专题5.介词—2022届中考英语语法解析&题型解题技巧&真题训练(原卷+解析卷)

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名称 专题5.介词—2022届中考英语语法解析&题型解题技巧&真题训练(原卷+解析卷)
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更新时间 2022-03-29 15:19:05

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
介词考点解析
考点一 表示时间的介词
1.at多用于具体钟点前,如:at seven,at a quarter to one;也可用于固定搭配中,如:at noon,at night。
2.in表示一段时间,用于年、月、世纪、四季或泛指的一天的上午、下午、晚上等前。如:in the twenty-first century在21世纪,in autumn在秋天,in the morning在早上;还可用于表示“从现在起,多长时间以后或多久之后”的短语中。
3.on主要用在星期几、具体某一天或具体某一天的早、中、晚或节日前。如:
on the Mid-Autumn Festival在中秋节
on June 1st 在6月1日
4.since,from和for
介词 含义及用法 例句
since 指从某时一直延续至今,后常接时间点,句子用完成时。 He has lived here since 1993.从1993年开始他一直住在这里。
from 说明开始时间,可用过去、现在、将来的某种时态。 From now on,I will learn English every morning.从今以后,每天早晨我将学英语。
for 指动作延续贯穿整个过程,后接时间段,句子用完成时。 I have studied English for six years.我已经学英语六年了。
5.“by+时间点”表示“到……时为止”,如果by后跟一个过去的时间点,句子应用过去完成时。如:
We had learned 1,000 English words by the end of last term.到上个学期末,我们已经学了1,000个英语单词。
6.“during+时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作。如:
He lives with us during these years.这些年他跟我们一起住。
7.until与否定词连用,意为“直到……才”,其前的谓语动词多用瞬间性动词;until用在肯定句中,意为“直到……为止”,其前的谓语动词需用延续性动词。如:
I didn’t leave until my mother came home.直到我妈妈回家我才离开。
题组训练 用适当的介词填空
①Mother’s Day is  on  the second Sunday in May.
②We usually get to school  at  7:40 in the morning.
③Her birthday is  in  winter, the most beautiful season in a year.
④Uncle Wang has worked in the factory  for  twenty years.
⑤—How soon will he come back
— In a month.
考点二 表示方位的介词
1.表示方位的in,on和to
in表示在某一地区之内(属于该范围);on表示与某地的毗邻关系;to表示在某一地区之外(不属于该范围)。如:
Fujian Province is in the south-east of China.福建省位于中国的东南部。
China is to the west of Japan.中国在日本的西边。
2.over,above和 on的用法
(1)over 有“正上方”“越过”“覆盖在上面”之意。
There is a bridge over the river.这条河上有一座桥。
(2)above 指在上方,不一定表示正上方。如:
Raise your hands above your head.把你的手举过你的头。
(3)on 指在上面,表示两物体接触。如:
There is a cup on the table.桌子上有一个杯子。
图示记忆 
3.at,in和on的用法
(1)at 与较小的地点连用。如:at the bus stop,at home
(2)in 与较大的地点连用。如:in China,in the world
(3)on 表示在一个平面上。如:on the farm
4.in front of,in the front of和before
(1)in front of 表示“在……的前面”(范围外)。如:There are some trees in front of the classroom.教室前面有一些树。
(2)in the front of 表示“在……的前部”(范围内)。如:
Put the shortest flowers in the front of the bunch.把最短的花放在花束的靠前位置。
(3)before 所表示的位置关系和in front of相同,表示“在……前面”。如:He sits before me.他坐在我前面。
5.below,under
below表示“在……下方或位置低于……”,不一定有垂直在下之意;under 表示“在……正下方”。如:
The coat reaches below the knees.这件外套到了膝盖下面。
He hid under the bed.他藏在床底下。
题组训练 用适当的介词填空
①Li Ming goes to school  in  his father‘’s car every day.
②Mr. Green is writing  on  the blackboard.
③They held a large umbrella  over  her.
④—Can a plane fly  through  the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes,but it needs to go  across  the clouds for hours.
⑤You must be careful when you swim  across  the lake.
考点三 介词的固定搭配
  介词在实际运用中常常和名词、动词、形容词等词类构成固定搭配,这些固定搭配在句子中经常出现。
1.介词与名词的固定搭配
on one’ own独自 
in a word总而言之
in life 一生中 
in time 及时
at sea在海上 
on time准时,按时
in town在城里 
on foot 步行
in English 用英语 
in a low voice 小声地
in the distance 在远处
in public公开地
in the middle of...在……中间
in trouble处于困境
of course当然(可以)
in fact 事实上
in surprise 惊奇地
in a hurry 匆忙,急忙
in the street在街上
by the way顺便说
at the meeting 在会上
in the end 最后
in space 在太空
in order 有序;整齐
2.介词与形容词的固定搭配
careful about 小心
sure about/of肯定
certain about/of 确定
good at 擅长
good for对……有好处
surprised at 对……吃惊
famous/known for因……而出名 
ready for为……做好了准备
late for迟到 
different from与……不同
successful in 在……成功
interested in对……感兴趣
disappointed in对……失望
proud of为……感到骄傲
tired of厌倦 
afraid of害怕
short of短缺 
full of充满
similar to与……相似 
familiar to为……所熟悉
satisfied with对……满意 
busy with忙于
friendly to对……友好 
angry with生……的气
strict with sb.对某人要求严格
3.介词与动词的固定搭配
laugh at 嘲笑 
take part in 参加
think of 想出;想起 
go on with继续
worry about 为……担心 
look after 照顾,照料
look like 看起来像 
look for 寻找
hear from 收到……的来信 
listen to 听
arrive in 到达(大地方)
arrive at 到达(小地方)
get to 到达 wait for 等候
agree with 同意,赞同 
think about 考虑到
catch up with赶上,追上 
come from 来自
pay for 付钱买…… 
shout at 对……叫嚷
talk about 谈论 
play with 与……玩耍
point at 指向 
point to 指出;暗示
hear of 听说 
look forward to 盼望
do well in 在……学/做得好 
fall behind 落后
ask for 要求,请求 
take away拿走,带走
turn...into...把……变成……
help...with...帮助……做……
take/catch hold of抓住 
decide on决定
take care of 照顾 
hand in上交
have nothing to do with与……无关
base on 以……为根据
keep...out of 不让……进入
leave for 离开去(另一个地方)
talk to/with 与……谈话
go in for 爱好,对……感兴趣
look at看 
deal with处理
depend on依靠,依赖;取决于
tie...to...把……系在……上
pass on传递 
smile at对……微笑
believe in信任 
belong to属于
look around向四周看 
write to给……写信
regard...as...把……看作……
二.知识拓展
其他用法
 1.表示运动方向的介词
(1)into, inside, in 从外到内。如:
He went quickly into/inside/in the room.他很快进入到房间里。
(2)on在……表面,onto到……上。如:
A boat is on the river.一条小船在河上。
He jumped onto a tree.他跳上一棵树。
(3)across穿过一平面,through穿过一空间。如:
The boy kicked the ball hard and it moved across the grass.这个男孩用力踢球,球飞过草地。
The train moved fast through the tunnel.
