外研（新标准）版八年级下册Module 2 课后小练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．
Empress Wu was the first and the only female monarch in （古代的）China.
2．
Has she ever entered a （竞赛）
3．
The Eiffel Tower is in F .
4．
The younger students in Australia can s their homework to their teachers by fax at home.
5．
The man won the first （奖）in yesterday's English Speech Contest.
二、语法填空
6．语法填空
Now more than 20 schools in the northwest China are using E-textbooks. Some
teachers say that they make learning easier and (teach)more convenient.
Jing Xuan is (excite)about lessons like Chinese，English and math. She (enjoy)the pictures and
animations(动画)in the E-textbooks. The children here (study)with E-textbooks since
last September. the help of the E textbooks，some good ideas are shared at times. Some parents encourage their
children (try)the E-textbooks to make
learning easier. But others worry about their (children)health.
"You
can't imagine how the growing popularity of E-textbooks is changing the way the
students learn! More and more students can (learn)with E-textbooks in
the future. However, there's still a long way (go)."Said the
headmaster.
三、句型转换
7．Mary came to China three years
ago.(改为同义句)
Mary has in China since three
years ago.
8．He has been to Beijing twice. (对划线部分提问)
has he been
to Beijing
9．She and her sister have entered a singing
competition.(改为一般疑问句)
she and her sister a
singing competition
10．They have already visited the Great
Wall.(改为否定句)
They the Great Wall
.
11．The Greens will take a plane to travel． (改为同义句)
The Greens will travel .
四、补全对话
12．补全对话，方框中有两项是多余的。
A. How did you go there B. I went to a beautiful town with my
parents. C. What do you want to know D. Have you ever had an exciting
experience E. I have never seen real sheep. F. I played with some sheep. G. What do you think
A: Good morning, Dai Wei.
B: Good morning, Zhao Heng.
A:
B: Yes, of course.
A: Please tell me something about it.
B: That happened in March last year.
A: What did you do there
B: We visited an old friend of my father's.
A:
B: My father drove us there. The view(风景) on the way was
wonderful.
A: What was the most exciting thing
B:
A: Sheep
B: Yes. My father's friend had many
sheep on his farm. They looked very lovely.
A: Oh, that sounds great!
B: If you want to see them, I can take
you there next holiday.
A: Thank you!
B: You're welcome.
五、完形填空
13．根据短文理解, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
Yesterday I read a report on a charity show in a newspaper. The aim of the show was to （1） money for the poor children. In the country areas, some children are out of school （2） their parents can't pay for their education.
To my surprise, many famous performers took part in the charity show, such as Andy Liu, Jay, Faye Wang, Kitty Chen and so on. The stars didn't ask for any pay. They did it for （3） ! There were a lot of performances （4） singing and dancing. The audience were so excited that they （5） their hands from time to time. Of course, the show was a success.
All the people followed the stars' example. A great number of people showed their generosity(慷慨) in （6） their money to the show. Both the ticket money and the donated money were soon sent to the poor areas and some of the poor children can get back to （7） now.
Now many charity shows are held in our country, not only to （8） education in poor areas but also to help people in trouble. As the Chinese saying goes, "All the others will come to one's rescue(援助) （9） one is in trouble. ''I （10） the whole world will become better if every one of us gives charity to others.
（1）A．pay B．raise C．spend D．cost
（2）A．and B．so C．because D．or
（3）A．good B．ever C．long D．free
（4）A．like B．as C．of D．clapped
（5）A．shook B．waved C．held D．clapped
（6）A．donating B．bringing C．collecting D．taking
（7）A．village B．home C．hospital D．school
（8）A．teach B．think C．give D．support
（9）A．as B．when C．while D．because
（10）A．like B．wish C．believe D．·want
六、阅读理解
14．阅读理解
In modern society there is a lot of disagreement
about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social
progress. Others say that competition is bad. It sets one person against
another. And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who believe that
their self-worth depended on how well they did at tennis and other skills. For
them, playing well and winning are often life-and death matters. In their
single-minded dream of success, the development of many other human qualities （品质）is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the
desire （渴望）to succeed, others take a different attitude. In a culture which
values only the winners, they are strongly against competition. Among the
most vocal are youngsters who are under competitive pressures（压力）from their parents or society. They are always told to be the top
ones, but they think it's really hard. When I teach these young people, I often
find them in a desire to fail. They seem to search for failure（失败）by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always
have an excuse:" I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really
didn't try. If I had tried and lost, that would mean a lot."
