中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
形容词和副词导学案
易错点一：形容词的一般用法
(2021长沙)Alone and ___________ (hunger), he walked on the streets of the city.
【解析】答案 hungry 句意:他孤独而饥饿地走在城市的街道上。形容词alone与hungry为并列关系，在句中做状语。故填impossible。
(2021自贡）When my dad heard about some _________ (use) work, he became a volunteer in a rural area to help check people's information and spread knowledge about COVID-19.
【解析】句意：当我爸爸听说一些有用的工作时，他成为了一名志愿者，在农村地区帮助检查人们的信息，传播关于新冠肺炎的知识。use为动词，其形容词为useful。
知识点再现
结构 位置 例子
形容词+名词 一般位于名词前 bad weather, an important lesson, an 8-year-old boy
形容词+enough 位于enough前 tall enough (修饰名词时：enough water)
不定代词+形容词 位于不定代词后 something wrong, nothing special，anything else
The teacher has something important to tell us.
keep/stay+形容词 位于keep/stay后 We should keep our classroom clean.
度量词组+形容词 位于度量词组后 5 metres deep, 800 kilometres long
连系动词/感官动词+形容词 ① be动词 am/is/are/was/were/be/been
② 五变:turn变(色)，get变(温)，be/become变成，go变(质)，grow(逐渐变得) be/become happy, turn red, get warm, go bad(变质),grow old
③ 五感官：look, sound, taste, smell, feel（眼看，耳听，口尝，鼻闻，手摸） Mary says the fruit in the garden looks attractive and smells sweet. We eat it and it tastes delicious. We feel happy. It sounds wonderful.
系动词+形容词(动词过去分词) get/be married(结婚)，get dressed(自己穿衣)，be lost(迷路)，look worried(看上去很焦虑)
易错点二：常考易混形容词辨析
(2019泰州)—How about the fruit salad
—Yummy! It tastes very . By the way, who made it
A.good B.bad C.well D.badly
【解析】 A 句意:——这水果沙拉怎么样 ——很美味!尝起来很好。顺便问一下,谁做的 本题考查形容词 的用法。根据Yummy可知,这沙拉很美味;taste为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。故选A项。
(2021黄冈)He was ________（surprise）at what he saw and scolded him angrily
【解析】 从句子结构看，be动词(were)后接形容词充当表语；surprise是动词，变为修饰人的形容词时在后面加 ed，表示“感到放松的”，故填surprised。
知识点再现
①alone与lonely
考 点 含义及用法
alone “单独的”，形容词；还可以作副词，意为“单独，独自”
lonely “孤独的”，形容词，带有感彩；还意为“偏远的，人迹罕至的”
②v. ing形容词与v. ed形容词
v. ing形容词 v. ed形容词
surprising令人惊讶的 surprised (人)感到惊讶的
boring令人厌烦的 bored (人)感到厌烦的
interesting有趣的 interested (人)感兴趣的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited (人)感到兴奋的
moving令人感动的 moved (人)感动的
tiring令人疲倦的 tired (人)感到疲倦的
多指事物对人的影响，一般用来描述事物 多指人对事物的感受，一般用来描述人
③good与well
考 点 含义及用法
good 表示“好的”，形容词，可作定语，也可作表语
well 作形容词时，一般只作表语，意为“身体好”；well还可用作副词，意为“好，令人满意地”
④ill与sick
考 点 含义及用法
ill 表示“生病的” 常用作表语
sick 既可作表语，也可作定语
拓展：sick还可以表示“呕吐的；恶心的”；
ill作定语时可以表示“坏的”。
⑤pleased与pleasant
考 点 含义及用法
pleased “高兴的”，主要修饰人，常用作表语
pleasant “令人高兴的”，主要修饰物，常作定语或表语
⑥elder/eldest与older/oldest
elder和eldest只用于指人，表示兄弟姐妹间的长幼排序，不与than连用；作定语时只能用elder/eldest。older和oldest则用于表示年龄大小。
拓展：older可与than连用。eg.
