中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
形容词和副词考点解析
考点一 形容词词义辨析
-ing形容词和-ed形容词
-ing形容词 -ed形容词 例句
surprising令人惊讶的 surprised感到惊讶的 This is a surprising story.I am surprised at the news.
interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的 I have an interesting book.He is interested in science.
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的 Have you heard of the exciting news We are excited about the traveling.
pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快/满意的 This is a pleasing trip.The teacher is pleased with our performance.
frightening令人恐惧的 frightened感到恐惧的 This is a frightening story.We are frightened of the ghost.
moving令人感动的 moved受感动的 Titanic is a moving film.We are moved by Hong Zhanhui deeply.
tiring令人疲倦的 tired感到疲倦的 It’s a long tiring day.I’m too tired.
fascinating迷人的 fascinated着迷的 What a fascinating voice!Many boys are fascinated by computer games.
特点:表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物 特点:表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受,一般修饰人,常用于“sb.+be+-ed形容词+介词”结构 We are all interested in the interesting story.
考点二 其他用法
一、常见名词变形容词的方法
名词 构成方法 意义 举例
表示天气的名词 -y 充满……的多……的 cloud—cloudywind—windy
表示方位的名词 -ern ……方位的朝……方的 west—westerneast—eastern
表示称谓的名词 -ly ……般的 friend—friendlymother—motherly
表示时间的名词 -ly 每……的 week—weeklymonth—monthly
表示物质的名词 -en ……制成的 wood—woodengold—golden
表抽象意义的名词 -ful-y-less ……的……的无……的 care—carefuluse—usefulluck—luckyhope—hopelesscare—careless
表示大洲与国家的名词 -n ……的……人的 Asia—AsianAmerica—American
二、形容词的排列顺序
当名词由两个或两个以上的形容词(包括一些具有形容词功能的限定词)修饰时,这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则,一般不得随意调换,也不能依照汉语的意思去排列。通常可按下面的次序排列:
1.限定词,包括:冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。
2.表示观点的描绘性形容词,如:beautiful, fine, interesting等。
3.表示大小、长短、高低等形状的形容词,如:tall, high, small, little, round等。
4.表示年龄、新旧的形容词,如:young, old, new等。
5.表示颜色的形容词,如:black, white, blue等。
6.表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词,如:Japanese, American, English, rural(乡村的)等。
7.形成中心名词的材料的形容词,如:plastic, silky, wooden等。如:
two round blue plastic plates两个圆形的蓝色塑料盘
two big round new Chinese wooden tables两张新的中式的木制大圆桌
三、易混形容语辨析
1.good,well,fine和nice
(1)good是形容词,用作表语和定语,它表示电影、书籍等某种东西的内容好;表示人品好、善良等。如:
This is a good book.这是一本好书。
(2)well兼作形容词和副词,作形容词时,只作表语,指身体健康。如:
—How are you ——你(身体)好吗
—I’m very well. ——我(身体)很好。
(3)fine通常指天气好、气质好等。如:
It’s a fine day today.今天天气晴朗。
(4)nice往往指“令人喜悦的,讨人喜爱的”人、味道、言语、天气等。如:
You look very nice.你很好看。
2.ill和sick
两个词都是“病的,生病的”之意,都可以作表语,但作定语时只能用sick 而不能用ill(ill作定语时表示“坏的”)。如:
The sick man is his uncle.那位病人是他叔叔。
He has been ill for two days.他已经病了两天了。
3.black和dark
都可作形容词,也可作名词,区别为:black的意思是“黑色(的)”,指颜色,其反义词是white;dark的意思“暗、天黑、黑暗”,指无光。如:
The doors are painted black.这些门被漆成黑色。
It is a dark house.这是间黑屋子。
一
1．（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, _____ in Sichuan province.
A．hardly B．nearly C．really D．especially
【答案】D
【详解】句意：布鞋在明代开始流行，尤其是在四川。考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；really真地；especially尤其。分析“Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty…in Sichuan province.”可知，此处表示进一步强调，故选D。
2．（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）No one is _____. The key is to learn from mistakes and never stop.
A．careful B．generous C．famous D．perfect
【答案】D
【详解】句意：人无完人。关键是从错误中学习，永不停止。考查形容词辨析。careful仔细的；generous慷慨的；famous著名的；perfect完美的。根据“The key is to learn from mistakes and never stop”可知，没有一个人是完美的，关键是要从错误中学习，吸取教训，故选D。
3．（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）Huawei Mate 40 is _____ of the three mobile phones.
A．expensive B．more expensive C．the most expensive
【答案】C
【详解】句意：华为Mate 40是三款手机中最贵的。考查形容词最高级。根据“of the three mobile phones”可知，三者之间比较用最高级，故选C。
4．（2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题）— Does the store have good fame
— Yes, the prices here are always very fair. The owner just wants to make a(an) _____ living.
A．honest B．healthy C．relaxing D．exciting
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—这家店名声好吗？—是的，这里的价格总是很公道。业主只是想诚实地谋生。考查形容词辨析。honest诚实的；healthy健康的；relaxing令人放松的；exciting令人激动的；根据“the prices here are always very fair.”可知，老板只想诚实地谋生，故选A。
5．（2021·天津中考真题）It is _____ to say “thank you” very often, even to family members.
A．polite B．rude C．dangerous D．humorous
【答案】A
【详解】句意：经常说“谢谢”是礼貌的表现，即使是对家人。考查形容词辨析。polite礼貌的；rude粗鲁的；dangerous危险的；humorous幽默的。根据“thank you”可知，说“谢谢”是礼貌的，故选A。
6．（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）Peter has _____ memory and often forgets the names of people around him.
A．long B．good C．rich D．poor
【答案】D
【详解】句意：彼得记忆力差，经常忘记周围人的名字。考查形容词辨析。long长的；good好的；rich富有的；poor贫乏的；根据“often forgets the names of people around him”可知，他的记忆力不好，故选D。
7．（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）It’s not _____ to talk with your mouth full.
A．boring B．polite C．terrible D．sleepy
【答案】B
【详解】句意：嘴里塞满东西说话是不礼貌的。考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的；polite礼貌的；terrible糟糕的；sleepy困倦的；根据“talk with your mouth full”及常识可知，满嘴食物说话是不礼貌的，故选B。
8．（2021·江西中考真题）Sue works _____, so she never seems to make mistakes.