火车飞驶隧道。
 2.on与about的区别
介词 词义 用法
on 关于 侧重论述,多用于比较重大、涉及比较深广诸如国际形势、政治、理论、学术报告、专著等方面的问题
about 关于 侧重于叙事,多用于个人事迹、故事内容、一般的书籍、文章等较浅显的问题
3.between和among的区别
between常指“在……(两者)之间”;among用于指“在……(三者或三者以上的人或物)之间”。如果把三者或三者以上的人或事物分别看待,指每两者之间,也可用between。如:
Maria sits between Lucy and Lily.玛丽亚坐在露西和莉莉之间。
Miss Wang stands among her students.王老师站在她的学生中间。
4.across,through,over和past的区别
across和through都用于表示“穿过”。across着重指从一条直线或一物体表面的一边到另一边,表示游渡、乘船过海或过河时用across;through含有“从……中间穿过”之意。如:
He can swim across the river.他能游过这条河。
She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son.她必须挤过人群才能到她的儿子跟前。
over多指在空间范围上“穿越”,而past指“经过”。如:
The plane flew over a line of mountains in the south-east.飞机从东南方的一座座山上飞过。
They walked past a tall tree.他们从一棵大树旁走过。
5.for,to和towards 的区别
for常用在leave,start后,表示运动的方向或目的。如:
They’ll leave for Beijing to attend a meeting next month.他们下个月将出发去北京参加一个会议。
to 接在go,come,return,move等词之后,表示目的地。如:
When did you return to Guangzhou after the holiday 假期后你何时回广州的
towards意为“朝、向”,只说明运动的方向,没有“到达”的意思。如:
They are running towards the sea.他们跑向大海。
6.after与behind的区别
两个词都有“在……后”之意,behind常表示位置方面的“后”,而after表示时间、次序上的“后”。如:
behind the school,after 5 o’clock,after you
7.in,with和by表示“用”时的区别
in主要表示“用语言、声音等”;with表示“用具体有形的东西”;by表示“用……手段或方式”,后常接动名词。如:
Can you sing this song in English 你能用英语唱这首歌吗
I do my homework with a pen.我用钢笔写作业。
The girl made money by selling flowers.这个女孩通过卖花赚钱。
8.but,besides和except的区别
but表示“除……之外”,常与含否定意义的词连用,当but前有动词do或其相关形式时,but后接动词原形;except表示“除……之外(不再有)”,指从整体中排除except所接的人或物,前面常有all,every,any,no或一些复合词;besides表示“除……之外(还有)”,其前常有other,another,any other,a few等词。如:
We can do nothing but wait.除了等,我们什么也做不了。
All the students went to the zoo except Jim.除了吉姆,所有的学生都去动物园了。
I have a few good friends besides you.除了你之外,我还有几个好朋友。
9.in和after表示时间的区别
(1)in表示以此时此刻为起点的将来的一个时间段之后,常与将来时态的谓语动词连用;对时间状语“in+时间段”(表将来)提问可以用how soon。
注意:in the past意为“在过去”,与过去时连用;in the past/last+时间段,意为“在过去的……中”,表示从现在算起的过去的一段时间,包括此时此刻在内,常与现在完成时连用。如:
In the past few years,great changes have taken place in our school.在过去的几年中,我们学校的变化很大。
(2)“after+时间段”常与过去时连用,“after+时间点”可与将来时连用。
题组训练 根据汉语提示,完成句子
①They will finish the work  in  an hour.
一小时后他们将完成这项工作。
② on  a warm spring afternoon 在一个温暖的春天的下午
③He has studied English  since  2000.
自从2000年他就开始学英语了。
④Our teacher usually stands  in the front of  the classroom.
我们的老师通常站在教室前面。
⑤Wine is made  from  grapes.葡萄酒是用葡萄酿造的。
⑥Clothes are used  for  keeping us warm.
衣服是用来为我们保暖的。

1.(2021·辽宁大连市·中考真题)I often do volunteer work in the library ________ Sundays.
A.at B.in C.on D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:星期天我经常在图书馆做义工。
考查时间介词辨析。at用于具体的钟点前;in用于年、月、季节前;on用于具体的某一天前;for后接一段时间;Sundays指具体的星期,前面要用介词on,故选C。
2.(2021·广西百色市·中考真题)The Communist Party of China was founded________ July 1st, 1921.