He is older than me.( × )
He is elder than me.( √ )他比我大。
⑦asleep与sleepy
考 点 含义及用法
asleep “睡着的，在睡觉的”，不能作前置定语
sleepy “困的，想睡觉的，打瞌睡的”，可用作前置定语
易错点三：与形容词相关的一些特殊句型
（2020长春） Nowadays it is ________（help）for everyone to learn how to use computers.
【详解】句意：现今，对于每个人来说学习如何使用电脑是有帮助的。此处构成“it is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，所以用help的形容词helpful。故填helpful。
(2020桂林）The plane ticket is too________（昂贵的）to buy.
【详解】句意：机票太贵了买不起。“昂贵的”可用expensive表示，形容词，此处用于“too+adj+to”结构中，故填expensive。
知识点再现
1. It is+形容词 （for/of sb.)+to do sth.
①It is+形容词 （for sb.）+to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”
*（形容词是描写事物特性的词, 如easy, difficult, important等）
It is necessary to tell him about it. It is easy for him to answer such a question.
②It is+形容词 (of sb.)+to do sth.意为“（某人）做某事是……的”
*（形容词是描述人物性格特征的词, 如nice, kind, clever, brave等）
It is very brave of Yang Liwei to fly into space. It is very nice of you to lead the way for us.
2. …find/think/feel/make it+形容词+to do sth.
…find/think/feel/make it+形容词+to do sth.意为“……发现/认为/觉得/使得做某事是……的”
I found it hard to climb up to the top of the mountain.
The machine makes it possible to stay in the deep sea for a long time.
3. too+形容词 (for sb.)+to do sth./ 形容词+enough (for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词+that/such (+形容词)+名词+that
①too+形容词 (for sb.)+to do sth. 意为“太……而不能做某事”
She is too weak to walk farther. The house is too expensive for him to buy.
②形容词+enough (for sb.)+to do sth. 意为“足够……去做某事”
He is not old enough to go to school. The money is not much enough for me to buy this car.
③so+形容词+that 从句, 意为“如此……以至于……”
The song is so popular that everyone can sing it.
He was so lazy that he was fired very soon.
④句型转换（注：三个句型都是使用形容词原级）
He is too young to go to school.→He is not old enough to go to school.→He is so young that he can’t go to school.。
⑤such (+形容词)+名词+that从句 意为“如此……以至于”
It was such a fine day that we went out for a walk. It is such a heavy stone that I can’t lift it up. = The stone is so heavy that I can’t lift it up.
易错点四：形容词短语
（2021滨州）From that time forward, I became___________（ interest ） in the Party.
【解析】 句意：从那时起，我开始对党感兴趣。become interested in 对……感兴趣，所以空格处填interested 。
（2020昆明）The PLA Navy(中国人民解放军海军) has been greatly helping keep world peace. As a Chinese, I am ________ it.
A．responsible for B．proud of C．full of D．known for
【解析】 be responsible for为……负责；be proud of为……自豪；be full of充满；be known for以……出名。根据句意“作为一个中国人，我对此感到自豪”可知，要填“为……自豪”，其他选项语意不通。故选B项。
知识点再现
与in搭配
be interested in 对……感兴趣
与for搭配
be bad for对……有坏处 be good for对……有好处be late for迟到 be ready for为……做准备be thirsty for渴望；渴求 be thankful to 因……而感激某人be sorry for为……感到可惜/抱歉be famous /known/ well known for以……而闻名
与with搭配
be angry with生……的气 be busy with忙于……be born with生来具有…… be filled with充满……be popular with受……欢迎 be patient with对……有耐心be satisfied with对 ……满意 be strict with对……严厉/严格
与at搭配
be amazed at对……感到惊讶 be good at擅长……be mad at对……非常愤怒 be surprised at对……感到惊讶
与of搭配
be fond of 爱好，喜欢 be afraid of害怕……be proud of为……而感到自豪 be short of短缺……be tired of厌烦…… be full of充满……
与about搭配
be anxious about对……担忧 be crazy about对……疯狂/着迷be excited about因……而激动 be worried about为……担心be careful about 小心 be curious about对……好奇be certain/sure about对……有把握
与to搭配
be used to 习惯于…… be friendly to 对……友好be close to 接近；靠近 be good to 对……好be kind to 对……和蔼 be polite to 对……有礼貌be related to 与……有关 be rude to 对……粗鲁be similar to 与……相似 be useful to 对……有用be harmful to 对……有害
易错点五：副词的一般用法
(2021呼伦贝尔)My mother always tells my father to drive more______________(careful) at night.
