(共47张PPT)
八年级英语（JJ下）
教学课件
Lesson 45: Let's Sort Garbage!
Unit 8
1. Be able to use the words: sort, empty, metal, plastic, recycle, amount, litter, do with, too much, give sth. to sb. , be made into, a piece of, go for a walk, take out
2. Learn to sort the garbage
3. Learn and master the usage of “it”
4. Learn some key sentences:
· What do you do with your garbage？
· Danny empties two bags of garbage onto the floor.
Learning Targets
· After they sort the garbage, Danny and
Jenny are surprised.
· People throw too much away.
· One of the wheels is broken.
· It's dangerous to leave broken glass on the
ground.
· Once, I cut my foot on a piece of broken
glass.
Green environment
Lead in
garbage
deforestation
The damaged environment
desertification
starvation
sort the garbage
glass
metal
plastic
paper
packagingand others
Think and answer
Are you green
Do you try to walk or ride a bike to school
Do you buy new clothes just because they are the latest fashions
Do you open a window instead of turning on air-conditioning
What should we do to protect the environment
Discussion
1. Turn lights off.
2. Collect cans and paper, and sell them for recycling.
3. Try our best to save energy.
4. Ride a bike to school.
5. Use both sides of the paper.
6. Don't throw litter away everywhere.
sort
empty
metal
plastic
recycle
amount
v. 分类；整理
n. 类；种类；类型
v. 把……弄空
adj. 空的
n. 金属
n. & adj. 塑料(的)
v. 回收再用；再循环
n. 量；数量
Words and expressions
litter
do with
too much
give sth. to sb.
be made into
a piece of
go for a walk
take out
n. 垃圾
v. 使乱七八糟；乱扔
处理
太多
给某人某物
被制作成……
一张/一片/一块……
去散步
拿出；取出
What do you do with your garbage
What kinds of things can be recycled and reused
THINK ABOUT IT
Presentation
Danny empties two bags of garbage onto the floor.
Jenny: That's a lot of garbage！Can I help you sort it
Danny: Yes, please. Let's put the glass here, the metal here, the plastic here and the paper here.
(After they sort the garbage, Danny and Jenny are surprised. Almost all of it can be reused or recycled！They need to throw away only one small bag of
Listen and read the passage.
garbage！)
Jenny: People throw too much away. They shouldn't waste so much!
Danny: That's right. Look！There is more paper than plastic. And there is less metal than plastic. There is the least amount of glass.
Jenny: And the most amount is paper. It is a waste to use paper only on one side.
Danny: Hey！I found a toy car. One of the wheels is broken. I'll take this car home and clean it. Then I'll use some glue to fix the broken wheel. When I finish fixing this car, I will give it to my little cousin, Debbie.
Jenny: Nobody should throw away a toy like this. It can be fixed. It's not right to waste things. Look at all of the glass. It can all be recycled and made into new glass.
Danny: A lot of glass is broken. It's dangerous to leave broken glass on the ground. Once, I cut my foot on a piece of broken glass.
Jenny：Litter can hurt people!
1. There is a lot of garbage: glass, metal, plastic and paper. ( )
2. There is the most amount of glass and the least amount of paper. ( )
3. Danny found Debbie’s toy car in the garbage. ( )
4. Danny once cut his foot on a piece of broken glass. ( )
F
T
F
T
Read the lesson and write true (T) or
false (F).
1
Let’s Do It!
Circle the words that “it” refers to in each sentence.
Example:
It is a waste to use paper only on one side.
It is fun to travel.
It is not right to waste things.
It is quite easy to find information with this program.
They think it is rude to point with a finger.
It is dangerous to leave broken glass on the ground.
2
As we all know, “It” can be used to refer to time, weather, distance or something mentioned before. Study the sentences above. Can you find other ways of using “it”
Learn to learn
Go for a walk around your neighbourhood. Take a bag with you and pick up any garbage you see. Wear gloves because garbage is dirty.
PROJECT
SORT THE GARBAGE
Bring the garbage to school. Don't throw it away!
What kind of garbage did you find？Sort the garbage. Make a pile for paper, plastic，metal, glass and other things.
·How much of each type of garbage do you have？
·What type do you have the least/most amount of？
Do you want to throw away the garbage now？Don't! What else could you do with it？Think！Could you use some of the garbage again？How
How could people make less garbage？Talk about this and write down your ideas.Now you can take out the garbage!
Language points
1.What do you do with your garbage？
do with 处理。它常与特殊疑问词what搭配使用。
例：What should I do with this problem？
我应该如何处理这个问题？
2. Danny empties two bags of garbage onto the floor.
empty v. 倒空 adj. 空的
例：The streets began to empty after midnight.
午夜过后街上行人开始稀少了。
Vargas emptied his tool bag.
瓦格斯腾出自己的工具袋。
3.After they sort the garbage, Danny and Jenny are surprised.
sort v．分类；整理。常用短语：sort out 把……整理好，分类。
例：I must sort out my clothes for the party.
我必须把聚会上要穿的衣服整理好。
例：The flowers should be watered every day.
花儿应该每天浇水。
Cars mustn’t be parked here.
小轿车不可以停放在这里。
4. Almost all of it can be reused or recycled!
1) 此句为含有情态动词的被动语态，其构成形式为：情态动词(can / may / must / should) +be + 过去分词。
2) re-是前缀，意思是“再，重新”。例：rewrite, replay, reappear, rebuild, remarry等。
reuse意思是“重新使用；再使用”。
例：She often reuses old envelopes.
她经常重复使用旧信封。
recycle意思是“使再循环；使……重新利用，重复利用”。
例：They recycle empty tins so as to use the metal.