A.in B.on C.at D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国共产党成立于1921年7月1日。
考查介词。in 通常用于年月,季节等词前;on通常用于星期,节日或具体的某一天前;at通常用于钟点,中午夜晚或某些固定短语中。空后是具体的某一天,所以用on。故选B。
3.(2021·山东临沂市·中考真题)We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternoon.
A.in B.on C.at
【答案】C
【详解】句意:今天下午三点半我们要开班会。
考查时间介词用法。in后接某年某月;on后接具体一天;at后接具体时刻。“3:30”是具体的时刻,故选C。
4.(2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题)The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A.in B.on C.for D.at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国共产党将于2021年7月1日迎来100岁生日。
考查介词辨析。in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前;at用于具体的钟点前;on用于具体的某一天前;for后接一段时间;根据“July 1st, 2021”可知,具体的一天前用介词on,故选B。
5.(2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题)The Communist Party of China was set up ________ July, 1921 and we will celebrate her 100th birthday this year.
A.on B.at C.in D.by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:中国共产党是1921年7月成立的,今年我们将庆祝她的100岁生日。
考查时间介词辨析。on后接具体某一天;at后接具体时刻;in后接某年某月某季节;by到……之前。“July”是七月份,用时间介词in,故选C。
6.(2021·北京中考真题)Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year.
A.on B.by C.at D.in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:每年的4月24日是中国的“航天日”。
考查介词辨析。on用在星期或具体时间前;by到……为止;at其后加点钟等;in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根据“April 24th”可知,此处加具体的时间,故选A。
7.(2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题)Big sale! We have T-shirts _________white _________only $6.
A.in; for B.of; for C.in; at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:大减价!我们有白色的T恤只卖6美元。
考查介词辨析。in后接某种颜色的衣服;for以……价格;at在。根据“…white …only $6”可知,白色的T恤只卖6美元,第一空填in,第二空填for,故选A。
8.(2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题)The pink hair band must belong to ________.
A.Linda’s B.Linda C.hers
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个粉红色的发带一定属于Linda。
考查名词和代词。Linda是一个女孩的名字;Linda’s是名词所有格形式;hers是名词性物主代词,意为“她的”。句中使用了短语belong to…“属于……”,后跟名词或人称代词宾格形式作宾语。故选B。
9.(2021·海南中考真题)Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of china.
A.in B.on C.to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:三沙坐落于中国南部的美丽城市。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面;on相接壤;to一个城市在另一个城市之外。三沙位于中国内部,用介词in。故选A。
10.(2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题)In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work _________ subway.
A.in B.on C.by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:为了保护环境,许多人选择乘地铁上班。
考查介词用法。in在……里面;on在……上面;by后接交通工具,表示乘坐……。根据句子结构可知,这里考查交通方式:“by+交通工具”或“in/on+冠词+交通工具”,介词短语;根据“subway”前面没有冠词和形容词性物主代词,可知此处为介词短语by subway“坐地铁”。故选C。
11.(2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题)— Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A.on B.to C.at D.in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——人民公园在哪里? ——沿着公园路走,在第二个十字路口右转,它就在你的左边。
考查介词。on(表示方向)在;to到……;at在(某处);in在……里。根据下文“your left”提示,此处表示的是在某个方向上,故应用介词on,故选A。
12.(2021·青海中考真题)Look! The sun is shining directly into the car. You’d better park it ________ the tree.
A.under B.in front of C.behind
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看!阳光直射在汽车上。你最好把它停在树下。
考查介词辨析。under在……下面;in front of在……前面;behind在……后面。根据“The sun is shining directly into the car.”可知,为了避免阳光直射,要把车停在树下,故选A。
13.(2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题)I often help my parents with housework ______ Sundays.
A.on B.in C.at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:星期天我经常帮父母做家务。
考查介词。on用于具体的某一天前;in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前;at用于具体的钟点前;Sundays是具体的一天,应用介词on,故选A。
14.(2021·江苏南京市·中考真题)We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A.in B.on C.at D.of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们将在2021年7月1日庆祝中国共产党成立100周年。
考查介词辨析。in后加早中晚、季节、月份、年份等;on后加星期、日期;at后加时刻;of……的。根据“July 1st, 2021”可知,此处指具体的某一天,应用on。故选B。
15.(2021·天津中考真题)Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A.between B.from C.behind D.among
【答案】C
【详解】句意:安娜比我高。在教室里她坐在我后面。
考查介词词义辨析。between在……之间(两者);from来自;behind在……后面;among在……之间(三者)。根据“Anna is taller than me.”可知,这里指她坐在我后面,故选C。
16.(2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题)China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A.on B.in C.at D.to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:中国首个火星探测器“祝融”于2021年5月15日在火星上着陆。
考查介词辨析。on其后加星期或具体的时间;in其后加早中晚/季节/月份/年份等;at其后加时间点等;to到。根据“May 15, 2021”可知,是具体的某一天,故选A。
17.(2021·四川成都市·中考真题)It is hard for people to move forward with a strong wind ________ hard.
A.blown B.blowing C.to blow
【答案】B
【详解】句意:强风刮得很厉害,人们很难前进。
考查非谓语动词。这里是with的复合结构,with后的宾语wind与动词blow之间是主动关系。所以用现在分词,作伴随状语,故选B。
18.(2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题)The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A.in B.at C.on D.around
【答案】C
【详解】句意:中国共产党将于2021年7月1日迎来100岁生日。
考查介词辨析。in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前;at用于具体的钟点前;on用于具体的某一天前;around周围;根据“July 1st, 2021”可知,具体的一天前用介词on,故选C。
19.(2021·重庆中考真题)The Tianwen-1 Probe landed on Mars ________ May 15th, 2021.
A.at B.in C.to D.on
【答案】D
【详解】句意:天问一号探测器在2021年5月15日登陆火星。
考查时间介词辨析。at后接具体时刻;in后接某年某月某季节;to到;on后接具体某一天。“May 15th,
2021”是具体的一天,故选D。

1.【2020 贵州黔南州】There is going to be an English movie in our school __________ the evening of June 30.