【解析】 “drive”为动词，意为“驾驶”，故空格应填副词修饰动词，故填carefully。
（2021黔东南）Mary doesn't _______(real) care if her friends are the same or different.
【解析】句意：玛丽并不真正关心她的朋友是相同还是不同。care为动词，应副词修饰，故填really。
知识点再现
1.副词常用来修饰行为动词、形容词和副词
用法 例子
行为动词+方式副词 do well, do badly, drive carefully, move quickly
程度副词+形容词 very good, really bad, too quiet
程度副词+方式副词 very well, really badly, too loudly
位置 例子
方式副词修饰不及物动词, 通常放在被修饰的动词后面； 修饰及物动词时, 一般放在宾语后面 She listens carefully in class.
He speaks French very fluently.
及物动词+副词 ①及物动词+副词+名词=及物动词+名词+副词 move away the box = move the box away
②及物动词+代词+副词（代词要放中间） write it down, throw them away, turn it up
易错点六：常考易混副词辨析
(2020·牡丹江)I often watch TV, but I like to listen to the radio.
A．some time B．some times C．sometime D．sometimes
【解析】 句意：我经常看电视，但有时我喜欢听收音机。根据句意可知，空格处应用频率副词，sometimes意为“有时候”，故选D。
知识点再现
(1)sometime、 sometimes、 some time与some times
考 点 含义及用法
sometime “某一时间”，可指将来，也可指过去
sometimes “有时，不时”，常用于描述现在或过去常发生的情况
some time “一段时间”，time是不可数名词
some times “几次，几倍”，time在此是可数名词，意为“次，倍”
(2)ago与before
考 点 含义及用法
ago 指以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用
before 指以过去或将来的某时刻为基准的“以前”，常和完成时连用，可单独使用
(3)hard与hardly
考 点 含义及用法
hard “努力地，剧烈地，猛烈地”，是程度副词；作形容词时，意为“困难的”
hardly “几乎不”，也是程度副词，但表示否定意义
(4)already、 yet与still
考 点 含义及用法
already 通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，有时用于疑问句中表示惊讶、怀疑等语气
yet 一般用在疑问句或否定句中。在疑问句中意为“已经”，在否定句中意为“还”，通常放在句末
still “仍然，还”，表示原先的情况未变，在说话时仍在继续，可用于各种句式(肯定、否定、疑问)
(5)much too、 too much与too many
考 点 含义及用法
much too “太，非常”，修饰形容词或副词。much修饰 too，中心词是too
too much “太多”，修饰不可数名词
too many “太多”，修饰可数名词复数
(6)so与such
考 点 含义及用法
so “如此，这样”，常修饰形容词或副词；名词前有many、 much、 few、 little等表示数量多少的词修饰时，应用so；常用结构为“so＋形容词(＋a/an＋可数名词单数)”
such “如此，这样”，修饰名词；若遇到不定冠词a/an时，要放在冠词之前，常用结构为“such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数”；也可用于“such＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中
(7)also、 too与either
考 点 含义及用法
also “也”，正式用语，常放在句中，位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前
too “也”，多用于口语，一般用于肯定句，置于句末，前面常有逗号与其他成分隔开。还可作程度副词，意为“太”。too的固定结构：can't be too＋adj.“太……也不为过”， too…to… “太……而不能……”
either “也”，用于否定句，其位置固定在句末
易错点七：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
(2021兰州)Peter is much ________（tall） than he used to be.
