2022年中考英语——定语从句的详解及练习（含答案）

定语从句的详解及练习
引导词如何确定
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that； 关系副词有where, when, why。它们都在定语从句中担任句子成分。现分述如下：
定语从句如果修饰人，常常用关系代词who，有时也用that(作主语时多用who)。
例如： He is a man who / that often helps others. 他是一位经常帮助别人的人。
如果这个关系代词在从句中作宾语， 就应当用whom或that， 但这种情况往往都可以把引导词省略，且在口语中可用who代替whom。
例如： Here is the man (whom / that / who) you would like to see. 这就是你想见的那个人。
如果是在介词的后面就只能用whom。
例如：he boy to whom I spoke is my brother. 刚才和我说话的那个男孩是我弟弟。
如果表示“……的”时，就用who的所有格whose。
例如：Is there anyone in our class whose father is a doctor 我们班有谁的父亲是当医生的吗？
whose的先行词也可是物。例如： The house whose windows face the street is my uncle‘s.
窗户面朝街的那座房子是我叔叔的。
定语从句如果修饰“物”，用关系代词that的时候较多，有时也用which。
例如：It‘s a computer which / that costs six thousand yuan. 这是一台价值六千元的电脑。
当这个代词在从句中用作宾语时，往往都会把它省略。
例如： The present(that / which) you gave me is very beautiful. 你给我的那件礼物非常漂亮。
　在介词的后面只能用which。
例如：This is the book about which they are talking. 这就是他们正在谈论的那本书。
定语从句修饰一个表示时间的词时，用关系副词when。
例如： I will never forget the day when I met her. 我将永远不会忘记我见到她的那一天。
定语从句修饰地点名词时，用关系副词where。
例如：This is the place where we lived for five years. 这就是我们曾经住过五年的地方。
定语从句修饰一个表示原因的词时，用关系副词why。
例如：I know the reason why she didn‘t come yesterday. 我知道她昨天没来的原因。
注意：一定的特定境况下只能用that,不能用which的情况：?
(1)先行词为all,little,much,everything，anything，nothing 等不定代词时；?
(2)先行词被the only,序数词，形容词最高级所修饰时；?
(3)先行词为数词时
练习
1. A friend is someone ___ says, “What! You too I thought I was the only one!”
A.who B.which C.what D.whose
2. —Linda, can you tell me something about Mo Yan
—Sure. He is the writer ______ won the Nobel Literature Prize.
A.which B.whose C.who D.whom
3. A Wechat (微信) is an invention __can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
A.which B.who C.whose D/
4. I still remember the college and the teachers ____ I visited in London years ago.
A.what B.who C.that D.which
5. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ___ his family lived ten years ago.
A.when B.which C.where D.that
6. I like the cartoon ______ has a happy ending and makes me ______.
A.which;to laugh B.that;to laugh C.whose;laughing D.which;laugh
7. —What kind of music do you like
—I like music __ I can dance to.
A.because B.when C.who D.that
8. —Look! That is the woman __ I met yesterday.
—Oh She’s my aunt.
A.what B.who C.where D.when
9. Most students like the teachers ______ understand them well.
A.which B.who C.where D.when
10. Most of my classmates prefer loud music __ they can dance to.
A.that B.who C.whose D.where
11. Being blind is something ____ most people can’t imagine.
A.who B.what C.that D.whom
12. People are talking about the old houses ___ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.
A.which B.where C.who D.when
13. —Do you know Mo Yan —Of course. He is the famous writer ____ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.
A.who B.whom C.which D.what
14. A graduation ceremony is a custom ___ takes place ___ students graduate from a school.
which; when B. that; who C. which; whose D. that; which
15. —Do you know the man ______ is standing at the door
—Yes, I do. He’s a friend of ______.
A.when;I B.who;mine C.that;me D.which;my
16. She is the girl ___ invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A.who B.that C.which D.whose
17. I’ll remember the old buildings ____ I visited in the village.
A.where B.which C.who D.what
18. The young lady ___ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A.who B.whom C.which D.whose
19. The movie _____we saw last night was fantastic.
A.that B.what C.whose D.Who
20. —Do you know of Guo Mingyi
—Yes. He is an ordinary (普通的) worker ____ helps many poor children in China. We should follow his example.