A．late B．alone C．happily D．carefully
【答案】D
【详解】句意：Sue工作认真，所以她似乎从来没有犯过错误。考查副词辨析。late晚地；alone独自；happily开心地；carefully认真地。根据“so she never seems to make mistakes”可知，她工作认真，故选D。
9．（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper. How _____ you are!
A．loyal B．creative C．helpful D．organized
【答案】B
【详解】句意：真不敢相信你用纸做了一只栩栩如生的猫。你多么有创造力呀！考查形容词辨析。loyal忠诚的；creative有创造力的；helpful有帮助的；organized有组织的。根据“I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper”可知，感叹对方很有创造力，故选B。
10．（2021·云南中考真题）—I think it is a good way to study English by watching English movies.
—I agree. I find it _____ to improve my listening.
A．harmful B．thankful C．careful D．helpful
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—我认为看英语电影是学习英语的一个好方法。—我同意。我发现它有助于提高我的听力。考查形容词辨析。harmful有害的；thankful感谢的；careful仔细的；helpful有帮助的。根据“I think it is a good way to study English by watching English movies.”可知，看英语电影对听力有帮助，故选D。
11．（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）Susan went into her bedroom and ate chocolate _____, not letting her parents know that.
A．slowly B．calmly C．secretly D．properly
【答案】C
【详解】句意：苏珊不让父母知道，走进自己的卧室偷偷地吃巧克力。考查副词辨析。slowly缓慢地；calmly平静地；secretly秘密地；properly合适地。根据“not letting her parents know that”可知，是秘密地，故选C。
12．（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）Drinking tea is usually seen as a _____ lifestyle in China.
A．strict B．boring C．clean D．healthy
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在中国，喝茶通常被视为一种健康的生活方式。考查形容词辨析。strict严格的；boring无聊的；clean干净的；healthy健康的；根据句意及常识可知，喝茶被认为是健康的生活方式，故选D。
13．（2021·安徽中考真题）The dancing teacher gives us instructions _____ until we are perfect in every move.
A．patiently B．quickly C．bravely D．suddenly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：舞蹈老师耐心地指导我们，直到我们的每一个动作都做到完美。考查副词辨析。patiently耐心地；quickly快速地；bravely勇敢地；suddenly突然。根据“until we are perfect in every move”可知，很有耐心地指导，故选A。
14．（2021·安徽中考真题）—The Chinese language is more and more popular.
—Exactly! It’s becoming a _____ language skill in the international community.
A．similar B．difficult C．necessary D．traditional
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—汉语越来越受欢迎。—的确如此！它正在成为国际社会的一种必要的语言技能。考查形容词辨析。similar相似的；difficult困难的；necessary有必要的；traditional传统的。根据“The Chinese language is more and more popular.”可知，汉语是一种必要的语言技能，所以越来越受欢迎，故选C。
15．（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）— How do you like art
—It’s as _____ as other subjects. It can help us develop a sense of beauty.
A．boring B．important C．difficult
【答案】B
【详解】句意：—你觉得艺术怎么样 —它和其他科目一样重要。它能帮助我们培养美感。考查形容词词义辨析。boring无聊的；important重要的；difficult困难的。根据“It can help us develop a sense of
beauty.”可知，此处是指和其他科目一样重要，故选B。
二
1.【2020 甘肃武威市 】After months of looking he ________ found a job. That made him quite happy.
A. hardly B. quickly C. finally D. sadly
【答案】C
【解析】句意：经过几个月的寻找，他终于找到了一份工作。这让他很高兴。考查副词辨析。hardly费力地；quickly快速地；finally最终；sadly悲伤地。根据“After months of looking”可知，经过几个月的寻找，他终于找到了一份工作，故此处应为副词finally。故选C。
2.【2020 贵州黔南州 】The man in blue is __________ old to finish the difficult task in such a short time.
A. too B. very C. so D. such
【答案】A
【解析】句意：穿蓝色衣服的那个男人太老了，不能在这么短的时间里完成这个艰巨的任务。考查副词辨析。too太；very很，非常；so如此，修饰形容词或副词；such如此，修饰名词。根据句子结构可知，该句中使用了句型“too+形容词+to do sth.”表示“太……以至于不能……”，故选A。
3.【2020 海南省】Uncle Liang has a great collection of _________watches.
A. enjoyable B. valuable C. comfortable
【答案】B
【解析】句意：梁叔叔收藏了很多名表。本题考查形容词。enjoyable令人愉快的，valuable有价值的，贵重的，comfortable舒适的。根据has a great collection可知，收藏的东西，应是有价值的东西。故选B。
4.【2020 海南省】Although it is raining _________, the policemen are still on duty in the street.
A. clearly B. directly C. heavily
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管雨下得很大，警察们仍在街上执勤。考查副词辨析。clearly清晰地；directly直接地；heavily很重地，大量地。根据语境可知，尽管雨下得很大，警察们仍在执勤。形容雨下得很大，应用副词heavily。故选C。
5.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区 】—Mom, my little sister is crying all the time.
—Mary, be ________! She feels sick. You should take good care of her.
A. patient B. quiet C. honest
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我妹妹一直在哭。——玛丽，耐心一些。她不舒服，你应该照顾她。考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；quiet安静的；honest诚实的。根据题干中“Mom, my little sister is crying all the time.”Mary向妈妈抱怨妹妹一直哭，可推出妈妈会劝她“耐心一些”，用patient符合题意。故选A。
6.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区 】—Can you catch what I said
—Sorry, I can ________ understand you.
A. mostly B. nearly C. hardly
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你能听懂我说的话吗？——对不起，我几乎不明白。考查副词辨析。mostly主要地；nearly几乎；hardly几乎不。根据答句中“Sorry”可知此处表示听不明白，用表示否定含义的副词hardly。故选B。
7.【2020 黑龙江绥化】Listen to me __________, or you can't follow me.
A. care B. careful C. carefully
【答案】C
【解析】句意：仔细听我说，否则你跟不上我。考查副词辨析。care照料，名词；careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词。根据句子结构，空格处修饰动词listen，所以用副词，故空格处填carefully。故选C。
8.【2020 江苏省淮安市】—Peter, have you heard of the song Let it go
—Yes, it sounds _________ and it's popular among young people.
A. nice B. bad C. terrible D. strange
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——彼得，你听过歌曲《Let it go》么 ——是的，它听起来很棒，在年轻人中很流行。
考查形容词。nice好的；bad坏的；terrible糟糕的；strange奇怪的。根据“it's popular among young people”可知此处用褒义的形容词，用形容词nice表示“听起来不错”。故选A。
9.【2020 南通市】David is crazy about Chinese history. He _______ visits the museums first wherever he travels in China.