【解析】A+much/even/a little+比较级+than+B，故填taller。
(2021呼伦贝尔)—You have made great progress on your study.
—Thank you. I believe you work, the better grades you will get.
A. the worse B. the harder C. the more careless D. the more careful
【解析】 the+比较级,the+比较级，表示“越……, 就越……”故选B。
知识点再现
1. 使用原级的句型（as…as, not as/so…as, very, so, too, enough, quite）
句型 含义 例子
①A+as+原级+as+B 表示“A与B一样……” She studies as hard as Lisa.
（副词原级）
②A+not as/so+原级+as+B 表示“A不及/不如B……” She doesn’t study so hard as Lisa.
③倍数+as+原级+as 表示倍数 This tree is three times as tall as that one.（形容词原级）
④有表示程度的副词very，so，too，enough，quite等修饰时 很，十分，非常，足够地 The boy is too young.
2. 使用比较级的句型（than, much/even/a little, less, more and more, than any other）
句型 含义 例子
①A+比较级+than+B 表示“A比B更……” My room is bigger than yours.
②A+much/even/a little+比较级+than+B 表示“A比B……得多” Our classroom is much cleaner than theirs.
③A+less+原级+than+B 表示“A不及/不如B……” The film was less funny than that one.
④比较级+and+比较级（单音节形容词）
more and more+原级（多音节形容词） 表示“越来越……” It is getting hotter and hotter.
She is becoming more and more popular.
He runs faster and faster.
⑤the+比较级,the+比较级 表示“越……, 就越……” The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. The harder you study, the better grades you will get.
⑥比较级+than any other+单数名词(表最高级) 表示“比其他任何的……都……” Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class.
3. 使用最高级的句型（the+最高级+of/in/among，one of the+最高级）
句型 含义 例子
①the+最高级+of/in/among 表示三者或以上的比较 He is the tallest boy in our class.
Miller jumps (the) highest among the three students.
②one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数 表示“最……之一” Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.
③the+序数词+最高级+名词单数 表示“第几……的……” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
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形容词和副词专项练习
单项选择
1．（2021绥化）When the rainstorm came, it began to rain ______ and the wind blew strongly.
A．hard B．hardly C．heavy
2．（2021云南）—I think it is a good way to study English by watching English movies.
—I agree. I find it _____ to improve my listening.
A．harmful B．thankful C．careful D．helpful
3．（2021黔东南）— I always feel ______ when speaking in front of others.
— Take it easy and be brave.
A．surprised B．nervous C．interested D．different
4．（2021襄阳）—I think Miss Wang is the most ______ teacher in our school.
—That’s true. She never gets angry with her students.
A．patient B．beautiful C．interesting D．important
5．（2021江西）Sue works _____, so she never seems to make mistakes.
A．late B．alone C．happily D．carefully
6．（2021益阳）Although the Yangtze is the longest river in China, it is ______ than the Nile, the longest river in the world.
A．short B．shorter C．the shortest
7．（2021临沂）You and I are lucky as we’ve ______ had to worry about finding clean water.
A．often B．usually C．never
8．（2021贵港）—Is your father strict with you
—Yes. He takes my grades as ______ as my teachers do.
A．serious B．more serious C．seriously D．more seriously
9．（2021苏州）Peter has _____ memory and often forgets the names of people around him.
A．long B．good C．rich D．poor
10．（2021武汉）— Does the store have good fame
— Yes, the prices here are always very fair. The owner just wants to make a(an) _____ living.
A．honest B．healthy C．relaxing D．exciting
11．（2021贵港）—So many people are talking and laughing loudly on the subway.
—Yes. It is too ______. I can’t stand it.
A．lovely B．funny C．happy D．noisy
12．（2021广西）Open the window and have some ______ air in, too much smoke in the room.
A．thin B．hot C．dirty D．fresh
13．（2021梧州）The price of this piano is a little ______. I can’t afford it.