A.that B.which C.whom D.whose
21. I love the school ______ I have studied in for three years.
A.where B.when C.that D.what
22. The Palace Museum is the best place ____ I’ve ever visited.
A.that B.which C.where D.what
23. Teenagers like reading the books ____ are written by Guo Jingjing.
A.who B.what C.whose D.that
24. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ______ has new furniture in it.
A.who B.where C.that D.when
25. The man ______ is talking to our teacher is Betty’s father.
A.which B.whom C.who D.what
26.The necklace ___ you gave me for my birthday.
A.who B.where C.which D.what?
27.Polly was the thief ____stole Mum's necklace.
A.who B.where C.which D.what?
28.The one ______ he gave me is black.
A.who B.that C.which D.what?
29. The one _________ one a thousand dollars turned out to be false.
A.which cost B.which spend C.that cost D.that spend
30. This is the first article ________he has written in English.
A.which B.that C.who D.what
31. This is the most interesting story _____ I have heard of.
A.which B.that C.who D.what?
32.There is nothing _________ I can do.
A.that B.which C.who D.what
33.Do you know the man ______ is wearing glasses
A.who B.which C.what D.where
34.The boy ______ is playing football is my brother.
A.which B.who C.what D.where
35.I'll never forget the day ______ I first met her.
A.what B.who C.which D.when
36. This is the job ______they laughed at.
A.which B.as C.it D.who
37. Beihai Park is a beautiful park____built about 300 years ago.
A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where
38. Who was the grey-haired man ______at yesterday’s meeting
A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen
39. The man ______is painting the house is my uncle.
A.he B.whom C.whose D.who
40. What is the animal ______baby is sleeping in its pocket
A.who B.whose C.its D.which
41.This book is for the students ______native language isn’t English.
A.that B.of whom C.whose D.who’s
42. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!I’ll shoot anyone ______moves!”
A.whom B.that C.who D.whose
43.The dictionary_____he paid 50 yuan for is very useful.
A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which
44.The boy_____parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.
A.whose B.who C.his D./
45.The man_______ is smoking is a bus driver.
A. whom B.who C. which D. what
46.Mr Green is only one of those foreigners _________is working in China.
A.that B.which C.whom D.whose
47.My necklace is not the only thing ________is missing.
A.which B.that C.what D.where
48.I hate people ________ talked much but do______.
A.who，few B.that，few C.which，little D.who，little
49.I'll shoot anyone _________ moves.
A.which B.when C.where D.who
50.I don't know the reason_____he was late this morning.
A.what B.when C.why D.who
Ⅱ.句型转换?
1.Do you know the man The man is picking up the waste paper.(改为含有定语从句的句子)
Do you know the man ______ _______up the waste paper.
2.I like books.The books are written by Charles Dickens. (改为含有定语从句的句子)
I like books _______ ______written by Charles Dickens.?
3.I want to make friends with the people are kind to old people.(改为含有定语从句的句子)?
I want to make friends with people _____ _____ ______to old people.?
4.The novel is very instructive.I read it yesterday.(合并为一句)
The novel _______I _______yesterday is very instructive
5.The girl is very beautiful. The girl is wearing red skirt. (合并为一句)?
The girl _____ ___ ________red skirt is very beautiful.?
6.Li Lei is the Young Pioneer. He helped the old man find his home.(合并为一句)?
Li Lei is the Young Pioneer ______ _____the old man find his home.?
7.Do you like the animal The animal looks like a big house.(合并为一句)?
Do you like the animal _________ ______like a big house.
8.China is a great country that has a long history.(改为同义句)
China is a great country______ a long history.?
9.The girl in red hat is my sister.(改为同义句)?
The girl______ ____ ______red hat is my sister.?
10.It's a pretty city that doesn't have any motobikes. (改为同义句)?
It's a pretty city ________ ________motobikes.
答案
1-5 ACACC 6-10 DDBBA 11-15 CAAAB 16-20 DBAAA 21-25 CADCC
26-30 C A B C B 31-35 B A A B D 36-40 A C B D B 41-45.C A A A B
46-50A B D D C
1.who's picking 2.which are 3.who are kind
4.which…read 5.who is wearing 6.who helped
7.Which …looks 8.with 9.who is wearing
10.without … any