他们回收空罐头盒以利用其金属。
5. People throw too much away.
【辨析】too much、too many与much too
too much:
too many:
much too:
太多，修饰可数名词的复数。
太……，修饰原级。
太多，修饰不可数名词或修饰比较级，含有“过分，难以接受”之意。
6. One of the wheels is broken.
one of… ……之一。它后面跟可数名词复数。它作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
例：One of my friends comes from Canada.
我的一个朋友来自加拿大。
7. It's dangerous to leave broken glass on the ground.
(1)该句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是“to leave broken glass on the ground”。
(2)leave v．使保留；让……处于(某种状态、某地等)。其后可接名词、形容词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词或介词短语充当宾语补足语。
该句中 “leave broken glass on the ground” 的结构为“leave＋名词＋介词短语”。
例：Don't leave your socks on the sofa.
不要把你的袜子放在沙发上。
8. Once, I cut my foot on a piece of broken glass.
a piece of 一张/一片/一块…… 它后面常跟不可数名词，但是要注意piece 是可数名词。该短语作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于piece的单复数形式。
例：I have a piece of good news to tell you.
我有一条好消息要告诉你。
Grammar
1. it 的用法：
（1）it作代词
it不仅可以指代具体的物品，而且还可以指代时间、距离、路程、天气等。
例：It is half past five now.现在五点半了。
It is sunny and hot in my hometown in summer. 在我的家乡夏季晴朗、炎热。
（2）it作形式主语
当句子的主语过长时，为避免头重脚轻通常将it置于句首作形式主语，而将真正的主语(通常是不定式短语、动名词或主语从句)放在句子的后面。
例：It is important for us to use English as much as possible.
对我们来说尽可能多地使用英语是很重要的。
It is reported that there will be a thunderstorm tomorrow. 据报道明天将会有一场暴风雨。
（3）it作形式宾语
当句子的宾语过长时，常用it作形式宾语，用来代替真正的宾语(通常是不定式短语、动名词或宾语从句)。例：I found it hard to walk through the forest in five hours. 我发现在五个小时之内穿越森林是件很困难的事。
Jim thinks it is a pity that he didn't win the first place in the English competition. 没有在英语竞赛中获得第一名，吉姆觉得很遗憾。
2. 动词不定式作主语的用法
动词不定式的基本形式为“to + 动词原形”，其否定形式是“not + 动词原形”。它能起名词的作用，在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。动词不定式在作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之后。
例：It’s not easy to learn a foreign language well.
(= To learn a foreign language well is not easy.)
学好一门外语不容易。
在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，作不定式的逻辑主语。即：It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.(对某人来说做……是……)。
例：It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。
It’s hard for me to answer your question.
要我回答你的问题很难。
但是，如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加一个of引起的短语。即：It is + 形容词 + of sb + to do sth (某人做……是……)。
例：It is kind of you to help me with my lessons.
你帮助我做功课，太好了。
It is so nice of you to come to see me.
你来看我太好了。
It takes/took + sb + some time + to do sth 意为“做……花了某人多少时间”
例：It takes her an hour to review her lessons every day.
她每天花一个小时复习功课。
It took more than 100,000 slaves twenty years to build the Great Pyramid.
十万多个奴隶花了20年的时间建成了那座大金字塔。
It is + 名词 + to do sth 意为“做……是……”
例：It is our duty to serve the people.
为人民服务是我们的责任。
It is an honour to make a speech here. 在这儿演讲很荣幸。
注意： 动词不定式作主语，同时有一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成“It’s … to do sth.”的句型。
例：[正]To see is to believe. [误]It’s to believe to see.
百闻不如一见。
This beautiful bowl is made of _____ (金属).
2. The streets soon e______ when the rain began.
She found the ring while s______ some clothes.
When my clothes are worn out, I generally _____ them _____(扔掉).
一、根据句意和首字母及汉语提示完成句子。
metal
mptied
orting
throw
away
Exercises
5. There isn't much metal in the bodywork of this new car. It’s mainly ______(塑料).
6. The Japanese r______ more than half their waste paper.
7. Please wait at the school gate. John will ___ you ___ there.
8. About two percent of fast-food packaging ends up as l_____ (垃圾).
ecycle
pick
up
itter
plastic
二、单项选择。
1. It is not always easy _____ invitations.
A. to refuse B. refusing
C. to be refused D. being refused
2. It is bad for your eyes ___ computer games
too much.
A. plays B. to play
C. play D. playing
3. It _____ him four hours and a half to do the work.
A. spent B. used C. needed D. took
B
D
A
4. It was careless _____ him to break the coffee cups.
A. for B. to
C. with D. of
5. What a pleasure___ with them!
A. is it to work B. it is to work
C. to work D. to be worked
D
B
1. Learn some new words and expressions.
2. Be able to understand the passage .
3. Learn the usage of it and the infinitive as the subject.
Summary
Homework
1. Finish the exercises of Lesson 45.
2. Preview next lesson.
3. Tell your parents and your friends about the knowledge we learnt today and sort and reuse garbage together.(共42张PPT)
冀 教 社
It’s fun!
It’s easy!
JJ八(下)
教学课件
八年级英语（JJ下）
教学课件
Lesson 43: Let's Clean up!
Unit 8
1. Be able to use the words: schoolyard, attention, rubbish, garbage, pollution, explain, clean up, draw one's attention, pick up, a bit of
2. Know World Environment Day and learn to protect the environment
3. Learn some key sentences:
· When you see a lot of garbage in your schoolyard,
how do you feel？
Learning Targets
· It's a special day to draw people's attention to the
environment.
· Look at all of this rubbish！
· We should pick up the garbage！
· We're studying pollution in class this week.
· Garbage is a type of pollution.
· Each student could clean up a bit of the schoolyard.
8.We would finish cleaning in an hour！
9. Jenny explains the plan to the class.
Several kinds of pollution:
Air pollution
Lead in
Water pollution
Soil pollution
Garbage is another way of saying rubbish.