A．cheap B．expensive C．low D．high
14．（2021营口）The ______ news made him ______. He didn’t fall asleep until midnight.
A．excited; excited B．exciting; exciting C．exciting; excited D．excited; exciting
15．（2021辽宁）Our teacher often warns us it’s ______ to leave much personal information on the Internet.
A．interesting B．exciting C．difficult D．dangerous
16．（2021盐城）No one is _____. The key is to learn from mistakes and never stop.
A．careful B．generous C．famous D．perfect
17．（2021辽宁）—You are going to get much exercise. Are you ______ that
—Of course. I promise to keep it.
A．proud of B．thirsty for C．sure about D．interested in
18．（2021泸州）—Fishing is one of _____ activities among many people.
—Yes. But now it’s not allowed to fish in the Yangtze River as well as other rivers.
A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular
19．（2021新疆）— Do you know that Tom is one of ______ students in his class
— Yes, I do. He’s as ______ as my brother.
A．the tallest；taller B．tallest；taller C．the tallest；tall D．tallest；tall
20．（2021东营）Life isn't always perfect, but it's up to you to make your life ______.
A．better B．richer C．easier D．busier
21．（2021重庆）High-speed trains are much _____ than traditional ones.
A．fast B．faster C．slow D．slower
22．（2021黄石）Dr. Yuan Longping had a dream that he could develop rice as ______ as peanuts (花生).
A．large B．largest C．larger D．the largest
23．（2021黄冈）— Who is the girl dancing on the stage
— Oh, she’s my friend Maria. She dances ______ than before.
A．well B．much better C．best D．the best
答案
Ⅰ. 1-5 ADBAD 6-10 BCCDA 11-15 DDDCB 16-20 DCDCA 21-23 BAB
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易错点归纳与突破
--形容词和副词
2022中考英语
形容词的一般用法
【解析】答案 hungry 句意:他孤独而饥饿地走在城市的街道上。形容词alone与hungry为并列关系，在句中做状语。故填impossible。
(2021长沙)Alone and ___________ (hunger), he walked on the streets of the city.
易错点一
【解析】句意：当我爸爸听说一些有用的工作时，他成为了一名志愿者，在农村地区帮助检查人们的信息，传播关于新冠肺炎的知识。use为动词，其形容词为useful。
(2021自贡）When my dad heard about some _________ (use) work, he became a volunteer in a rural area to help check people's information and spread knowledge about COVID-19.
结构 位置 例子
形容词+名词 一般位于名词前 bad weather, an important lesson, an 8-year-old boy
形容词+enough 位于enough前 tall enough (修饰名词时：enough water)
不定代词+形容词 位于不定代词后 something wrong, nothing special，anything else
The teacher has something important to tell us.
keep/stay+形容词 位于keep/stay后 We should keep our classroom clean.
度量词组+形容词 位于度量词组后 5 metres deep, 800 kilometres long
知识点再现
连系动词/感官动词+形容词 ① be动词 am/is/are/was/were/be/been
② 五变:turn变(色)，get变(温)，be/become变成，go变(质)，grow(逐渐变得) be/become happy, turn red, get warm, go bad(变质),grow old
③ 五感官：look, sound, taste, smell, feel（眼看，耳听，口尝，鼻闻，手摸） Mary says the fruit in the garden looks attractive and smells sweet. We eat it and it tastes delicious. We feel happy. It sounds wonderful.
