(共18张PPT)
易错点归纳与突破
--数词
2022中考英语
基数词的用法
[2021百色]Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)still worked in his ________(ninety).
【详解】句意:杂交水稻之父袁隆平九十多岁还在工作。表示“不确切岁数”:结构为“in+one's+整十的复数”。故填nineties.
易错点一:
[2021温州]She attends a school in Ilorin,Nigeria,wearing the same pink dress as two ___________(百)other girls at the school.
【详解】句意:她在尼日利亚伊洛林的一所学校上学,穿着和学校里其他200名女孩一样的粉红色裙子。表示确切的数字时,结构为:具体数字+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数。故填hundred项。
hundred
1.表日期
年用基数词,日用序数词。
如:“1985年3月5日”译为:March 5th,1985
2.表时刻
(1)整点一般用“基数词+o'clock”。
如:“5点钟”读作five o'clock
(2)当分钟小于或等于30分时,用介词past,译为“几点过几分”。
如:7:05读作five past seven;7:30 读作half past seven。
(3)当分钟小于或等于30分时,用介词to,译为“差几分到几点”。
如:3:55 读作five to four;8:45读作a quarter to nine。
知识点再现
3.表顺序和编号
由“单数名词+基数词”构成,名词和基数词的首字母通常都大写。如:Grade Nine九年级 Room 55 55号房间
4.表年龄
(1)基数词(+year(s)old):
Her daughter is eighteen(years old).她的女儿18岁。
(2)基数词-year-old(作定语):
a three-year-old boy 一个3岁的小男孩
(3)表示“不确切岁数”:结构为“in+one's+整十的复数”,
如: in his forties 在他40多岁时。
5.表年代
由“in+ the+年代-s”构成,译为“在几世纪几十年代”。
如:in the 1980s在20世纪80年代。
6.表确数与概数
(1)表示确切的数字时,结构为:具体数字+hundred/thousand/
million/billion+名词复数。
如:eight hundred dollars 800美元
(2)表示不确切的数字时,结构为:hundreds/thousands/millions/
billions+of+名词复数。
如:hundreds of成百上千的;thousands of 成千上万的;millions of数百万的;billions of数十亿的。
注意
1.“基数词+名词+形容词”合成的定语中,名词用单数。
a 10-metre-deep hole 一个10米深的洞
2.another+基数词+名词复数=基数词+more+名词复数。
如:We need another two bananas.=We need two more bananas.
3.基数词与表时间、距离、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时,常被看
作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
Thirty years is quite a long time.
序数词的用法
[2021兰州]June is the_______(six) month of a year.
【详解】句意:六月是一年当中第六个月。考查序数词。第六是sixth。
易错点二:
sixth
[2021雅安]Mum, David's ___________(第五) birthday is coming.What shall we get for him
【详解】句意:妈妈,大卫的五岁生日快到了。我们应该给他买什么?根据句意可知,此处应使用fifth。
1.表示顺序时,序数词前常加the。
如:the second picture第二幅图 in the 21st century 在21世纪
2.序数词前若有限定词,则不加定冠词the。
如:It is my third time to visit Beijing.
3.序数词前加a/an表示“又一,再一”。
如:I've tried twice,but I'll try a third time.
知识点再现
one→first two→second three→third
five→fifth nine→ninth twelve→twelfth
forty→fortieth eighty-nine→ eighty-ninth one hundred→
one hundredth
常考特殊的基数词与序数词的转换:
基变序,有规律,末尾加上-th;
一二三,特殊记,面目全非要注意;
八加-h,九去-e,-ve要用-f替;
以-y结尾变-ie,后跟-th莫忘记;
若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。
【巧学妙记】
分数及倍数的用法
[2021龙东]____________ of the land is covered with forests.