A. at B. in C. for D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在6月30日的晚上我们学校将会有一部英语电影。考查介词辨析。at后跟时间点;in泛指在上午、下午或晚上;年代、月份、季节前;for后跟一段时间;on在具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上。空后指的是6月30日的晚上,应用on。故选D。
2.【2020 海南省】Eight members of a Chinese team arrived _________the top of Mount Qomolangma successfully.
A. in B. at C. to
【答案】B
【解析】句意:中国八名队员成功登上了珠穆朗玛峰山顶。考查介词辨析。in后接大地点;at后接小地点;to到。固定搭配:arrive in+大地点;arrive at+小地点,空格后the top of Mount Qomolangma是小地点,故选B。
3.【2020 河北省】When are you arriving I’ll pick you up the station.
A. at B. to C. on D. off
【答案】A
【解析】句意:你什么时候到,我将在车站接你。考查地点介词。at在……,后接小地点;to朝,向;on在某物体表面上;off离开。根据题干中“I’ll pick you up ____ the station.”可知是说“我将在车站接你”,the station车站,是小地点,其前用at。故选A。
4.【2020 黑龙江绥化】—What time is it —It's half __________ seven.
A. past B. to C. at
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——现在几点了?——七点半了。考查介词及时间的表达。past过;to到;at指具体的时刻。表示“几点半”用“half + past + 小时”。故选A。
5.【2020 江苏省淮安市】When you have joys, you can share them _________ your friends.
A. for B. in C. with D. on
【答案】C
【解析】句意:当你有乐趣的时候,你可以和你的朋友分享它们。考查介词。for为了;in在……里面;with和;on在……上面。表达“和某人分享某物”用share sth. with sb.,此处用介词with。故选C。
6.【2020 南通市】My uncle’s reviews on the four great classical Chinese novels may be published ________ the summer of 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我叔叔对四部中国古典小说的评论可能会在2021年夏天出版。考查介词辨析。in在(年份、月份、季节前);on在(日期前);at在(年龄前);for为了。根据句中“the summer of 2021”可知,summer表示“季节”,此处使用in,表示“在2021年夏天”。故选A。
7.【2020 盐城市】Yancheng is the only city China to be named after salt.
A. at B. on C. in D. with
【答案】C
【解析】句意:盐城是中国唯一以盐命名的城市。考查介词辨析。at在,后面跟小地点;on在……上;in在,后面跟大地点,表示空间或范围;with和……在一起。根据题干“China”可知,中国是大地点,故选C。
8.【2020 扬州市】Han clothing is becoming more popular ________ young people.
A. over B. among C. between D. about
【答案】B
【解析】句意:汉服在年轻人中正变得越来越受欢迎。考查介词。over在……上面;among在三者或以上中;between在二者中;about关于。根据“young people”可知表示的是在三者或以上的年轻人中,用介词among。故选B。
9.【2020 镇江市】China sent up the final satellite of Beidou Navigation Satellite System(北斗卫星导航系统) from Xichang Satellite Center___________ June 23,2020.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意:中国于2020年6月23日从西昌卫星中心发射了北斗卫星导航系统的最后一颗卫星。
考查介词辨析。at后接具体的时刻;in后接年、月、世纪等,或泛指的上午、下午、晚上;to到,一般与from连用,表时间范围;on后接具体的某一天。句中“June 23,2020”表具体的一天,故其前应加介词on,即中国于2020年6月23日发射卫星。故选D。
10.【2020 徐州市】I met Nancy ________my way home yesterday.
A. in B. at C. by D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意:昨天在我回家的路上我碰到南希。考查介词。in在……里面;at在某个具体的点;by通过,靠;on在……上面。此处用on one’s way home表示“在某人回家的路上”,用介词on。in one’s way表示阻碍某人的道;by the way表示顺便说一下。故选D。
11.【2020 江西省】We had an art festival ________ April 20th, 2020.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们在2020年4月20日有一个艺术节。考查时间介词。on其后一般加具体的时间/星期/带day等词的节日;in其后一般加早中晚/季节/月份/年份;at其后一般加点钟/不带day等词的节日;for为了,因为。根据其后所加时间可知,是具体的日期,所以应用on。故选A。
12.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】Don't use your mobile phone when you go ________ the road. It's dangerous.
A. through B. over C. into D. across
【答案】D
【解析】句意:过马路时不要使用手机。这很危险。考查介词辨析。through穿越,横穿,强调在物体内部穿过;over在……上方,强调在物体上方;into进入;across穿过,强调在物体表面穿过。根据语境可知,过马路时不要使用手机,故应用介词across,即go across表示“穿过马路表面”。故选D。
13.【2020 青海省】Cookies are just the thing to serve ________ tall glasses of real lemon juice.
A. at B. in C. with
【答案】C
【解析】句意:曲奇就应该搭配高脚杯的天然柠檬汁一起享用。考查介词辨析。at在……;in在……里;with和……一起。根据空后“tall glasses of real lemon juice”可知此处是说曲奇和高脚杯装着天然柠檬汁一起享用,用with符合题意。故选C。
14.【2020 青海省】—Xining is getting more and more beautiful.
—Oh, yes. I think more changes are ________.
A. on the radio B. in the end C. on the way
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——西宁变得越来越美丽。——哦,是的。我相信更多的变化正在路上。考查介词短语。on the radio在广播中;in the end终于,最后;on the way在路上。根据题干中“Xining is getting more and more beautiful.”讲西宁变得越来越美丽,可推出此处是说更多变化正在发生,即“在路上”。故选C。
15.【2020 青岛市】You'd better not hang out after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you.