系动词+形容词(动词过去分词) get/be married(结婚)，get dressed(自己穿衣)，be lost(迷路)，look worried(看上去很焦虑) 常考易混形容词辨析
(2019泰州)—How about the fruit salad
—Yummy! It tastes very . By the way, who made it
A.good B.bad C.well D.badly
【解析】 A 句意:——这水果沙拉怎么样 ——很美味!尝起来很好。顺便问一下,谁做的 本题考查形容词 的用法。根据Yummy可知,这沙拉很美味;taste为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。故选A项。
易错点二
(2021黄冈)He was ________（surprise）at what he saw and scolded him angrily
【解析】 从句子结构看，be动词(were)后接形容词充当表语；surprise是动词，变为修饰人的形容词时在后面加 ed，表示“感到放松的”，故填surprised。
考 点 含义及用法
alone “单独的”，形容词；还可以作副词，意为“单独，独自”
lonely “孤独的”，形容词，带有感彩；还意为“偏远的，人迹罕至的”
①alone与lonely
知识点再现
v. ing形容词 v. ed形容词
surprising令人惊讶的 surprised (人)感到惊讶的
boring令人厌烦的 bored (人)感到厌烦的
interesting有趣的 interested (人)感兴趣的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited (人)感到兴奋的
moving令人感动的 moved (人)感动的
tiring令人疲倦的 tired (人)感到疲倦的
多指事物对人的影响，一般用来描述事物 多指人对事物的感受，一般用来描述人
②v. ing形容词与v. ed形容词
考 点 含义及用法
good 表示“好的”，形容词，可作定语，也可作表语
well 作形容词时，一般只作表语，意为“身体好”；well还可用作副词，意为“好，令人满意地”
③good与well
考 点 含义及用法 ill 表示“生病的” 常用作表语
sick 既可作表语，也可作定语
④ill与sick
拓展：sick还可以表示“呕吐的；恶心的”；
ill作定语时可以表示“坏的”。
考 点 含义及用法
pleased “高兴的”，主要修饰人，常用作表语
pleasant “令人高兴的”，主要修饰物，常作定语或表语
⑤pleased与pleasant
拓展：older可与than连用。eg.
He is older than me.( )
He is elder than me.( )他比我大。
×
√
⑥elder/eldest与older/oldest
elder和eldest只用于指人，表示兄弟姐妹间的长幼排序，不与than连用；作定语时只能用elder/eldest。older和oldest则用于表示年龄大小。
考 点 含义及用法
asleep “睡着的，在睡觉的”，不能作前置定语
sleepy “困的，想睡觉的，打瞌睡的”，可用作前置定语
⑦asleep与sleepy
与形容词相关的一些特殊句型
（2020长春） Nowadays it is ________（help）for everyone to learn how to use computers.
【详解】句意：现今，对于每个人来说学习如何使用电脑是有帮助的。此处构成“it is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，所以用help的形容词helpful。故填helpful。
易错点三
(2020桂林）The plane ticket is too________（昂贵的）to buy.
【详解】句意：机票太贵了买不起。“昂贵的”可用expensive表示，形容词，此处用于“too+adj+to”结构中，故填expensive。
1. It is+形容词 （for/of sb.)+to do sth.
①It is+形容词 （for sb.）+to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”
*（形容词是描写事物特性的词, 如easy, difficult, important等）
It is necessary to tell him about it.
It is easy for him to answer such a question.
②It is+形容词 (of sb.)+to do sth.意为“（某人）做某事是……的”
*（形容词是描述人物性格特征的词, 如nice, kind, clever, brave等）
It is very brave of Yang Liwei to fly into space.
It is very nice of you to lead the way for us.
知识点再现
2. …find/think/feel/make it+形容词+to do sth.
…find/think/feel/make it+形容词+to do sth.意为“……发现/认为/觉得/使得做某事是……的”
I found it hard to climb up to the top of the mountain.
The machine makes it possible to stay in the deep sea for a long time.
3. too+形容词 (for sb.)+to do sth./ 形容词+enough (for sb.)+to do sth./so+形容词+that/such (+形容词)+名词+that
①too+形容词 (for sb.)+to do sth. 意为“太……而不能做某事”
She is too weak to walk farther.
The house is too expensive for him to buy.
②形容词+enough (for sb.)+to do sth. 意为“足够……去做某事”
He is not old enough to go to school.
The money is not much enough for me to buy this car.
③so+形容词+that 从句, 意为“如此……以至于……”
The song is so popular that everyone can sing it.
He was so lazy that he was fired very soon.