A. Three quarter B. Three quarters C. Third quarters
【详解】句意: 四分之三的土地被森林覆盖。分数表达法:基数词做分子,序数词做分母,当分子大于一时,分母用复数,1/4常用a quarter来表示,故选B项。
易错点三:
1. 分数
(1)分数的构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母加 s。如:2/3 two thirds;5/9 five ninths。
【注意】1/2常用a half来表示;1/4常用a quarter来表示,如:3/4 three quarters。
(2)分数的用法
“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应由其修饰的名词的单复数来决定。
如:Two thirds of the work has been finished. (谓语动词用单数,与work保持一致)
Three quarters of the workers in the factory are women workers. (谓语动词用复数,与women保持一致)
知识点再现
2. 倍数
(1)倍数的构成:两倍用twice,三倍及三倍以上用基数词+times表示
(2)倍数的三个常用结构:
①倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其他。
如:Our factory is twice as big as theirs.
I have three times as many books as you.
There is four times as much water in this bottle as in that one.
②倍数+形容词(或副词)的比较级+than+其他。
如:The house is five times bigger than ours.
③倍数+the size/height/length/width/…+of+其他。
如:The earth is forty nine times the size of the moon.
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数词导学案
易错点一:数词的用法
[2021百色]Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)still worked in his ________(ninety).
【详解】句意:杂交水稻之父袁隆平九十多岁还在工作。表示“不确切岁数”:结构为“in+one's+整十的复数”。故填nineties.
[2021温州]She attends a school in Ilorin,Nigeria,wearing the same pink dress as two ___________(百)other girls at the school.
【详解】句意:她在尼日利亚伊洛林的一所学校上学,穿着和学校里其他200名女孩一样的粉红色裙子。表示确切的数字时,结构为:具体数字+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数。故填hundred项。
知识点再现
1.表日期
年用基数词,日用序数词。
如:“1985年3月5日”译为:March 5th,1985
2.表时刻
(1)整点一般用“基数词+o'clock”。
如:“5点钟”读作five o'clock
(2)当分钟小于或等于30分时,用介词past,译为“几点过几分”。
如:7:05读作five past seven;7:30 读作half past seven。
(3)当分钟小于或等于30分时,用介词to,译为“差几分到几点”。
如:3:55 读作five to four;8:45读作a quarter to nine。
3.表顺序和编号
由“单数名词+基数词”构成,名词和基数词的首字母通常都大写。如:Grade Nine九年级 Room 55 55号房间
4.表年龄
(1)基数词(+year(s)old):
Her daughter is eighteen(years old).她的女儿18岁。
(2)基数词-year-old(作定语):
a three-year-old boy 一个3岁的小男孩
(3)表示“不确切岁数”:结构为“in+one's+整十的复数”,
如: in his forties 在他40多岁时。
5.表年代
由“in+ the+年代-s”构成,译为“在几世纪几十年代”。
如:in the 1980s在20世纪80年代。
6.表确数与概数
(1)表示确切的数字时,结构为:具体数字+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数。
如:eight hundred dollars 800美元
(2)表示不确切的数字时,结构为:hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of+名词复数。
如:hundreds of成百上千的;thousands of 成千上万的;millions of数百万的;billions of数十亿的。
注意:
1.“基数词+名词+形容词”合成的定语中,名词用单数。
a 10-metre-deep hole 一个10米深的洞
2.another+基数词+名词复数=基数词+more+名词复数。
如:We need another two bananas.=We need two more bananas.
3.基数词与表时间、距离、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时,常被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
Thirty years is quite a long time.
易错点二:序数词的用法
[2021兰州]June is the_______(six) month of a year.
【详解】句意:六月是一年当中第六个月。考查序数词。第六是sixth。
[2021雅安]Mum, David's ___________(第五) birthday is coming.What shall we get for him
【详解】句意:——我最喜欢数字“9”,因为我觉得它代表“长久”。——我也是,所以我选择住在九楼。根据句中floor可知,此处应使用the ninth,the ninth floor表示“第九层楼”。故选D项。
知识点再现
1.表示顺序时,序数词前常加the。
如:the second picture第二幅图 in the 21st century 在21世纪
2.序数词前若有限定词,则不加定冠词the。
如:It is my third time to visit Beijing.