A. by B. with C. without D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在没有告知你父母的情况下,你最好不要放学以后闲逛,他们可能会担心你。考查介词辨析。by通过;with有;without没有;after在……之后。根据题干中“They may worry about you.”讲到父母可能会担心你,由此推出要用一个表示否定含义的介词,表示“没有告知父母”,用without符合题意。故选C。
16.【2020 山西省】As students, we're supposed to go to the museum often. We can get more knowledge from the things ________.
A. on show B. on sale C. on land
【答案】A
【解析】句意:作为学生,我们应该经常去博物馆。 我们可以通过展览的东西获得更多的知识。考查介词短语。on show展览;on sale减价出售;on land在陆地上。根据前面的the things可知,空处是介词短语作后置定语用;根据前面的“go to the museum去博物馆”及“get more knowledge获得更多的知识”可知,此处是说被“展览”的东西。故选A。
17.【2020 云南省】In the last few months the teachers have given lessons ________ the Internet as webcasts(主播).
A. for B. at C. in D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在过去几个月里,老师们在网上以主播的形式授课。考查介词辨析。for为了;at在;in在……里面;on在……上面。根据语境可知,老师在网上以主播的形式授课,on the Internet在网上,固定搭配。故选D。
18.【2020 昆明市】My hometown, Kunming, is famous ________fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eye.
A. as B. for C. of D. by
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我的家乡昆明以鲜花而闻名。不管你什么时候去,它们都会吸引你的目光。考查介词。as作为;for因为;of……的;by通过。be famous for意为“因……而出名”,for后接出名的原因;be famous as意为“作为……而出名”,as后接某种身份或职业的名词。原句空格后fresh flowers是昆明出名的原因,所以空格处填介词for,故选B。
19.【2020 福建省】The Chinese survey team remeasured(重新测量)Qomolangma successfully ________ May 27, 2020.
A.in B.on C.at
【答案】B
【解析】句意:2020年5月27日,中国考察队成功地对珠穆朗玛峰进行了重新测量。考查介词辨析。in泛指在上午、下午或晚上;在年代、月份、季节前;on在具体某一天;at后跟时间点。空后May 27, 2020是具体的一天,应用on。故选B。
20.【2020 上海市】Mr. Smith always encourages his students to be active________class.
A.in B.by C.with D.from
【答案】A
【解析】句意:史密斯先生总是鼓励他的学生在课堂上积极主动。考查介词辨析。in在……里面;by……被;with带有……;from来自……;根据语境可知此处指在课堂上,英语的表达为in class;故选A。
21.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Some people prefer tea_________ milk. However, I like drinking tea without anything in it.
A. to B. with C. of
【答案】B
【解析】句意:有些人喜欢加牛奶的茶。不过,我喜欢喝茶时不加任何东西。考查介词辨析。to去、到……,表动作的方向;with和……一起,表伴随;of……的,表所属;下文“However, I like drinking tea without anything in it”根据however句意转折,推断空格指加牛奶的茶;故选B。
22.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years.
A.by B.for C.on D.though
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这个古镇已经对游客开放了大约十年。考查介词的用法。by被;for为了;on在上面;though虽然。根据has been可知是现在完成时,for接时间段,10年是个时间段。故选B。
23.【2020 四川攀枝花】—Cindy, it's very nice _____________you to lend me your car. It helps me a lot.
—It's my pleasure.
A.with B.of C.for D.to
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——辛迪,你把车借给我真是太好了。它帮了我很多忙。——这是我的荣幸。
考查介词。with有;of……的;for为了;to朝,向;根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,这里是一个不定式逻辑主语的句型,英语结构是It is adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.,在这个结构中介词用for还是of取决于形容词,如果形容词修饰sth.就用for,而如果形容词修饰sb.就用of,本题中的形容词nice是修饰you,所以应该用介词of,故选B。
24.【2020 天津市】It is going to rain. Take an umbrella ________ you.
A.with B.at C.in D.from
【答案】A
【解析】句意:要下雨了,你带把伞。考查介词。with和;at指具体的点;in在……里面;from从。根据“Take an umbrella”可知此处表示伴随,用介词with。故选A。
25.【2020 湖北省黄石市】More and more people in Huangshi choose to go to work ________bike.
A.in B.with C.on D.by
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在黄石越来越多的人选择骑自行车上班。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面;with和……一起;on在……上面;by通过……方式。根据句意可知,这里表示乘坐交通工具,in和on后跟交通工具时,都应有冠词或限定词;by后不用,故选D。
26.【2020 湖北省十堰市】—I am hungry now. I come to school ______ breakfast this morning.
—You should get up early.
A.of B.to C.at D.without
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——我现在饿了。我今天早上没吃早饭就来上学了。——你应该早点起床。
考查介词辨析。of……的;to到;at在;without没有。根据“I am hungry now”可知,我早上没吃饭就来上学了。故选D。
27.【2020 鄂州市】Although the man is in his eighties, he grows vegetables ________ in his garden.
A. in public B. in person C. in silence D. in fact
【答案】B
【解析】句意:虽然这个人已经80多岁了,但他还是亲自在自己的花园里种菜。
考查介词短语。in public公开地,当众;in person亲自;in silence沉默地;in fact事实上。根据题干中“Although the man is in his eighties”可知这个人已经80岁了,句子前后是让步关系,由此可推出是说亲自在花园里种菜,用in person符合题意。故选B。
28.【2020 武汉市】— Which is your uncle
—The big man, smartly dressed______________ a suit and tie.
A. on B. with C. for D. in
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——哪一个是你的叔叔?——那个高大男人,穿着西装打着领带,很精神。
考查介词辨析。on在……上;with伴随;for为了;in穿着。空格后a suit and tie是指衣物,结合所给选项,只有介词in后面可以接衣物,表示“穿着……”,所以空格处填in。故选D。
29.【2020 咸宁市】—I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.
—You shouldn’t watch TV too much. It’s bad _________ your eyes.