Clearly, this belief is the same as that of
the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the
mistaken belief. They think one's self-respect depends on how well one does
compared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fear
begins to dissolve（消除）can we discover a new
meaning in competition,
（1）Why do some people welcome competition according to the passag
A．It pushes society forward. B．It improves one's abilities.
C．It develops human qualities. D．It builds up friendly relationship.
（2）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means .
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who depend on others most for success
D．those who are against competition most strongly
（3）Which of the following may the writer agree to
A．Every effort should be paid back.
B．Competition should be encouraged.
C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D．Fear of failure should be taken away in competition.
（4）What does this passage mainly talk about
A．Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B．Competition is bad for social development.
C．Ideas about competition are different among people.
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】ancient
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：武则天是中国古代唯一的女皇帝。古代的，ancient，形容词，短语in ancient China，在古代中国，故答案为ancient。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，注意ancient的用法。
2．【答案】competition/contest
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你曾经参加过比赛吗？竞赛，competition/contest，可数名词，根据a， 可知用单数形式，短语enter a competition/contest，参加比赛，故答案为competition/contest。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意competition/contest的用法。
3．【答案】France
【知识点】专有名词
【解析】【分析】句意：埃菲尔铁塔在法国。根据常识可知埃菲尔铁塔在法国，空缺的意义为法国，France，故答案为France。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意France的用法。
4．【答案】send
【知识点】动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：这些澳大利亚的年轻学生在家里可以通过传真机将他们的作业发送给他们的老师。根据句子提到by fax，可知空缺的意义为发送，短语send sth to sb，将某物发送给某人，空缺填入send，结合can后面加动词原形，故答案为send。
【点评】考查短语send sth to sb的用法。
5．【答案】prize
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在昨天英语演讲大赛上，这个男人得了第一名。奖，prize，短语win the first prize，得了第一名，故答案为prize。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意prize的用法。
6．【答案】of；teaching；excited；enjoys；have studied；With；to try；children's；learn；to go
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】短文大意：越来越多的学生使用电子书学习，电子书有很多优点，比如好看的照片，可以及时分享自己的想法。
（1）句意：现在在中国西北部超过20所学校正在使用电子书。结合短语in the northwest of China，在中国西北部，可知空缺填入介词of。
（2）句意：一些老师说他们使得学习更容易并且教学更方便。结合短语make sth+adj，使得某物如何，空缺填入teach的名词teaching，教学，故答案为teaching。
（3）句意：景轩对一些课程如语文，英语和数学很兴奋。短语be excited about，对……感到兴奋，可知空缺填入excited。
（4）句意：她喜欢电子书里面的图片和动画。结合文章用了一般现在时，可知主语为she，谓语用单三，填入enjoys，喜欢，故答案为enjoys。
（5）句意：自从去年9月，这里的孩子用电子书学习。结合句子出现了since，可知此处用完成时态，句型have done，填入have studied。