What can we do to
protect our world
June 5
Try to protect our environment
What’s he doing
He is picking up garbage.
What are they doing
They are cleaning up the street.
schoolyard attention
rubbish
garbage
pollution
explain
n. 校园
n. 注意；留心
n. 垃圾；废物
n. 垃圾
n. 污染
v. 解释
Words and expressions
打扫；把……打扫干净
引起……的注意
拣起；拿起
一点儿
clean up
draw one's attention
pick up
a bit of
When you see a lot of garbage in your schoolyard, how do you feel
Do you know about World Environment Day What is it
THINK ABOUT IT
Presentation
It's noon. Jenny, Brian and Danny are outside in the schoolyard.
Jenny: Today's June 5. It's World Environment Day!
Brian: It's a special day to draw people's attention to the environment. What shall we do today？Look at all of this rubbish!
Danny: What does “rubbish” mean？I don't know
Listen and read the passage.
that word.
Brian: It means “garbage” in American English.
Danny: Oh, I see. There's a lot of rubbish in the schoolyard. We should pick up the garbage!
Jenny: Let's do it now.
Danny: It would take too long. There are only three of us!
Jenny: We're studying pollution in class this week. Garbage is a type of pollution.This could be a
class project！We can ask our classmates to help us.
Brian: Good idea. Each student could clean up a bit of the schoolyard. We would finish cleaning in an hour!
(Jenny explains the plan to the class. All the students agree to help. They wear gloves and carry brown bags. They begin to pick up the garbage.)
Jenny: Danny, you lost your homework, right？I think I found it！Look at this piece of paper!
Danny：Oh no!
T
F
F
T
Read the lesson and write true (T) or
false (F).
1
Let’s Do It!
Listen the dialogue and tick the correct answers.
2
1．Where are they talking？
In the market. In the schoolyard.
2．What are they talking about？
Picking up garbage. Playing soccer.
3．What is the class project about？
Environment. Pollution.
√
√
√
Jeff: Look at the sky! It’s always grey. We can’t even see the sky clearly.
Marina: If this goes on, the birds will fly away and never come back.
Complete the dialogue with the correct forms of the words in the box.
pollution rubbish schoolyard agree clean attention
3
Jeff: Our river used to be very clean. But now look at the water! There is too much ________ left by the factories.
Marina: If this goes on, the fish will die. People should do something to stop the ________.
Jeff: I ________. Let’s do something to draw people’s ________ to this
problem. How about putting up a poster
pollution
agree
attention
rubbish
Marina: Good idea. Jeff, I think our __________ is also quite dirty.
Let’s call our classmates to help clean it before the new term starts.
Jeff: OK. We would finish ________ in an hour!
cleaning
schoolyard
Each World Environment Day has a theme. Here are some examples. Can you think of your own theme for it？
4
1994 One Earth, One Family
1997 For Life on Earth
2002 Give Earth a Chance
2005 Green Cities—Plan for the Planet
2011 Forests: Nature at Your Service
2012 Green Economy: Does It Include You
Language points
1. When you see a lot of garbage in your schoolyard，how do you feel？
feel link. v. 觉得；感到。其后可跟形容词或名词作表语。
例: I was feeling guilty.我感到很愧疚。
【拓展】feel link.v.摸起来。它作此义讲时，无被动语态，也不用于进行时。
例：This silk feels very smooth. 这块丝绸摸起来很滑。
2. It's a special day to draw people's attention to the environment.
draw/catch one's attention(to) 意为“吸引……的注意力(到……上)”。其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
例：The teacher drew our attention to listening to her.老师把我们的注意力引到了听讲上。
3. Look at all of this rubbish！
rubbish n．垃圾；废物。它是不可数名词，其同义词有litter、garbage。
例：Don't throw the rubbish about！
不要乱扔垃圾！
4.We should pick up the garbage！
pick up意为“捡起；拾起”，是动副型短语，接代词作宾语时，代词必须放在pick和up的中间。
例：A waste bag is on the floor. Please pick it up.
地板上有一个废袋子。请把它捡起来。
【拓展】pick up还可意为“顺便用车来接……，不经意间学会……”。
例：Linda, I'll pick you up after school.
琳达，放学后我开车去接你。
5.We're studying pollution in class this week.
pollution n．污染。它是不可数名词。其动词是pollute。
例：There is less pollution in the village than in the
city. 乡村的污染比城市少。
6. Garbage is a type of pollution.
a type of 意为“一种…… ”，它相当于a kind of/a sort of。当表示 “几种……” 时，可将a换成基数词，type要用复数形式。
例：This is a type of rare blood.
这是一种罕见的血型。
7．Each student could clean up a bit of the schoolyard.
clean up意为“清理，打扫”，为动副型短语。代词作宾语时，要放在clean与up之间。
例：Your bedroom is so dirty.Please clean it up.
你的卧室太脏了。请打扫一下。
a bit of 意为“一点儿，一些”，修饰不可数名词。
a bit 意为“有点儿”，修饰形容词或副词。
例：Will you please turn down the radio a bit
请你把收音机音量开小一点好吗？
She's a bit afraid of the teacher.
她有点怕老师。
8.We would finish cleaning in an hour！ finish doing sth. 意为“做完某事”。在该短语中，动名词作finish的宾语。
例：Have you finished reading the storybook？
你读完这本故事书了吗？
9．Jenny explains the plan to the class.
explain v．解释。常构成搭配explain sth.to sb.，意为“向某人解释某事/物”。其名词形式为explanation。
例：The teacher often explains these problems to his
students.
这位老师经常向他的学生解释这些问题。
Exercises
一、单项选择。
1. The rivers ______ by the dirty water from the factories nearby.
A. polluted B. pollutes
C. are polluting D. are polluted
D
2. — I have ______ bread. Could you give me more
— Of course! Here you are.