A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always
【答案】D
【解析】句意：David对中国历史很着迷。无论他在中国哪里旅行，他总是先参观博物馆。考查副词辨析。never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；always总是。根据David is crazy about Chinese history. David对中国历史很着迷，可知他无论在中国哪里旅行，应该总是先参观博物馆，所以always符合题意，其它选项均语意不通，故答案选D。
10.【2020 江苏泰州市】It’s a________ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).
A. cheerful B. classical C. creative D. curious
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在新冠肺炎期间建立方舱医院以接收病人是一个有创造性的想法。考查形容词。cheerful 开心的；classical 经典的；creative 有创造性的；curious 焦急的。根据语境和常识，可知建立方舱医院这个举动前无古人，是非常有创造性的。故选C。
11.【2020 无锡市】Cheer up, son! You have friends here. You’re not ________.
A. alone B. awake C. afraid D. asleep
【答案】A
【解析】句意：振作起来，儿子！你在这里有朋友，你并不孤单。考查形容词辨析。alone独自的、孤独的；awake醒着的；afraid害怕的；asleep睡着的。根据You have friends here.可知你这里有朋友们，所以应该是不孤单的，故答案选A。
12.【2020 无锡市 】—Look, Grandma! ________ click on this icon, and then you can talk to the doctor.
—So easy Do I need a special number or something
A. Simple B. Simply C. Easy D. Easily
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——看，奶奶！只要点击这个图标，然后你就可以和医生说话了。——这么简单？我需要一个特别的号码还是什么？考查副词辨析。simple简单的；simply仅仅，只要；easy容易的；easily容易地。句中click on this icon是祈使句，句式结构完整，所以此处可以使用副词修饰整个句子，所以排除A和C；根据句中“So easy ”可知，此处使用simply，表示“只要点击这个图标，然后你就可以和医生说话了，和医生说话真的很简单”。故选B。
13．【2020 徐州市】My grandma is a really nice person — one of________ people I know.
A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我的祖母是一个非常好的人——我认识的人中最好的人之一。本题考查形容词。nice好的，是形容词的原级；nicer更好的，是形容词的比较级；nicest最好的，是形容词的最高级；the nicest最好的，是定冠词the加形容词nice的最高级，one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最......的......之一”，故选D。
考点二 形容词的比较等级
一、形容词比较等级的构成
1.规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般直接加-er,-est longtall longertaller longesttallest
以不发音的e 结尾时加-r,-st latelarge laterlarger latestlargest
以辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i,再加-er,-est easyhappy easierhappier easiesthappiest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写最后的辅音字母,再加-er,-est bighot biggerhotter biggesthottest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more,most careful more careful mostcareful
beautiful morebeautiful most beautiful
2.不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/ill worse worst
little less least
far farther(较远)further(进一步) farthest(最远)furthest(最大限度)
old older(年纪较大的)elder(较年长的) oldest(年纪最大的)eldest(最年长的)
二、形容词原级的用法
1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。如:
The flowers in the garden are beautiful.花园里的花很漂亮。
2.表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。如:
The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。
3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
(1)肯定句中的结构:“A
+as+形容词原级+as+B”。如:
English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。
(2)否定句中的结构:“A...+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”。如:
This book isn’t so new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。
否定句的结构中部分双音节和多音节形容词除使用“not...as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外,还可使用“less+形容词原级+than”结构。如:
He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.他认为汉语没有英语有趣。
(3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A...+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构(一倍:once,两倍:twice,三倍及以上:基数词+times)。如:
Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
(4)half as+形容词原级+as表示“……是……的一半”。如:
Her room is half as big as yours.她的房间是你房间的一半大。
三、形容词比较级的用法
1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为“A+be+比较级+than+B”。如:
Lily’s room is bigger than mine.莉莉的房间比我的大。
注意:为了避免重复,在从句中常用the one,that,those等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the one代替可数名词单数形式,the ones或those代替可数名词复数形式,that代替单数名词或不可数名词。如:
The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter.冬天,天津的天气比广州的冷。
2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a great deal,a lot,much,even,still,far,any等修饰形容词时,该形容词可以用比较级。如:
It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。
3.表示两者之间进行选择,“哪一个更……”时,用句型“Which/Who+be+形容词比较级,A or B ”表示。如:
Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao 谁比较高,李明还是王涛
4.表示“几倍……”时,用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。如:
Your room is three times bigger than mine.你的房间比我的大两倍。
5.表示“两者之间比较……的一个”时,常用“主语+be+the+比较级+of the two...”结构。如:
Mary is the taller of the twins.玛丽是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
6.表示“越来越……”时用“比较级+and+比较级”,当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时,用“more and more+形容词原级”。如:
It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和了。
7.表示“越……,越……”时,用“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构。如:
The more,the better.越多越好。
二．知识拓展
8.farther和further
far的比较级 含义及用法 例句
farther 在谈论地点、方向或距离时,farther和further可以互换 A table stood at the farther/further end of the kitchen.厨房的那一头放着一张桌子。
further further还有“更多的,更进一步的,附加的”等含义,这时不能与farther互换使用 We must get further information.我们必须获得更多信息。
9.older和elder
(1)old的比较级是older和elder。older常用于比较的句型中,表示“较老的,较旧的,年纪较大的”。elder主要用来表示兄弟姐妹或子女的长幼关系,意为“年长的”。如:
Your bike is older than mine.你的自行车比我的旧。
He’s older than you.他年龄比你大。
He’s my elder brother.他是我哥哥。
(2)elder除指家庭成员外,也可以指其他人,意思是“资格老的”。如:
He is an elder teacher.他是个资格较老的教师。
10.在同一范围内比较时,必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外。如:
China is larger than any other country in Asia.
中国比亚洲其他任何一个国家都大。(在同一范围内,只能和其他对象进行比较)
China is larger than any country in Africa.
中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。(在不同范围内,可以和其中任意一个对象进行比较)
11.某些形容词说明事物间的关系,如方位、时间、用途等,没有比较级的变化,如same,different,southern,northern,Chinese,Japanese等。如:
My answer is different from yours.我的答案和你的不一样。
四、形容词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词最高级前常加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。如:
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。
例 Molly is girl of the three.