（6）句意：在电子书的帮助下，一些好的想法有时能够分享。根据短语with the help of，在……的帮助下， 位于句首首字母大写，可知空缺填入With。
（7）句意：一些父母鼓励他们的孩子尝试用电子书使得学习更容易。结合短语encourage sb to do sth，鼓励某人做某事，可知空缺填入to try。
（8）句意：但是其他人担心他们孩子的健康。结合句子可知，空缺的意义为孩子们的健康，可知应该填入所有格形式，为children's。
（9）句意：在将来，越来越多的学生能够用电子书学习。结合情态动词can后面加动词原形，短语learn with，用……学习，可知填入learn。
（10）句意：然而，仍然有一段很长的路走。短语a long way to go，很长的路走，故答案为to go。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。
7．【答案】been
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：玛丽三年前来到中国。根据题干的要求改为同义句，此句相当于玛丽来到中国已经三年了，固定短语have been in+地点，表示呆在某地，其后可跟段时间，故填been。
【点评】考查固定短语have been in的基本含义及用法。
8．【答案】How；many；times
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：他去北京两次了。画线部分是twice，表示次数，要用how many times来提问，因位于句首，have的第一个字母要大写，故填How many times。
【点评】考查固定短语how many times的基本含义及用法。
9．【答案】Have；entered
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：她和姐姐参加了一个歌唱比赛。这是一个完成时的句子，其中的have是助动词，变为一般疑问句时，直接将have提前即可，因位于句首，第一个字母要大写，故填Have；entered。
【点评】考查现在完成时的一般疑问句的构成。
10．【答案】haven't；visited；yet
【知识点】否定陈述句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们已经参观过长城了。现在完成时的肯定句变为否定句，在助动词have后加not，在肯定句already，变否定句时改为yet，故答案为：haven't；visited；yet。
【点评】此题考查肯定句变否定句。注意现在完成时中already和yet的使用。
11．【答案】by；plane
【知识点】固定搭配；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】对比两句转化的部分是 a plane to travel 意思为乘飞机旅行，补充在句末所以转换同意短语by plane。
【点评】此题考查同意转换。
12．【答案】D；B；A；F；E
【知识点】补全对话
【解析】【分析】A. How did you go there 你怎么去的？
B. I went to a beautiful town with my parents. 我和父母去了一个美丽的城市。
C. What do you want to know 你想知道什么？
D. Have you ever had an exciting experience 你有过令人兴奋的经历吗？
E. I have never seen real sheep. 我从未见过真正的羊。
F. I played with some sheep. 我和一些羊一起玩。
G. What do you think 你觉得怎么样？
（1）根据下文语句Yes，of course.可知此句应该是一般疑问句；由选项的提示可知，D符合要求，你有过令人兴奋的经历吗？故选D。
（2）根据下文语句 What did you do there 可知此句告我我们去年三月份曾经到过的地方。由选择项的提示可知，选项B符合要求，与父母一起去了一个美丽的城镇，故选B。
（3）根据下文语句 My father drove us there. 可知，此句询问的是我们怎样去的。由选项的提示可知，A符合语境，故选A。
（4）根据上文语句 What was the most exciting thing 提示可知，答语应该是与最激动人心的事有关。再由下文语句 Sheep 的提示可知应该与羊有关联，结合选项可知，故选F。
（5）根据下文语句 If you want to see them, I can take you there next holiday. 理解可知，可能对方没有看到过这些，作者想带着他们一起去，结合选项的提示可知，故选E。
【点评】考查补全对话，通读全文，根据上下文的语境推测所缺内容，再由选择项的提示选出正确答案。
13．【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）D；（8）D；（9）B；（10）C
【知识点】人物传记/故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者介绍了自己读到的一篇新闻报道，并对报道中的这场慈善演出做了详细描述，比如有很多著名得演员参加，观众们也踊跃捐款，演出获得巨大成功。作者并介绍了这些捐款的用途及自己对将来的感想。
⑴ 联系下文，可知此处指给贫穷的孩子们筹集钱，故选B，提高，筹集。
⑵联系上下文可知前文是因果关系，so后面接结果，because后面接元音，结合语境可知后面指的是原因，故选C，因为。
⑶联系上文他们不要钱，可知他们是免费演出，故选D，免费的。
⑷ 介词辨析。A.像，比如B.如同，作为；C.关于，……的；D.因为。联系下文可知选A，有许多演出，比如唱歌和跳舞。
⑸句意：观众们如此激动以至于他们不时的鼓掌。shake hands握手；wave hand挥手；hold握着；clap hands鼓掌，故选D。
⑹ 联系上文描述，可知这是一场慈善演出，目的就是要人们捐款，故选A，捐赠。
⑺句意：门票的钱和捐赠的钱很快被送到贫困地区，一些贫困的孩子们可以回到学校了。故选D。
