读理解
If you could change your children's DNA in the future to protect them against diseases, would you It could be possible because of technology known as CRISPR/Cas, or just CRISPR.
CRISPR involves a piece of RNA, a chemical messenger, designed to work on one part of DNA ; it also uses an enzyme that can take unwanted genes out and put new ones in, according to The Economist. There are other ways of editing DNA, but CRISPR will do it very simply, quickly, and exactly.
The uses of CRISPR could mean that cures are developed for everything from Alzheimer's to cancer to HIV. By allowing doctors to put just the right cancer-killing genes into a patients immune system, the technology could help greatly.
In April scientists in China said they had tried using CRISPR to edit the genomes(基因组) of human embryos. Though the embryos would never turn into humans, this was the first time anyone had ever tried to edit DNA from human beings. With this in mind, the US National Academy of Sciences plans to discuss questions about CRISPR's ethics(伦理标准). For example, CRISPR doesn't work properly yet. As well as cutting the DNA it is looking for, it often cuts other DNA, too. In addition, we currently seem to have too little understanding of what DNA gives people what qualities.
There are also moral questions. Of course, medicine already stops natural things from happening—for example, it saves people from infections. The opportunities to treat diseases make it hard to say we shouldn't keep going.
A harder question is whether it is ever right to edit human cells and make changes that are passed on to children. This is banned in 40 countries and restricted in many others. However, CRISPR means that if genes can be edited out, they can also be edited back in. It may be up to us as a society to decide when and where editing the genome is wrong.
Also, according to The Economist, gene editing may mean that parents make choices that are not obviously in the best interests of their children : "Deaf parents may prefer their children to be deaf too; parents might want to make their children more intelligent at all costs."
In the end, more research is still needed to see what we can and can't do with CRISPR. "It's still a huge mystery how we work," Craig Mello, a UMASS Medical School biologist and Nobel Prize winner, told The Boston Globe. "We're just trying to figure out this amazingly complicated thing we call life."
1.What is the passage mainly about
A.What we can and can't do with CRISPR.
B.How CRISPR was developed by scientists.
C.The advantages of CRISPR and arguments about its ethics.
D.Scientists' experiments of using CRISPR to edit human embryos.
2.According to the passage, the technology of CRISPR _________.
A.is very safe because it only cuts the DNA it is looking for
B.is banned in most countries and restricted in many others
C.could cause parents to make unwise choices for their children
D.could help us discover the link between DNA and the qualities it gives people
3.It can be inferred from the passage that ___________.
A.all diseases could probably be cured through the use of CRISPR
B.scientists had never edited genomes before CRISPR was invented
C.CRISPR is a technology that uses an enzyme to work on RNA and DNA
D.CRISPR has proven to be the most effective way to protect children against diseases
4.What is the author's attitude towards CRISPR
A.Supportive. B.Worried. C.Negative. D.Objective.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：needles
2.答案：victims
3.答案：differ
4.答案：corresponding
5.答案：paragraphs
6.答案：database
7.答案：minerals
8.答案：symbolically
9.答案：identified
10.答案：phenomenon
二、语法填空
答案：calculating ; simplify ; it ; who/that; logically ; wrote ; to work; on ; smaller ; have been used
解析：①修饰名词machine应用动名词形式,故填calculating。
② could后接动词原形,故填simplify。
③“It takes +一段时间+ before +其他成分.”是固定句型,表示“花费了多长时间以后才……”,it作形式主语,故填it。
④此处引导一个限定性定语从句,先行词是an operator,且从句缺少主语,因此要用who或者that来引导。
⑤此处应用副词修饰动词think,故填logically。
⑥ 根据时间状语"In 1936"可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,应使用一般过去时,故填wrote。
⑦分析句子可知,work作make的宾语补足语,被动语态中的宾语补足语要用带to的不定式,故填to work。
⑧from then on“从那时起”,是固定短语。
⑨随着时间的推移,电脑越来越小,所以此处应用形容词的比较级smaller作宾语补足语。
⑩根据时间状语since the 1970s可知,表示过去发生且一直持续到现在的动作应用现在完成时,且主语I与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故填have been used。
三、阅读理解
答案：1-4.CCAD
解析：1.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种为抵抗疾病而改变基因组织的新科技CRISPR及其优点和在伦理方面引发的各种争论。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,基因被改变,会导致父母不能正确对孩子作出决定,故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"The uses of CRISPR could mean that cures are developed for everything from Alzheimer's to cancer to HIV."可知,CRISPR技术使得所有疾病的治愈成为可能。故选A项。
4.推理判断题。作者详细介绍了CRISPR技术在治疗疾病方面的帮助作用以及人们对它的各种顾虑。作者是客观如实介绍的,所以对此技术的观点是客观的。故选D项"Objective."