A.most outgoing B.more outgoing
C.the most outgoing D.outgoing
答案 C
思路点拨 首先由四个选项可知此题考查形容词的比较等级结构;然后根据标志词of+名词可确定此处应用形容词的最高级形式,最后根据outgoing这个多音节词的最高级形式及其前需加the的规定选出答案。
2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用“Which/Who is+the+最高级,A,B or C ”结构。如:
Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou 哪座城市最漂亮,北京、上海还是福州
3.表示“最……的……之一”时,用“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。如:
Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示“第几最……”。如:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不能再用定冠词。如:
This is our best lesson today.这是我们今天最好的一节课。
6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。如:
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是他班上最高的学生。
=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.李雷比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.李雷比他班上其他所有的学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.李雷比他班上其他任何人都高。
=No one is taller than Li Lei in his class.在班里没有人比李雷高。
=Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class.李雷比班里其他任何学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the rest of the students in his class.李雷比他班里其余的学生都高。
题组训练 根据汉语提示完成句子
①There is nothing important in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。
②His idea sounds great .他的主意听起来很棒。
③He is as tall as his father.他和他的父亲一样高。
④The film is too boring .这部电影太无聊了。
⑤It is even colder today.今天甚至更冷了。
⑥Suzhou is becoming more and more beautiful .苏州变得越来越美丽。
⑦This picture is the best of all.这幅画是所有的画中最好的。
⑧She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。
一
1．（2021·青海中考真题）—Chinese government has controlled COVID-19 _____ .
—I think so. China is the only country that allows millions of people traveling around during holidays.
A．successful B．more successfully C．most successfully
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—中国政府控制新冠肺炎疫情最成功。—我也这么认为。中国是唯一一个允许数百万人在节假日出游的国家。考查副词最高级。根据“China is the only country…”可知，此处暗含与世界其他国家的比较，用最高级，故选C。
2．（2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题）Running is one of _____ sports in China.
A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular
【答案】C
【详解】句意：跑步是中国最受欢迎的运动之一。考查最高级。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，是固定结构，故选C。
3．（2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州·中考真题）People in the rural areas live a _____ life with the care of the government.
A．happier and happier B．poorer and poorer C．more and more happily
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在政府的关怀下，农村人民生活得越来越幸福。考查比较级。“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。happier and happier越来越幸福，形容词比较级；poorer and poorer越来越贫穷，形容词比较级；more and more happily越来越幸福，副词比较级。根据“live a...life”可知，空处应填入形容词修饰名词，排除C选项；又由“with the care of the government”可知，此处表示人民过得越来越幸福。故选A。
4．（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）A mobile phone with 5G can send videos much _____ than the one with 4G.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest
【答案】B
【详解】句意：使用5G的手机发送视频的速度比使用4G的手机快得多。考查副词比较级。fast快地，副词原级；faster更快地，副词比较级；fastest更快地，副词更高级。根据“much”及“than”可知，此空应填比较级，故选B。
5．（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）I can’t keep up with him, he runs_____ than me.
A．much faster B．even worse
C．less carefully D．more carefully
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我跟不上他，他跑得比我快多了。考查副词辨析和副词比较级。much faster更快；even worse更糟糕；less carefully更不细心；more carefully更细心。根据“I can’t keep up with him”可知，他跑得更快，所以跟不上，故选A。
6．（2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题）—After Start of Spring, everything turns green in China.
—Yes. People clearly see that the daytime is becoming _____ and the weather is becoming _____.
A．shorter; warmer B．longer; cooler C．longer; warmer
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—立春之后，中国的一切都变绿了。—是的。人们明显地觉察到白天变长了，天气也变暖了。考查形容词辨析和常识。short短的；long长的；warm温暖的；cool凉爽的。根据常识可知，立春之后，白天变长，天气变暖，故选C。
7．（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）Jogging is _____ than many sports—to start, just get some comfortable sports clothes and good running shoes.
A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest
【答案】B
【详解】句意：慢跑比许多运动都便宜——刚开始的时候，只需要一些舒适的运动服和好的跑鞋。考查形容词比较级。cheap形容词原级；cheaper形容词比较级形式；cheapest形容词最高级形式；the cheapest形容词最高级。根据空后than的提示可知，空处应用比较级形式。故选B。
8．（2021·河北中考真题）—What is the world’s _____ mountain
—Mount Qomolangma.
A．lower B．lowest C．higher D．highest
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—世界上最高的山是什么？—珠穆朗玛峰。考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。low低的；high高的。根据“Mount Qomolangma.”和常识可知，珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山，故选D。
9．（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）— Which country has a _____ population, China or Canada
— China. Canada is a lot _____ crowded than China.
A．bigger; less B．bigger; more C．smaller; less D．smaller; more
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—哪个国家的人口更多，中国还是加拿大？—中国。加拿大比中国人口少很多。考查形容词比较级辨析。bigger更大的；less更少的；more更多的；smaller更小的；根据回答“China.”及常识可知，中国的人口比加拿大的多，第一空用bigger，排除C/D选项；中国的人口比加拿大的人口多，反之，加拿大的人口比中国的少，crowded前应加less构成比较级，表示“前者不如后者”，故选A。
10．（2021·甘肃武威市·中考真题）Don’t keep up with him—he runs _____ than me.
A．much faster B．even worse C．less carefully D．more carefully
【答案】A
【详解】句意：别跟上他，他跑得比我快得多。考查比较级辨析。much faster快的多；even worse甚至更糟；less carefully不那么仔细；more carefully更仔细地；根据“runs”可知，修饰“跑”应该是用快慢，故选A。
11．（2021·江西中考真题）— Are you going to the airport by bus
— I’d rather take a taxi. It’s ________.
A．quicker B．cheaper C．the quickest D．the cheapest
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—你要坐公共汽车去机场吗 —我宁愿坐出租车。它更快一些。考查形容词词义辨析及比较级。quicker更快；cheaper更便宜；the quickest最快；the cheapest最便宜。根据句意可知，是“by bus”和“take a taxi”作比较，应用比较级形式；又根据“I’d rather take a taxi.”可知，这里指更快一些，故选A。
12．（2021·云南昆明市·中考真题）It’s unbelievable that mountains can grow. According to a recent survey, Qomolangma has risen _____ than before.
A．low B．lower C．high D．higher
【答案】D
【详解】句意：难以置信的是，山可以生长。根据最近的一项调查，珠穆朗玛峰的海拔比以前更高了。考查副词辨析及副词比较级。low低；high高。根据“It’s unbelievable that mountains can grow.”讲山会生长可知是高了，再由“than before”可知要用high的比较级higher。故选D。
13．（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）The roads are becoming _____ as more people go to work in the morning.