⑻A.教；B.认为；C.给予；D.支持。联系下文，可知选D，支持贫困地区的教育。
⑼连词辨析。A.随着；B.当……时；C.当……时，强调动作同时发生；D.因为。句意：一方有难八方支援。可知上下文是时间关系，结合语境可知选B。
⑽ 联系下文描述，可知我希望世界会变得更好。Wish接从句时，后面从句多用虚拟语气，want一般不接从句，结合语境可知选C。
【点评】这篇短文内容比较简单，理解不难。各小题与上下文联系比较紧密，答题中一定要注意联系上下文。答完后多读几遍，看看是否符合逻辑，适当修改。个别小题可以当做单独的词义辨析题来做，先区分词义，结合语境选出最能使语句通顺的答案。
14．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】社会现象类
【解析】【分析】短文大意：人们对比赛的态度不一，很多孩子过于重视成功与失败，以至于失去了其他人格品质，一些人抵触比赛， 每次比赛失败后，总是找出一个借口，作者呼吁应该消除害怕失败的情绪。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social progress 可知，比赛促进社会进步，故选A。
（2）推断题。根据文章提到的 In a culture which values only the winners, they are strongly against competition 可知，该词组的意义为强烈抵触比赛的这些人，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition可知，作者认为对害怕失败的情绪应该消除，故选D。
（4）主旨题。根据文章主要介绍了人们对比赛态度不一，可知文章谈论了关于比赛的想法，不同人的观点不一样，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
1 / 1外研（新标准）版八年级下册Module 2 课后小练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．
Empress Wu was the first and the only female monarch in （古代的）China.
【答案】ancient
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：武则天是中国古代唯一的女皇帝。古代的，ancient，形容词，短语in ancient China，在古代中国，故答案为ancient。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，注意ancient的用法。
2．
Has she ever entered a （竞赛）
【答案】competition/contest
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你曾经参加过比赛吗？竞赛，competition/contest，可数名词，根据a， 可知用单数形式，短语enter a competition/contest，参加比赛，故答案为competition/contest。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意competition/contest的用法。
3．
The Eiffel Tower is in F .
【答案】France
【知识点】专有名词
【解析】【分析】句意：埃菲尔铁塔在法国。根据常识可知埃菲尔铁塔在法国，空缺的意义为法国，France，故答案为France。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意France的用法。
4．
The younger students in Australia can s their homework to their teachers by fax at home.
【答案】send
【知识点】动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：这些澳大利亚的年轻学生在家里可以通过传真机将他们的作业发送给他们的老师。根据句子提到by fax，可知空缺的意义为发送，短语send sth to sb，将某物发送给某人，空缺填入send，结合can后面加动词原形，故答案为send。
【点评】考查短语send sth to sb的用法。
5．
The man won the first （奖）in yesterday's English Speech Contest.
【答案】prize
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在昨天英语演讲大赛上，这个男人得了第一名。奖，prize，短语win the first prize，得了第一名，故答案为prize。
【点评】考查名词拼写，注意prize的用法。
二、语法填空
6．语法填空
Now more than 20 schools in the northwest China are using E-textbooks. Some
teachers say that they make learning easier and (teach)more convenient.
Jing Xuan is (excite)about lessons like Chinese，English and math. She (enjoy)the pictures and
animations(动画)in the E-textbooks. The children here (study)with E-textbooks since
last September. the help of the E textbooks，some good ideas are shared at times. Some parents encourage their
children (try)the E-textbooks to make
learning easier. But others worry about their (children)health.