A. a bit B. a bit of
C. a few D. a few of
3. My mother ______ all the dirty bowls and plates in
the sink (洗碗池).
A. looked up B. picked up
C. cleaned up D. stood up
B
C
4. Please pick up that old book. I don’t think ______.
A. it is right to throw it away
B. it is right to throw away it
C. it is wrong to throw them away
D. it is wrong to throw away them
5. It’s necessary ______ everyone ______ the
environment.
A. of; protecting B. of; to protect
C. for; protecting D. for; to protect
A
D
I e_______ the solution to my parents.
You cannot park the car in the s_________ (校园).
The r______ should be thrown into the dustbin.
I need __ ___ ___(一点儿) cheese.
The new law will reduce p______ of the rivers.
xplained
choolyard
ubbish
a
bit
of
ollution
二、根据句意及汉语意思写单词。
6. Place the book back where you found it when you have finished _______(读).
8. The bus stopped several times to ____ ___ (接) passengers.
9. Could you please take out the g______
10. He brought out his knife and cut __ ____ ___ (一块) bread into two.
reading
pick
up
arbage
a
piece
of
Summary
1. Learn some new words and expressions.
2. List the garbage we throw away every day around us.
3. Know about the importance of environment and we should take some actions to protect it.
Homework
1. Finish the exercises of Lesson 43.
2. Preview next lesson.
3. Perfect your design of the project on
World Environmental Day and make a poster.
5. Enjoy the movie Wall E if you have time.(共38张PPT)
八年级英语（JJ下）
教学课件
Lesson 44: Environment Clubs
Unit 8
1. Be able to use the words and phrases: reduce, reusable, least, pollute, skip, packaging, leaky, waste, litre, sink, electricity, shut, throw away, encourage sb. to do sth. , neither... nor... , turn off, shut down
2. Learn the environment club and learn to protect the environment
Learning Targets
3. Learn some key sentences:
· In an environment club, students work
together to reduce pollution and protect the
environment.
· How much garbage do you throw away after lunch？
· Environment clubs encourage students to bring
their lunches in reusable bags and dishes.
· The class with the least garbage gets a prize.
· It's a good way to reduce packaging.
· Did you know that a leaky toilet can waste 20
to 40 litres of water an hour？
· Turn off the television and shut down the
computer when you are not using them.
What are they doing
Lead in
Do you think the characters in the pictures are correct Why or why not What should we do
Do you know them And what are they doing
reduce
reusable
least
pollute
skip
v. 减少
adj. 可重复使用的
adj. & adv. 最少的(地)；最小的(地)
n. 最少量；最小物
v. 污染；弄脏
v. 跳跃；跳绳
Words and expressions
packaging
leaky
waste
litre
sink
electricity
shut
n. 包装
adj. 渗漏的
v. & n. 浪费
n. 公升
n. 水槽；水池
n. 电
v. 关上；合上
throw away
encourage sb. to do sth. neither... nor...
turn off
shut down
扔掉
鼓励某人做某事
既不……也不……
关掉；关闭
关闭；停下
What do you do when you see somebody throwing garbage on the ground
Does your school have an environment club
THINK ABOUT IT
Presentation
In North America, many students join environment clubs. In an environment club, students work together to reduce pollution and protect the environment. The following is a list of their activities and advice.
·No garbage lunches: How much garbage do you throw away after lunch？Environment clubs
Listen and read the passage.
encourage students to bring their lunches in reusable bags and dishes. The class with the least garbage gets a prize.
·No car days: On a no car day, nobody comes to school in a car—neither the students nor the teachers！Cars pollute our air, so remember:
Walk, skip, bike or run.
Use your legs！It's lots of fun!
·Bring your own shopping bag！Bring your own
bag when you go shopping. It's a good way to reduce packaging.
·Save water！Did you know that a leaky toilet can waste 20 to 40 litres of water an hour？In a year, that would fill a large swimming pool！In environment clubs, students fix leaky toilets and sinks.
·Save electricity！Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Turn off the television and shut down the computer when you are not using them.
Read the lesson and answer the questions.
1
Let’s Do It!
1. Why do many students join environment clubs in North America？
Because they want to reduce pollution and protect the environment.
2. Why do the students take their own bags when they go shopping？
Because it's a good way to reduce packaging.
3. How do the students in an environment club save water？How do they save electricity？
They fix leaky toilets and sinks. Turn off the lights when they leave a room. Turn off televisions and shut down computers when they are not using them.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
waste least nobody shut pollute
The soap factory _______ the drinking water in this area.
Students should not _____ paper.
_______ knows when life on the earth started.
He who talks the most knows the _____.
I couldn’t ____ the window because it was stuck.
polluted
waste
Nobody
least
shut
2
Read the passage and fill in the blanks.
In some countries of the world, people have started to reduce the amount of garbage they make. How First, they buy ______ things. They try to buy only what they really need. When you buy fewer things, you _____ away fewer things. Second, they reuse things.
fewer
throw
3
They use things, and then they use them again! Third, they recycle things. They
make old things into new things. People call these the “three Rs”: reduce, _____ and ______. The three Rs help us remember that _________ is a problem.
reuse
recycle
pollution
Suppose your school's environment club wants to make a poster about littering and recycling. Can you make one？Here's an example.
4
Stop Pollution！
We have a nice, clean schoolyard. Let's keep it this way.
Don't litter！
Always put your garbage in a garbage can.
Never throw it on the ground.
Recycle！
Stop and think before you throw something out：
Can I use this again？
Can this be recycled？
Together，we can help keep our world clean！
Language points
1. In an environment club，students work together to reduce pollution and protect the environment.
reduce v．减少。其反义词为increase(增加)。常用短语：reduce to减少到……；reduce by减少了……
例：The number of the students has reduced to 200
this year.