A．wider B．longer C．cleaner D．busier
【答案】D
【详解】句意：由于更多的人早上去上班，道路变得更繁忙。考查形容词辨析。wider更宽的；longer更长的；cleaner更干净的；busier更忙的。根据“as more people go to work in the morning”可知，因为更多的人早上去上班，所以道路更繁忙，故选D。
14．（2021·四川成都市·中考真题）With the help of 5G technology, the apps on the smart phone can provide _____ functions for the users than before.
A．many B．more C．most
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在5G技术的帮助下，智能手机上的应用程序可以为用户提供比以前更多的功能。
考查形容词比较级。many许多；more更多，比较级；most最多，最高级。根据“than before”可知，此处应使用比较级，故选B。
15．（2021·重庆中考真题）High-speed trains are much _____ than traditional ones.
A．fast B．faster C．slow D．slower
【答案】B
【详解】句意：高铁比传统的车快多了。考查形容词辨析和形容词比较级。fast快的，原级；faster更快的，比较级；slow慢的，原级；slower更慢的，比较级。根据“High-speed trains are much…than traditional ones.”结合常识可知，高铁比传统火车快，根据“than”可知，用比较级。故选B。
16．（2021·重庆中考真题）Protecting ourselves is one of _____ things we must do.
A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important
【答案】D
【详解】句意：保护自己是我们必须做的最重要的事情之一。考查形容词最高级。此处构成“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故选D。
17．（2021·四川泸州市·中考真题）—Fishing is one of _____ activities among many people.
—Yes. But now it’s not allowed to fish in the Yangtze River as well as other rivers.
A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—钓鱼是最受许多人欢迎的活动之一。—是的。但现在长江和其他河流都不允许钓鱼。
考查形容词的最高级。根据“Fishing is one of ... activities among many people.”可知，空格处表达“最受欢迎”的活动之一，one of the +最高级+名词复数，译为“最……的之一”。故选D。
18．（2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—What’s _____ mountain in the world
—Qomolangma. It is 8848. 86 meters high according to the latest report.
A．higher B．highest C．the highest D．high
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—世界上最高的山是什么？—珠穆朗玛峰。据最新报道，它的高度为8848.86米。考查最高级。根据“in the world”及语境可知，此处应用最高级形式，形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the，
故选C。
二
1.【2020 甘肃武威市】.It was a hundred times ________ than I'd expected.
A. fun B. more fun C. the most fun D. funny
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这比我预想的要有趣一百倍。考查比较级。fun有趣的，原级；more fun更有趣，比较级；the most fun最有趣，最高级；funny有趣的，原级。根据句中than可知，本句为比较级句式，即这比我预想的要更有趣，故此处应为比较级more fun。故选B。
2.【2020 贵州黔南州 】Cindy, you sing the English song __________ among all the singers. Congratulations!
A. better B. best C. beautifully D. most beautiful
【答案】B
【解析】句意：Cindy，在所有的歌手中，你唱这首英语歌唱得最好。祝贺你！考查副词最高级。better是good和well的比较级形式；best是good和well的最高级形式；beautifully美妙地，副词；most beautiful最美妙的，形容词最高级形式。根据句中“among all the singers”可知，这里表示在三者以上的范围中比较，应用最高级，排除A和C；并且结合句子结构，该空修饰动词sing，应用副词形式，D选项是形容词最高级，故选B。
3.【2020 河北省】Helen is the person in her family. Her two elder sisters are both married.
A. older B. oldest C. younger D. youngest
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Helen是她家里最年幼的人，她的两个姐姐都结婚了。考查形容词的最高级。old年纪大的；young年幼的。根据题干中“in her family”可知是最高级，又根据“her two elder sisters”指的是她的两个姐姐，由此可知她是最年幼的。故选D。
4.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】In my opinion, Chinese is ________ any other language in the world because Chinese has the most number of speakers.
A. as important as B. more important than C. the most important
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在我看来，中文比其他任何语言都重要，因为说中文的人是最多的。考查形容词比较级的固定用法。as important as和……一样重要；more important than比……更重要；the most important最重要。本句为“比较级+than+any other+名词”句式，表比任何一个都……。根据句子结构，空格处要填形容词比较级+than，important是多音节词，比较级在词前加more，所以是more important than。故选B。
5.【2020 黑龙江绥化 】I think Mark is __________ of all the boys in our class.
A. most outgoing B. more outgoing C. the most outgoing
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我认为Mark是我们班所有男孩中最外向的。考查形容词的最高级。most outgoing最外向的，最高级，前面需要加定冠词the；more outgoing更外向的，比较级；the most outgoing最外向的，最高级。根据in our class，可知要用最高级形式，最高级前面要加the，而且outgoing 是多音节词，它的最高级在前面加most；故答案选C。
6.【2020 吉林省】—Who is the_____________ runner, Mike or Sam
—Mike is. He is good at running.
A. faster B. slower C. weaker
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——谁跑得快，迈克还萨姆？——迈克，他擅长跑步。考查形容词的比较级。faster更快的；slower更慢的；weaker更弱的。根据“He is good at running”迈克擅长跑步，可知此处表达“更快的”，用faster。故选A。
7.【2020 南通市】Compared with a 1-day weekend, a 2-day weekend is _______ as we may have enough time for our hobbies.
A. more pleasant B. less pleasant
C. the most pleasant D. the least pleasant
【答案】A
【解析】句意：与一天的周末相比，两天的周末更令人愉快，因为我们可能有足够的时间来投入我们的爱好。考查形容词比较级。A. more pleasant更愉快的，比较级形式；B. less pleasant更不愉快的，比较级形式；C. the most pleasant最愉快的，最高级形式；D. the least pleasant最不愉快的，最高级形式。根据句中Compared with a 1-day weekend提示，此处存在比较关系，故应用pleasant的比较级形式，C、D选项可排除。根据句中as we may have enough time for our hobbies可知，有更多的时间花在爱好上自然是一件愉快的事情，故选A。
8.【2020 无锡市】—How is your cold, Tom Did you take the medicine
—Yes, three times a day. But it’s getting ________, I suppose. I have a headache today.
A. worse B. worst C. better D. best
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——汤姆，你的感冒怎样了？你吃药了么？——是的，一天三次。但是我认为变得更糟了。今天我头疼了。考查形容词的比较级。worse更糟；worst最糟；better更好；best最好。根据“I have a headache today.”可知情况变得更糟糕了，用比较级worse。故选A。
9.【2020 江西省 】I’m pretty good at tennis. Actually, I’m probably ________ in the club.