3.序数词前加a/an表示“又一,再一”。
如:I've tried twice,but I'll try a third time.
常考特殊的基数词与序数词的转换:
one→first two→second three→third
five→fifth nine→ninth twelve→twelfth
forty→fortieth eighty-nine→eighty-ninth one hundred→one hundredth
巧学妙记
基变序,有规律,末尾加上-th;一二三,特殊记,面目全非要注意;八加-h,九去-e,-ve要用-f替;以-y结尾变-ie,后跟-th莫忘记;若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。
易错点三:分数及倍数的用法
[2021龙东]____________ of the land is covered with forests.
A. Three quarter B. Three quarters C. Third quarters
【详解】句意: 四分之三的土地被森林覆盖。分数表达法:基数词做分子,序数词做分母,当分子大于一时,分母用复数,1/4常用a quarter来表示,故选B项。
知识点再现
1. 分数
(1)分数的构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母加 s。如:2/3 two thirds;5/9 five ninths。
【注意】1/2常用a half来表示;1/4常用a quarter来表示,如:3/4 three quarters。
(2)分数的用法
“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应由其修饰的名词的单复数来决定。
如:Two thirds of the work has been finished. (谓语动词用单数,与work保持一致)
Three quarters of the workers in the factory are women workers. (谓语动词用复数,与women保持一致)
2. 倍数
(1)倍数的构成:两倍用twice,三倍及三倍以上用基数词+times表示
(2)倍数的三个常用结构:
①倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其他。
如:Our factory is twice as big as theirs.
I have three times as many books as you.
There is four times as much water in this bottle as in that one.
②倍数+形容词(或副词)的比较级+than+其他。
如:The house is five times bigger than ours.
③倍数+the size/height/length/width/…+of+其他。
如:The earth is forty nine times the size of the moon.
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数词专项练习
单项选择
1.(2021天水)—What’s twenty and fifty
—It’s ______.
A.fifty B.seventy C.eighty D.ninety
2.(2021广西)China’s National Day comes in October, the ______ month of the year.
A.eighth B.ninth C.tenth D.eleventh
3.(2021广西梧州)This Saturday is my ______ birthday.
A.fourteen B.fourteenth C.forty D.the fortieth
4.(2021乐山)— Our school is going to hold the ______ Culture Festival.
—I see. And we can take part in the activity again.
A.five B.fifth C.fifths
5.(2021广元)In our school every student has to choose a club to join, so about one ______ students have joined the Sports Club.
A.hundred of B.hundreds of C.hundred D.hundreds
6.(2021营口)He got ______ birthday cakes on his ______ birthday.
A.second;fifteen B.two;fifteen C.second;fifteenth D.two;fifteenth
7.(2021鞍山)—We should try to devote(献身于)ourselves to our country like Yuan Longping.
—I think so. He still worked on the research into agriculture(农业)at the age of ______.
A.eighties B.eightieth C.eighty D.eighty-year-old
8.(2021朝阳)—How many students in your class get to school on foot
—About ______ of them do.
A.three fifths B.two third C.first four D.one seconds
9.(2021玉林)—Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school
—In our school, ______of the teachers ______ women teachers.
A.third fourth; are B.third fourth; is C.three fourths; is D.three fourths; are
10.(2021恩施)My aunt has only one child, and she wants ______ child.
A.the second B.a second C.two
11.(2021丹东)As we all know, the Yellow River is ______ longest river in China.
A.the twice B.the second C.twice D.second
12.(2021郴州)Our Party was founded in 1921. We’ll celebrate her ______ birthday on July 1st this year.
A.one hundred B.one hundredth C.the one hundredth
13.(2021滨州)—China is a great country with a history of about five ______ years.
—Yes. And ______ of foreigners come to visit it every year.
A.thousand; thousand B.thousands; thousands C.thousand; thousands D.thousands; thousand
答案
1-5 BCBBC 6-10 DCADB 11-13 BBC
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