今年的学生数量已减少到了两百人。
2.How much garbage do you throw away after lunch？
throw away丢掉，扔掉。它相当于throw out/throw off。该短语是动副型短语，当宾语是代词时，要放在throw与away之间；当宾语是名词时，置于throw与away之间或away之后均可。
例：Don't throw away the old bottles. They are still
useful.
不要扔掉这些旧瓶子。它们还有用。
3.Environment clubs encourage students to bring their lunches in reusable bags and dishes.
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。其中，动词不定式作宾语补足语。
例：My teacher always encourages me to work hard.
我的老师总是鼓励我努力学习。
4. The class with the least garbage gets a prize.
least是little的最高级形式，意为“最少”，修饰不可数名词。最高级前面通常要用定冠词the。
例：Tom drank the least milk among the three boys. 这三个男孩中，汤姆喝的牛奶最少。
5．It's a good way to reduce packaging.
该句中to reduce packaging是动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰way。此句可转化为一个含定语从句的复合句：It's a good way (that) you reduce packaging.
way在此作 “方式、方法” 讲，其后可接动词不定式(短语)、of短语及that/in which引导的从句作定语，that可省略。
例：It's a good way to practice spoken English.＝It's a good way of practicing spoken English.＝It's a good way(that)you practice spoken English.那是一个练习英语口语的好方法。
6．Did you know that a leaky toilet can waste 20 to 40 litres of water an hour？
waste v．浪费。常构成固定搭配 waste water/electricity/oil等。其反义词为save(节约，节省)。
例：The naughty boy wasted much money.
那个淘气的男孩浪费了很多钱。
7．Turn off the television and shut down the computer when you are not using them.
(1)【辨析】turn off、turn on、turn up与turn down
turn off 意为“关掉，关闭”，一般指关闭电源、水等，后面常接电器、仪器等。
turn on 意为“打开”，一般指打开电源、水等，后面常接电器、仪器等。
turn up 调大电器等的频率、音量等。
turn down 调小电器等的频率、音量等。
例：Please turn off the radio. My grandma is sleeping.请关掉收音机，我的奶奶正在睡觉。
Could you please help me turn on the TV？
你能帮我打开电视吗？
I can't hear clearly.Please turn up the MP3.
我听不清楚。请调大MP3的音量。
He turned down the radio.
他调小了收音机的音量。
(2)shut down也可意为“关闭;停下”。它强调机器等停止运转、关闭窗户等，也可指关闭公司、工厂、店铺等。
例：The restaurant shut down last year.
这家饭店去年倒闭了。
But the company shut down in 1995.
但这家公司在1995年关闭了。
School should be surrounded by a pure and healthy e__________.
Chemical wastes p______ the rivers and streams.
The ship was l______ badly.
You should not w____ food when many people are hungry.
根据句意和首字母及汉语提示完成句子。
nvironment
ollute
eaking
aste
Exercises
5. I have to __________ (关闭) my blog.
6. The glass from bottles can be r_______.
7. We should take ________ (可重复利用的) bags for shopping.
8. Mr. Smith can drink five ______ (公升) of beer.
9. The firm has ___(更少的) money and fewer staff than last year.
reusable
ecycled
shut down
litres
less
1. Learn some new words and expressions.
2. Be able to understand this text.
3. Call in people to work together to make our environment clean.
Summary
Homework
1. Finish the exercises of Lesson 44.
2. Preview next lesson.
3. According to the text, think about the measures to protect the environment and write down your answer.(共35张PPT)
八年级英语（JJ下）
教学课件
Lesson 47: Connected to
Nature
Unit 8
1. Be able to use the words and phrases: bee, ant, dove, die, dead, species, respect, be filled with, start out, depend on, live off, die off
2. Learn that all the living things on the planet depend on one another and learn to protect our world
3. Learn some key sentences:
· The natural world is filled with living things.
· Living things start out weak and small and slowly
grow strong and big.
Learning Targets
· If we pollute the rivers and oceans, fish may
get sick or even die.
· Some birds live off fish.
· If the birds eat the sick or dead fish, they may die off.
· We should respect the earth and all the living
things on it.
Lead in
Observe the pictures and contents below and how you feel.
environment
pour dirty water
into the rivers
and oceans
throw waste
away
waste
pollution
worse and worse
noise pollution
air pollution
water pollution
human
drive more cars
cars and buses
traffic jam
waste gas
make noise
air pollution
noise pollution
serious(严重的)
factories
pour
dirty water
sea
lake
river
ocean
fish die
people sick
water
pollution
serious
People
throw away
metal
glass
paper
plastic
clothes
food
waste pollution
serious
Wood cutting
fur coat
They are killing the animals for skins.
bee
ant
dove
die
dead
species
respect
n. 蜜蜂
n. 蚂蚁
n. 鸽子
v. 死
adj. 死的
n. 物种；种类
v. 尊敬；敬重
Words and expressions
be filled with start out
depend on
live off
die off
充满……
启程，出发；开始做
依赖
以……为食；以……为生
相继死去；灭绝
Do all the living things on the planet depend on one another？
What can we do for nature？
THINK ABOUT IT
Presentation
The natural world is filled with living things. Living things start out weak and small and slowly grow strong and big. You are a living thing. Each of your classmates is a living thing. Flowers, grass and trees are living things, too. Bees, ants, doves, dogs and cats—these are all living things.
All living things need food and water to grow.
Listen and read the passage.
Think about yourself. When you are hungry, you need to eat. You eat fruit, vegetables, meat and fish. They can help you grow big and strong. You drink water when you are thirsty. Now think about a tree. When a tree is hungry, it gets food from the soil. Trees drink water, too.
We are different in some ways, but all living things are connected. We all live on the same planet, and we depend on each other. If we pollute the rivers
and oceans, fish may get sick or even die. Some birds live off fish. If the birds eat the sick or dead fish, they may die off. Nature is a balance between all the living things on the planet. If one species dies off, then another species may die off, followed by another, and another…
We should respect the earth and all the living things on it.