A. worse B. good C. better D. the best
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我很擅长网球，事实上，我可能是俱乐部里最好的。考查形容词最高级。worse更糟的；good好的；better更好的；the best最好的。根据“pretty good at tennis”以及“in the club”可知此处表示的是最高级“最好的”，用the best。故选D。
10.【2020 辽宁丹东】Amy has read many history books, so she learns history________ of all the subjects.
A. well B. bad C. best D. worst
【答案】C
【解析】句意：艾米读过很多历史书，所以她在所有科目中历史学得最好。考查副词最高级。well好地，副词原级；bad坏的，形容词原级；best最好，形容词/副词最高级；worst最坏，形容词/副词最高级。根据句中所给范围“of all the subjects”可知，是三者以上比较，应使用最高级；又根据前半句“Amy has read many history books”可知，艾米读过很多历史书，所以应该是学得好。故选C。
11.【2020 辽宁锦州】—You have made great progress on your study.
—Thank you. I believe ________ you work, the better grades you will get.
A. the more careless B. the more careful C. the worse D. the harder
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你在学习上取得了很大的进步。——谢谢。我相信你学习越努力，你的成绩就会越好。
考查副词比较级。more careless更不小心的；more careful更加小心的；worse更糟糕；harder更努力。根据题干中“I believe ________ you work, the better grades you will get.”，结合选项可知要用“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……就越……”。修饰work要用副词的比较级，排除AB；再由常识可得知学习越努力成绩就越好，用the harder符合题意。故选D。
12.【2020 沈阳市 】.Emma loves animals and looks after her pet dog ________ than her friends.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
【答案】B
【解析】句意：爱玛喜欢动物，照顾她的宠物狗比她的朋友更仔细。考查副词的比较级。carefully细心；more carefully更细心；most carefully最细心；the most carefully是the+最高级的结构。根据than her friends可知此处是爱玛照顾狗和她的朋友照顾狗的比较，用副词的比较级more carefully。故选B。
13.【2020 青海省 】—She was the best seller in the company and her boss gave her a special ten-day holiday.
—That’s so cool. She sold out ________ products than any others last year.
A. the most B. more C. fewer
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——她是公司的最佳销售员，她的老板给了她十天的特别假期。——这太酷了。去年她售出的产品比任何人都多。考查形容词比较级。the most最多的，形容词最高级；more更多的，形容词比较级；fewer更少的，形容词比较级。根据题干中“She was the best seller in the company”可知她售出的产品多，排除C项；结合题干中“She sold out ____ products than any others last year.”可知此处用“比较级+than any others”结构，表示她卖的产品比任何人都多，用more符合题意。故选B。
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形容词和副词考点解析
考点一 形容词词义辨析
-ing形容词和-ed形容词
-ing形容词 -ed形容词 例句
surprising令人惊讶的 surprised感到惊讶的 This is a surprising story.I am surprised at the news.
interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的 I have an interesting book.He is interested in science.
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的 Have you heard of the exciting news We are excited about the traveling.
pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快/满意的 This is a pleasing trip.The teacher is pleased with our performance.
frightening令人恐惧的 frightened感到恐惧的 This is a frightening story.We are frightened of the ghost.
moving令人感动的 moved受感动的 Titanic is a moving film.We are moved by Hong Zhanhui deeply.
tiring令人疲倦的 tired感到疲倦的 It’s a long tiring day.I’m too tired.
fascinating迷人的 fascinated着迷的 What a fascinating voice!Many boys are fascinated by computer games.
特点:表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物 特点:表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受,一般修饰人,常用于“sb.+be+-ed形容词+介词”结构 We are all interested in the interesting story.
考点二 其他用法
一、常见名词变形容词的方法
名词 构成方法 意义 举例
表示天气的名词 -y 充满……的多……的 cloud—cloudywind—windy
表示方位的名词 -ern ……方位的朝……方的 west—westerneast—eastern
表示称谓的名词 -ly ……般的 friend—friendlymother—motherly
表示时间的名词 -ly 每……的 week—weeklymonth—monthly
表示物质的名词 -en ……制成的 wood—woodengold—golden
表抽象意义的名词 -ful-y-less ……的……的无……的 care—carefuluse—usefulluck—luckyhope—hopelesscare—careless
表示大洲与国家的名词 -n ……的……人的 Asia—AsianAmerica—American
二、形容词的排列顺序
当名词由两个或两个以上的形容词(包括一些具有形容词功能的限定词)修饰时,这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则,一般不得随意调换,也不能依照汉语的意思去排列。通常可按下面的次序排列:
1.限定词,包括:冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。
2.表示观点的描绘性形容词,如:beautiful, fine, interesting等。
3.表示大小、长短、高低等形状的形容词,如:tall, high, small, little, round等。
4.表示年龄、新旧的形容词,如:young, old, new等。
5.表示颜色的形容词,如:black, white, blue等。
6.表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词,如:Japanese, American, English, rural(乡村的)等。
7.形成中心名词的材料的形容词,如:plastic, silky, wooden等。如:
two round blue plastic plates两个圆形的蓝色塑料盘
two big round new Chinese wooden tables两张新的中式的木制大圆桌
三、易混形容语辨析
1.good,well,fine和nice
(1)good是形容词,用作表语和定语,它表示电影、书籍等某种东西的内容好;表示人品好、善良等。如:
This is a good book.这是一本好书。
(2)well兼作形容词和副词,作形容词时,只作表语,指身体健康。如:
—How are you ——你(身体)好吗
—I’m very well. ——我(身体)很好。
(3)fine通常指天气好、气质好等。如:
It’s a fine day today.今天天气晴朗。
(4)nice往往指“令人喜悦的,讨人喜爱的”人、味道、言语、天气等。如:
You look very nice.你很好看。
2.ill和sick
两个词都是“病的,生病的”之意,都可以作表语,但作定语时只能用sick 而不能用ill(ill作定语时表示“坏的”)。如:
The sick man is his uncle.那位病人是他叔叔。
He has been ill for two days.他已经病了两天了。
3.black和dark
都可作形容词,也可作名词,区别为:black的意思是“黑色(的)”,指颜色,其反义词是white;dark的意思“暗、天黑、黑暗”,指无光。如:
The doors are painted black.这些门被漆成黑色。
It is a dark house.这是间黑屋子。
一
1．（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, _____ in Sichuan province.
A．hardly B．nearly C．really D．especially
2．（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）No one is _____. The key is to learn from mistakes and never stop.
A．careful B．generous C．famous D．perfect
3．（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）Huawei Mate 40 is _____ of the three mobile phones.