"You
can't imagine how the growing popularity of E-textbooks is changing the way the
students learn! More and more students can (learn)with E-textbooks in
the future. However, there's still a long way (go)."Said the
headmaster.
【答案】of；teaching；excited；enjoys；have studied；With；to try；children's；learn；to go
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】短文大意：越来越多的学生使用电子书学习，电子书有很多优点，比如好看的照片，可以及时分享自己的想法。
（1）句意：现在在中国西北部超过20所学校正在使用电子书。结合短语in the northwest of China，在中国西北部，可知空缺填入介词of。
（2）句意：一些老师说他们使得学习更容易并且教学更方便。结合短语make sth+adj，使得某物如何，空缺填入teach的名词teaching，教学，故答案为teaching。
（3）句意：景轩对一些课程如语文，英语和数学很兴奋。短语be excited about，对……感到兴奋，可知空缺填入excited。
（4）句意：她喜欢电子书里面的图片和动画。结合文章用了一般现在时，可知主语为she，谓语用单三，填入enjoys，喜欢，故答案为enjoys。
（5）句意：自从去年9月，这里的孩子用电子书学习。结合句子出现了since，可知此处用完成时态，句型have done，填入have studied。
（6）句意：在电子书的帮助下，一些好的想法有时能够分享。根据短语with the help of，在……的帮助下， 位于句首首字母大写，可知空缺填入With。
（7）句意：一些父母鼓励他们的孩子尝试用电子书使得学习更容易。结合短语encourage sb to do sth，鼓励某人做某事，可知空缺填入to try。
（8）句意：但是其他人担心他们孩子的健康。结合句子可知，空缺的意义为孩子们的健康，可知应该填入所有格形式，为children's。
（9）句意：在将来，越来越多的学生能够用电子书学习。结合情态动词can后面加动词原形，短语learn with，用……学习，可知填入learn。
（10）句意：然而，仍然有一段很长的路走。短语a long way to go，很长的路走，故答案为to go。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。
三、句型转换
7．Mary came to China three years
ago.(改为同义句)
Mary has in China since three
years ago.
【答案】been
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：玛丽三年前来到中国。根据题干的要求改为同义句，此句相当于玛丽来到中国已经三年了，固定短语have been in+地点，表示呆在某地，其后可跟段时间，故填been。
【点评】考查固定短语have been in的基本含义及用法。
8．He has been to Beijing twice. (对划线部分提问)
has he been
to Beijing
【答案】How；many；times
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：他去北京两次了。画线部分是twice，表示次数，要用how many times来提问，因位于句首，have的第一个字母要大写，故填How many times。
【点评】考查固定短语how many times的基本含义及用法。
9．She and her sister have entered a singing
competition.(改为一般疑问句)
she and her sister a
singing competition
【答案】Have；entered
【知识点】一般疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：她和姐姐参加了一个歌唱比赛。这是一个完成时的句子，其中的have是助动词，变为一般疑问句时，直接将have提前即可，因位于句首，第一个字母要大写，故填Have；entered。
【点评】考查现在完成时的一般疑问句的构成。
10．They have already visited the Great
Wall.(改为否定句)
They the Great Wall
.
【答案】haven't；visited；yet
【知识点】否定陈述句
【解析】【分析】句意：他们已经参观过长城了。现在完成时的肯定句变为否定句，在助动词have后加not，在肯定句already，变否定句时改为yet，故答案为：haven't；visited；yet。
【点评】此题考查肯定句变否定句。注意现在完成时中already和yet的使用。
11．The Greens will take a plane to travel． (改为同义句)
The Greens will travel .
【答案】by；plane
【知识点】固定搭配；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】对比两句转化的部分是 a plane to travel 意思为乘飞机旅行，补充在句末所以转换同意短语by plane。
【点评】此题考查同意转换。
四、补全对话
12．补全对话，方框中有两项是多余的。
A. How did you go there B. I went to a beautiful town with my
parents. C. What do you want to know D. Have you ever had an exciting
experience E. I have never seen real sheep. F. I played with some sheep. G. What do you think
A: Good morning, Dai Wei.