④句型转换（注：三个句型都是使用形容词原级）
He is too young to go to school.→He is not old enough to go to school.→He is so young that he can’t go to school.。
⑤such (+形容词)+名词+that从句 意为“如此……以至于”
It was such a fine day that we went out for a walk.
It is such a heavy stone that I can’t lift it up.
= The stone is so heavy that I can’t lift it up.
形容词短语
（2021滨州）From that time forward, I became___________（ interest ） in the Party.
【解析】 句意：从那时起，我开始对党感兴趣。become interested in 对……感兴趣，所以空格处填interested 。
易错点四
（2020昆明）The PLA Navy(中国人民解放军海军) has been greatly helping keep world peace. As a Chinese, I am ________ it.
A．responsible for B．proud of C．full of D．known for
【解析】 be responsible for为……负责；be proud of为……自豪；be full of充满；be known for以……出名。根据句意“作为一个中国人，我对此感到自豪”可知，要填“为……自豪”，其他选项语意不通。故选B项。
与in搭配
be interested in 对……感兴趣
与for搭配
be bad for对……有坏处 be good for对……有好处
be late for迟到 be ready for为……做准备
be thirsty for渴望；渴求 be thankful to 因……而感激某人
be sorry for为……感到可惜/抱歉
be famous /known/ well known for以……而闻名
知识点再现
与with搭配
be angry with生……的气 be busy with忙于……
be born with生来具有…… be filled with充满……
be popular with受……欢迎 be patient with对……有耐心
be satisfied with对 ……满意 be strict with对……严厉/严格
与at搭配
be amazed at对……感到惊讶 be good at擅长……
be mad at对……非常愤怒 be surprised at对……感到惊讶
与of搭配
be fond of 爱好，喜欢 be afraid of害怕……
be proud of为……而感到自豪 be short of短缺……
be tired of厌烦…… be full of充满……
与about搭配
be anxious about对……担忧 be crazy about对……疯狂/着迷
be excited about因……而激动 be worried about为……担心
be careful about 小心 be curious about对……好奇
be certain/sure about对……有把握
与to搭配
be used to 习惯于…… be friendly to 对……友好
be close to 接近；靠近 be good to 对……好
be kind to 对……和蔼 be polite to 对……有礼貌
be related to 与……有关 be rude to 对……粗鲁
be similar to 与……相似 be useful to 对……有用
be harmful to 对……有害
副词的一般用法
(2021呼伦贝尔)My mother always tells my father to drive more______________(careful) at night.
【解析】 “drive”为动词，意为“驾驶”，故空格应填副词修饰动词，故填carefully。
易错点五
（2021黔东南）Mary doesn't _______(real) care if her friends are the same or different.
【解析】句意：玛丽并不真正关心她的朋友是相同还是不同。care为动词，应副词修饰，故填really。
1.副词常用来修饰行为动词、形容词和副词
用法 例子
行为动词+方式副词 do well, do badly, drive carefully, move quickly
程度副词+形容词 very good, really bad, too quiet
程度副词+方式副词 very well, really badly, too loudly
知识点再现
位置 例子
方式副词修饰不及物动词, 通常放在被修饰的动词后面； 修饰及物动词时, 一般放在宾语后面 She listens carefully in class.
He speaks French very fluently.
及物动词+副词 ①及物动词+副词+名词=及物动词+名词+副词 move away the box = move the box away
②及物动词+代词+副词（代词要放中间） write it down, throw them away, turn it up
常考易混副词辨析
(2020·牡丹江)I often watch TV, but I like to listen to the radio.