A．expensive B．more expensive C．the most expensive
4．（2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题）— Does the store have good fame
— Yes, the prices here are always very fair. The owner just wants to make a(an) _____ living.
A．honest B．healthy C．relaxing D．exciting
5．（2021·天津中考真题）It is _____ to say “thank you” very often, even to family members.
A．polite B．rude C．dangerous D．humorous
6．（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）Peter has _____ memory and often forgets the names of people around him.
A．long B．good C．rich D．poor
7．（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）It’s not _____ to talk with your mouth full.
A．boring B．polite C．terrible D．sleepy
8．（2021·江西中考真题）Sue works _____, so she never seems to make mistakes.
A．late B．alone C．happily D．carefully
9．（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper. How _____ you are!
A．loyal B．creative C．helpful D．organized
10．（2021·云南中考真题）—I think it is a good way to study English by watching English movies.
—I agree. I find it _____ to improve my listening.
A．harmful B．thankful C．careful D．helpful
11．（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）Susan went into her bedroom and ate chocolate _____, not letting her parents know that.
A．slowly B．calmly C．secretly D．properly
12．（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）Drinking tea is usually seen as a _____ lifestyle in China.
A．strict B．boring C．clean D．healthy
13．（2021·安徽中考真题）The dancing teacher gives us instructions _____ until we are perfect in every move.
A．patiently B．quickly C．bravely D．suddenly
14．（2021·安徽中考真题）—The Chinese language is more and more popular.
—Exactly! It’s becoming a _____ language skill in the international community.
A．similar B．difficult C．necessary D．traditional
15．（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）— How do you like art
—It’s as _____ as other subjects. It can help us develop a sense of beauty.
A．boring B．important C．difficult
二
1.【2020 甘肃武威市 】After months of looking he ________ found a job. That made him quite happy.
A. hardly B. quickly C. finally D. sadly
2.【2020 贵州黔南州 】The man in blue is __________ old to finish the difficult task in such a short time.
A. too B. very C. so D. such
3.【2020 海南省】Uncle Liang has a great collection of _________watches.
A. enjoyable B. valuable C. comfortable
4.【2020 海南省】Although it is raining _________, the policemen are still on duty in the street.
A. clearly B. directly C. heavily
5.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区 】—Mom, my little sister is crying all the time.
—Mary, be ________! She feels sick. You should take good care of her.
A. patient B. quiet C. honest
6.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区 】—Can you catch what I said
—Sorry, I can ________ understand you.
A. mostly B. nearly C. hardly
7.【2020 黑龙江绥化】Listen to me __________, or you can't follow me.
A. care B. careful C. carefully
8.【2020 江苏省淮安市】—Peter, have you heard of the song Let it go
—Yes, it sounds _________ and it's popular among young people.
A. nice B. bad C. terrible D. strange
9.【2020 南通市】David is crazy about Chinese history. He _______ visits the museums first wherever he travels in China.
A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always
10.【2020 江苏泰州市】It’s a________ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).
A. cheerful B. classical C. creative D. curious
11.【2020 无锡市】Cheer up, son! You have friends here. You’re not ________.
A. alone B. awake C. afraid D. asleep
12.【2020 无锡市 】—Look, Grandma! ________ click on this icon, and then you can talk to the doctor.
—So easy Do I need a special number or something
A. Simple B. Simply C. Easy D. Easily
13．【2020 徐州市】My grandma is a really nice person — one of________ people I know.
A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest
考点二 形容词的比较等级
一、形容词比较等级的构成
1.规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般直接加-er,-est longtall longertaller longesttallest
以不发音的e 结尾时加-r,-st latelarge laterlarger latestlargest
以辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i,再加-er,-est easyhappy easierhappier easiesthappiest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写最后的辅音字母,再加-er,-est bighot biggerhotter biggesthottest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more,most careful more careful mostcareful
beautiful morebeautiful most beautiful
2.不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/ill worse worst
little less least
far farther(较远)further(进一步) farthest(最远)furthest(最大限度)
old older(年纪较大的)elder(较年长的) oldest(年纪最大的)eldest(最年长的)
二、形容词原级的用法
1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。如:
The flowers in the garden are beautiful.花园里的花很漂亮。
2.表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。如:
The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。
3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
(1)肯定句中的结构:“A
+as+形容词原级+as+B”。如:
English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。
(2)否定句中的结构:“A...+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”。如:
This book isn’t so new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。
否定句的结构中部分双音节和多音节形容词除使用“not...as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外,还可使用“less+形容词原级+than”结构。如:
He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.他认为汉语没有英语有趣。
(3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A...+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构(一倍:once,两倍:twice,三倍及以上:基数词+times)。如:
Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
(4)half as+形容词原级+as表示“……是……的一半”。如:
Her room is half as big as yours.她的房间是你房间的一半大。
三、形容词比较级的用法
1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为“A+be+比较级+than+B”。如:
Lily’s room is bigger than mine.莉莉的房间比我的大。
注意:为了避免重复,在从句中常用the one,that,those等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the one代替可数名词单数形式,the ones或those代替可数名词复数形式,that代替单数名词或不可数名词。如:
The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter.冬天,天津的天气比广州的冷。
2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a great deal,a lot,much,even,still,far,any等修饰形容词时,该形容词可以用比较级。如:
It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。
3.表示两者之间进行选择,“哪一个更……”时,用句型“Which/Who+be+形容词比较级,A or B ”表示。如:
Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao 谁比较高,李明还是王涛
4.表示“几倍……”时,用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。如:
Your room is three times bigger than mine.你的房间比我的大两倍。
5.表示“两者之间比较……的一个”时,常用“主语+be+the+比较级+of the two...”结构。如:
Mary is the taller of the twins.玛丽是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
6.表示“越来越……”时用“比较级+and+比较级”,当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时,用“more and more+形容词原级”。如:
It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和了。
7.表示“越……,越……”时,用“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构。如:
The more,the better.越多越好。
二．知识拓展
8.farther和further
far的比较级 含义及用法 例句
farther 在谈论地点、方向或距离时,farther和further可以互换 A table stood at the farther/further end of the kitchen.厨房的那一头放着一张桌子。
further further还有“更多的,更进一步的,附加的”等含义,这时不能与farther互换使用 We must get further information.我们必须获得更多信息。
9.older和elder
(1)old的比较级是older和elder。older常用于比较的句型中,表示“较老的,较旧的,年纪较大的”。elder主要用来表示兄弟姐妹或子女的长幼关系,意为“年长的”。如:
Your bike is older than mine.你的自行车比我的旧。
He’s older than you.他年龄比你大。
He’s my elder brother.他是我哥哥。
(2)elder除指家庭成员外,也可以指其他人,意思是“资格老的”。如:
He is an elder teacher.他是个资格较老的教师。
10.在同一范围内比较时,必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外。如:
China is larger than any other country in Asia.