All living things are connected.
We should protect the environment.
Living things live in the world.
All living things need water and food to grow.
3
4
1
2
Read the lesson and put these sentences
in the correct order.
1
Let’s Do It!
His mother has been ____ for ten years.
People should _______ and understand each other.
3. Don’t always _____ others. You should have your own ideas.
4. We are _________ by the Internet.
5. The trees _____ out, and this place became desert.
respect connect die dead follow
respect
follow
connected
died
dead
Fill in the blanks with the correct
forms of the words in the box.
2
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the sentences below.
3
Many years ago, there were more animal species than there are now. There were many forests. The rivers were clean. The sky was blue. Birds sang from morning until night. ______
But later, people cut down the trees in the forests, killed the animals and built factories
B
and buildings. ______ People's houses were buried by soil in floods. Some animals lost their homes, and they attacked people. Some factories polluted the air, water and people's food. The earth is getting warmer. Some scientists say the sea level will rise by at least 1 metre in the next 100 years. ______
D
A
People are now living in a worse and worse environment. ______ We need to reduce pollution and protect our environment.
A. Some houses beside the sea will disappear.
B. People lived together with many kinds of animals.
C. We should do something to save our world.
D. They changed the earth.
C
Language points
1.The natural world is filled with living things.
be filled with 充满…… 它相当于be full of。
例：My father's study is filled with/full of books.
我爸爸的书房里满是书。
2. Living things start out weak and small and slowly grow strong and big.
start out意为“启程，出发，开始或着手做”。
例: We started out by preparing for the sports meeting.
我们通过为运动会做准备开始的。
3. If we pollute the rivers and oceans, fish may get sick or even die.
(1)【辨析】sick 与 ill
①sick 生病的，不舒服的。其为形容词，在句中既可作表语，也可作定语。
例：The sick girl asked for a day's leave.
那个生病的女孩请了一天的假。
②ill 生病的。作此义讲时，在句中只能作表语。
例：He is seriously ill and unlikely to recover.
他病得非常厉害，不大可能康复了。
(2)die v．死。为非延续性动词，用于完成时时不能
与时间段连用。其过去式为died，现在分词为
dying。常用短语：die of死于(疾病、饥饿等原因)；die from死于(寒冷、事故等外部原因)。die off 相继死去，灭绝；die out灭绝。
例：In the past，many people died of starvation during the famine.过去发生饥荒时，许多人都会饿死。
4. Some birds live off fish.
live off 意思是“以……为食；以……为生；依赖……生活” 。
例：We should not live off our parents all our life.
我们不能一辈子都依靠父母生活。
Most of the Asians live off rice.
多数亚洲人以大米为主食。
5. If the birds eat the sick or dead fish, they may die off.
die off意思是“相继死去；灭绝”
例：As he grew older, his relatives all died off.
随着他年龄的增长，亲人相继死去了。
The chickens are all dying off from the disease.
小鸡一个个地病死了。
The leaves of this plant are dying off.
这株植物的叶子正在凋落。
die 还有很多固定搭配，在使用时要注意它们的区别：
die of “死于……；因……而死”，主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因。
例：He died of a heart attack.
他死于心脏病发作。
die from “死于……；因……而死”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。
例：Many villagers die every year from snake bites. 每年都有许多村民被蛇咬死。
6.We should respect the earth and all the living things on it.
respect v．尊敬；尊重。其形容词为respectable(值得尊敬的；受人尊敬的)。
例：We should respect the old and love the young.
我们应该尊老爱幼。
If the snowstorm does not stop, the cattle will_______ (相继死掉).
2. A tiger _______ (以……为生) some small animals.
3. The expedition(探险队) __________ (出发) before sunrise.
4. All students should r______ their teachers.
lives off
started out
espect
die off
根据句意和首字母及汉语提示完成句子。
Exercises
5. Her grandfather has been d_____ (死) for 20 years now.
6. Many people d____ (死) in the accident.
7. Lucy loves to watch ____(蚂蚁) moving house.
8. She was stung(蛰) by a b ____ (蜜蜂).
9. Over a hundred s_______ of insect are found in this area.
ied
ead
ants
ee
pecies
1. Learn some new words and expressions.
2. Be able to understand the passage .
3. Know the importance of the nature and the connection between human and nature.
Summary
Homework
1. Finish the exercises of Lesson 47.
2. Preview next lesson.
3. Tell your relatives and friends about the importance of protecting nature.(共33张PPT)
八年级英语（JJ下）
教学课件
Lesson 48: Garbage Is
Interesting!
Unit 8
1. Be able to use the words and phrases: used, divide, pile, seat, lid, ton, duty, divide…into… , make... out of, It’s one’s duty to…
2. Learn something about garbage and know how to protect our environment
3. Learn some key sentences:
· All of our classmates helped.
· Danny found a used toy car with one broken wheel.
Learning Targets
· We put on gloves and divided the garbage into different piles：glass, metal, plastic, paper and everything else.
· Today, Danny made a car out of garbage！
· I think it's our duty to protect the environment.
· I am only one person, but if I do my part, the earth will be a cleaner and safer place.
Let’s do something interesting with the garbage.
Lead in
used
divide
pile
seat
lid
ton
duty
adj. 用过的；旧的；二手的
v.分开；分割
n. 堆；大量
n. 座位
n. 盖子
n. 吨
n. 责任；义务
Words and expressions
divide…into…
make... out of
It’s one’s duty to…
把……分成……
由……制成，用……做原料
……是某人的职责/义务
Do you think garbage is interesting？
What have you done in a schoolyard clean up？
THINK ABOUT IT
Presentation
This week we learned about pollution. I never knew that garbage was so interesting!