A. on B. in C. for D. with
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——长途旅行后我想看一整天的电视。——你不应该看电视太多。它对你的眼睛有害。考查介词辨析。be bad for有害于,固定短语;根据You shouldn’t watch TV too much.可知看电视太多对眼睛有害,故选C。
30.【2020 宜昌市】—Many people have been back to their work____________ March 5th.
—Cities are brought back to life.
A. for B. in C. since D. during
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——许多人从3月5日起就开始工作了。——城市重新焕发生机。
考查介词。for为了;in在……里面;since自……以来;during在……期间;根据句意理解以及句中的时态是现在完成时可知,这里表达的是“自从三月5号以来”,所以应该用介词since,故选C。
31.【2020 长沙市】A Chinese survey team reached the top of Mount Qomolangma ________ May 27th, 2020, which will improve human knowledge of nature and scientific development.
A. at B. on C. in
【答案】B
【解析】句意:2020年5月27日,一支中国考察队成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰,这将提高人类对自然和科学发展的认识。考查介词辨析。at后面跟具体的时间点;on表示在具体的某一天;in泛指在上午、下午或晚上;在年代、月份、季节前。空后May 27th, 2020是具体的一天,应用介词on。故选B。
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介词考点解析
考点一 表示时间的介词
1.at多用于具体钟点前,如:at seven,at a quarter to one;也可用于固定搭配中,如:at noon,at night。
2.in表示一段时间,用于年、月、世纪、四季或泛指的一天的上午、下午、晚上等前。如:in the twenty-first century在21世纪,in autumn在秋天,in the morning在早上;还可用于表示“从现在起,多长时间以后或多久之后”的短语中。
3.on主要用在星期几、具体某一天或具体某一天的早、中、晚或节日前。如:
on the Mid-Autumn Festival在中秋节
on June 1st 在6月1日
4.since,from和for
介词 含义及用法 例句
since 指从某时一直延续至今,后常接时间点,句子用完成时。 He has lived here since 1993.从1993年开始他一直住在这里。
from 说明开始时间,可用过去、现在、将来的某种时态。 From now on,I will learn English every morning.从今以后,每天早晨我将学英语。
for 指动作延续贯穿整个过程,后接时间段,句子用完成时。 I have studied English for six years.我已经学英语六年了。
5.“by+时间点”表示“到……时为止”,如果by后跟一个过去的时间点,句子应用过去完成时。如:
We had learned 1,000 English words by the end of last term.到上个学期末,我们已经学了1,000个英语单词。
6.“during+时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作。如:
He lives with us during these years.这些年他跟我们一起住。
7.until与否定词连用,意为“直到……才”,其前的谓语动词多用瞬间性动词;until用在肯定句中,意为“直到……为止”,其前的谓语动词需用延续性动词。如:
I didn’t leave until my mother came home.直到我妈妈回家我才离开。
题组训练 用适当的介词填空
①Mother’s Day is     the second Sunday in May.
②We usually get to school     7:40 in the morning.
③Her birthday is     winter, the most beautiful season in a year.
④Uncle Wang has worked in the factory     twenty years.
⑤—How soon will he come back
—   a month.
考点二 表示方位的介词
1.表示方位的in,on和to
in表示在某一地区之内(属于该范围);on表示与某地的毗邻关系;to表示在某一地区之外(不属于该范围)。如:
Fujian Province is in the south-east of China.福建省位于中国的东南部。
China is to the west of Japan.中国在日本的西边。
2.over,above和 on的用法
(1)over 有“正上方”“越过”“覆盖在上面”之意。
There is a bridge over the river.这条河上有一座桥。
(2)above 指在上方,不一定表示正上方。如:
Raise your hands above your head.把你的手举过你的头。
(3)on 指在上面,表示两物体接触。如:
There is a cup on the table.桌子上有一个杯子。
图示记忆 
3.at,in和on的用法
(1)at 与较小的地点连用。如:at the bus stop,at home
(2)in 与较大的地点连用。如:in China,in the world
(3)on 表示在一个平面上。如:on the farm
4.in front of,in the front of和before
(1)in front of 表示“在……的前面”(范围外)。如:There are some trees in front of the classroom.教室前面有一些树。
(2)in the front of 表示“在……的前部”(范围内)。如:
Put the shortest flowers in the front of the bunch.把最短的花放在花束的靠前位置。
(3)before 所表示的位置关系和in front of相同,表示“在……前面”。如:He sits before me.他坐在我前面。
5.below,under
below表示“在……下方或位置低于……”,不一定有垂直在下之意;under 表示“在……正下方”。如:
The coat reaches below the knees.这件外套到了膝盖下面。
He hid under the bed.他藏在床底下。
题组训练 用适当的介词填空
①Li Ming goes to school    his father‘’s car every day.
②Mr. Green is writing     the blackboard.
③They held a large umbrella     her.
④—Can a plane fly     the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes,but it needs to go     the clouds for hours.
⑤You must be careful when you swim     the lake.