中国比亚洲其他任何一个国家都大。(在同一范围内,只能和其他对象进行比较)
China is larger than any country in Africa.
中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。(在不同范围内,可以和其中任意一个对象进行比较)
11.某些形容词说明事物间的关系,如方位、时间、用途等,没有比较级的变化,如same,different,southern,northern,Chinese,Japanese等。如:
My answer is different from yours.我的答案和你的不一样。
四、形容词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词最高级前常加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。如:
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。
例 Molly is girl of the three.
A.most outgoing B.more outgoing
C.the most outgoing D.outgoing
2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用“Which/Who is+the+最高级,A,B or C ”结构。如:
Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou 哪座城市最漂亮,北京、上海还是福州
3.表示“最……的……之一”时,用“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。如:
Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示“第几最……”。如:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不能再用定冠词。如:
This is our best lesson today.这是我们今天最好的一节课。
6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。如:
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是他班上最高的学生。
=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.李雷比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.李雷比他班上其他所有的学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.李雷比他班上其他任何人都高。
=No one is taller than Li Lei in his class.在班里没有人比李雷高。
=Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class.李雷比班里其他任何学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the rest of the students in his class.李雷比他班里其余的学生都高。
题组训练 根据汉语提示完成句子
①There is nothing in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。
②His idea sounds .他的主意听起来很棒。
③He is as as his father.他和他的父亲一样高。
④The film is too .这部电影太无聊了。
⑤It is even today.今天甚至更冷了。
⑥Suzhou is becoming .苏州变得越来越美丽。
⑦This picture is the of all.这幅画是所有的画中最好的。
⑧She is the second girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。
一
1．（2021·青海中考真题）—Chinese government has controlled COVID-19 _____ .
—I think so. China is the only country that allows millions of people traveling around during holidays.
A．successful B．more successfully C．most successfully
2．（2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题）Running is one of _____ sports in China.
A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular
3．（2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州·中考真题）People in the rural areas live a _____ life with the care of the government.
A．happier and happier B．poorer and poorer C．more and more happily
4．（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）A mobile phone with 5G can send videos much _____ than the one with 4G.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest
5．（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）I can’t keep up with him, he runs_____ than me.
A．much faster B．even worse
C．less carefully D．more carefully
6．（2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题）—After Start of Spring, everything turns green in China.
—Yes. People clearly see that the daytime is becoming _____ and the weather is becoming _____.
A．shorter; warmer B．longer; cooler C．longer; warmer
7．（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）Jogging is _____ than many sports—to start, just get some comfortable sports clothes and good running shoes.
A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest
8．（2021·河北中考真题）—What is the world’s _____ mountain
—Mount Qomolangma.
A．lower B．lowest C．higher D．highest
9．（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）— Which country has a _____ population, China or Canada
— China. Canada is a lot _____ crowded than China.
A．bigger; less B．bigger; more C．smaller; less D．smaller; more
10．（2021·甘肃武威市·中考真题）Don’t keep up with him—he runs _____ than me.
A．much faster B．even worse C．less carefully D．more carefully
11．（2021·江西中考真题）— Are you going to the airport by bus
— I’d rather take a taxi. It’s ________.
A．quicker B．cheaper C．the quickest D．the cheapest
12．（2021·云南昆明市·中考真题）It’s unbelievable that mountains can grow. According to a recent survey, Qomolangma has risen _____ than before.
A．low B．lower C．high D．higher
13．（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）The roads are becoming _____ as more people go to work in the morning.
A．wider B．longer C．cleaner D．busier
14．（2021·四川成都市·中考真题）With the help of 5G technology, the apps on the smart phone can provide _____ functions for the users than before.
A．many B．more C．most
15．（2021·重庆中考真题）High-speed trains are much _____ than traditional ones.
A．fast B．faster C．slow D．slower
16．（2021·重庆中考真题）Protecting ourselves is one of _____ things we must do.
A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important
17．（2021·四川泸州市·中考真题）—Fishing is one of _____ activities among many people.
—Yes. But now it’s not allowed to fish in the Yangtze River as well as other rivers.
A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular
18．（2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—What’s _____ mountain in the world
—Qomolangma. It is 8848. 86 meters high according to the latest report.
A．higher B．highest C．the highest D．high
二
1.【2020 甘肃武威市】.It was a hundred times ________ than I'd expected.
A. fun B. more fun C. the most fun D. funny
2.【2020 贵州黔南州 】Cindy, you sing the English song __________ among all the singers. Congratulations!
A. better B. best C. beautifully D. most beautiful
3.【2020 河北省】Helen is the person in her family. Her two elder sisters are both married.
A. older B. oldest C. younger D. youngest
4.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】In my opinion, Chinese is ________ any other language in the world because Chinese has the most number of speakers.
A. as important as B. more important than C. the most important
5.【2020 黑龙江绥化 】I think Mark is __________ of all the boys in our class.
A. most outgoing B. more outgoing C. the most outgoing
6.【2020 吉林省】—Who is the_____________ runner, Mike or Sam
—Mike is. He is good at running.
A. faster B. slower C. weaker
7.【2020 南通市】Compared with a 1-day weekend, a 2-day weekend is _______ as we may have enough time for our hobbies.
A. more pleasant B. less pleasant
C. the most pleasant D. the least pleasant
8.【2020 无锡市】—How is your cold, Tom Did you take the medicine
—Yes, three times a day. But it’s getting ________, I suppose. I have a headache today.
A. worse B. worst C. better D. best
9.【2020 江西省 】I’m pretty good at tennis. Actually, I’m probably ________ in the club.
A. worse B. good C. better D. the best
10.【2020 辽宁丹东】Amy has read many history books, so she learns history________ of all the subjects.
A. well B. bad C. best D. worst
11.【2020 辽宁锦州】—You have made great progress on your study.
—Thank you. I believe ________ you work, the better grades you will get.
A. the more careless B. the more careful C. the worse D. the harder
12.【2020 沈阳市 】.Emma loves animals and looks after her pet dog ________ than her friends.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
13.【2020 青海省 】—She was the best seller in the company and her boss gave her a special ten-day holiday.
—That’s so cool. She sold out ________ products than any others last year.
A. the most B. more C. fewer
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