On Tuesday, it was World Environment Day. Danny, Brian and I cleaned up the schoolyard. All of our classmates helped. We took bags and picked up the garbage. It was great to see everyone working together!
Listen and read the passage.
Later that day, Brian, Danny and I went for a walk around our neighbourhood. When we saw garbage, we picked it up. Danny found a used toy car with one broken wheel. He took it home, cleaned it and fixed it.
On Wednesday, we sorted our school's garbage. We put on gloves and divided the garbage into different piles: glass, metal, plastic, paper and everything else. Most of the garbage was paper. People wasted a
lot of paper！There was less plastic than paper and more plastic than metal. There was the least amount of glass.
Today, Danny made a car out of garbage！He used a big box for the body and pieces of wood for the seats. He used a bit of glue to put the wheels on. The wheels were plastic lids. It was great!
We throw garbage away. But where does it go？Later this month, we will go on a class trip to the city
recycling centre. Thousands of tons of garbage are sent there. We will see the workers sort all of our garbage for recycling.
I think it's our duty to protect the environment. I am only one person, but if I do my part, the earth will be a cleaner and safer place. If each of us does something for the environment, all of us will have a better life.
Jenny
Read the lesson and fill in the table.
1
Let’s Do It!
This week
On Tuesday
Danny, Brian and I cleaned up the schoolyard. All of our classmates helped.
We learned about pollution.
Later on Tuesday
Brian, Danny and I went for a walk around our neighbourhood. When we saw garbage, we picked it up. Danny found a used toy car with one broken wheel. He took it home, cleaned it and fixed it.
On Wednesday
We sorted our school’s garbage. We put on gloves and divided the garbage into different piles: glass, metal, plastic, paper and everything else.
Today
Later this month
Danny made a car out of garbage.
We will go on a class trip to the city recycling centre. We will see the workers sort all of our garbage for recycling.
Complete the dialogues using the phrases in brackets.
A: The schoolyard is dirty. (clean up)
B:
2. A: There is too much garbage. (pick up)
B:
3. A: What a sunny day! (go for a walk)
B:
4. A: It’s cold outside! (put on)
B:
Let’s clean up together.
Shall we pick it up
How about going for a walk
Put on your coat.
2
Read the passage and answer the question.
3
“Hazardous” means dangerous. Some hazardous waste is poison—it makes people sick. Some products explode or burn very easily. Hazardous things usually have these labels: “poison”, “caution”, “warning” or “danger”．What can we do about hazardous waste？Buy less of it！And when you take out the garbage, don't take out your hazardous waste.
Hazardous waste in your garbage is bad for the environment. Why？Because we usually bury or burn our garbage. This can make people and the environment sick. Many countries have laws about hazardous waste. The laws don't allow people to bury or burn hazardous waste with other garbage. Many cities in North America keep their hazardous waste in special places. Some have ways to burn it at very high
temperatures: from 900 to 1 100 degrees centigrade. Hazardous waste is buried two kilometres under the ground in some places. That's deep!
Which of these is hazardous？Tick the correct ones.
√
√
Language points
1. All of our claasmates helped.
all of…所有的…… 其后既可跟可数名词复数，也可跟不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于其后所接名词或代词的单复数。
例：All of the rubbish here is plastic.
这里所有的垃圾都是塑料的。
2. Danny found a used toy car with one broken wheel.
used为形容词，意为“用过的，二手的，旧的”。
例：He spent 1000 dollars on a used car last week.
上周他花了1000美元买了一辆二手车。
with one broken wheel是介词短语作定语，放在被修饰的名词后面。
例：Please pass me the bottle with some oil.
请递给我那只装油的瓶子。
3. We put on gloves and divided the garbage into different piles：glass，metal，plastic，paper and everything else.
divide v．分开，划分。短语divide…into…意为“把……分成……”，强调把原来是整体的东西分成若干份。divide…in half 意为“把……分成两半”，
相当于divide…into halves。
例：We should divide the apple in half.
我们应该把苹果分成两半。
4. Today，Danny made a car out of garbage！
make…out of…意为“用……制作……”。make后面接成品，out of 后面接材料。
例：The children like making hats out of branches.
孩子们喜欢用树枝编帽子。
5. I think it's our duty to protect the environment.
It's one's duty to do sth.意为“做某事是某人的职责/义务”。在这个句式中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
例：It's her duty to look after her sick sister.
照顾生病的妹妹是她的职责。
6. I am only one person，but if I do my part，the earth will be a cleaner and safer place.
do one's part 尽本分；尽自己的职责。
例：Everyone should do his part to protect the
environment.
每个人都应尽自己的职责来保护环境。
This store buys and sells u____ (二手的) exercise equipment.
A fence d______ (将……分开) our garden from neighbour’s garden.
The boy made a boat ___ ___ wood.
Danny and I ____________ ( 散步) through our park.
She failed in her ____ (职责).
sed
ivides
out
of
go for a walk
duty
一、根据句意和首字母及汉语提示完成句子。
Exercises
二、单项选择。
The teacher divided us ________ 6 groups.
A. into B. to
C. on D. of
2. —It's our duty ________our city clean and beautiful.
—Yes. We should do something for it.
A. to keep B. keep
C. keeping D. keeps
A
A
Summary
1. Learn some new words and expressions.
2. Be able to understand the passage .
3. Learn some ways to recycle garbage.
Homework
1. Finish off the exercises on the book.
2. Read Lesson 48 for three times.(共33张PPT)
八年级英语（JJ下）
教学课件
Lesson 46: Protect Our
Environment
Unit 8
1. Be able to use the words and phrases:
leak, tap, beer, truck, recycling, factory, unlike, take a shower, again and again, put...in... , ride a/one's bike to… , make a change, make a difference
2. Learn to protect the environment around us
3. Be able to write a passage about protecting environment
4. Learn some key sentences:
Learning Targets
· We use them again and again, or we put other
garbage in them.