A．some time B．some times C．sometime D．sometimes
【解析】 句意：我经常看电视，但有时我喜欢听收音机。根据句意可知，空格处应用频率副词，sometimes意为“有时候”，故选D。
易错点六
考 点 含义及用法
sometime “某一时间”，可指将来，也可指过去
sometimes “有时，不时”，常用于描述现在或过去常发生的情况
some time “一段时间”，time是不可数名词
some times “几次，几倍”，time在此是可数名词，意为“次，倍”
(1)sometime、 sometimes、 some time与some times
知识点再现
考 点 含义及用法
ago 指以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用
before 指以过去或将来的某时刻为基准的“以前”，常和完成时连用，可单独使用
(2)ago与before
考 点 含义及用法
hard “努力地，剧烈地，猛烈地”，是程度副词；作形容词时，意为“困难的”
hardly “几乎不”，也是程度副词，但表示否定意义
(3)hard与hardly
考 点 含义及用法
already 通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，有时用于疑问句中表示惊讶、怀疑等语气
yet 一般用在疑问句或否定句中。在疑问句中意为“已经”，在否定句中意为“还”，通常放在句末
still “仍然，还”，表示原先的情况未变，在说话时仍在继续，可用于各种句式(肯定、否定、疑问)
(4)already、 yet与still
考 点 含义及用法
much too “太，非常”，修饰形容词或副词。much修饰 too，中心词是too
too much “太多”，修饰不可数名词
too many “太多”，修饰可数名词复数
(5)much too、 too much与too many
考 点 含义及用法
so “如此，这样”，常修饰形容词或副词；名词前有many、 much、 few、 little等表示数量多少的词修饰时，应用so；常用结构为“so＋形容词(＋a/an＋可数名词单数)”
such “如此，这样”，修饰名词；若遇到不定冠词a/an时，要放在冠词之前，常用结构为“such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数”；也可用于“such＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中
(6)so与such
考 点 含义及用法
also “也”，正式用语，常放在句中，位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前
too “也”，多用于口语，一般用于肯定句，置于句末，前面常有逗号与其他成分隔开。还可作程度副词，意为“太”。
too的固定结构：can't be too＋adj.“太……也不为过”， too…to… “太……而不能……”
either “也”，用于否定句，其位置固定在句末
(7)also、 too与either
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
(2021兰州)Peter is much ________（tall） than he used to be.
【解析】A+much/even/a little+比较级+than+B，故填taller。
易错点七
(2021呼伦贝尔)—You have made great progress on your study.
—Thank you. I believe you work, the better grades you will get.
A. the worse B. the harder
C. the more careless D. the more careful
【解析】 the+比较级,the+比较级，表示“越……, 就越……”
故选B。
1. 使用原级的句型（as…as, not as/so…as, very, so, too, enough, quite）
句型 含义 例子
①A+as+原级+as+B 表示“A与B一样……” She studies as hard as Lisa.
（副词原级）
②A+not as/so+原级+as+B 表示“A不及/不如B……” She doesn’t study so hard as Lisa.
③倍数+as+原级+as 表示倍数 This tree is three times as tall as that one.（形容词原级）
④有表示程度的副词very，so，too，enough，quite等修饰时 很，十分，非常，足够地 The boy is too young.
知识点再现
2. 使用比较级的句型（than, much/even/a little, less, more and more, than any other）
句型 含义 例子
①A+比较级+than+B 表示“A比B更……” My room is bigger than yours.
②A+much/even/a little+比较级+than+B 表示“A比B……得多” Our classroom is much cleaner than theirs.
③A+less+原级+than+B 表示“A不及/不如B……” The film was less funny than that one.
句型 含义 例子
④比较级+and+比较级（单音节形容词）
more and more+原级（多音节形容词） 表示“越来越……” It is getting hotter and hotter.
She is becoming more and more popular.
He runs faster and faster.
⑤the+比较级,the+比较级 表示“越……, 就越……” The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
The harder you study, the better grades you will get.
⑥比较级+than any other+单数名词(表最高级) 表示“比其他任何的……都……” Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class.
3. 使用最高级的句型（the+最高级+of/in/among，one of the+最高级）
句型 含义 例子
①the+最高级+of/in/among 表示三者或以上的比较 He is the tallest boy in our class.
Miller jumps (the) highest among the three students.
②one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数 表示“最……之一” Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.
③the+序数词+最高级+名词单数 表示“第几……的……” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
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