B: Good morning, Zhao Heng.
A:
B: Yes, of course.
A: Please tell me something about it.
B: That happened in March last year.
A: What did you do there
B: We visited an old friend of my father's.
A:
B: My father drove us there. The view(风景) on the way was
wonderful.
A: What was the most exciting thing
B:
A: Sheep
B: Yes. My father's friend had many
sheep on his farm. They looked very lovely.
A: Oh, that sounds great!
B: If you want to see them, I can take
you there next holiday.
A: Thank you!
B: You're welcome.
【答案】D；B；A；F；E
【知识点】补全对话
【解析】【分析】A. How did you go there 你怎么去的？
B. I went to a beautiful town with my parents. 我和父母去了一个美丽的城市。
C. What do you want to know 你想知道什么？
D. Have you ever had an exciting experience 你有过令人兴奋的经历吗？
E. I have never seen real sheep. 我从未见过真正的羊。
F. I played with some sheep. 我和一些羊一起玩。
G. What do you think 你觉得怎么样？
（1）根据下文语句Yes，of course.可知此句应该是一般疑问句；由选项的提示可知，D符合要求，你有过令人兴奋的经历吗？故选D。
（2）根据下文语句 What did you do there 可知此句告我我们去年三月份曾经到过的地方。由选择项的提示可知，选项B符合要求，与父母一起去了一个美丽的城镇，故选B。
（3）根据下文语句 My father drove us there. 可知，此句询问的是我们怎样去的。由选项的提示可知，A符合语境，故选A。
（4）根据上文语句 What was the most exciting thing 提示可知，答语应该是与最激动人心的事有关。再由下文语句 Sheep 的提示可知应该与羊有关联，结合选项可知，故选F。
（5）根据下文语句 If you want to see them, I can take you there next holiday. 理解可知，可能对方没有看到过这些，作者想带着他们一起去，结合选项的提示可知，故选E。
【点评】考查补全对话，通读全文，根据上下文的语境推测所缺内容，再由选择项的提示选出正确答案。
五、完形填空
13．根据短文理解, 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
Yesterday I read a report on a charity show in a newspaper. The aim of the show was to （1） money for the poor children. In the country areas, some children are out of school （2） their parents can't pay for their education.
To my surprise, many famous performers took part in the charity show, such as Andy Liu, Jay, Faye Wang, Kitty Chen and so on. The stars didn't ask for any pay. They did it for （3） ! There were a lot of performances （4） singing and dancing. The audience were so excited that they （5） their hands from time to time. Of course, the show was a success.
All the people followed the stars' example. A great number of people showed their generosity(慷慨) in （6） their money to the show. Both the ticket money and the donated money were soon sent to the poor areas and some of the poor children can get back to （7） now.
Now many charity shows are held in our country, not only to （8） education in poor areas but also to help people in trouble. As the Chinese saying goes, "All the others will come to one's rescue(援助) （9） one is in trouble. ''I （10） the whole world will become better if every one of us gives charity to others.
