北师大版高中英语选修7 Unit21 Human Biology-Grammar虚拟语气课件（26张PPT）

(共26张PPT)
虚拟语气
If I were a boy even just for a day
I'd roll outta bed in the morning
And throw on what I wanted and go
Drink beer with the guys
And chase after girls
I'd kick it with who I wanted
And I'd never get confronted for it
'Cause they'd stick up for me
If I were a boy
I think I could understand
……
虚拟语气
A
If条件句中
B
宾语从句中
C
同位语从句中
D
表语从句中
E
特殊短语中
注意事项
F
虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，后一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有一下几种：
（1）if条件句中
虚拟语气用于if条件句中，主从句的谓语动词的相应形式参见下表
例句：
如果上天再给我一次机会，我会对那个女孩说三个字。
If the God gave me another chance, I would say three words to that girl.
连接词 条件从句 结果从句
If 动词过去式（或were） should
would+动词原形
could
might
与现在事实相反
例如：If John had time, he would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.
练习：
①If you _____ (be)in my place, you would do the same.
②If there were more room, they _________ (can put) the piano in.
③If the earth _____ (stop) turning suddenly, what __________ (happen) then.
were
could put
stopped
would happen
连接词 条件从句 结果从句
If 1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to + 动词原形 should
would + 动词原形
could
might
与将来事实相反
例如：If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.
练习：
If your father __________ (know) this, he would be angry.
If it __________ (rain) tomorrow, the sport meeting ____________.(put off)
should know/knew/were to know
should rain
would put off
连接词 条件从句 结果从句
If had+过去分词 should
would + have+ 过去分词
could
might
与过去事实相反
例如：If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.
练习：
If the supermarket had not been far away,...
①I __________________ (walk) there;
②mother________________(buy) some milk on her way home;
③he_____________________(spend) less time on the way.
would have walked
could have bought
might have spent
主/从句 时间 条件从句 主句
过去 had+过去分词 would (should/could/might) have + 过去分词
现在 过去式(be用were) would (should/could/might)
+动词原形
将来 过去式/should/ were to+动词原形 would (should/could/might)
+动词原形
. If I _____ you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster.
A. be B. was C. were D. am
(2).I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they ______ speak with French accents.
A. don’t B. will not C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t
(3). I would have gone to the concert, if I _____ time.
A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had
C
D
A
【知识梳理2】
如果条件句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have，有时可以把if省略掉，但这时要把助动词、情态动词、动词be或have放在主语前。

【例题精讲】
________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.[天津高考题]
A. Did he catch B. should be catch
C. has he caught D. Had he caught
①If she had more money, she would dress fashionably.
→ ___________________, she would dress fashionably.
②If you had been here earlier, you would have seen him.
→ ___________________, you would have seen him.
③If there should be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.
→ ___________________, I would come.
Had she more money
Had you been here earlier
Should there be a meeting tomorrow
【知识梳理3】
虚拟语气用于错综时间条件句中，主从句动作发生的时间不一致，这时主从句动词的形式应根据句意或时间来调整，选用适当的虚拟形式。

例句：
如果Alice那时不做出 牲的话，人类现在可能已经灭绝了。
If Alice hadn’t make a sacrifice at that time, human beings would be extinct now.
1. If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.
If I were you, I would have gone home.
2. If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
3. If you had rained last night, it would be very cold today.
4. If you had listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.
（2）在宾语从句中
【知识梳理】
在表示一“坚持”(insist)，二“命令”(order，command)，三“建议”(suggest，propose，advise)，四“要求”(ask，require，request，demand)等动词的宾语从句中表示虚拟，其从句谓语用“(should)十动词原形”。
注意事项：
1)在这些从句中，通常不省略that。
2) suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，insist作“坚持认为”讲时，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
一坚持(insist)
二命令(order, command)
从句should来听命
三建议(suggest, advise, recommend
四要求(require, request, ask, demand)
“认为暗示”请放走
【例题精讲】
1. My uncle suggested that I a job in a bank.
got B. would C. should get D. must get
2. They insisted that a meeting as soon as possible.
A. be held B. was held C. must be held D. hold
建议
坚持要求
（3,4）在名词性从句中
【知识梳理】
在表示建议、要求、命令、遗憾、主张、怀疑、惊奇等词的同位语从句中和表语从句中，从句谓语用“should+动词原形”。

【例题精讲】
It is essential that every child the same educational opportunities.
A. has B. could have C. have D. had
（5）在其他结构中的应用
【知识梳理1】
had done 表过去
did/ were 表现在
wish that were doing 表现在正在进行
were to/ should/ could/ might/ would +do
表将来
【例题精讲】
2. I wish I _____ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. [北京高考题]
A. will be B. would be C. have been D. had been
3. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I _______ as well as her. [陕西高考题]
A. dance B. will dance C. had danced D. danced
（5）在其他结构中的应用
【知识梳理2】
had done表过
as if/though did/ were表现在。
were doing表现在进行。
were to/could/ would/ might/ should+ v.
从句有时用陈述语气，表示有根据的推测。
【例题精讲】
他好像是夏雨的儿子。
He looks as if he was the son of Xia Yu.
Would rather
Prefer
sooner
were/did
将来
had done
过去
【知识梳理3】
【巩固练习】
1. I'd rather you_________ that.
A. don't B. won't do C. hadn't done D. haven't done
2. I'd rather my son_______ to university right now.
A. go B. went C. will go D. goes
虚拟语气很好记
If表格要牢记
宗旨时态要前移
时间语境要搞定
1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。