考点三 介词的固定搭配
  介词在实际运用中常常和名词、动词、形容词等词类构成固定搭配,这些固定搭配在句子中经常出现。
1.介词与名词的固定搭配
on one’ own独自 
in a word总而言之
in life 一生中 
in time 及时
at sea在海上 
on time准时,按时
in town在城里 
on foot 步行
in English 用英语 
in a low voice 小声地
in the distance 在远处
in public公开地
in the middle of...在……中间
in trouble处于困境
of course当然(可以)
in fact 事实上
in surprise 惊奇地
in a hurry 匆忙,急忙
in the street在街上
by the way顺便说
at the meeting 在会上
in the end 最后
in space 在太空
in order 有序;整齐
2.介词与形容词的固定搭配
careful about 小心
sure about/of肯定
certain about/of 确定
good at 擅长
good for对……有好处
surprised at 对……吃惊
famous/known for因……而出名 
ready for为……做好了准备
late for迟到 
different from与……不同
successful in 在……成功
interested in对……感兴趣
disappointed in对……失望
proud of为……感到骄傲
tired of厌倦 
afraid of害怕
short of短缺 
full of充满
similar to与……相似 
familiar to为……所熟悉
satisfied with对……满意 
busy with忙于
friendly to对……友好 
angry with生……的气
strict with sb.对某人要求严格
3.介词与动词的固定搭配
laugh at 嘲笑 
take part in 参加
think of 想出;想起 
go on with继续
worry about 为……担心 
look after 照顾,照料
look like 看起来像 
look for 寻找
hear from 收到……的来信 
listen to 听
arrive in 到达(大地方)
arrive at 到达(小地方)
get to 到达 wait for 等候
agree with 同意,赞同 
think about 考虑到
catch up with赶上,追上 
come from 来自
pay for 付钱买…… 
shout at 对……叫嚷
talk about 谈论 
play with 与……玩耍
point at 指向 
point to 指出;暗示
hear of 听说 
look forward to 盼望
do well in 在……学/做得好 
fall behind 落后
ask for 要求,请求 
take away拿走,带走
turn...into...把……变成……
help...with...帮助……做……
take/catch hold of抓住 
decide on决定
take care of 照顾 
hand in上交
have nothing to do with与……无关
base on 以……为根据
keep...out of 不让……进入
leave for 离开去(另一个地方)
talk to/with 与……谈话
go in for 爱好,对……感兴趣
look at看 
deal with处理
depend on依靠,依赖;取决于
tie...to...把……系在……上
pass on传递 
smile at对……微笑
believe in信任 
belong to属于
look around向四周看 
write to给……写信
regard...as...把……看作……
二.知识拓展
其他用法
 1.表示运动方向的介词
(1)into, inside, in 从外到内。如:
He went quickly into/inside/in the room.他很快进入到房间里。
(2)on在……表面,onto到……上。如:
A boat is on the river.一条小船在河上。
He jumped onto a tree.他跳上一棵树。
(3)across穿过一平面,through穿过一空间。如:
The boy kicked the ball hard and it moved across the grass.这个男孩用力踢球,球飞过草地。
The train moved fast through the tunnel.
火车飞驶隧道。
 2.on与about的区别
介词 词义 用法
on 关于 侧重论述,多用于比较重大、涉及比较深广诸如国际形势、政治、理论、学术报告、专著等方面的问题
about 关于 侧重于叙事,多用于个人事迹、故事内容、一般的书籍、文章等较浅显的问题
3.between和among的区别
between常指“在……(两者)之间”;among用于指“在……(三者或三者以上的人或物)之间”。如果把三者或三者以上的人或事物分别看待,指每两者之间,也可用between。如:
Maria sits between Lucy and Lily.玛丽亚坐在露西和莉莉之间。
Miss Wang stands among her students.王老师站在她的学生中间。
4.across,through,over和past的区别
across和through都用于表示“穿过”。across着重指从一条直线或一物体表面的一边到另一边,表示游渡、乘船过海或过河时用across;through含有“从……中间穿过”之意。如:
He can swim across the river.他能游过这条河。
She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son.她必须挤过人群才能到她的儿子跟前。
over多指在空间范围上“穿越”,而past指“经过”。如:
The plane flew over a line of mountains in the south-east.飞机从东南方的一座座山上飞过。
They walked past a tall tree.他们从一棵大树旁走过。
5.for,to和towards 的区别
for常用在leave,start后,表示运动的方向或目的。如:
They’ll leave for Beijing to attend a meeting next month.他们下个月将出发去北京参加一个会议。
to 接在go,come,return,move等词之后,表示目的地。如:
When did you return to Guangzhou after the holiday 假期后你何时回广州的
towards意为“朝、向”,只说明运动的方向,没有“到达”的意思。如:
They are running towards the sea.他们跑向大海。
6.after与behind的区别
两个词都有“在……后”之意,behind常表示位置方面的“后”,而after表示时间、次序上的“后”。如:
behind the school,after 5 o’clock,after you
7.in,with和by表示“用”时的区别
in主要表示“用语言、声音等”;with表示“用具体有形的东西”;by表示“用……手段或方式”,后常接动名词。如:
Can you sing this song in English 你能用英语唱这首歌吗
I do my homework with a pen.我用钢笔写作业。
The girl made money by selling flowers.这个女孩通过卖花赚钱。
8.but,besides和except的区别
but表示“除……之外”,常与含否定意义的词连用,当but前有动词do或其相关形式时,but后接动词原形;except表示“除……之外(不再有)”,指从整体中排除except所接的人或物,前面常有all,every,any,no或一些复合词;besides表示“除……之外(还有)”,其前常有other,another,any other,a few等词。如:
We can do nothing but wait.除了等,我们什么也做不了。
All the students went to the zoo except Jim.除了吉姆,所有的学生都去动物园了。
I have a few good friends besides you.除了你之外,我还有几个好朋友。
9.in和after表示时间的区别
(1)in表示以此时此刻为起点的将来的一个时间段之后,常与将来时态的谓语动词连用;对时间状语“in+时间段”(表将来)提问可以用how soon。
注意:in the past意为“在过去”,与过去时连用;in the past/last+时间段,意为“在过去的……中”,表示从现在算起的过去的一段时间,包括此时此刻在内,常与现在完成时连用。如:
In the past few years,great changes have taken place in our school.在过去的几年中,我们学校的变化很大。
(2)“after+时间段”常与过去时连用,“after+时间点”可与将来时连用。
题组训练 根据汉语提示,完成句子
①They will finish the work     an hour.
一小时后他们将完成这项工作。
②   a warm spring afternoon 在一个温暖的春天的下午
③He has studied English    2000.
自从2000年他就开始学英语了。
④Our teacher usually stands       the classroom.