· I ride my bike to school every day.
· Unlike other types of transportation, a bike
doesn't make any pollution.
· In fact, if each of us makes a small change in
our life, we can make a big difference to our
environment.
Lead in
Look at the picture below. How do you feel
There are some ideas for reducing waste.
The recycling symbol
The recycling of the old cloth
Christmas Trees Made With Recycled Bottles
leak
tap
beer
truck
recycling
factory
unlike
v. & n. 漏；渗漏
n. 龙头；阀门
n. 啤酒
n. 货车；手推车
n. 回收利用
n. 工厂
prep. 不像；与……不同
Words and expressions
take a shower
again and again put...in...
ride a/one's bike to
make a change
make a difference
淋浴
再三地；反复地
把……放在……里
骑自行车去……
做出改动/改变
有影响;起（重要）作用
Is your hometown clean enough
Do you have any ideas for reducing waste
THINK ABOUT IT
Presentation
My name is Katie.
I think everybody should take care of the environment. I live in Edmonton. It is a city in Canada. The air and water are clean in Edmonton, but sometimes people waste a lot.
What do we waste the most？Paper, I think. People waste water, too. I don't want to waste
Listen and read the passage.
water. I try to save water in many ways. I take short showers. I often check to make sure there aren't any leaks, and I never forget to turn off the tap.
Do we recycle at home？Yes！We sort our pop cans, beer bottles and waste paper. A truck picks up our recycling every week. It is made into new things. We reuse our plastic bags, too. We use them again and again, or we put other garbage in them.
Cars and factories make the most pollution. I
think there are too many cars in Edmonton. More people should ride bikes or take buses. I ride my bike to school every day. Unlike other types of transportation, a bike doesn't make any pollution. Buses make some pollution, but lots of people can travel on a bus. Buses make less pollution than cars.
In fact, if each of us makes a small change in our life, we can make a big difference to our environment.
It's not too hard to protect the environment. We just need to try.
Read and tick the points mentioned in
the lesson.
1
Let’s Do It!
sort garbage at home
reuse plastic bags
bring your own bag when you go shopping
ride bikes or take buses
√
√
√
pick up rubbish off the street
turn off the lights when you leave a room
turn off the television and shut down the computer when you are not using them
take short showers
√
Compare the two pictures.Tick the words to describe the differences.
2
pollution clean garbage air car sky
transportation travel tree environment
What can we do to help the
environment？Read and match.
3
We should
We shouldn't
open a window instead of turning on the air conditioning.
use both sides of the paper.
throw garbage on the ground.
sort the waste before throwing it away.
cut down trees in forests.
turn off the tap when we are brushing our teeth.
Language points
1.We use them again and again，or we put other garbage in them.
(1)again and again是固定搭配，意为“反复地，再三地”。
例：I like this novel very much，so I read it again and again.
我非常喜欢这本小说，所以我读了一遍又一遍。
(2)put…in…把……放在……里。
例：Please put your shoes in the shoe cabinet.
请把你的鞋子放进鞋柜。
2. I ride my bike to school every day.
ride a/one's bike to…骑自行车去…… 它相当于go to…by bike或go to…on a bike。
例：My mother rides a bike to work every day.
我妈妈每天骑自行车去上班。
3. Unlike other types of transportation, a bike doesn't make any pollution.
unlike prep.不像。它是like(像)的反义词。
例：Unlike her mother, she doesn't like watching TV.不像她妈妈，她不喜欢看电视。
4. In fact, if each of us makes a small change in our life，we can make a big difference to our environment.
(1) make a change 意思是“做改动，改变”
例：Can I make a change in my reservation
我能改变预定吗？
I think we need to make a change.
我觉得我们得做些改变。
(2) make a difference意为“有影响；起(重要)作用”。
例：As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students.
身为教师，你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。
Writing
如何写关于环保的文章：
第一，确定环保主题。
第二，寻找问题事物的问题。
第三，如何去解决这些环保问题。
第四，人们都做了哪些环保活动，取得了怎么样的成效。
第五，说明环保需要长久的坚持下去，结尾倡导人们都来环保。
Example
在学校，一些同学不注意保护学校环境，使学校环境受到了损害。请你根据所给内容要点，以 “Keep Our School Clean” 为题用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。
内容要点：1.学校环境越来越差。2.随地吐痰和乱扔垃圾。3.毁坏花草树木。4.多植树，循环使用教材。5.保护学校环境。(广西玉林、防城港、崇左中考)
参考词汇：1. worse 2. spit (吐痰) 3. destroy(破坏) 4. do something to protect…
Keep Our School Clean
As we all know, it's very important for us to keep our school clean and tidy. Because we are middle school students, it's our duty to keep the school clean. However, our school environment is becoming worse and worse. We can see that there is much waste on the ground, such as plastic bags, cans, old batteries and so on.
Therefore, we have to protect the environment as soon as possible. We can't spit anywhere and we shouldn't throw rubbish anywhere, for it's very rude. We should protect the trees and keep off the grass. At the same time, we need to plant more trees. We can also reuse our books. it is a good way to reduce the waste of natural resources. In this way, I'm sure that our school will be more and more beautiful in the future.
What you do now can _________________ (起重要作用) to your future.
My grandmother tells me the story ______________ (再三地).
She knew in that moment that she needed to _____________ (做出改变).
Whether he _____ ___ _____(骑车) or takes a bus, he always attends class on time.
make a difference
again and again
make a change
rides
a
bike
Exercises
根据汉语提示完成句子。
Summary
1. Learn some new words and expressions.
2. Be able to understand the passage .
3. Be able to give suggestions on how to protect our environment.
Homework
1. Finish the exercises of Lesson 46.
2. Preview next lesson.
3. Make a poster about "begin from us" to introduce how to protect the environment.