（1）A．pay B．raise C．spend D．cost
（2）A．and B．so C．because D．or
（3）A．good B．ever C．long D．free
（4）A．like B．as C．of D．clapped
（5）A．shook B．waved C．held D．clapped
（6）A．donating B．bringing C．collecting D．taking
（7）A．village B．home C．hospital D．school
（8）A．teach B．think C．give D．support
（9）A．as B．when C．while D．because
（10）A．like B．wish C．believe D．·want
【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）D；（8）D；（9）B；（10）C
【知识点】人物传记/故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者介绍了自己读到的一篇新闻报道，并对报道中的这场慈善演出做了详细描述，比如有很多著名得演员参加，观众们也踊跃捐款，演出获得巨大成功。作者并介绍了这些捐款的用途及自己对将来的感想。
⑴ 联系下文，可知此处指给贫穷的孩子们筹集钱，故选B，提高，筹集。
⑵联系上下文可知前文是因果关系，so后面接结果，because后面接元音，结合语境可知后面指的是原因，故选C，因为。
⑶联系上文他们不要钱，可知他们是免费演出，故选D，免费的。
⑷ 介词辨析。A.像，比如B.如同，作为；C.关于，……的；D.因为。联系下文可知选A，有许多演出，比如唱歌和跳舞。
⑸句意：观众们如此激动以至于他们不时的鼓掌。shake hands握手；wave hand挥手；hold握着；clap hands鼓掌，故选D。
⑹ 联系上文描述，可知这是一场慈善演出，目的就是要人们捐款，故选A，捐赠。
⑺句意：门票的钱和捐赠的钱很快被送到贫困地区，一些贫困的孩子们可以回到学校了。故选D。
⑻A.教；B.认为；C.给予；D.支持。联系下文，可知选D，支持贫困地区的教育。
⑼连词辨析。A.随着；B.当……时；C.当……时，强调动作同时发生；D.因为。句意：一方有难八方支援。可知上下文是时间关系，结合语境可知选B。
⑽ 联系下文描述，可知我希望世界会变得更好。Wish接从句时，后面从句多用虚拟语气，want一般不接从句，结合语境可知选C。
【点评】这篇短文内容比较简单，理解不难。各小题与上下文联系比较紧密，答题中一定要注意联系上下文。答完后多读几遍，看看是否符合逻辑，适当修改。个别小题可以当做单独的词义辨析题来做，先区分词义，结合语境选出最能使语句通顺的答案。
六、阅读理解
14．阅读理解
In modern society there is a lot of disagreement
about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social
progress. Others say that competition is bad. It sets one person against
another. And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who believe that
their self-worth depended on how well they did at tennis and other skills. For
them, playing well and winning are often life-and death matters. In their
single-minded dream of success, the development of many other human qualities （品质）is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the
desire （渴望）to succeed, others take a different attitude. In a culture which
values only the winners, they are strongly against competition. Among the
most vocal are youngsters who are under competitive pressures（压力）from their parents or society. They are always told to be the top
ones, but they think it's really hard. When I teach these young people, I often
find them in a desire to fail. They seem to search for failure（失败）by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always
have an excuse:" I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really
didn't try. If I had tried and lost, that would mean a lot."
Clearly, this belief is the same as that of
the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the
mistaken belief. They think one's self-respect depends on how well one does
compared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fear
begins to dissolve（消除）can we discover a new
meaning in competition,
（1）Why do some people welcome competition according to the passag
A．It pushes society forward. B．It improves one's abilities.
C．It develops human qualities. D．It builds up friendly relationship.
（2）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means .
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who depend on others most for success
D．those who are against competition most strongly
（3）Which of the following may the writer agree to
A．Every effort should be paid back.
B．Competition should be encouraged.
C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D．Fear of failure should be taken away in competition.
（4）What does this passage mainly talk about
A．Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B．Competition is bad for social development.
C．Ideas about competition are different among people.
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】社会现象类
【解析】【分析】短文大意：人们对比赛的态度不一，很多孩子过于重视成功与失败，以至于失去了其他人格品质，一些人抵触比赛， 每次比赛失败后，总是找出一个借口，作者呼吁应该消除害怕失败的情绪。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social progress 可知，比赛促进社会进步，故选A。
（2）推断题。根据文章提到的 In a culture which values only the winners, they are strongly against competition 可知，该词组的意义为强烈抵触比赛的这些人，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition可知，作者认为对害怕失败的情绪应该消除，故选D。
（4）主旨题。根据文章主要介绍了人们对比赛态度不一，可知文章谈论了关于比赛的想法，不同人的观点不一样，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
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