我们的老师通常站在教室前面。
⑤Wine is made     grapes.葡萄酒是用葡萄酿造的。
⑥Clothes are used     keeping us warm.
衣服是用来为我们保暖的。

1.(2021·辽宁大连市·中考真题)I often do volunteer work in the library ________ Sundays.
A.at B.in C.on D.for
2.(2021·广西百色市·中考真题)The Communist Party of China was founded________ July 1st, 1921.
A.in B.on C.at D./
3.(2021·山东临沂市·中考真题)We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternoon.
A.in B.on C.at
4.(2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题)The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A.in B.on C.for D.at
5.(2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题)The Communist Party of China was set up ________ July, 1921 and we will celebrate her 100th birthday this year.
A.on B.at C.in D.by
6.(2021·北京中考真题)Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year.
A.on B.by C.at D.in
7.(2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题)Big sale! We have T-shirts _________white _________only $6.
A.in; for B.of; for C.in; at
8.(2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题)The pink hair band must belong to ________.
A.Linda’s B.Linda C.hers
9.(2021·海南中考真题)Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of china.
A.in B.on C.to
10.(2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题)In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work _________ subway.
A.in B.on C.by
11.(2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题)— Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A.on B.to C.at D.in
12.(2021·青海中考真题)Look! The sun is shining directly into the car. You’d better park it ________ the tree.
A.under B.in front of C.behind
13.(2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题)I often help my parents with housework ______ Sundays.
A.on B.in C.at
14.(2021·江苏南京市·中考真题)We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A.in B.on C.at D.of
15.(2021·天津中考真题)Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A.between B.from C.behind D.among
16.(2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题)China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A.on B.in C.at D.to
17.(2021·四川成都市·中考真题)It is hard for people to move forward with a strong wind ________ hard.
A.blown B.blowing C.to blow
18.(2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题)The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A.in B.at C.on D.around
19.(2021·重庆中考真题)The Tianwen-1 Probe landed on Mars ________ May 15th, 2021.
A.at B.in C.to D.on

1.【2020 贵州黔南州】There is going to be an English movie in our school __________ the evening of June 30.
A. at B. in C. for D. on
2.【2020 海南省】Eight members of a Chinese team arrived _________the top of Mount Qomolangma successfully.
A. in B. at C. to
3.【2020 河北省】When are you arriving I’ll pick you up the station.
A. at B. to C. on D. off
4.【2020 黑龙江绥化】—What time is it —It's half __________ seven.
A. past B. to C. at
5.【2020 江苏省淮安市】When you have joys, you can share them _________ your friends.
A. for B. in C. with D. on
6.【2020 南通市】My uncle’s reviews on the four great classical Chinese novels may be published ________ the summer of 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
7.【2020 盐城市】Yancheng is the only city China to be named after salt.
A. at B. on C. in D. with
8.【2020 扬州市】Han clothing is becoming more popular ________ young people.
A. over B. among C. between D. about
9.【2020 镇江市】China sent up the final satellite of Beidou Navigation Satellite System(北斗卫星导航系统) from Xichang Satellite Center___________ June 23,2020.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
10.【2020 徐州市】I met Nancy ________my way home yesterday.
A. in B. at C. by D. on
11.【2020 江西省】We had an art festival ________ April 20th, 2020.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
12.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】Don't use your mobile phone when you go ________ the road. It's dangerous.
A. through B. over C. into D. across
13.【2020 青海省】Cookies are just the thing to serve ________ tall glasses of real lemon juice.
A. at B. in C. with
14.【2020 青海省】—Xining is getting more and more beautiful.
—Oh, yes. I think more changes are ________.
A. on the radio B. in the end C. on the way
15.【2020 青岛市】You'd better not hang out after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you.
A. by B. with C. without D. after
16.【2020 山西省】As students, we're supposed to go to the museum often. We can get more knowledge from the things ________.
A. on show B. on sale C. on land
17.【2020 云南省】In the last few months the teachers have given lessons ________ the Internet as webcasts(主播).
A. for B. at C. in D. on
18.【2020 昆明市】My hometown, Kunming, is famous ________fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eye.
A. as B. for C. of D. by
19.【2020 福建省】The Chinese survey team remeasured(重新测量)Qomolangma successfully ________ May 27, 2020.
A.in B.on C.at
20.【2020 上海市】Mr. Smith always encourages his students to be active________class.
A.in B.by C.with D.from
21.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Some people prefer tea_________ milk. However, I like drinking tea without anything in it.
A. to B. with C. of
22.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years.
A.by B.for C.on D.though
23.【2020 四川攀枝花】—Cindy, it's very nice _____________you to lend me your car. It helps me a lot.
—It's my pleasure.
A.with B.of C.for D.to
24.【2020 天津市】It is going to rain. Take an umbrella ________ you.
A.with B.at C.in D.from
25.【2020 湖北省黄石市】More and more people in Huangshi choose to go to work ________bike.
A.in B.with C.on D.by
26.【2020 湖北省十堰市】—I am hungry now. I come to school ______ breakfast this morning.
—You should get up early.
A.of B.to C.at D.without
27.【2020 鄂州市】Although the man is in his eighties, he grows vegetables ________ in his garden.
A. in public B. in person C. in silence D. in fact
28.【2020 武汉市】— Which is your uncle
—The big man, smartly dressed______________ a suit and tie.
A. on B. with C. for D. in
29.【2020 咸宁市】—I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.
—You shouldn’t watch TV too much. It’s bad _________ your eyes.
A. on B. in C. for D. with
30.【2020 宜昌市】—Many people have been back to their work____________ March 5th.
—Cities are brought back to life.
A. for B. in C. since D. during
31.【2020 长沙市】A Chinese survey team reached the top of Mount Qomolangma ________ May 27th, 2020, which will improve human knowledge of nature and scientific development.
A. at B. on C. in
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